The report offer detailed study of OTC and prescription drugs market, key trends, driving forces and recent Mergers and acquisitions. The report also talks about future outlook of overall Japanese Pharmaceutical industry and demand for prescription and OTC drugs in coming years.
The us pharmaceutical industry outlook to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
The present report gives a detailed analysis on the Pharmaceutical market in the US covering various aspects such as market size of the pharmaceutical industry, market segmentation by Branded and Generic drugs, and Prescribed and OTC drugs and Biologics and specialty drugs segments.
The economics of medical research: Public/private spillovers and the rate of ...Office of Health Economics
Presentation on the 28th April 2016 at the Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. Jonathan Grant, Jon Sussex, Yan Feng, Jorge Mestre-Ferrandiz
(on behalf of Marco Hafner, Michele Pistollato and Peter Burridge)
The us pharmaceutical industry outlook to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
The present report gives a detailed analysis on the Pharmaceutical market in the US covering various aspects such as market size of the pharmaceutical industry, market segmentation by Branded and Generic drugs, and Prescribed and OTC drugs and Biologics and specialty drugs segments.
The economics of medical research: Public/private spillovers and the rate of ...Office of Health Economics
Presentation on the 28th April 2016 at the Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. Jonathan Grant, Jon Sussex, Yan Feng, Jorge Mestre-Ferrandiz
(on behalf of Marco Hafner, Michele Pistollato and Peter Burridge)
This ppt gives an overview of the Indian Pharmaceutical sector. We have concentrated on 5 aspects of the sector and analysed it. The covered heads are history, business model, Marketing, Competitor analysis, Financials and Trends.
REPORT HIGHLIGHTS * The global excipients market was at $4.6 billion in 2010 and it is expected to reach at $4.9 billion in 2011. It is further anticipated to increase to $6.7 billion by 2016 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5%. * The market for organic chemicals was at $4.3 billion approximately in 2010 and it is expected to reach at $4.5 billion in 2011. It is further anticipated to increase to $6.3 billion by 2016 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.6%. * The market for inorganic chemicals was at $248 million approximately in 2010 and it is expected to reach at $268 millions in 2011. It is further anticipated to increase to $350 million by 2016 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5%.INTRODUCTIONREASON FOR THE STUDYAmong the significant forces that continue to affect the global excipients industry in 2011 are a crisis in the global supply chain, the demands of Quality by Design (QbD), and worries about drug safety. Positive trends include the development of creative ideas in response to the need for new excipients and new levels of cooperation between major players (e.g., Dow and Colorcon). These forces are reshaping the global market for excipients.GOALS AND OBJECTIVESThe primary goals of this technical/market report are to provide a detailed analysis of the current excipients market and a forecast of what the market will look like in 5 years. The specific objectives are (1) identify excipients being used; (2) quantify global market volume; (3) track important developments; (4) analyze the structure of the industry and its driving forces; (5) examine the most active companies and describe how they respond to market demands; and (6) provide data with which the reader can further evaluate the industry.AUDIENCEAs a market and technology summary, this report consolidates a wide range of industrial and technical information that should aid excipient suppliers, chemical companies, drug manufacturers, healthcare regulators, and congressional staffers to stay current with today's market. The report should be of value to companies interested in entering or expanding their involvement in the field. The report should provide senior marketing personnel and executive planners with insight about what materials can best satisfy customer demands. Market projections may be of interest to venture capitalists interested in exploring commercialization opportunities, as well as companies and personnel involved in designing and constructing chemical and excipient manufacturing plants and/or those who service such plants. The report offers useful background to consultants in the field. The report can serve as an introductory resource for newcomers to the business, including new employees. In addition, the report can offer background to governmental officials examining reform. SCOPE OF REPORTExcipients in Pharmaceuticals offers coverage of the most important issues surrounding excipients: technological, regulatory, economic, and political issues, and so on. Excluded from the study are ingredients for cosmetics, personal care, food, quasi-medical, unorthodox, alternative, home remedies, underground and/or illegal drugs, and veterinary drugs.This report organizes information from diverse sources into sections entitled Summary, Overview, Technology, Industry Structure, and Company Profiles. The Summary encapsulates several key conclusions and includes a table of market findings. The Overview provides deep background information on the most important issues of the day, including the global supply chain crisis, QbD, and legislative prospects. The Technology section examines excipients by chemical compounds, functional uses, and delivery systems, and as finished products. The Industry Structure section discusses the market environment, strategies, influences, market shares, international aspects, and other related factors. The Company Profiles segment provides summaries of more than 120 companies that
To date, the Indian pharma market has been dominated by the trade/retail segment. This is unlike most mature
markets globally which usually operate in a multi-channeled business model involving
not only trade outlets, but also hospitals, over-the-counter and retail chains. However, in light of the increasing demand for quality care in hospitals, as well as
increased government spending and recent regulatory changes, India is slowly evolving
into a multi-channel market. The most striking aspect of this shifting paradigm is the
increasing dominance of the hospital segment.
