The document is the Cisco Voice over IP Volume 1 student guide. It provides an overview of VoIP essentials such as components of a VoIP network and VoIP functions. It also describes various VoIP signaling protocols like H.323, MGCP, SIP, and SCCP. Finally, it discusses media transmission protocols including RTP, RTCP, cRTP, and SRTP. The guide is intended to advance the professional goals of students and give them expertise in VoIP.
일반전화는 일반전화망을 통해 신호와 음성을 전달하구요. 이 두 망을 흐르는 신호는 영어와 중국어처럼 전혀 다른 언어를 사용합니다. 그런데도 우리는 일반전화에서 인터넷전화로 전화를 걸 수 있고 그 반대도 당연히 가능합니다. 어떻게 서로 다른 말을 사용하는 두 신호가 서로의 말을 알아듣고 신호를 전달할 수 있을까요?
여기에서는 이렇게 서로 다른 언어를 사용하는 두 전화망 사이에서 신호를 서로가 이해할 수 있는 신호로 번역해주는 SG와 TG를 소개하겠습니다.
This document discusses JPNE's experiences with MAP-E, an IPv4 over IPv6 transition technology. MAP-E allows JPNE to operate their dual-stack network with easy management, no session logging, and good scalability. Their testing found MAP-E speeds to be comparable to native IPv6. Tools have also helped simplify troubleshooting of IPv4 and IPv6 issues. A goal is gradually moving traffic to IPv6 to address potential abuse issues and prepare for IPv4 sunset. Overall MAP-E has proven stable and effective for JPNE's network operations.
IEEE 802.1ad implements standard protocols for double tagging customer data traffic in provider networks. The data is double tagged with an inner C-tag for the customer VLAN and an outer S-tag for the provider VLAN. Control packets are tunneled by changing the destination MAC address. 802.1ad extends support for Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling and provides transparent Layer 2 connectivity between customer sites without involving the provider's Layer 3 network.
Swati Peepre is seeking a challenging career in a competitive environment. She has a Bachelor's degree in Engineering from Oriental Institute of Science and Technology and a Master's in Business Administration from Institute of Management Studies, Indore. Her academic qualifications include projects in engineering on short circuit detection and designing a data logger card. She has work experience as an intern at MP Power Generating Company and Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited. Peepre enjoys singing, listening to music, and playing sudoku in her free time.
The document discusses Huawei's passive optical LAN (POL) solution for a hotel project in Vietnam. The solution involves:
1) Installing an OLT in the IT room to connect to ISPs and provide services to 300 hotel rooms over a single fiber network.
2) Deploying splitters and fiber in the telecom and riser closets to distribute services to each room.
3) Installing ONTs in the information box of each hotel room to provide internet, IPTV, and other services to guests.
IPTV delivers television, video, audio, text and graphics over an Internet protocol network. It enables broadcasters to provide high-quality video and advanced features like video on demand, interactivity and personalized services. IPTV is also known as a "triple-play" service that provides high-speed internet access, television and telephone using a single connection. While IPTV has advantages like integration of services and interactivity, it also faces challenges like needing sufficient bandwidth to guarantee quality of service and ensuring networks can support technologies like HDTV. The future promises of IPTV include providing even more services through a "quadruple play" and using technologies like WiMAX for higher speeds over longer distances.
The MX960 is an Ethernet-optimized edge router that provides switching and routing capabilities of up to 1.32 terabits per second. It enables services like VPNs, broadband, and data center interconnection. The MX960 provides redundancy through redundant power supplies, fan trays, routing engines, and switch control boards. It can stack up to three routers in a single rack for high port density.
The document is the Cisco Voice over IP Volume 1 student guide. It provides an overview of VoIP essentials such as components of a VoIP network and VoIP functions. It also describes various VoIP signaling protocols like H.323, MGCP, SIP, and SCCP. Finally, it discusses media transmission protocols including RTP, RTCP, cRTP, and SRTP. The guide is intended to advance the professional goals of students and give them expertise in VoIP.
