ICT plays an important role in modern society for communication, education, commerce, health services, science, and more. It has transformed how people interact through developments like the internet. Key aspects of ICT discussed include social media, online safety, conducting research, and using tools like mail merge for communication. Formats for digital images and text include proprietary, open, and file formats indicated by extensions.

2. ICT in the Context of Global Communication
-Information and Communications Technology
(ICT) plays an important part in our lives and
then all aspects in our society.ICT has become
the main method of communication, getting
information and education, attaining services
from business, hospitals, utilities,
government,purchasing products and services,
doing personal and business transaction, and
expressing social advocates and awareness

3. Education
Modern homes have computed for research
and learning by students and the family for
school lessons
Telecommunication
Computers are also used in mobile phone
communication to control calls and SMS( short
message service) or text traffic.
Commerce
Shop and supermarkets use software which calculate
the bills and efficiently process both cash and credit
transactions. Online shopping continue to grow in
popularity since it provides a lot of choices for items
and pricing from various sources

4. Sports and recreation
There are simulation software were athletes can
practice their skills, and the computer will identify
the flaws in their techniques.
Arts, designs, and musics
Image, and graphic designs, photo editing, and
music arrangements.
Media and Visual arts
Architecture, interior design, and landscape
architecture.
Health services
Computers in hospitals are used by doctors to
store medical data,patients records, research
materials, and other information.

5. Science and Research
Modern laboratories have computer used by
chemists to invent materials, medicine , and
products to improve life.
The Current State of ICT
Web 1.0
Is a term coined to differentiate this first stage of
the worl wide web(www) incomparison with
present stage of the internet technology

6. Web 2.0
The transition between the end of web 1.0 and
beginning of web 2. 0 cannot exactly be
determined, since the chNge was gradual as the
internet technology became more and more
interactive.
Web 3.0
Web 3.0 is named and reffered to by web experts
as semantic web or data driven web content and
response.

7. Online Sytems,Functions, and Platforms
-Social medi
-Search engines
-Communication services
-Payment systems
-Advertising platform
-Creative content outlets
There are some different possible dangers that
makes you unsafe on online
*Pharming
A dangerous hacker attack on a website
which directs all traffic to that website to
anther fictatious website.

8. Spyware
This is a computer program that is intalled
covertly on personal computer to collect
information or even take control over the
computer without the knowldege of the user.
Computer worm
. This is a dangerous computer program that
replicates itself through a network
Trojan horse
A form of malicious software ( malware) fronting
to perform a good task , but covertly perfoms
and diserable function with the intention of
entering the computer without user consent.

9. Computer virus
Is a program that duplicates itself and then
infects the computer.
Phishing
A deceitful practice of trying to get confidential
information such as passwords and usernames,
and credit card details by making it appear as if it
comes from a trustworthy source.
Email spam
Also known as junk email,it is usually unsolicited
commercial email sent from one source with
identical message sent to multiple recipients.

10. Hacker
This is a person who os able to enter and
control other peoples computer without
authorization.
Social media
Is a collection of internet-based communication
tools and computer-assisted channels dedicated to
allow users to interact,communicate, and share
information in a virtual communinty and network

11. The most common social media sites are:
Facebook
Is a popular free social networking site with
more than a billion users around the globe that
allows users to create profile,upload photos and
videos,create and join groups,react to friends
post, create events,send message ,keeping in
touch with close friends,and relatives.
Twitter
It more than 300 million users in 2016,this social
networking site allows users to microblog or
broadcast short messages called"twitter".

12. Instagram
Another free social networking app that enables
the user to share mobile photo and video either
publicly or privately.
Snapchat
Is designed for the mobile networking
application.
ICT
Is the umbrella that include any communication
device or application encompassing
radio,television and etc.

13. Security Center
The security center of windows is the place
where you can set additional protection from
threat to your computer, especially when using
the internet.
There are three important security settings
available:
Firewall
Helps in protecting computer from
unauthorized entries,variouses, or worms
from the internet or network.

14. Automatic updates
Is another feature of windows which when turned
on will automatically download updates from
microsoft windows website.
Virus protection
Usually about the current antivirus
software installed in your computer.
Contextual search
On the internet is different from the traditional
way of getting information which returns a list of
papers or documents relevant to the request of
the user.

15. Steps to make contextualized online search:
1.Identify or choose a topic.
2.Topic or task definition
3.Identify methods of search
4.Identify resources of your research
5.Make your research strategies
6.Compiling the research results
7.Evaluate the results of your research.
8.Create a list of your reffences for citation.
Research Skills
Critical thinking
It is the ability to digest,reflect,and conclude
from the information searched.

