ICT refers to information and communication technologies and includes any devices or applications used for communication like radio, TV, and computers. The document discusses the evolution of the internet from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 to Web 3.0. It also discusses current technologies like social media, technology convergence, and security measures like firewalls and antivirus software. Common issues related to ICT like email spam, phishing, and computer viruses are also explained.

1. Empowerment
Technology
11- HE COOKERY
Prepared by:
ROSIE GURA
CEDRIC PADA
MARIAN GOZON
LOIDA GULA

2. ICT-Information Communication
Technology
- is the umbrella that includes any communication device
or application, encompassing radio, television, computer
and etc.
- the main method of information, getting information and
education, attaining services and expressing social
advocacies and awareness.

3. CURRENT STATE OF ICT
 Web 1.0
 Web 2.0
 Web 3.0

4. WEB 1.O
 In this stage of internet technology there were very few web
content creators and many of them were so called ‘ read only
web’’.
o There were no user interaction.
o Web pages were STATIC
o The feedback mechanism was thru private email
o No direct comment available

5. WEB 2.0
 The term Web 2.0 was used around 2004
o Internet Technology became more and more interactive.
o The internet became more available to everyone.
o The users on now interact, contribute, and create their own internet
space and content.
COMMUNITY WEB DYNAMICS
WEBMASTER
User’s Contribution
BLOGS,WIKIS,RR,SS

6. WEB 3.0
It is discovered by Tim Berners-Lee ( Father of the
World Wide Web ) as the read-write-execute web.
o It is referred to as the semantic web or data driven web
content and response.

7. TECHNOLOGY
CONVERGENCE
 It is an evolution of technological development that
merge into two system bringing together different
types of applications and media.

8. Examples:
Smartphone
-as it provides functionality of various individual
separate and different devices now available in one
year. It can function as a telephone, camera ,radio, TV
and gaming console.

9. SOCIAL MEDIA
 It is a collection of internet- based communication tools and
computer- assisted channels dedicated to allow users to
interact.
FACEBOOK
is a popular free social networking sites with more than a
billion users around the globe that allows its users to create
profiles.

10. Twitter
 With more than 300 million users in 2016
 Allows users to micro logy or broadcast short
messages called ‘’tweets’’
Instragram
 A social networking application that enables
the user to share mobile photo and video
either publically or privately.

11. Snap chat
 Designed for the mobile networking application.
 Also designed for photo sharing , chat, and
messaging services
 Images and videos shared in this app last
only for a short time and they are gone.
Assistive Media
 It is was the first internet-based reading service
 for persons with casual and reading impairments.

12. Email Spam
 Known as junk email, usually unsolicited commercial
email sent from one source with identical
message to send to multiple recipients.
Email Spoofing
 A deceitful email practice in which the sender
address is changed, so that it would appear
to have come from a different sources
usually someone you know.

13. Phishing
 A deceitful practice of trying to get confidential
information such as passwords and usernames,
and credit card details by making it appear as
if it comes from a trust worthy source.
Pharming
 A dangerous hacker attack on a website
which directs all traffic to that web site
to another fictitious website.

14. Spyware
 It is a computer program that is installed covertly
on a personal computer to collect information or
even take control over the computer without
the knowledge of the users.
Computer Worm
 Some worms delete files, others disrupt
the network function and still, other
disrupt the network function and still,
other send junk mail from infected computer.

15. Trojan Horse
 It can erase data, can allow access of the victim’s
computer, can corrupt files ,and can be use
in Phishing.
Computer Virus
 It spread like a real biological virus, wherein it
attaches it self to a host program and
infect other computer if it is received by a
computer if it is received by a computer
through the internet.

16. Hacker
 A person who is able to enter
the control other
people’s computer without
authorization.

17.  Security center
-Is the place where you can set additional protection from threat to your
computer especially when using the internet.
 Fire wall
-Help to protection your computer from un authorized entries viruses or worms
from the internet or network.
 Automatic updates
-Another features of windows which when turn on will automatically download
updates from Microsoft windows website.
 Virus protection
-Is usually about the current anti virus software installed in your computer.
 Anti virus
-Software is meant to locate find and remove virus threats. That are already in
your computer. It is also prevent other malware from gaming entry into your
computer.