2014 Profile: Biopharmaceutical Research IndustryPhRMA
Biopharmaceutical science is a complex, collaborative, resource-intensive enterprise. It requires a highly skilled workforce, sustained investment, and long-term vision. Critical to its success are policies and regulations that foster innovation and broad access to new medicines. By working together—on the science, the research and the policies—we
can help ensure that medicines live up to patients’ hope for new solutions to our greatest health care challenges.
The Hospitals and Outpatient Care Centers Market Analytics Report (http://bit.ly/2a34J1U) provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the global hospitals and outpatient care centers and compare it with other markets and across geographies.
Buy Now
Hospitals and Outpatient Care Centers Global Market Analytics Report is a detailed report giving a unique insight into this market. The report is priced at $2000 for an individual user. To use across your office the price is $3000 and $4000 if you wish to use across a multinational company.
Clients are able to input on the design of the report and highlight points of special interest.
Charcot Marie tooth disease is one of the hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies, a group of varied inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system characterized by progressive loss of muscle tissue and touch sensation across various parts of the body.
We've helped investors navigate the dynamic BioPharma industry for decades. Our flagship Global Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Outlook maps the highs and lows of the year, assessing the critical success factors that can shape the industry's future.
Based on extensive research and comprehensive data analysis, this volume is a ready reference for monitoring new developments and their investment and strategic implications. From the macro analysis of over 200 companies arise ~60+ actionable capsules categorized into Global Pharma, Japanese Pharma, Mature Biotech, Rising Stars (unprofitable biotech) and Indian Pharma.
This ppt gives an overview of the Indian Pharmaceutical sector. We have concentrated on 5 aspects of the sector and analysed it. The covered heads are history, business model, Marketing, Competitor analysis, Financials and Trends.
REPORT HIGHLIGHTS * The global excipients market was at $4.6 billion in 2010 and it is expected to reach at $4.9 billion in 2011. It is further anticipated to increase to $6.7 billion by 2016 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5%. * The market for organic chemicals was at $4.3 billion approximately in 2010 and it is expected to reach at $4.5 billion in 2011. It is further anticipated to increase to $6.3 billion by 2016 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.6%. * The market for inorganic chemicals was at $248 million approximately in 2010 and it is expected to reach at $268 millions in 2011. It is further anticipated to increase to $350 million by 2016 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5%.INTRODUCTIONREASON FOR THE STUDYAmong the significant forces that continue to affect the global excipients industry in 2011 are a crisis in the global supply chain, the demands of Quality by Design (QbD), and worries about drug safety. Positive trends include the development of creative ideas in response to the need for new excipients and new levels of cooperation between major players (e.g., Dow and Colorcon). These forces are reshaping the global market for excipients.GOALS AND OBJECTIVESThe primary goals of this technical/market report are to provide a detailed analysis of the current excipients market and a forecast of what the market will look like in 5 years. The specific objectives are (1) identify excipients being used; (2) quantify global market volume; (3) track important developments; (4) analyze the structure of the industry and its driving forces; (5) examine the most active companies and describe how they respond to market demands; and (6) provide data with which the reader can further evaluate the industry.AUDIENCEAs a market and technology summary, this report consolidates a wide range of industrial and technical information that should aid excipient suppliers, chemical companies, drug manufacturers, healthcare regulators, and congressional staffers to stay current with today's market. The report should be of value to companies interested in entering or expanding their involvement in the field. The report should provide senior marketing personnel and executive planners with insight about what materials can best satisfy customer demands. Market projections may be of interest to venture capitalists interested in exploring commercialization opportunities, as well as companies and personnel involved in designing and constructing chemical and excipient manufacturing plants and/or those who service such plants. The report offers useful background to consultants in the field. The report can serve as an introductory resource for newcomers to the business, including new employees. In addition, the report can offer background to governmental officials examining reform. SCOPE OF REPORTExcipients in Pharmaceuticals offers coverage of the most important issues surrounding excipients: technological, regulatory, economic, and political issues, and so on. Excluded from the study are ingredients for cosmetics, personal care, food, quasi-medical, unorthodox, alternative, home remedies, underground and/or illegal drugs, and veterinary drugs.This report organizes information from diverse sources into sections entitled Summary, Overview, Technology, Industry Structure, and Company Profiles. The Summary encapsulates several key conclusions and includes a table of market findings. The Overview provides deep background information on the most important issues of the day, including the global supply chain crisis, QbD, and legislative prospects. The Technology section examines excipients by chemical compounds, functional uses, and delivery systems, and as finished products. The Industry Structure section discusses the market environment, strategies, influences, market shares, international aspects, and other related factors. The Company Profiles segment provides summaries of more than 120 companies that
To date, the Indian pharma market has been dominated by the trade/retail segment. This is unlike most mature
markets globally which usually operate in a multi-channeled business model involving
not only trade outlets, but also hospitals, over-the-counter and retail chains. However, in light of the increasing demand for quality care in hospitals, as well as
increased government spending and recent regulatory changes, India is slowly evolving
into a multi-channel market. The most striking aspect of this shifting paradigm is the
increasing dominance of the hospital segment.