일반전화는 일반전화망을 통해 신호와 음성을 전달하구요. 이 두 망을 흐르는 신호는 영어와 중국어처럼 전혀 다른 언어를 사용합니다. 그런데도 우리는 일반전화에서 인터넷전화로 전화를 걸 수 있고 그 반대도 당연히 가능합니다. 어떻게 서로 다른 말을 사용하는 두 신호가 서로의 말을 알아듣고 신호를 전달할 수 있을까요?
여기에서는 이렇게 서로 다른 언어를 사용하는 두 전화망 사이에서 신호를 서로가 이해할 수 있는 신호로 번역해주는 SG와 TG를 소개하겠습니다.
This document discusses JPNE's experiences with MAP-E, an IPv4 over IPv6 transition technology. MAP-E allows JPNE to operate their dual-stack network with easy management, no session logging, and good scalability. Their testing found MAP-E speeds to be comparable to native IPv6. Tools have also helped simplify troubleshooting of IPv4 and IPv6 issues. A goal is gradually moving traffic to IPv6 to address potential abuse issues and prepare for IPv4 sunset. Overall MAP-E has proven stable and effective for JPNE's network operations.
IEEE 802.1ad implements standard protocols for double tagging customer data traffic in provider networks. The data is double tagged with an inner C-tag for the customer VLAN and an outer S-tag for the provider VLAN. Control packets are tunneled by changing the destination MAC address. 802.1ad extends support for Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling and provides transparent Layer 2 connectivity between customer sites without involving the provider's Layer 3 network.
Swati Peepre is seeking a challenging career in a competitive environment. She has a Bachelor's degree in Engineering from Oriental Institute of Science and Technology and a Master's in Business Administration from Institute of Management Studies, Indore. Her academic qualifications include projects in engineering on short circuit detection and designing a data logger card. She has work experience as an intern at MP Power Generating Company and Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited. Peepre enjoys singing, listening to music, and playing sudoku in her free time.
The document discusses Huawei's passive optical LAN (POL) solution for a hotel project in Vietnam. The solution involves:
1) Installing an OLT in the IT room to connect to ISPs and provide services to 300 hotel rooms over a single fiber network.
2) Deploying splitters and fiber in the telecom and riser closets to distribute services to each room.
3) Installing ONTs in the information box of each hotel room to provide internet, IPTV, and other services to guests.
IPTV delivers television, video, audio, text and graphics over an Internet protocol network. It enables broadcasters to provide high-quality video and advanced features like video on demand, interactivity and personalized services. IPTV is also known as a "triple-play" service that provides high-speed internet access, television and telephone using a single connection. While IPTV has advantages like integration of services and interactivity, it also faces challenges like needing sufficient bandwidth to guarantee quality of service and ensuring networks can support technologies like HDTV. The future promises of IPTV include providing even more services through a "quadruple play" and using technologies like WiMAX for higher speeds over longer distances.
The MX960 is an Ethernet-optimized edge router that provides switching and routing capabilities of up to 1.32 terabits per second. It enables services like VPNs, broadband, and data center interconnection. The MX960 provides redundancy through redundant power supplies, fan trays, routing engines, and switch control boards. It can stack up to three routers in a single rack for high port density.
This document discusses Fiber To The Home (FTTH) network structures. It describes two common FTTH structures: point-to-point fiber, where a dedicated fiber line runs from the service provider directly to each customer; and shared fiber core, where a splitter divides a single fiber line to serve multiple customers. The key devices for shared fiber core FTTH are the Optical Line Termination (OLT) located at the service provider, the Optical Network Unit (ONU) located at each customer site, and splitters to divide the fiber lines. Diagrams and pictures are provided to illustrate how these components connect in each type of FTTH network structure.
1) O documento descreve os sistemas de comunicação sem fio GSM, GPRS e EDGE, incluindo sua evolução histórica, arquitetura e serviços.
2) GSM é um sistema digital celular da segunda geração que utiliza TDMA e fornece serviços de voz, SMS e dados. Sua arquitetura inclui subsistemas BSS, NSS e OMC.
3) GPRS e EDGE são evoluções do GSM que fornecem serviços de dados pacote sobre redes GSM, com arquiteturas semelhantes ao GSM.
