JRV – GBIF Science Symposium 2013
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JRV presents on the use of GBIF data for conservation at the 2013 GBIF Science Symposium in Berlin, Oct. 8 2013
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JRV – GBIF Science Symposium 2013
- 1. Use of GBIF-mediated data for in- situ and ex-situ conservation planning Julian Ramirez-Villegas, Nora Castañeda, Colin Khoury, et al. THE GBIF SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM 2013 Berlin, October 8 2013 Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 2. Content ✤ Part 1: In-situ conservation of plant diversity in South America ✤ GBIF mediated data ✤ Threats and conservation status ✤ Filling the conservation gaps ✤ Part 2: Ex-situ conservation of crop wild relatives ✤ Methodology ✤ GBIF data + + + ✤ What and where to preserve Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 3. Importance of biodiversity ✤ ~3 billion people depend directly on marine biodiversity + ~1.6 depend on forests (CBD, 2010) ✤ Pollinators are worth ~50 billion USD / year (CBD, 2010) ✤ Crop wild relatives valued in ~200 billion USD for agriculture Biodiversity spots and poverty Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 4. Importance of biodiversity 0 100 200 300 400 VEN COL PER ECU BOL E. Africa CWR Pollinators GDP/Value(billionUSD) Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 5. In-situ conservation of plant diversity in South America Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 6. In-situ conservation of plant diversity in South America GBIF data Threats data (Jarvis et al. 2010) WDPA data + + Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 7. GBIF data ✤ Automated cleansing of GBIF data 44,706,505 0 25 50 75 100 Plantae Coordinates Unique Trustable S. America PercentfromPlantae 33,340,000 14,390,414 12,860,281 513,368 Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 8. Existing threats ✤ We used a multi-dimensional “threat index” endemism threat pop. highest threat lowest threat Range size Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 9. Existing threats ✤ ~80 % taxa have at least one population in a high threat area ✤ ~14 % taxa had 80 % or more of their populations at high threat ✤ 173 (out of 1088) taxa had their single recorded population in a high threat area 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Averagemax.threatamongpopulations Access Fires Def. Grass. Conv Inf. Oil/Gas Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 10. Are reserves sparse? ✤ For the most part they’re not: ✤ >80 % taxa have at least one population in a protected site ✤ ... and 63 % have more than 30 % of their populations in protected sites ✤ But there are cases ✤ ~18 % taxa presented no populations in protected sites ✤ How to improve the representativeness? Is it possible to widen the system? Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 11. Messages ✤ Threat level seems to be high: accessibility, fires and deforestation being key drivers ✤ In some cases (e.g. taxa with little data) we may be over-estimating threats. Data collection remains key. ✤ Protected sites are in the right places, though better completeness can be achieved if a few areas are added to the current network ✤ ... and we must not forget about appropriate connectivity, monitoring and funding for protected sites Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 12. Ex-situ conservation of crop wild relatives: gap analysis Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 13. Why crop wild relatives? ✤ Current crop breeders rely on finding the right genes against biotic or abiotic stresses. Crop wild relatives may be such source: Hajjar and Hodgkin (2007) Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 14. A gap analysis methodology... applied to 29 crops Determine gaps Model distributions Gather taxonomic data Gather occurrence data Make conservation recommendations Georeferencing +others Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 15. 1.Taxonomic search Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 16. 2. Gather occurrence data Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 17. 3. Our data 2,608,155 records for the 29 crops 1,526,698 records with coordinates Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 18. 4. Model species distributions Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 19. 5.A gap analysis methodology... Taxonomic EnvironmentalGeographic Expert-based assessment of model results Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 20. 6. (a)What should we collect? ✤ Ex-situ conservation status Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 21. 6. (b)Where should we collect? Sunflower Rice Beans Millets Cowpea Pigeonpea Musa Carrot Maize Beans Apples Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 22. “How well” our model does Data paucity and lack of globally-informed expert caused large differences Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 23. Delivering our results... Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 24. Messages ✤ Crop wild relatives as a source of genetic traits for adapting to climate change ✤ Methodology published in 2010, now applied over 29 genepools --some 2 million data ✤ Nearly half CWR are not well conserved ex-situ. Collections are needed ✤ We can trust our approach reflects expert knowledge, though improvements in modelling are possible ✤ Collections need to happen in many countries in all continents... negotiations need to happen Wednesday, October 9, 13
- 25. Conclusions ✤ Models and data can help design / improve conservation strategies, particularly if stresses and range changes are expected with climate change ✤ Thanks to GBIF data is being shared and... more importantly, widely used. ✤ Two example analyses show that the data is not perfect, but adequately represents (or complements) existing knowledge in many areas Wednesday, October 9, 13