2014 Profile: Biopharmaceutical Research IndustryPhRMA
Biopharmaceutical science is a complex, collaborative, resource-intensive enterprise. It requires a highly skilled workforce, sustained investment, and long-term vision. Critical to its success are policies and regulations that foster innovation and broad access to new medicines. By working together—on the science, the research and the policies—we
can help ensure that medicines live up to patients’ hope for new solutions to our greatest health care challenges.
The Hospitals and Outpatient Care Centers Market Analytics Report (http://bit.ly/2a34J1U) provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the global hospitals and outpatient care centers and compare it with other markets and across geographies.
Buy Now
Hospitals and Outpatient Care Centers Global Market Analytics Report is a detailed report giving a unique insight into this market. The report is priced at $2000 for an individual user. To use across your office the price is $3000 and $4000 if you wish to use across a multinational company.
Clients are able to input on the design of the report and highlight points of special interest.
Charcot Marie tooth disease is one of the hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies, a group of varied inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system characterized by progressive loss of muscle tissue and touch sensation across various parts of the body.
We've helped investors navigate the dynamic BioPharma industry for decades. Our flagship Global Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Outlook maps the highs and lows of the year, assessing the critical success factors that can shape the industry's future.
Based on extensive research and comprehensive data analysis, this volume is a ready reference for monitoring new developments and their investment and strategic implications. From the macro analysis of over 200 companies arise ~60+ actionable capsules categorized into Global Pharma, Japanese Pharma, Mature Biotech, Rising Stars (unprofitable biotech) and Indian Pharma.
The U.S. Biopharmaceutical Industry (2014): Perspectives on Future Growth and...PhRMA
The capability to innovate is fast becoming the most important determinant of economic growth and a nation’s ability to compete and prosper in the 21st century global knowledge-based economy.
The innovative biopharmaceutical industry stands out among high-value knowledge-based industries, including aerospace, automotive, and semiconductors, as a driver for future U.S. economic growth. Aging populations throughout the world and rising purchasing power for medical advances among emerging economies are expected to drive increased demand for prescription medicines in the coming years, providing opportunities to increase production and exports.
Digital marketing Plan for Food Processing CompanyKavish Arora
Hello Everyone!
This is a Digital Marketing Plan made while working with DigiStreet Media that contains an overhaul of the strategies suggested to Kerry Foods (a food processing company) that could help them to stand out well in Indian Markets.
This digital road map would help you to analyze how can you do a competitive analyses and suggest the client best possible mediums and ways to market themselves.
Interested in making yours ?
Leave a message here - www.digistreetmedia.com
China pharmaceutical industry research & forecast to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
The present title on “China Pharmaceutical Industry Research and Forecast to 2016” offer detailed study on drugs market in terms of OTC, Patent and Generic drugs. Also assess industry performance in terms of recent developments, driving forces, regulatory structure, economy environment and political situation.
Download Japan generics drug market outlook 2020KuicK Research
“Japan Generics Drug Market Outlook 2020” Report Highlights:
Introduction to Japanese Generic Drug Market
Attractiveness of Japanese Generic Market
Super Generics in Japan
Japan Healthcare System & Generic Drugs
Different Parameters for Generic & Branded Drugs
Comparison of Generic Drugs in US & Japan
Japan Generics Drug Market Analysis
Japan Generics Drug Market Future Prospects
Japan generics drug market outlook 2020Rajesh Sarma
“Japan Generics Drug Market Outlook 2020” Report Highlights:
Introduction to Japanese Generic Drug Market
Attractiveness of Japanese Generic Market
Super Generics in Japan
Japan Healthcare System & Generic Drugs
Different Parameters for Generic & Branded Drugs
Comparison of Generic Drugs in US & Japan
Japan Generics Drug Market Analysis
Japan Generics Drug Market Future Prospects
The report contains the following four chapters:
Chapter 1: Global Pharmaceutical Market
Chapter 2: Solutions to Challenges
Chapter 3: Global Players
Chapter 4: Overview of Industry Trends
You may follow my blog: biostrategyanalytics.wordpress.com for further posts related to financial and strategic issues in the Pharmaceutical / Biotechnology sector.