18. Unlocking of difficulties
Contextualize- is to place (something such as a word or
activity) in a word or in a context.
Research- the collection of information about a particular
subject.
Strategy- the art of devising or employing plans or
stratagems toward a goal careful plan or method.
Compilation-the act or process of compiling.
Citation-an act especially the citing of a previously settled
case at law.

19. Contextual Search
Is an attempt to be more precise in
providing the list document according
to the words used by the user to search
the internet.
A good contextual search engine would
request for more information to narrow
down the result of the search.

20. Steps to make Contextualized Online Search
1.Identify or choose a topic.
2.Topic or task definition.
3.Identify method of search
 experiment
 explore
 survey
4.Identify resources of your research
 wikipedia
 google

21. 5. Make your research strategies.
6. Compiling the research result.
7. Evaluate the result of your research.
8. Create a list of your references for
citation.

22. Research Skills
Critical skill
- it is the ability to digest reflect and conclude
from the information search.
Analytical thinking
- the ability to look verbalize conceptualize
and gather data attuned to the context of
the subject.
-the ability to apply synthesis, focus and critical
thinking to extract the useful information.

23.  Problem Solving Capability
- the ability to present solutions or solve problems by presenting a
decision based on the given information.
-people with this ability are able to define and identify the latitude of the
problem and present all possible solutions.
 Organize Data Mining
-It is the ability to organize and catalog all collected materials efficiently
despite data size.

24.  Research Presentation
- It is the ability to present ideas and draw conclusion from the research.
-be able to explain in writing the purpose, steps, goals and objective of
the research.
Creativity and Developed Imagination
-it is the ability to look for alternative solutions to the problems needed
to solve in the research.
- Thinking beyond the usual approaches to the research objectives.

25.  Computer Literacy
-knowledge of the various computer application and tools.
- Skills in the use of software to write, design, and present.

26. Steps in making
Research Contextualized
Research
1. Open the Google site.
2. On the upper right side of the window, click the Google
Apps Icon and click search G.
3. On the lower right part of the window, click settings
and the Google search setting pop-up list will appear.
4. Click an advance search and the advanced search
window will appear.
5. Type the keywords that you would like to search and
click the Advance search button.

27. Identify Good Source
from satirical Source
 Satirical sites are website that report untrue or
false stories meant to amuse or entertain.
 These sites take their cue from TV shows that
report exaggerated news that are untrue but
intriguing and funny.
 Untrue stories should not be share.
 There sites started as spoofs of real public
figure such as political leaders or movie
personalities.

28. How to defect
satirical News
1. If its is good to be true, then it must be so.
2. If the news did not emanate from reliable news site.
3. If they are from known satirical sites.
List of top source of satirical news
1. Adobo Chronicles ( Adobo Chronicles.com)
2. So, What’s New? (So what new. Wordpress.com)
3. Eritas Times ( Eritas-time.com)
4. The professional Heckler (
Profesionalheckler.wordpress.com)

29. List of American
Satirical Sites in the
USA
1. The onion ( theonin.com)
2. Click hole ( clickhole.com)
3. Christwire Global Media ( christwire.org)

30. Mail Merge and Label
Generation
MAIL MERGE – is used to
automatically add mailing
addresses or personalized
information to your
publication

31. Mailing Start Group
Commands
NAME FUNCTION
MAIL MERGE Merges data into a
publication which will be
printed and mailed. Show
steps by steps Mail Merge
World.
E-Mail Merge Merges data into a
publication that will be
sent as e-mail.
Select Recipients Chooses the list of people
you intend to send the
letter to. You can type your
own list, use your out look
content or connect to a
database.
Edit Recipients List Make changes to the list of
recipients and decide
which of them should
receive your letter.