16. Analytical thinking
The ability to look,vertualize,conceptualize,and
data attuned to the context of the subject.
Problem solving capability
The ability to present solutions or solve problems
by presenting a decision based on the given
information
Organized data mining
It is the ability to organize and catalogue all
collected materials efficiently despite data size.
Research presentation
It is the ability to present ideas and draw
coclusions from the research

17. Creativity and developed imagination
It is the ability to look for alternative solutions to
the problems needed to solve in the research.
Computer literacy
Knowledge of the various computer
applications and tools.
Steps in Making a Contextualized
Research
1.Open the google site, on the upper right side of
the window,click the google apps icon and click
research G.
2.On the lower right part of the window,click
settings pop up list will appear.

18. 3.Click advanced search and the advanced search
window will apear.
4.Type the keyword that you would like to search
and click the advanced search button.
Unlocking of Difficulties
1.Contextualize
- is to place (something,such as a word or
activity)in a context.
2.Research
- the collectively of information about a
particulay subject.
3.Strategy
-the act of process of compiling.

19. 5.Citation
-an act of qouting;especially the acting of a
previously settled case at law.
Indentifying Good source from Satirical Source
-Satirical sites are websites thae report untrue or
false stories to amuse or entertain.
- These sites take thuer our from TV shows.
How to Detect Satirical News
-If it is too good to be true, then it must be to.
-If the news not emanate from reliable news site.
-If they are from known satirical sites.

20. List of Top Sources of Satirical News
1.Adobo chronicles (adobochronicles.com)
2.So,what's news?
3.Eritas What news.word press.com
4.The professional hacker
List of American Satirical Sites
1.The onion
2.Clickhole (clickhole.com)
3.Cristwire Global (cristwire.org)

21. Creating Recipient List
1.Click the mailings tab, go to the Start group
and click Select recipient
2. On the list of options,select Type new list
3. On the New address list dialog box,click
New entry and type the recipient.
Mailings Start Group Commands
Mail Merge
- Merges data in to a publication which will be
printed and mailed.Shows step by step Mail
merge wizard.

22. E-mail Merge
-Merges data in to a publication that will be sent as
e- mail
Select Recipients
-chooses the list of people you intend to sent to
sent the letter to.
Edit Recipient
- makes changes to the list of recipient and
decide list which of them should recieve your letter.

23. Editing a Recipient List
1. Click the Mailings tab go to the Start group and
click Edit Recipient list.
2. On the Mail Merge Recipient dialog box,click
the name that you should like to edit and type the
correct information.
Creating a Mail Merge
1. Click Mailings tab go to the Start group and
click Mailing
2. Selct the Step by step mail merg wizard and
pane will be displayed.

24. Parts of Mail Merge
1.Recipient List
2.Publication with Merge Fields
3.Merged Publications
Step 1: Creating a Recipient List
1. Click the mailings tab, go to start group and
click on the select recipients.
2. On the list of options type new list.
3. On the new address list dialog box click new
entry and the recipient
4. Click ok

25. Step 2: Prepare your Publication
1.Create your publication in MS.World
2. Insert any additional text that you want to appear in
very of your mail merge publication,such as greeting.
Step 3: Create Merged Publication
1.Print
a. Click merge to a printer
b. In the print space,select the options you want to
click ok.
2. Merge to new publication
a. Click merge to new publication
b. In the new publication,click save this publication
in the mail merge task pane
c.Type the name of in new publucation and click
save

26. Online digital file formats for images and text
Proprietary formats-are owned and controlled by
individuals or corporation qnd the file formats
specifications are not available to the public onr of the
example of q proprietary format is the used is the
storage for microsoft word,excel and power point.
File formats - uses suppixes that are added to the end
of a filename,called filename extension.The file
extension has usually two or more characters ,although
historically these were only three.
Open format-can be used by the public and are not
encumbered by copyrights or patents these format are
also called free file formats

27. Digital file format classified into three major
groups
1.Uncompressed or raw format - used for string
original file format but needs bigger memory to
store .
2.Lossless file format-that was compressed to
replicate the original quality but at a reduce file
size.
3. Lossy file format - compressed , least memory

28. Sources of photos and graphics
1.Personal and professional photos-are photos
taken by amateur or professional photographers
using a digital camera
2.Scanned image-are those that youbtransfer
pribted photos and graphics using scanning devices
which you can transfer to your computer for further
improvement and modification.
3.Stock photo library - several photographs and
created image that are available for sale .
4.Online stock photos-are found in the World
Wide Web

