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A greenstick fracture occurs when one side of a bone breaks while the other side bends, which is common in children due to their softer bone structure. A compression fracture happens when a vertebra is squished, often caused by osteoporosis in older individuals. A spiral fracture is when the break spirals around the bone shaft and heals more slowly, typically resulting from a twisting injury. Typical signs of fractures include pain, swelling, bruising, and discoloration, and they are usually treated through surgery, casting, or implants along with rehabilitation.






