Mathematics, including calculus, is an important subject in electrical engineering programs. Calculus is generally divided into two parts: differential calculus, which deals with rates of change, and integral calculus, which deals with accumulation. Differential calculus is concerned with how one variable changes with respect to another. Integral calculus calculates quantities such as areas, volumes, and surfaces bounded by curves through integration.

1. at ics
ath em
M it y
ectr ic
in El EM S
4
US G O
ZAD
By: HA

2.  Mat
hem
Elec atics
trica in El
Calc l Engin ectr
onic
Com ulus eerin s
plex (sing g usu
Diff e le a
renti Analysi and mul lly includ
n
and tivar
parti al Equa s, iablee
cs
Prob al), L tions
tic s i Tran ability. F inear A (both
usua sforms a ourier A lgebra ordinar
),
t ro ni engi lly inclu re also nalysis and y
neer d s
Of th ing ped in el ubjects and Z-
ese s rogr ectric which
Diff e ubje ams. al are
ema
renti cts, C
prer al alcu
requ equisite equation lus and
Ele c
s
engi ired in m for the s are us
Mec neering ost ele Physics ually
Sem hanics, E progra ctrical course
M ath
Anal iconduc lectromms (mai s
Circ ysis has tor Phys agnetis nly
is ne uit Analy direct a ics). Co m &
cour eded fo sis, whi pplicati mplex
Tran ses, as a r all Sig le Fouri ons in
sform re Li n e
. near als & Sy r Analys
Alge stems is
bra a
nd Z
-

3.  Num
 Who bers can tak
ath s
 Dec le numbers: e different fo
on
 Frac imals: 0.80, 1 1, 20, 300, 4, rms:
tions .25, 0 000,
 Perc
d ucti : 1/2
, 1/4 .75, 1
.15
5,000
n ’s M
 You’ entages: 80% , 5⁄8, 4⁄3
num’ll need t , 125
%, 2
back bers o be 50%
from able , 500
num again, one to co %
b er f beca form nver
I ntro
work o to t
and rms areuse all of anothethese
tr ic ia
 You’ elec
trica part of e these r and
basi ll a ls l calc le
c a lg o ne
ed t o ulati ctrical
f ea r ons.
throu of al ebra. M be ab
g a l
there gh th ebra, buny peope to do s
’s no e mater t as you le have ome
Ele c
thing ia w a
to f e l here yo ork
ar. u’ll s
ee

4.  Whol
e
exac numbe
ERS
tly w rs ar
impl ha t t e
ies. T he te
UM B don’ hes e rm
t con
fract tain numbers
ions, any
perc d
enta ecimals
ges. , or
LE N
na m Anot
e f or h er
is “in whol
tege e nu
rs.” mb e
rs
WHO

5.  The d
LS
used ecimal m
t e
IMA othe o display thod is
r tha
num n wh number
b er s ole s
perc , frac
DEC
enta tions
0.80, ges s , or
1.25, uc h a
on. 1.732 s,
, and
so

6.  A fra
num ction re
addi ber. If yopresent
dividng, subt u use a s part of
fract ing, youracting, calcula a whole
NS
To chion to a need t multiplytor for
whol ange a decimalo conver ing, or
(the e numb fraction or who t the
CT IO (the top num er, divid to a decle numb
botto b
mb e
e
e de
im
m nuer) by th the num al or r.
e
e
r). nom rator
 inato
Exam r
 ples
1⁄6 =
FRA
one
 2⁄5 = divid
ed b
two d y s ix
 3⁄6 = ivide
d by = 0.1
three 66
 5⁄4 = divid
ed b
five =
0.40
five
 7⁄2 = divid
ed b
y si x
= 0.5
seve y fou 0
n div r=1
ided .25
by tw
o=3
.50

7.  When
to be a numbe
r
mult changed needs
IE R
iplyi
perc ng it by
enta by a
TIP L perc ge, th
enta e
m ul t ge is
iplie calle
r. Th
is to
conv e firs d a
MUL
perc ert th t s t ep
enta
then ge to e
mult a de
origi iply cima
n al n the l,
deci um b
ma l
value er by the
.