29. Image file formats
Image file formats are means of storing and
organizing digital images,photos,and
illustrqtions.
A.Raster images files
Raster image or bitmap image is a means of
representing digital images in bits of information for
storage;which trabslate s into pixels when viewed on
the screen

30. TYPES OF RASTER IMAGE
FORMATS.bmp-Bitmap image file is an image file formats
developed and used on Microsoft Windows
environment and is stored in graphics file formats called
device-dependent bitmap (DIB)
.gif-Graphical interchange format file is an image
file formats that is very popular on the Worl Wide Web
because of its portability(small file size)and support
for animation
.jpg-JPEG inage file - standardsized by the Joint
Photographic Experts Group(JPEG) is a common
method for photographic image as well as
transmission of photos on the World Wibe Web
since it supports 24-bits per pixel color scheme.

31. .png-Portable network graphic (PNG) is a
free,open-source bitmap image format that made to
improve on GIF which has small file but can handle
more color since its support 24-bit per pixel color
scheme and supports true color (16 million colors).
.psd-Photoshop documents (PSD) is a native file
format for adobe Photoshop,and since mqny are
using this progran to create images, it is very
populqr.

32. B.Vector image or vector graphics file
Vector image file are lossless files created using
mathrmatical geometric equations to represent iages
in digital computer graphics.
.ai-Adobe illustration File is the file extension
forbgrqphics created using Adobe illustrator whic
is created using paths and lines connected by
points instead of bitmaps,which may include
objects ,colors,and text
.drw-Drawing file is a generic drawing created
and stored in a vector format that uses lines or
paths to represent images.

33. .dxf-Drawing exchange formats file is a drawing
developed and introduced by Autodesk tge maker of
AutoCAD and is usee for computer-aided design
(CAD)
.ps- PostScript file is a page description language
(PDL) developed by Adobe,basically a language for
printing documents on laser printers and image setters
(high resolution printers) used to produce camera
ready copies
.svg-Scable vector graphics (SVG) file is the most
common vector graphic format on the internet;it was
developed by Tge World Wide Web Consortium
(W3C) to display vector graphics

34. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF GRAPHICS AND LAYOUT
Layout is the process of planning and arangging
graphics or text in a page or book .
*Symmetrical- a layout may be symmetrical where
there are equal weight of elements on both sides of
the page
*Assymetrical-a layout may be assymetrical
where there is an artistic and different intensity
on one side of the page
*Text- the text type should be legible ,appropriate
font face,and arranged either left justified,right
justified or centered

35. *Image-the image should be proportionate ,with sharp
color and high resolution
*Proximity and harmony-the elements should be
closed together and not scattered and arangged apart
from each other
*Consistency-there should be uniformity of theme on
each page
*Color and shape - use color to create interest by
providing variety in design like the use of color
contrast and shapes
*Emphasis-there should be one point of interest in a
page.

36. PRINCIPAL AND BASIC TECHNIQUES OF IMAGE
MANIPULATION
There are various ways to manipulate images like
resizing,cropping,adjusting,color
,background,balance,brightness,and
contrast,combining photos,combining text and
photos,and adding effects.
TECHNIQUES OF IMAGE MANIPULATION:
Background color-you can change the background if
it does not match the image or totality of the
presentation.
Multiple images -you can combine multiple images
to make a point or use to highlight your message

37. Shadow- using shadow effect will make the image
realistic
Proportion-when combining images,resize the
image to make it proportionate and realistic
Blending color-you can use color blending to match
background wuth the other elements in the page
Texture -adding text allows you to blend different
images
Emphasis -there should be a focal point to a page
that will attract viewers .

38. COMBINING TEXT,GRAPHICS,AND IMAGES
Transparent shapes-add simple shapes with a slight
transparency behind your text to clearly see the text
you want to emphasize.
Text and background -text and background
should be aligned to have an organized look.
Fonts and shape-fonts and shapes should
complement each other.
Clean and clear background-use a clean and
clear background for the message to be readable

39. BASIC IMAGE MANIPULATION USING OFFLINE
OR OPEN SOURCE-SOFTWARE
1.Picasa-picasa is googles free photo manager to edit
and orgqnize your photos.
Photo editing and design tools allows you to
manipulate or edit images,apply effects,filters,add
frames,crop,add text,change background color,make
photo collage,and photo album that you would like to
do in an image .
There are various offline or open source you can use
for image editing .Usable platform/application
include:

40. 2.Paint.net-paint.net is a Windows-based
alternatives to MS paibt editor .
3.Google sketch up-google sketch up is a free ,3D
modeling program with tools that alloes you to create
3D models of house ,home renovation,woodworking
projects,and others with dimensional accuracy
4.Autodesk Pixlr
-pixlr is a free photo editing tool that is similar to
photoshop and has more than 600 effects
,overlace,and borders that you can use

41. 5.Adobe photoshop
-is a tool to create,modify,combine and optimize
digital photos and images.It is used to perform
changes such as adjusting brightness and contrast of
the images ,combines different image elements and
keeps your images organized.
6.GIM
- is a free open source image/graphics editing
program used for image retouching and editing,free-
form drawing/painting,and other especialized tasks.