32. Write and Insert Group
Commands
NAME FUNCTION
Insert Merge Field Adds a field from your recipient list to
the publication.
Address Block Adds an address to your letter.
Greeting Line Adds a greeting to your letter.
Picture Adds a picture field from your
recipient- list to publication.
Insert Personalized Hyperlink Inserts hyperlink that are customized
for each recipient.
Format Changes the format for the field
content.

33. Parts of Mail
Merge
1. Recipients List
2. Publication with Merge fields
3. Merge Publication

34. Step 1: Creating a
Recipients List
1. Click the mailings tab, go to the start group and
click select recipients.
2. On the list of options, select Type New List.
3. On the New Address List dialog box, click New
Entry and Type the recipient information.
4. Click Ok.

35. Step 2: Prepare
your publication
1. Create your publication in MS Word.
2. Insert any additional text that you want to
appear in every version of your mail merge
publication, such as greeting.

36. Step 3 : Create
Merged
Publication
1. Print
A. Click Merge to a printer
B. In the print space, select the options you want and click Ok.
2. Merge to new publication
A. Click Merge to New Publication.
B. In the new publication, click Save this Publication in the Mail
Merge task pane.
C. Type the name of your new publication and Click save.
3. Add to existing Publication
A. Click Add to Existing Publication
B. On the Open Publication dialog box, locate the publication you
want to add and click open
C. Click Save this Publication in the Mail Merge Task pane.

37. Generating Labels
 Labels are used for envelopes
that you intend to send out to
persons usually containing the
name, address, or telephone.

38. Steps in Generating Labels
1. Start a new document in MS Word.
2. Go to the Mailings tab, in the Create Group, Click labels and the
Envelope and Labels dialog box will appear.
3. In the Address box, type the text you want to be placed on the
label.
4. Click the Insert Address icon if you have an address stored In the
electronic address book.
5. To change the Font or Paragraph formatting, select the text, right-
click and select the option from the drop-down menu.

39. 6. Click Option button and the label options dialog box will
appear.
7. Select the settings like the type of printer, the supplier
that produced your label sheet and others.
8. After you make the settings, Click OK.
9. Under Print, select full page of the same label or single
label. Then in the row and column boxes, enter the numbers
that match the numbers of row and columns on the label
sheet for the label that you want to print.
10. Click Print.

40. MS PowerPoint
What is MS PowerPoint?
- It is an application intended for
creating a slide presentation.
How to create a Slide Presentation?
1. Open MS PowerPoint.
2. Click New and select your preferred
design template.
3. Click insert tab new and insert text,
word art or any object in the slide.
4. Click home tab to insert new slide in
our information.

41. MS Excel
- Is use to compute costs incurred in
the creation of projects, or create
tables for finding the researches and
then create reports for business or
research that you are doing.

42. Sources of Photos and Graphics
There are many sources of
photos and graphics. They can
come direct from your camera, old
pictures, free from internet or
stores.

43. 1. Personal and Professional Photos
-are photos taken by amateur or professional photographers using a
digital camera. These image are downloaded and are stored in the
computer.
2 . Scanned Images
- are those that you transfer from printed photos and graphics using
scanning devices which you can transfer to your computer for further
improvement and modification.
3. Stock Photo Library
- are several photographs and created images that are available for
sale.
4. Online Stock Photos
- found in the World Wide Web. The WWW is no the dominant source
of photos and graphics around the globe because of the widely available
choices and reasonable prices.

44. Online digital file formats for images and
text
A computer will have a certain method of encoding information for storage in
the hard drive or any form of computer storage. The ways of encoding and storing
this information to storage is called file formats. Digital file formats are categorized
as either proprietary or open.
Proprietary formats are owned and controlled by individuals or corporation and
the file format specifications are not available to the public. They are usually
covered by copyright and the owner has exclusive control of the present and future
technology development of this format. An example of a proprietary format is the
one used is the one used in the storage for Microsoft word, excel and PowerPoint.