Overview of VoIP (Voice over IP) and FoIP (Fax over IP) technologies like Session Initiation Protocol and H.323.
Even though voice over IP (VoIP) was hailed as a technological innovation, the idea to transport real-time traffic over TCP/IP networks was not new back in the 1990s when VoIP started being deployed in networks. Chapter 2.5 of the venerable RFC793 (TCP) shows both data oriented application traffic as well as voice being transported over IP based networks.
Nevertheless, VoIP puts high demands on signal and protocol processing capabilities so it became possible at reasonable costs only in the 1990s.
VoIP can be roughly split into two main functions. Signaling protocols like SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), H.323 and MGCP/H.248 are used to establish a conference session and the data path for transporting real-time voice data packets. SIP has largely supplanted H.323 in recent years to its simpler structure and packet sequences. MGCP and H.248 are mostly used in carrier backbone networks.
Protocols like RTP (Real Time Protocol) transport voice packets and provide the necessary information for receivers to equalize packet flow variations to provide a smooth playback of the original voice signal.
Voice codecs are one of the core functions of the data path. Voice compression reduces the bandwidth required to transport voice over an IP based network. Compression may be less of a concern in local area networks with gigabit speeds, on slower links like 3G (UMTS, LTE) it still makes a lot of sense.
The algorithms used in different codecs make use of various characteristics of the characteristics of human speech recognition. Redundant information is removed from the signals thus slightly reducing the quality, but greatly reducing the required bandwidth.
In VoIP networks, the echo problem is typically compounded by the increased delay incurred by packetization of voice signals. To counteract the echo problem, VoIP gear (hard phones, soft phones, gateways) include echo cancelers to remove echo signals from the transmit signal.
To transport facsimile over an IP based network, even more technology is needed. Facsimile protocols are very susceptible to delay and delay variation and thus need more compensation algorithms. Protocols like T.38 terminate facsimile protocols like T.30 (analog facsimile) and transport the fax images as digitized pictures over IP based networks.
Matrix Telecom Solutions: SETU VTEP - Fixed VoIP to T1/E1 PRI GatewayMatrix Comsec
Matrix SETU VTEP is a compact and dedicated gateway for VoIP to T1/E1 PRI network offering high-value communication experience to businesses of all size, Service Providers, Call Centers and simple but cost-effective solution for multi-location branch office communication. This intelligently designed gateway incorporates advanced features with multiple connectivity options to connect with a legacy communication system using T1/E1 or PRI signaling. SETU VTEP offers reliable and cost-effective solutions to the changing requirements of the business communication and offer customer value for money.
Bluetooth based smart sensor devices 2Vijay Kribpz
This document discusses Bluetooth-based smart sensor devices. It begins with an abstract and introduction to Bluetooth technology, defining it as a short-range wireless standard. It then covers Bluetooth operations, topologies of piconets and scatternets, and how Bluetooth works. The document discusses using sensors with Bluetooth, including examples like pressure sensors. It describes building Bluetooth-based wireless sensor networks and addressing Bluetooth security. It outlines characteristics and applications of Bluetooth technology, as well as advantages and disadvantages. The conclusion envisions future expansion of Bluetooth applications.
This document provides a summary of a research paper about how vampire films portray posthumanism and a posthuman world. In 3 sentences:
Vampire films explore fundamental human desires for immortality, health, and meaningful existence, showing how these desires motivate posthumanism. The vampire is presented as embodying posthuman traits like immortality, heightened cognition and amplified emotion. These films depict various scenarios of a posthuman/vampire society and issues that could arise from discrimination, exploitation, extinction, and speciesism between humans and posthumans.
Video blogging or vlogging involves creating video content and posting it online to engage viewers. Vloggers discuss topics they are passionate about and knowledgable in to build trust with their audience. Comments allow vloggers to get feedback and understand what viewers want to see. Creating vlogs is easy with cameras and video editing software. Popular sites like YouTube have helped vlogging become more popular by enabling anyone to easily share videos and connect with others. Vlogging about topics people enjoy watching can draw more traffic to a vlogger's site and channel.