For any questions or recommendations do not hesitate to contact me.
Market research for Indian Pharmaceutical Market switching over from prescribed to OTC products. Scope of Indian Pharmaceutical OTC market, opportunities and challenges.
Industry Coverage Report on Indian Pharmaceuticals Sector which encapsulates the structure, drivers, key trends, concentration and current scenario. Prepared by me in association with the Alpha Investment & Research Club, FMS Delhi.
This is a Equity Research Report on Pharmaceutical Industry.
Various ratios of company is compared with industry ratios and tried to evaluate the potential of the stock of the company whether to buy, sell or hold. This may help you to understand interpretation of various financial ratios.
Pharmaceutical market india a comprehensive industry analysis - Reports CornerReports Corner
"1.0 Summary
“Pharmaceutical Market: India, A Competitive Industry Analysis” by Kelly Scientific Publications is a comprehensive report on the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in India and its impact on international markets. This report scrutinises top Indian pharmacos and their battle within domestic and international therapeutic markets. The business environment in which they compete is analysed as are key drivers, constraints, challenges and opportunities.
The Indian pharmaceutical market is set to become the eight largest pharma market globally by 2015. In 2012 it was worth $13 billion. It is forecast to reach $50 billion by 2015 and increase its dominance as a leading player in Asia. It is predicted that the Indian pharma market will be a significant global competitor by 2020 with an expected worth of up to $74 billion.
This report describes the current therapeutics that are propelling the biopharmaceutical market in India. It examines the current economic climate and how India compares to other emerging markets and also evolved markets such as the US and Europe. Current developments relating to patent expirations, government funding, and regulations are discussed. The emerging trends that appear in key sub-markets such as generics, oncology, cardiovascular, diabetes and vaccines are elucidated and analysed.
This study reveals market figures of the overall Indian pharmaceutical market and sub-markets. Forecast projections and future growth rates are provided to give the reader a forthcoming perspective of this growing industry.
https://www.reportscorner.com/reports/15826/Pharmaceutical-Market:-India-A-Comprehensive-Industry-Analysis/
Global Healthcare IT Market Outlook to 2016 - Evolving mHealth and PACS MarketAMMindpower
The report titled “Global Healthcare IT Market Outlook to 2016 – Evolving mHealth and PACS Market” provides a comprehensive analysis on the total number of Global healthcare IT market size, segmentation of healthcare IT market, EMR segment, PACS market, Telemedicine market, telemonitoring market and mHealth market. The report provides the competitive landscape of global healthcare IT market, global EMR market and global PACS market. The report also discusses major trends and developments in the global mHealth and Healthcare IT market, company profile players, and the cause and effect relationship between industry factors and global healthcare IT market prospects. The future projections included in the report provide an insight on the prospects in the Global healthcare IT market, EMR market, mHealth market, telemedicine market, telemonitoring market and PACS market.
For more information on the industry research report please refer to the below mentioned link:
http://www.ammindpower.com/report.php?A=302&T=D&S=91
The Indian Innerwear Market Outlook to 2015 - Growth Opportunity for Internat...AMMindpower
The report provides a comprehensive analysis of market size of men’s and women’s innerwear on the basis of value and volume, market segmentation by organized, unorganized, low, economy, medium, premium, super premium and average selling price.
For more information on the industry research report please refer to the below mentioned link:
http://www.ammindpower.com/report.php?A=301&T=D&S=95
Asia Pacific Animal Health Care Market Outlook to 2016 - Compelling Potential...AMMindpower
The report titled “Asia Pacific Animal Health Care Market Outlook to 2016 –compelling potential in vaccine segment” provides a comprehensive analysis of market size of global and Asia pacific animal health care industry, market segmentation of Asia Pacific animal health care industry by geography, pharmaceuticals, vaccines, medical feeds and on the basis of animals. The report also provides competitive landscape and profile of major players operating in the animal health care industry.