45. Open formats are means and ways for storing digital information
that are free, can be used by the public and are not encumbered by
copyrights or patients. These formats are also called free file formats
and the specification for those formats and the specification for these
formats are usually sustained and maintained by a group of individuals
or organizations. Example of the formats are used in the storage for
open office and other free or open software. File format uses suffixes
that are added to the end of a filename, called filename extension the
file extension is means of identifying the format of the file, with a
period before it after the filename. The file extension has usually two
or more characters, although historically there were only three, but
modern operating systems of characters, more are now allowed.

46. Digital File Formats are classified into three major
groups:
1. Uncompressed or row format
- is usually used for storing original file format, it is a flexible form but
needs bigger memory to store.
2. Lossless file format
- is a file format that was compressed to replicate the original quality but
reduced file size. This type is ideal for storing important files ( images, audio
or video ).
3. Lossy file format
-compressed using approximation of its size .

47. IMAGE FILE FORMATS
- are means of storing and storing digital images , photos and
illustrations.
These are two types classified of Image File Format:
 Raster image File
 Vector Image File

48. A. Raster Image File
A. Raster Image File
- Is a mean of representing digital images bits of information for storage, which
translates into pixels when viewed on the screen. Majority of raster files are lossy.
B. Pixels
- Is the smallest information of an image. Image using pixels are usually
represented on dots or squares that are arranged and added together to form the
picture.
- The word PIXEL comes from the word picture (pix) and element (el).

49. Raster Image Files
- is a common formats you will encounter in the internet and with
many digital image files, such as those coming from digital cameras. The
raster image are stored as bit maps.
Examples:
JPEG
GIF
PNG files

50. The most common types of raster
image files
Filename Extension Description
.bmp Bitmap image file- is an image file format
developed and used on Microsoft windows
environment and is stored in a graphics File
format called device- independent bitmap and
has a file extension of .bmp or .dip. Not a
common format on the world wide web because
of its large file size.
.gif Graphic Interchange Format File – is an image
file format that is very popular on the World
Wide Web because of its portability and support
for animation.
.jpg JPEG Image file- standardized by the joint
Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is a common
method for photographic images as well as
transmission of photos on the world wide web
since it supports 24-bits per pixel color scheme.

51. Filename Extension Description
.png Portable Network Graphic (PNG) – is a free open-
source bitmap image format made to improve on
GIF which has small file but can handle more
colors since it supports 24- bit per pixel color
scheme and supports true color (16 million
colors).
.psd Photoshop Document (PSD) – is a native file
format for adobe Photoshop, and since many are
using this program to create images, it is very
popular. Photoshop has the ability to read all of
the above formats and edit them.

52. B. Vector Image or Vector Graphics Files
- are lossless files created using
mathematics geometric equations to
represent images in digital computer
graphics.

53. Vector graphics has the advantage of retaining its quality to any desired
image size, unlike raster images that appear pixilated when displayed in
expand image sizes.
Vector format or graphic is preferred for those who desire quality prints
and display of images.
Examples of this are type of formats are:
PDF
Encapsulated postscripts
Scalable Vector Graphics
Windows metafile

54. Types of vector image formats
Filename extension Description
.ai Adobe illustrator file-is the file extension
for graphics created using adobe
illustrator which is created using paths,
and lines connected by points instead of
bitmaps, which may include objects;
color, and text.
.drw Drawing file is a generic drawing created
and stored in a vector format that uses
lines or paths to present images. These
images are output of the following
programs:appleworks,microsoft picture it,
cord DRAW and paint shop pro.
.dxf Drawing exchange format file-is a drawing
format developed and introduced by
autodesk the maker of autocad and is
used for computer aided design (cad)
vector images.

55. Filename extension Description
.ps Postscript file- is a page
description language (pdl)
developed by adobe, basically a
language for printing documents
on laser printers and image
setter (high resolution printers)
used to produced camera ready
copies.
.sgv Scalable Vector Graphics (sgv) –
File is the most common vector
graphic format on the internet;
it was developed by the World
Wide Web consortium (w3c) to
display vector graphics.

56. Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout
LAYOUT
- is the process of planning and arranging graphics or text in a page.
GRAPHIC
- is an image or visual representation of an object. Therefore, computer
graphic are simply images displayed on a computer screen.
SYMMETRICAL
- There should be equal weights or elements on both side of the page.
ASSYMETRICAL
- It maybe asymmetrical when there is an artistic and different intensity on
one side of the page.

57. TEXT
- the text should be:
* legible
* Appropriate font face
* Left justified, right justified, center
* The flow of text should be easy to read
IMAGE
- the image should be:
* proportionate
* sharp in color
* with high resolution
* with appropriate captions

58. PROXIMITY and HARMONY
* the element should be closed together and scattered and arrange apart from
each other.
* elements should not be cluttered and not complete with each other.
CONSISTENCY
* there should be uniformity of theme on each page.
COLOR and SHAPE
* use color to create interest by providing variety in the design ( color contrast and
shape ).
EMPHASIS
* there should be one point of interest in a page.
* the elements to be emphasized should have a different size, color, shape, or
background.

59. Principles and basic
techniques of image
manipulation
There are various ways to
manipulate images like
resizing, cropping, adjusting
color background, balance
brightness and contrast,
combining photos, combining
text and photos, and clear
image to be used of a photo
editing too, you can improve
and edit the pictures to be able
to use them the way you want
to be able to send your
message to your message to
your viewers.

60. Techniques of Image Manipulation
BACKGROUND COLOR
- you can change the background if it does not match the image or
the totality of the presentation. You can also add effects to the
background.
MULTIPLE IMAGES
- you can combine multiple images to make a point or use to highlight
your message.
SHADOW
- using shadow effect will make the image realistic.
PROPORTION
- when combining images, resize the image to make it proportionate
and realistic.

61. BLENDING COLOR
- you can use color to match the background with the other
elements in the page.
TEXTURE
- adding texture allows you to blend different image.
Texture add to the depth of your art. Blending with allow
smooth transition of one image to anther.
EMPHASIS
- there should be a focal point to a page that will attract to the
viewers. The element you want to emphasize should be sharp, big
and most vibrant in your design.

62. Combining Text, Graphics and
Images
TRANSPARENT SHAPES
- add simple shapes with a slight transparency behind your text to clearly (
emphasis ) see the text you want to emphasize.
FONTS and SHAPES
- fonts and shapes should complement with each other. You can use rounded
shapes.
TEXT and BACKGROUND
- text and background should be aligned to have an organized look.
CLEAN and CLEAR BACKGROUND
- use a clean and clear background for the message to be readable.
Background should not washout your massage.

63. Basic Manipulation using offline or open
source software
Photo editing and designing tools allow
you to make manipulate or edit images,
apply effects filters, frames, crop, and
text.

64. * Various offline or open- source for
image editing *
1. PICASA – it is a Google's free photo manager to edit
and organize your photos.
2. PAINT.NET – it is a window-based alternative to the
MS paint editor. It is a free open source available in
windows.
3. GOOGLE SKETCH UP – it is fee, 3D modeling
program with tools that allows you to create 3D
models of houses, home, renovation, woodworks
and other dimensional accuracy.

65. 4. AUTODESK PIXEL – a free photo editing tool that is
similar to Photoshop and has more 600 effects.
5. ADOBE PHOTOSHOP – is a tool to create, modify, combine and
optimize digital photos and images. It is used to performed
changes.
6. GIMP or GNU Image Manipulation Program – is a free,
open-source image/ graphics editing program used for image
retouching and editing, free- farm drawing/ painting and other
specialized tasks.

66. INSTALLING GIMP
1. go to www.gimp.org
2. then click download
3. select download GIMO directly
4. run the GIMP installer
5. Click Install
6. Wait for it to finish the installation, then Click
Download.

67. GIMP BASICS
PARTS OF THE GIMP
WINDOWS
1. TOOLBOX – This is the part where the main tool are
located such as the tools used to crop, select, erase,
and more.
2. TOOL OPTION – located below the toolbox, here you
will be able to see the options for the currently
selected.
3. IMAGE WINDOW – this is where your works or image
will be shown. You will also have an option to open
multiple image at the same time.