This document provides rental pricing and equipment information for cameras, lighting, microphones, camera stands, and monitors from multiple equipment rental companies. Sony DSR500 and DSR130 cameras can be rented from £125 per day. A Sony PMW-200 camcorder has rates of £75.60 per day or £201.60 per week. A Canon XA10 has daily rates starting at £54.17. Various lighting kits and lights are available, such as a Dedolight DLHS 400W HMI Octodome for £85 per day. Microphones like Sennheiser G3 radios and Shure SM58s rent for £30 and £10 per day respectively. Video trip
This document provides tips and information for budget travel in Europe, including transportation, accommodations, and packing. It discusses traveling by train, bus, low-cost airlines, and car services throughout Europe. Accommodation options like hostels, Airbnb, Couchsurfing, and hotels are explained. Specific hostel tips and expectations are outlined. Packing lightly for short trips with versatile clothing and necessary toiletries is advised.
This document discusses the importance and benefits of using video for marketing purposes. It notes that video can boost search engine optimization, conversion rates, and time spent on retail sites. It then provides tips for creating effective video content such as how-tos, testimonials, interviews, and brand awareness videos. It also offers advice on video production including equipment, sound, lighting, dress, shots, subjects, and editing software. Finally, it discusses strategies for sharing and monetizing video through platforms like YouTube, Facebook, and securing press coverage.
Company meeting - Event Planning (11.29.10)1Diaris
This document summarizes the minutes from a company meeting of the Youth Music Rights organization. Key discussion points included status updates on current projects, announcing the member of the month and upcoming events like the holiday party on December 10th and a music symposium on February 20th. The meeting also covered event planning best practices like defining objectives, choosing a venue, targeting demographics, creating a marketing strategy, budgeting, and evaluating success. Attendees were invited to provide input on planning the event series for Spring 2011.
PRPL Video Director, Masood Ahmed, walks us through the 5 main phases of the video production process.
Topics discussed:
- Development
- Pre-Production
- Production
- Post-Production
- Distribution
Dont Blow Through Your Video Production Budget: 8 Insider Tips DigiNovations
As an 11-person video production company, we have a lot of clients, and we regularly work with new ones. We sometimes find that our new clients’ projects don’t stay within budget - usually for the same, unnecessary reasons.
If you want to avoid blowing your production budget, here are 8 insider tips, based on our experiences with many, many clients, to keep your video project within budget.
This is a presentation pack, to support the Web media Production, for WEB300, Curtin University, OUA. Supporting material for vlog how-to guide for students.
In this material, I have tried to summarize and provide an overview about the video game industry. By defining the production, production main milestones, more details about required team and team structure. At the end we elaborate about the budgeting with a comparison between production cost in the US and Egypt, based on some illustrated assumptions.
In part 1, we have covered the defining of the main concepts as classification norms including genres, platforms and rating, then providing an introduction about Production Nature, Production Team, Supply Chain, Marketing Overview (not completed in this version), Sample Games and Sample Egyptian Cartoons.
In part 3, I have tried to conclude part 1 and 2, then summarizing my suggested strategy to develop an international level video game industry in Egypt.
This document discusses setting objectives, planning, and budgeting for integrated marketing communications (IMC) programs. It defines marketing versus communications objectives and explains how to establish specific, measurable objectives based on understanding customer purchase funnels and how different communications tools can impact awareness, interest, and conversion at various stages. The document also covers methods for determining IMC budgets, including top-down versus bottom-up approaches and using marginal analysis to optimize spending levels. It provides examples of how companies assess return on investment for marketing activities.
Budgets are management's forecasts of revenues, expenses, and profits used for both decision making and control. They communicate planning assumptions, set resource guidelines, and are used to evaluate performance against targets. The budget process separates decision rights between managers who initiate budgets and directors who ratify and monitor them.
Financial Planning/Budgeting Review and Approval Process in SAP BPC NW 7.5 - ...Jothi Periasamy
This document describes how to implement a planning/budgeting review and approval process using work status functionality in SAP BPC 7.5. It provides steps to configure work states, assign owners to data dimensions, and set work status for data regions to control access during budgeting cycles. The work status feature allows locking down data at checkpoints and restricting changes to certain roles to facilitate collaborative budgeting processes.