For more information on the research report please refer to the below mentioned link:
http://www.ammindpower.com/report.php?A=299&T=D&S=91
Global Animal Health Care Market Outlook to 2016 - Growth Opportunity in the ...AMMindpower
The report titled “Global Animal Health Care Market Outlook to 2016 - Growth Ppportunity in the Emerging Asia” provides a comprehensive analysis of market size of animal health care industry on the basis of region such as Asia Pacific, Europe, North America and Latin America, market segmentation by pharmaceuticals, vaccines, medical feeds and on the basis of animals. The report also provides competitive landscape and profile of major players operating in the animal health care industry.
For more information on the research report please refer to the below mentioned link:
Brazil petroleum and natural gas market outlook to 2016 executive summaryAMMindpower
The report titled “Brazil Petroleum and Natural Gas Market Outlook to 2016 - Opportunities in Pre-Salt Region” provides a comprehensive analysis of market size of petroleum and natural gas industry on the basis of petroleum industry and natural gas industry.
Indian auto components industry outlook edition 2012AMMindpower
The report Focus on Automotive Chains’ OEM and Replacement Market” focuses on several growth aspects of the industry and various factors which pose challenges.
Europe crop protection industry outlook to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
The present title analyses market size of herbicides, fungicide, insecticides and bio-pesticides, micro-nutrients and adjuvant segments in the Europe region with major focus on France, Germany, Italy and Spain. It highlights company profiles, future outlook of the industry and major driving forces.
Global crop protection industry outlook to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
Report includes performance of agrochemical market, herbicides, fungicide, insecticides and bio-pesticides, micro-nutrients and adjuvant segments with coverage of Europe, Asia and NAFTA region and 9 countries including the US, Canada, India, China, Japan, Germany, France, Italy and Spain.
Global crop protection industry outlook to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
Report includes performance of agrochemical market, herbicides, fungicide, insecticides and bio-pesticides, micro-nutrients and adjuvant segments with coverage of Europe, Asia and NAFTA region and 9 countries including the US, Canada, India, China, Japan, Germany, France, Italy and Spain.
Europe crop protection industry outlook to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
The present title analyses market size of herbicides, fungicide, insecticides and bio-pesticides, micro-nutrients and adjuvant segments in the Europe region with major focus on France, Germany, Italy and Spain. It highlights company profiles, future outlook of the industry and major driving forces.
The us replacement tires industry outlook to 2016 sample reportAMMindpower
The present report offer detailed analysis on the US replacement tire industry with market size by value & volume, segmentation, regulations, competition and players profiling. Industry forecasting is an important part of the report which may help industry players to make strategies accordingly.
Middle east real estate market outlook sample reportAMMindpower
The present report provides a comprehensive study on the Middle East’s real estate market with a focus on the reduced household budget allocation of the tenants. The report covers seven countries such as Saudi Arabia, Egypt, UAE (including Northern Emirates, Dubai and Abu Dhabi), Jordan, Oman Kuwait and Qatar on the basis of supply and revenue. It also discusses the segments of the market, competitive landscape and profile of major players.
Asia has taken a Lead as One of The Most Preferred Destination for Medical To...AMMindpower
The report titled “Asia Medical Tourism Industry Outlook to 2015 - The Destination for Foreign Patients” highlights the above mentioned fact along with the detailed analysis of the various aspects of the medical tourism such as number of foreign patients, cost of treatment, foreign patient’s revenue and medical tourists.
For more information please refer to the below mentioned link:
http://www.ammindpower.com/report.php?A=240
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Industry Snapshot
1.1. Global Market Overview
2. Japan Healthcare Sector
2.1. Pharmaceutical Market Size
Impact of Earthquake and Tsunami over Pharmaceutical Industry in Japan
Pharmacies
2.2. Japan Pharmaceutical Market Forecasts
3. Drugs Classification and Market Size
3.1. Classification by Distribution Channels
3.1.1. Ethical/Prescription Drugs
3.1.2. Over the Counter Drugs (OTC)
OTC Drugs Demand by Major Categories
3.2. Industry Forecast by Distribution Channels
3.3. Classification by Type of Drugs
3.3.1. Patent Drugs
3.3.2. Generic Drugs
4. Growth Drivers
Chronic Diseases
Rapidly Aging Population
Rising Medical care Expenditures
Consumer Expenditure
Health Insurance and Life Expectancy
5. Industry Developments
5.1. Recent Trends
5.2. Recent Pharmaceutical Industry M&A Activities