8. WITH
WITH
E
MPL
EXA
MUL
MULT
t
r ren
v ercu er or
An o ak
tion: ircuit bred no less
ues (c
 Q ce size he s
devi ) must becent of t e load i
EX A
EXAM
r
fuse 125 pe load. If de th vice
than inuous rcur rent no –
cont , the ove be sized Figure 1
TIPLI
80A ave to .
will hler than
IPLIE
smal
2
MPLE
0A
(b) 8 125A
(d)
) 75A100A
PLE
(a c )
ER
 (
R
A
) 100
e r : (c
Answ
 e nt t
o
5 perc
r t 12
1: C onve25
Step cimal: 1.
 a de
of
value00A
he = 1
iply t
2: Mult d by 1.25
Step 0A loa
 the 8

9.  Squa
re R
 Der i oot
the ving
th e
root opposite square
itself of 36 is of squa root of a
beca , gives t a numbering a n numbe
writt use six, he prod r that, wumber. Tr (√ n) i
T
en as m uc he h s
 62) eultiplied t 36. The n multi e square
ROO
Bec qual p
use tause it’s s theby itself √36 equ lied by
he sq diffic num (w al
 uare ult to ber 3 hich ca s six,
√ 3: F root d 6. n be
ente ollow
in key oo this m
r
key = the nu g your c f you anual
r cal ly
 1.73 mber 3 alcula culat , just
√ 1,0 2. , then tor’s i or.
pres nstru
squa 00: ente
AR E
re ro r the s the ction
 ot ke num squa s,
If yo y=3 ber 1 re ro
ur ca 1.62 ,000 ot
key, lcula . , then
purpdon’t wo tor do pres
num oses in rry abo esn’t ha s the
3. Th ber y usin ut it. ve a
ou g th Fo squ
SQU
1.732e squareneed to is textb r all prac are root
. root k oo t ic
 To ad of 3 now the k, the on al
equa s l
by a d, subt ls apquare ro y
prox o
valuesquare ract, mu imat t of is
and root va ltiply, ely
then lue, d or div
perf
orm etermin ide a nu
the m e the mbe
ath f r
unct decimal
ion.

10.  Intro
duct
 math ion t
o Ca
calc
 01/16 ulus.do lculus
TO C C TION /200
 This b 2 c
UL US to pr brief Se
very ovide th ction se
brie e rea eks o
 conc f and
gene
der w nly
i
all abept of w ral th a
ALC
OD U
ou t . hat c
T he
stud
alcul
us is
custo y
parts mari of calcu
ly di
 : videlus is
INTR
Diffe d int
re nt o two
 Inte
gral
ial c
alcu
calc lus,
ul us an d,
.

11. L
GRA
L INTE
N TI A
FERE US
DI F U L st
of
udy and
C  The ration as
CAL
AND CALCU
AND CALCU
DIFF
DIFF
s s is
integ es, such
ntia l ca thelculurate of
w it h
its us lculating d
iff ereed with ariable
oncern f one v r.
D in ca bounde
s
c ge o anothe area rves,
EREN
EREN
INTE
chanect to
INTE
s is u
res p
t ia l
lculuollowing
ca e f by c es
ferened by th
D if l if i
xemp s: volumded by
e stion
que be
y of r
st wa of a ca t? boun ces, and
d
is thehe spee ot objec surfa ions to
GRA
GRA
t
ha ing t
TIAL
TIAL
Wcrib oling of a h e of
d es co ng solut ential
r r
or the
oes
e chatransisto on
th f a up diffe tions.
ow d urrent ot depend
utput c circui input
H equa
L
L
o fier the
mplihange of
S
S
a c
the ent?
curr

12. EXA
M PL E
S