This document discusses video blogging (vlogging) and why individuals should consider engaging in this medium. It notes that vlogging allows people to authentically share personal experiences when words alone are not enough. It then provides brief definitions of blogs and how vlogging combines elements of websites, newsletters, forums, and newspapers. The document outlines some of the personal and business benefits of vlogging, such as networking, knowledge sharing, and presenting new ideas. It concludes by listing the basic equipment needed for vlogging and encouraging readers to enjoy and find passion in their creative video blog topics.
This document discusses Fiber To The Home (FTTH) network structures. It describes two common FTTH structures: point-to-point fiber, where a dedicated fiber line runs from the service provider directly to each customer; and shared fiber core, where a splitter divides a single fiber line to serve multiple customers. The key devices for shared fiber core FTTH are the Optical Line Termination (OLT) located at the service provider, the Optical Network Unit (ONU) located at each customer site, and splitters to divide the fiber lines. Diagrams and pictures are provided to illustrate how these components connect in each type of FTTH network structure.
1) O documento descreve os sistemas de comunicação sem fio GSM, GPRS e EDGE, incluindo sua evolução histórica, arquitetura e serviços.
2) GSM é um sistema digital celular da segunda geração que utiliza TDMA e fornece serviços de voz, SMS e dados. Sua arquitetura inclui subsistemas BSS, NSS e OMC.
3) GPRS e EDGE são evoluções do GSM que fornecem serviços de dados pacote sobre redes GSM, com arquiteturas semelhantes ao GSM.
Overview of VoIP (Voice over IP) and FoIP (Fax over IP) technologies like Session Initiation Protocol and H.323.
Even though voice over IP (VoIP) was hailed as a technological innovation, the idea to transport real-time traffic over TCP/IP networks was not new back in the 1990s when VoIP started being deployed in networks. Chapter 2.5 of the venerable RFC793 (TCP) shows both data oriented application traffic as well as voice being transported over IP based networks.
Nevertheless, VoIP puts high demands on signal and protocol processing capabilities so it became possible at reasonable costs only in the 1990s.
VoIP can be roughly split into two main functions. Signaling protocols like SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), H.323 and MGCP/H.248 are used to establish a conference session and the data path for transporting real-time voice data packets. SIP has largely supplanted H.323 in recent years to its simpler structure and packet sequences. MGCP and H.248 are mostly used in carrier backbone networks.
Protocols like RTP (Real Time Protocol) transport voice packets and provide the necessary information for receivers to equalize packet flow variations to provide a smooth playback of the original voice signal.
Voice codecs are one of the core functions of the data path. Voice compression reduces the bandwidth required to transport voice over an IP based network. Compression may be less of a concern in local area networks with gigabit speeds, on slower links like 3G (UMTS, LTE) it still makes a lot of sense.
The algorithms used in different codecs make use of various characteristics of the characteristics of human speech recognition. Redundant information is removed from the signals thus slightly reducing the quality, but greatly reducing the required bandwidth.
In VoIP networks, the echo problem is typically compounded by the increased delay incurred by packetization of voice signals. To counteract the echo problem, VoIP gear (hard phones, soft phones, gateways) include echo cancelers to remove echo signals from the transmit signal.
To transport facsimile over an IP based network, even more technology is needed. Facsimile protocols are very susceptible to delay and delay variation and thus need more compensation algorithms. Protocols like T.38 terminate facsimile protocols like T.30 (analog facsimile) and transport the fax images as digitized pictures over IP based networks.
Matrix Telecom Solutions: SETU VTEP - Fixed VoIP to T1/E1 PRI GatewayMatrix Comsec
Matrix SETU VTEP is a compact and dedicated gateway for VoIP to T1/E1 PRI network offering high-value communication experience to businesses of all size, Service Providers, Call Centers and simple but cost-effective solution for multi-location branch office communication. This intelligently designed gateway incorporates advanced features with multiple connectivity options to connect with a legacy communication system using T1/E1 or PRI signaling. SETU VTEP offers reliable and cost-effective solutions to the changing requirements of the business communication and offer customer value for money.