5.3. Regulatory Structure
5.4. Key Issues
2
3. 6. Country Analysis
6.1. Key Findings
6.2. Political Environment
6.2.1. Government Policy
6.3. Macro-economic Indicators
6.3.1. GDP Recovery and Growth
6.3.2. Population
7. Industry Competition and Players Profiling
7.1. Competitive Landscape
7.2. Takeda
7.2.1. Business Overview
7.2.2. Key Financials
7.2.3. Key Findings
7.3. Astellas
7.3.1. Business Overview
7.3.2. Key Financials
7.3.3. Key Findings
7.4. Daiichi Sankyo Group
7.4.1. Business Overview
7.4.2. Key Financials
7.5. Roche (Chugai)
7.5.1. Business Overview
7.5.2. Key Financials
8. Appendix
8.1. Abbreviations
8.2. Definitions
8.3. Research Methodology
Data Collection Methods
3
5. LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Global Pharmaceutical Market by Value (2006-2011E)
Figure 2: Japan Pharmaceutical Sales by Facility in 2010 & 2011E
Figure 3: Japan Pharmaceutical Industry Revenues (2006-2011E)
Figure 4: Japan Pharmaceutical Industry Forecast (2011-2016)
Figure 5: Share of Drugs by Distribution Channels in (2006-2011)
Figure 6: Prescription Drugs Retail Sales by Value (2006-2011E)
Figure 7: OTC Drug Retail Sales by Value (2006-2011E)
Figure 8: Prescription Drugs Retail Sales Forecast by Value (2011-2016)
Figure 9 : OTC Drugs Retail Sales Forecast by value (2011-2016)
Figure 10: Generic Drugs Retail Sales by Value in Japan (2009-2011E)
Figure 11: Japan Aging Population (2006-2010)
Figure 12: Japan Medical Care Expenditures (2006-2010)
Figure 13: Medical Care Insurance (2006-2008)
Figure 14: Japan GDP (at current prices) (2006-2010)
Figure 15: Japan Total Population (2006-2010)
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6. LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Global Pharmaceutical Market by Geography (2009, 2010 & 2011E)
Table 2: Number of Pharmacies by Territories in Japan 2010
Table 3: Health Food/Vitamin Import by volume and value (2006-2010)
Table 4: Common OTC Drugs Classification and Market by Value (2006-2011E)
Table 5: Health care Sector in Japan (2005-2010E)
Table 6: Foreign Acquisitions by Japanese Pharmaceutical Companies (2007-2010)
Table 7 : Country Overview
Table 8: Japanese Economy (2010-2012)
Table 9: Leading Pharmaceutical Manufacturers in Japan in 2010
Table 10: Comparison of Key Financials in 2010
Table 11: Players Market Share in Ethical Drugs Segment in 2010
Table 12: Takeda Revenue by Geography (2010&2011)
Table 13: Astellas Revenue by Geography (2006-2010)
Table 14: Roche (Chugai) Financials
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7. GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW
The trend towards healthy lifestyles and rising healthcare awareness has become a global
phenomenon. In the first quarter of 2010, advertising expenditures on pharmaceutical
products grew 3.60% compared to the same period last
Japan is the second largest year, generating USD ~ billion revenues. Japan is the
market for pharmaceuticals,
second largest market for pharmaceuticals, accounting for
accounting for 11.20% share in
global pharmaceutical industry 11.20% share in global pharmaceutical industry. The
impact of recent economic turmoil was not much over
domestic pharmaceutical companies due to an increase in value of Japanese currency against
USD.
Figure: Global Pharmaceutical Market by Value (2006-2011E)
1,000
900
800
700
600
USD Billion
500
400
300
200
100
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011E
Table: Global Pharmaceutical Market by Geography (2009, 2010 & 2011E)
2009 2010 2011E
US
Japan
Europe
Others
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8. JAPAN HEALTHCARE SECTOR
The Japanese government is introducing changes in the pharmaceutical industry policies to
make it more transparent and to control counterfeiting of medicines. Government and
healthcare agencies are planning to increase spending on technologies to improve R&D and
manufacturing of drugs.
PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET SIZE
Drug stores, hospitals and clinics account for the largest demand for pharmaceuticals while
supermarkets and other confectionary stores (permitted to keep general cold and flu
medicines) account for only a small percentage of demand. Pharmacies and drug stores hold
51.30% share in terms of sales of pharmaceuticals followed by hospitals and clinics.
Figure 1: Japan Pharmaceutical Sales by Facility in 2010 & 2011E
120%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Hospitals Clinics Pharmecies & Drug Others
Stores
2010 2011E
Note: Hospitals include both small & large in size
In 2009, pharmaceuticals market in the
In 2010, Japanese pharmaceutical country grew 8.67% to USD ~ billion. This
industry recorded USD 96.13 billion growth was mainly driven by the treatment of
revenues and grew almost at a steady
chronic diseases and government healthcare
rate in 2011
spending. During the same year, some leading
pharmaceutical companies in Japan witnessed slow growth in sales due to fall in demand in
some categories of medicines such as energy drinks, vitamins, Systemic Antibacterial,
8
9. Calcium Antagonists and expensive drugs used to treat dementia and other chronic
conditions.