42. PRESENTATION/VISUALIZATION
Presentation is a graphics program that allows you to
create slideshows presenting a topic
,lecture,demonstration to
enlighten,educate,communicate,or persuade the
audience.A presentation program allows you to
organize ,summarize and format your
materials,illustrate your presentation images or
clipart,animation,graphics,qnd other multimedia
components.It also allows transitions ,animations,and
sound thqt well captivate the audience and keep them
them interested.

43. Exampes of presentations are:
1.Zoho show
-is an online presentation that features masters slides
,templates,costumization,the ability to insert
videos/images,transitions/animations,editing,shape
effects,and easy flowchart building.
2.LinkedIn slideshare
-is a web 2.0 based slide hosting service.Users can
upload files privately or publicly in the following file
formats:powerpoint,PDF,keynote or opendocument
presentation
3.Google slides
-create a new presentation and edit,colaborate with
others,and present wherever you are for free.

44. 4.Sliderocket
-is an online presentation platform that lets users
create,manage,share and measure presentation.
5.Ms.PowePoint
- is a slide show presentation program currently
developed by microsoft
6.Prezi
-is a cloud-based presentation software based on a
software as a service model.The product employs a
zooming user interface,wich allows users to zoom in
and out of thier presentation media.

45. HANDS-ON: using prezi to create a presentation
CREATING A NEW PREZI ACCOUNT
1.Go to prezi.com
2.Click gets started on the upper right corner.
3.Sign up for public account
4.After providing information click create your free
public account

46. The Prezi Canvass
Zooming in and out
1. Zoom in, just scroll the mouse upwards,and zoom out
scroll the mouse downwards.
2. Zoom in the frames,just like a frame and select zoom
in to frame int the frame tool bar.
3. To zoom out in the original overview, click the home
button.
Moving Around the canvas
1. To move around thee canvas click and hold and
drag the cursor to the durection you want to go to.

47. Undo and Redo
1. undo just click the undo button,and to redo
click the rTo edo button.
Adding/Editing Texts.
1. To add text just ckick anywhere in the canvas
and start tyoing.Or click the sign click to add title
and type.
Adding/Editing Frames
1. To add a frame select the type of frame you
would like and drag the shape with a plus sign
anywhere you want in canvas.

48. 2. To edit the frame click on the frame and you can
change the color and type of the frame or delete it in
the frame toolbar.
3. You can move the frame around by clicking and
holding the hand button and then drag it or any
direction.
4. You can increase or decrease the size of the
frame by sliding the sizing handle outward or toward
the center or you can use the + buttons.
5. To add an image,shape,video, and other files to
the frame click insert

49. The Prezi Canvas
Editing Images
1. You can move the image around by clicking and
holding the hand button and moving it to any
direction you want.
2. You can increase or decrease the size of the
image by dragging the sizing handle away or towards
the center or you can use the + and buttons.
3. You can rotate the photo by pointing your mouse
near any sizing handle so you can click and hold a
small circle beside it and rotae it at any direction.

50. 4. You can enhance add effects and frames to your
photo by selecting effects at the picture toolbar.
Editing the Background
1. To add an image or change the background color
click costumize.
2. You can either change the background color by
clicking color and choosing a new color or adding a
background imaging by selecting choose file.
3. You can also change the look of your present
template by choosing one of the themes in the theme
tab.

51. Adding/Editing Animations
1. Enter edit path mode by clicking edit path on the
bottom left. A star symbol will appear on each side
of a path point or to a frame.
2. Click the star symbol to center animation edit
mode.
3. When you click or hover on an object you'll see a
green star with a number ,this represents the order
which your content will fade in.
4. You can review the animation by clicking the play
button on the top right corner.

52. 5. To change the order you can click the rest on the top
left corner to remove all the animation present in the
frame.
6. Or you can also remove the animation individually
by hovering over a green star until you see a delete
button.
7. If you are satisfied with the order of your animation
click box.