68. 4. LAYERS DIALOG – this shows the layer structure of the images
shown in the image window. You will be allowed to
manipulate it in a variety of ways.
5. BRUSHES/ PATTERN/ GRAADIENTS – located below the layer
dialog, you will be able to see the choices of brush, patterns
and gradients that can be used in your work.

69. PRESENTATION
 Is a graphic program that allows you t create
slide shows presenting a topic, lecture,
demonstration to enlighten, educate,
communicate.
 allows you to organize, summarize and format
your materials
 Allows transitions, animation and sounds that
will captivate the audience a keep them
interested.

70. Examples:
1. ZOHO SHOW - an online presentation that features master slides,
template, customization the ability to insert videos/ images,
transitions/ animations, image editing, shape effects, and easy
flowchart building.
2. LINKED IN SHARE – is a web 2.0 based sliding hosting service. Users
can upload files privately or publicly in the ff. format:
PowerPoint, PDF, Keynote or open document presentations.
3. GOOGLES SLIDES - create a new presentation, and edit,
collaborate with others and present wherever you are free.

71. 4. SLIDE ROCKET – is an online presentation platform that lets users
create, manage, share and measure presentations. It is
provide via a SAAS model.
5. MS POWERPOINT – a slide show presentation program currently
developed by Microsoft.
6. PREZI – a cloud- based presentation software based on a software
as service model. The product employs a zooming user
interface ( ZUI ) which allows users to zoom in and out of their
presentation media.

72. Hands –on : using prezi to create a presentation creating a new prezi account:
1. Go to prezi.com
2. Click get started on the upper right corner 3.Sign up for a public
account
4. Fill in the boxes with the specified information
5.After providing information, click create your free public account.
*The Prezi Canvas*
Zooming in and out
1. To zoom in, just scroll the mouse upwards, and to zoom out, scroll the mouse
downwards.
2. To zoom in the frames, just like a frame and select zoom in to frame tool bar
3. To zoom out in the original overview, click the home button.

73. Moving around the canvas
1.To move around the canvas , click and hold, and drag the cursor to the
direction you want to go to.
Undo and Redo
1.To undo, just click the undo button, and the redo, click the redo
button.
Adding / Editing text
1.To add text, just click anywhere in the canvas , and start typing.
Or click to add tittle and type .
Adding/Editing frames
1. to add a frame, select the type of frame you would like, and drag the
shape with a plus sign anywhere you want in the canvas.
2.To edit the frame , click on the frame, and you can change the color
and type of the frame or delete it in the frame toolbar.

74. 3. You can move the frame around by clicking and holding
the hand, button, and then drag it at any direction.
4. You can increase or decrease the size of the frame by sliding
the sizing handle outward or toward the center, or you can use the
+ and – buttons
5. to add an image, shape, video, and other files to the frame,
click insert.

75. The Prezi Canvas
EDITING IMAGES
1. you can move the image around by clicking and holding the
hand button and moving it to any direction you want.
2.you can increase or decrease the size of the image by dragging
the sizing handle away or towards the center, or you can use the +
and – buttons.
3. you can rotate the photo by painting your mouse near any
sizing handle so you can click and hold a small circle beside it, and
rotate it at any direction.
4. you can enhance, add effects and frames to your photo by
selecting effects at the picture toolbar.

76. Editing the Background
1. Enter edit path mode by clicking edit path on the bottom left. A
star symbol will appear on each side of a path point or to a fame.
2. Click the Star symbol to enter Animation edit mode.
3. When you click or hover on an object, you will see a Green star
with a number, this represent the order which your content will
fade In.
4. you can review the animation by clicking the play button on the
top right corner.
5. To change the order, you can click the reset on the top left
corner to remove all the animation present in the frame.
6. on you can also remove the animation individually by hovering
over a green star until you see a delete button.
7. if you are satisfied with the order of your animation, click done