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Kansas CIty's Green Solutions Pilot Project - Technical Approaches, Emerging Lessons, Performance Evaluation/Monitoring Results
- 1. Water Services Department Jessi Veach, URS Overland Park, KS Kansas City’s Green Solutions CSO Control Project: Integrating Water Quality Control and Neighborhood Renewal Padmavathi Iyengar, Overflow Control Program Water Services Department Kansas City, MO Presented by:
- 2. Water Services Department • Reduce Combined Sewer Overflows and Eliminate Sanitary Sewer overflows into the receiving streams. • Achieve up to 98% capture of wet weather flows from each combined sewer basin. • Performance criteria for wet weather capture is to maintain and limit up to 7 typical year overflow events for specific outfalls. • Green Infrastructure and Distributed Storage ; Control measures applied in the combined sewer system areas to achieve the desired reduction of overflows Consent Decree
- 3. Water Services Department City of Kansas City, MO 1st Largest Green Infrastructure Pilot Project
- 4. Water Services Department 1st Largest Green Infrastructure Pilot Project Middle Blue River Basin
- 5. Water Services Department Project: Middle Blue Distributed Storage/ Green Infrastructure Pilot Project Design Professional: URS Corporation Notice to Proceed: September, 2009 100% Plan: December, 2010 Construction: Mega Industries Notice to Proceed: May, 2011 Achievement of full operation: November, 2012 URS
- 6. Water Services Department Photos: David Dods, URS Jessi Veach URS Corporation, Overland Park, Kansas Technical Approaches and Emerging Lessons
- 7. Water Services Department The Green Solutions Pilot Project • Testing Green Infrastructure to control CSOs • Reducing stormwater flows to combined sewers • Incorporate community benefits to gain neighborhood support Photos: David Dods, URS; Richard Johannes
- 8. Water Services Department 100 acres 150+ locations 370,000 gallons storage Retrofitting Green Infrastructure onto Every Street
- 9. Water Services Department And Transforming a Neighborhood in the Process Photos: David Dods, URS Before After
- 10. Water Services Department What is Green Infrastructure? Gardens / Landscaping Porous Pavements Rainwater Capture Photo: Erin Olig, Shockey Consulting
- 11. Water Services Department Green Infrastructure Types in this Project Photos: David Dods, URS
- 12. Water Services Department Rain Garden Photos: L) David Dods, URS; R) Erin Olig, Shockey Consulting Retrofitting between existing curb & sidewalk
- 13. Water Services Department Porous Sidewalk & Raised Curb Photo: David Dods, URS New Curbs and Porous Sidewalk Rain Garden
- 14. Water Services Department Porous Sidewalk & Raised Curb Photos: Jessi Veach and David Dods, URS Bioretention Gardens Rain Gardens with Permeable Soil and Underdrains
- 15. Water Services Department Photo: David Dods, URS Cascade: Stair-Stepped Gardens on Steep Streets
- 16. Water Services Department Photo: David Dods, URS Porous Concrete Sidewalks
- 17. Water Services Department Photos: David Dods and Jessi Veach, URS See where water soaked in Porous Concrete Sidewalk
- 18. Water Services Department • Stormwater Collection Focal Points Photos: Todd Bond and David Dods, URS Curb Extensions with Below-Grade Storage • Traffic Calming • Porous Sidewalks
- 19. Water Services Department Photo: Erin Olig, Shockey Consulting 1. Detention 2. Infiltration 3. Controlled release to sewer 1 3 2 1 Curb Extension with Below Grade Storage
- 20. Water Services Department Troost Avenue: Little Greenspace; Lots of Utilities Pervious Sidewalks + Below Grade Storage Photos: David Dods, URS
- 21. Water Services Department Pilot Testing Design Details • This project is large enough to really learn something • Lots of design features are being tested • Improve performance • Identify best approaches for rest of City and others • Reduce future costs Photo: Jessi Veach, URS
- 22. Water Services Department Inlets and Forebays Photos: David Dods, URS • Stormwater moves sediment, trash, leaves, acorns… • Keep garden beds from plugging • Make maintenance easier • Keep debris out of sewers
- 23. Water Services Department Photos: David Dods, URS Underdrains Slotted Pipe Vs. SmartDrain
- 24. Water Services Department Lessons Learned Photo: Todd Bond, URS
- 25. Water Services Department Distributed Storage • Diversity is good - type, size, distribution • Not “all eggs in one basket” • If one piece fails, the system doesn’t Photos: Todd Bond, URS; David Dods, URS Detention Storage Porous Pavements Vegetated Infiltration
- 26. Water Services Department Constructability & Flexible Design • Unanticipated utility conflicts are common in urban areas • Quickly adjusted in the field if standard, or off-the-shelf materials are used Photo: David Dods, URS