In 2010, Japanese pharmaceutical industry recorded USD ~ billion revenues and grew by
5.79% in 2011.
Figure: Japan Pharmaceutical Industry Revenues (2006-2011)
120
100
80
USD Billion
60
40
20
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011E
PHARMACIES
According to MHLW, in 2010, there were ~ pharmacies 1 in Japan, accounting for 42.00% per
100,000 populations while ~ convenience stores were recorded. Saga, Hiroshima, Fukuoka,
Yamaguchi and Kochi has most number of pharmacies; the large numbers of pharmacies
represent high demand for drugs.
1
The on-site pharmacies in hospitals are referred to as dispensing facilities and are not managed by the MHLW, they are
not included in the number of pharmacies
9
10. Table: Number of Pharmacies by Territories in Japan 2010
Pharmacies
Rank Prefectures Number Per 100 thousand population
1 Saga
2 Hiroshima
3 Fukuoka
4 Yamaguchi
5 Kochi
6 Tokushima
7 Tokyo
8 Kagawa
9 Nagasaki
10 Miyazaki
11 Kagoshima
12 Miyagi
13 Yamanashi
14 Akita
15 Gifu
16 Tottori
17 Niigata
18 Oita
19 Iwate
20 Shizuoka
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11. JAPAN PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET FORECAST
Japanese pharmaceutical industry is expected to grow at a slow rate due to government
reforms in healthcare policy aiming to control rising healthcare cost and uneven demand from
outside Japan. The market is expected to rebound by 2014 at 2.60% growth rate. The
Japanese pharmaceutical industry is expected to grow at a CAGR 2.65% from 2011 to 2016
reaching USD ~ billion.
Figure: Japan Pharmaceutical Industry Forecast (2011-2016)
125
120
115
USD Billion
110
105
100
95
90
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
CLASSIFICATION BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
In Japan, prescription drugs accounted for the largest share of the market which is close to
93.00%. Although, OTC drugs accounted for a small percentage of the market but its share is
expected to improve from 2012 onwards.
11
12. Figure: Share of Drugs by Distribution Channels in (2006-2011) 2
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Prescription Drugs OTC Drugs
ETHICAL/PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
The Prescription drugs accounts for the largest share
The prescription drugs sales in
of total drugs sale in the country but a slow fall in its
the third quarter (July-Sep) of
market share is expected to start from 2012 onwards
2011 grew 4.70% compared to
same period in 2010 influenced by falling patent drugs retail sales growth.
In 2011, estimated prescription drugs sales by value
reached USD ~ billion. During the third quarter 2011, prescription drugs retail sales showed a
growth of 4.70% as compared to results generated in the Q3 2010 and in terms of value USD
~ billion.
Figure: Prescription Drugs Retail Sales by Value (2006-2011E)
100
90
80
USD Billion
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011E
2
Here we have categorized drugs in two segments prescription drugs and OTC drugs. Drugs for household delivery have
been included in prescription drugs
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13. OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS (OTC)
Government initiative to deregulate pharmaceutical industry in Japan brought changes in
OTC structure wherein certain OTC drugs became quasi 3 to make available at general retail
stores such as convenience stores. In 2011, OTC
In 2011, OTC market grew by 4.26% market grew by 4.26% from previous year and its
from previous year and its share in
share in total pharmaceutical drugs market
total pharmaceutical drugs market
reached 6.98% reached 6.98% although this percentage was low
from 2010 results.
Figure: OTC Drug Retail Sales by Value (2006-2011E)
8
7
6
5
USD Billion
4
3
2
1
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011E
OTC DRUGS DEMAND BY MAJOR CATEGORIES
Cold and Flu (C&F) Medicines
Cold & flu medicines are always on demand and account for a significant share of OTC
segment. Rise and fall on demand depends upon
Retail sales of cold and flu weather conditions, spending power and behavior
medicines grew by 3.88% in
pattern. Demand for OTC cold and flu medicines is
Japan
not stable in the country. The retail sales of cold and
flu medicines grew by 3.88% in Japan reaching USD ~ million in 2010.
3 Quasi drugs are defined as medications that are milder in effect than regular drugs and are safe to be purchased without
advice from medical experts, such as pharmacists.
