Java has been around for quite a while. Ever since its debut in 1995, it has gone through multiple versions, wide adoption, unexpected evolution turns and infinite number of things built using it. But what's new in the Java & JVM landscape? What's popular and what's lurking behind the corner to grab our attention into the next decade? Join us in this session as we start from a retrospective of the Java platform history. We'll look at how the term 'Java' is not just a single language, but a platform for others such as Scala, Groovy, and Kotlin, with examples of their usage. Next, we'll review some of the most popular frameworks around Java. Finally, we'll conclude with a review of ongoing efforts to improve the platform further and extend its reach, like project Valhalla and GraalVM . So if you're new to Java, or you've been around and want to learn what's new, join us on this session.

1. Java Turns 25
How Is It Faring and What Is Yet to Come
Michael Donkhin
Software Architect
michaeld@codevalue.net
http://codevalue.net

2. Preface
▪ “Java Is BORING!”
▪ Not for me
▪ Let me explain
2

3. What You Can Expect
▪ Brief history and ecosystem overview
▪ Examples of JVM languages with their distinctive feature
▪ Look at the current and future directions
▪ A lot of personal bias
3

4. Java History
4
1995
Initial
Release
1996
JDK 1.0
1999
Java2
J2EE 1.2
2003
Spring
Framework
2004
Scala,
Groovy
2007
OpenJDK
2014
Java8
2016
Kotlin
2018
Java11
2010
Oracle
2019
Commercial
Use Changes

5. Java Today: Frameworks
▪ Spring and the family
▪ Spring Boot, Helidon, Ktor, Micronaut, Quarkus – microservices
▪ Hadoop, Storm, Spark – Big Data
▪ Akka, Vert.x – alternative to microservices
▪ Gluon – cross-platform JavaFX
▪ Any area there is no Java?
5

6. Java Today: JDK Flavors
▪ OpenJDK
▪ Official Java SE
▪ Azul Zulu
▪ Corretto
…
6

7. Java Today: JVMs+
▪ Multiple JVMs
▪ HotSpot
▪ Eclipse OpenJ9
▪ GraalVM
▪ TornadoVM
…
7

8. Java Today: Java 6 vs Java 14 Preview
8

9. Not Java Only: Groovy
▪ Created as alternative to Java in 2003
▪ Widely used - Gradle and Jenkins
▪ Both dynamic and static
▪ Built-in collections API
▪ Metaprogramming
9

10. Not Java Only: Groovy
10

11. Not Java Only: Scala
▪ Same year as Groovy, different origin
▪ Multi-paradigm language – both object-oriented and functional
▪ Powerful custom generics and standard library
▪ Extensive support for syntax customization
▪ Sometimes – too powerful
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12. Not Java Only: Scala
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13. Not Java Only: Kotlin
▪ Developed by JetBrains
▪ Easier than Scala, more powerful than current Java
▪ Built-in null safety, coroutines, aliases…
▪ Preferred for Android applications from 2019
▪ JDK 1.6 compatible
▪ Multiple compilation targets
13

14. Not Java Only: Kotlin
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15. Into the Future: Project Amber
▪ Evolution of the Java language itself
▪ Incremental changes
▪ Responsible for all the new syntax additions since Java 10
▪ More to come in Java 15: sealed types, pattern matching
15

16. Into the Future: Project Valhalla
▪ Inline (value) types – (non-nullable + immutable + identity-less) == fast
▪ Specialized generics – things like List<int>, no more boxing
▪ Reified generics – generic arguments at runtime
▪ Requires VM changes
16

17. Into the Future: Graal VM
▪ Both JDK and JVM
▪ Modular and extensible, written in Java
▪ Native Image – ahead-of-time compilation
▪ Truffle framework – other programming languages
▪ LLVM runtime
▪ Built-in instrumentation, debugging APIs
▪ Can be used today
17

18. Into the Future: Graal VM
18

19. Summary
▪ Java is 25-young, alive and kicking
▪ Vibrant ecosystem
▪ It’s not just a single language
▪ Future is exciting
▪ Good place to be
19

20. Resources
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https://github.com/galenus/archnext-java25

21. Q
A
21

22. Michael Donkhin
Software Architect
michaeld@codevalue.net
http://codevalue.net