- 27. Water Services Department Soils, Garden Construction, & Infiltration • Compaction is the enemy of infiltration • Garden bed prep is very important • Restore soil structure, add organic matter, keep equipment off Photos: David Dods, URS
- 28. Water Services Department Photos: David Dods, URS Soils (cont) Infiltration happened even before planting (in clay soils)
- 29. Water Services Department Photos: Jessi Veach, URS • Testing the plants most commonly used in KC • Drought was a great opportunity to see what is really hardy and sustainable Plants
- 30. Water Services Department Cost Elements Photos: David Dods, URS
- 31. Water Services Department Photos: David Dods, URS • Visual/tangible appreciation for tax dollar expenditures • You are tearing up streets…with Green Infrastructure residents can see the improvements Public Involvement Building support for public infrastructure projects
- 32. Water Services Department What’s Working Photo: David Dods, URS • Goal is 80% flow rate reduction in 1.4” storm • Visual inspections show BMPs functioning as intended
- 33. Water Services Department What’s Working Photos: Jessi Veach, URS
- 34. Water Services Department Neighborhood Improvements Photos: David Dods, URS
- 35. Water Services Department Photo: David Dods, URS Neighborhood Improvements
- 36. Water Services Department Photo: David Dods, URS Neighborhood Improvements
- 37. Water Services Department Neighborhood Improvements Photo: David Dods, URS
- 38. Water Services Department Neighborhood Improvements Photo: David Dods, URS
- 39. Water Services Department Neighborhood Improvements Photo: David Dods, URS
- 40. Water Services Department Neighborhood Improvements Photo: David Dods, URS
- 41. Water Services Department For More Info: Jessi Veach jessi.veach@urs.com 913-344-1029 Photo: David Dods, URS
- 42. Water Services Department Performance Evaluation of Stormwater Best Management Practices Photo: David Dods, URS
- 43. Water Services Department • Mid-America Regional Council (MARC) • TetraTech • University of Alabama • University of Missouri Kansas City (UMKC) • US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Advanced Drainage Concepts Team
- 44. Water Services Department Small Scale Monitoring • Sub-basin delineation • Green Infrastructure Monitoring Sites • Hydraulics Monitoring (Flow Rate; Water Quality Monitoring) Large Scale Monitoring • Flow monitoring locations • Hydrology Pilot Vs. Control ADC Approach
- 45. Water Services Department Sub-Basin Delineation
- 46. Water Services Department Total number of vegetated BMPs = 135 Total number of monitoring stations = 10 Number of vegetated BMP configurations monitored = 5 • Curb Extension w/ Rain Garden • Rain Garden • Bioretention w/ Smart Drain • Cascade Swale • Private Rain Gardens Green Infrastructure Monitoring Insert picture… Photo: David Dods, URS
- 47. Water Services Department Green Infrastructure Monitoring Sites Legend Cascade Swale Curb Extension w/ Rain Garden Private Rain Garden Rain Garden Bioretention w/ Smart Drain Pilot Project Area Watershed
- 48. Water Services Department Influent runoff characteristics were measured but, effluent measurement was unsuccessful due to proper functioning of the vegetated BMPs. Water Quality Monitoring Photo: David Dods, URS
- 49. Water Services Department Model: WinSLAMM “Source Loading And Management Model” Important Feature: Calculates sources of flows and pollutants of interest for the study area under different rain conditions. The following information was used to calibrate the model: 1. Land use characteristics and infiltration measurements. 2. Site specific rainfall runoff data during the monitoring period from hydrograph separation. Large Scale Monitoring
- 50. Water Services Department Site Characteristics Project area is a medium density study area of 100 acres. Constructed pre- 1960, the area encompasses 600 homes and relatively small portions of commercial corridor and educational institute.
- 51. Water Services Department Infiltration rate:1 to 10 inches/ hour for a rainfall duration of up to 2 hours. Critical design storm for OCP: 1.37 inches/ hour Duration-Infiltration Rates for Surface Soils
- 52. Water Services Department Flow monitoring locations Pilot area flow meter Control area Flow meters CSO Outfall BR069
- 53. Water Services Department Observed Volume Vs. Modeled Volume Observed Volume (ft3) ModeledVolume(ft3) The graph shows WinSLAMM model accuracy.
- 54. Water Services Department ௧ ሺ்௧ ௨ሻ ௧ ሺ்௧ ௨ሻ ; ௧ ሺଵ ௦ሻ ௧ ሺ଼ ௦ሻ ; Pilot Vs. Control PilottoControlRatio Construction period after relining
- 55. Water Services Department Pilot: 100 acres Control: 86 acres Pre- and Post Improvements Before re-lining (initial baseline)
- 56. Water Services Department Next Phases Total Area=644 acres Total Volume Capture=2.52 MG Design storm= 1.37 inch/hour Sub-Basins Outfalls Arleta Park 069 Rachael Morado Colonial Point 059 Tower Park BR069 BR059