13
14. Health Food and Vitamins Market
The 2009 vitamin preparations market import fell compared to the figures recorded a year
back. In 2010, the total import of health food and vitamins reached ~ tons but on the other
hand, the total amount of imported vitamin powder decreased in 2010 due to the fall in unit
price led by price competition for end-products.
Table: Health Food/Vitamin Import by volume and value (2006-2010)
Volume Value
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Homogenised composite food preparations
Panax Genseng and extracts
Food supplement with a basis of vitamins
Total Vitamin powder
Vitamin A
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B2
Vitamin B3/Vitamin B5
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Total vitamin preparations
Other vitamins
Vitamin preparations
Total
Note: Volume in Tons, Figures in JPY Yen million
Digestive Medicines
Growth in this segment is uncertain,
The Japanese digestive medicines segment is depending upon changing lifestyle,
witnessing a continuous fall in shipment by environment, and awareness of cause and
volume and value from last four years
effect of health problems. The estimated
market size of digestive medicines is USD
~ million in 2011.
14
15. Table: Common OTC Drugs Classification and Market by Value (2006-2011E)
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011E
Cold & Flu Medicines
Health Drink
Digestive Medicines
Note: Figures in USD Million
INDUSTRY FORECAST BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
In coming years prescription drugs demand is expected to show mixed results; initially from
2011-2013 it is expected to witness fall in growth rate and from 2014 onwards is expected to
witness a positive growth trend, although growth rate will be low compared to historical
performance. Prescription drugs share in overall pharmaceutical market is also expected to
decline from 93.01% in 2011 to 91.58% in 2016.
The overall prescription drugs sales is expected to register slow growth reaching USD ~
billion by 2016 at a CAGR 2.39% from 2011-2016.
Figure: Prescription Drugs Retail Sales Forecast by Value (2011-2016)
120
115
USD Billion
110
105
100
95
90
2011E 2012F 2013F 2014F 2015F 2016F
Vitamins, Antiallergic, skincare and Antibiotics will push the OTC drugs demand which
currently account for a small share of the overall pharmaceutical industry in Japan. OTC
drugs market is expected to grow at CAGR 6.22% from 2011-2016.
15
16. Figure: OTC Drugs Retail Sales Forecast by value (2011-2016)
12
10
USD Billion
8
6
4
2
0
2011E 2012F 2013F 2014F 2015F 2016F
CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE OF DRUGS
Drugs are categorized in two segments: Patent and Generic.
PATENT DRUGS
Patent can be applied or granted, this way a company receives an exclusive right to produce a
drug using certain process which cannot be copied. In 2010, ~% prescription drugs revenues
were generated by patented drugs in Japan.
GENERIC DRUGS
In Japan, generic drug market is in development stage, presently accounted for only ~% (by
volume) and 6.75% (by value) of the total drug sales in 2010. By the end of 2012,
government officials are expecting generics sales volume to increase by 30% from 22.60% in
2010. This growth will be driven by cost cutting in many patented drugs by government,
expiry of major drugs patents by 2012 and pressure on hospitals and clinics to support this
initiative. By value, generics market reached USD ~ billion in 2010 as compared to USD ~
billion in 2009 and is further expected to cross USD ~ billion by 2014.
16
17. Figure: Generic Drugs Retail Sales by Value in Japan (2009-2011E)
7.2
7
6.8
USD Billion
6.6
6.4
6.2
6
5.8
5.6
2009 2010 2011E
COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
In recent years, many foreign companies entered in the Japanese pharmaceutical industry to
compete with domestic players in developing generics market. Many international firms such
as Mylan, Sandoz, Teva, Hospira, Actavis, Ranbaxy, Lupin, and Zydus have entered in the
market using different modes. Also, many small domestic players are entering into joint
ventures with large pharmaceutical companies to expand their reach and compete with large
foreign companies.
Table: Leading Pharmaceutical Manufacturers in Japan in 2010
Domestic Sales
Manufacturer (in billions of yen) Japan Ranking Market Share
Takeda
Astellas
Taiyo 4
Eisai
Daiichi Sankyo Group
4
Teva acquired a 57% stake in 2H2011
17
18. Table: Comparison of Key Financials in 2010
Takeda Astellas Eisai
Earnings Per Share (Yen)
Return on equity (ROE)
Operating Margin (%)
Net Profit Margin (%)
Asset Turnover (%)
Source: Company Reports
Table: Players Market Share in Ethical Drugs Segment
Companies in Ethical Drugs Segment Market Share %
Takeda Yakuhin Kogyo
Astellas Seiyaku
Daiichi Sankyo
Mitsubishi Tanabe
Chugai Seiyaku
Eisai
For more information please refer to the below mentioned link:
info@ammindpower.com
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