Bluetooth based smart sensor devices 2Vijay Kribpz
This document discusses Bluetooth-based smart sensor devices. It begins with an abstract and introduction to Bluetooth technology, defining it as a short-range wireless standard. It then covers Bluetooth operations, topologies of piconets and scatternets, and how Bluetooth works. The document discusses using sensors with Bluetooth, including examples like pressure sensors. It describes building Bluetooth-based wireless sensor networks and addressing Bluetooth security. It outlines characteristics and applications of Bluetooth technology, as well as advantages and disadvantages. The conclusion envisions future expansion of Bluetooth applications.
This document provides a summary of a research paper about how vampire films portray posthumanism and a posthuman world. In 3 sentences:
Vampire films explore fundamental human desires for immortality, health, and meaningful existence, showing how these desires motivate posthumanism. The vampire is presented as embodying posthuman traits like immortality, heightened cognition and amplified emotion. These films depict various scenarios of a posthuman/vampire society and issues that could arise from discrimination, exploitation, extinction, and speciesism between humans and posthumans.
Video blogging or vlogging involves creating video content and posting it online to engage viewers. Vloggers discuss topics they are passionate about and knowledgable in to build trust with their audience. Comments allow vloggers to get feedback and understand what viewers want to see. Creating vlogs is easy with cameras and video editing software. Popular sites like YouTube have helped vlogging become more popular by enabling anyone to easily share videos and connect with others. Vlogging about topics people enjoy watching can draw more traffic to a vlogger's site and channel.
This document provides rental pricing and equipment information for cameras, lighting, microphones, camera stands, and monitors from multiple equipment rental companies. Sony DSR500 and DSR130 cameras can be rented from £125 per day. A Sony PMW-200 camcorder has rates of £75.60 per day or £201.60 per week. A Canon XA10 has daily rates starting at £54.17. Various lighting kits and lights are available, such as a Dedolight DLHS 400W HMI Octodome for £85 per day. Microphones like Sennheiser G3 radios and Shure SM58s rent for £30 and £10 per day respectively. Video trip
This document provides tips and information for budget travel in Europe, including transportation, accommodations, and packing. It discusses traveling by train, bus, low-cost airlines, and car services throughout Europe. Accommodation options like hostels, Airbnb, Couchsurfing, and hotels are explained. Specific hostel tips and expectations are outlined. Packing lightly for short trips with versatile clothing and necessary toiletries is advised.
This document discusses the importance and benefits of using video for marketing purposes. It notes that video can boost search engine optimization, conversion rates, and time spent on retail sites. It then provides tips for creating effective video content such as how-tos, testimonials, interviews, and brand awareness videos. It also offers advice on video production including equipment, sound, lighting, dress, shots, subjects, and editing software. Finally, it discusses strategies for sharing and monetizing video through platforms like YouTube, Facebook, and securing press coverage.
Company meeting - Event Planning (11.29.10)1Diaris
This document summarizes the minutes from a company meeting of the Youth Music Rights organization. Key discussion points included status updates on current projects, announcing the member of the month and upcoming events like the holiday party on December 10th and a music symposium on February 20th. The meeting also covered event planning best practices like defining objectives, choosing a venue, targeting demographics, creating a marketing strategy, budgeting, and evaluating success. Attendees were invited to provide input on planning the event series for Spring 2011.
PRPL Video Director, Masood Ahmed, walks us through the 5 main phases of the video production process.
Topics discussed:
- Development
- Pre-Production
- Production
- Post-Production
- Distribution
Dont Blow Through Your Video Production Budget: 8 Insider Tips DigiNovations
As an 11-person video production company, we have a lot of clients, and we regularly work with new ones. We sometimes find that our new clients’ projects don’t stay within budget - usually for the same, unnecessary reasons.
If you want to avoid blowing your production budget, here are 8 insider tips, based on our experiences with many, many clients, to keep your video project within budget.
This is a presentation pack, to support the Web media Production, for WEB300, Curtin University, OUA. Supporting material for vlog how-to guide for students.
In this material, I have tried to summarize and provide an overview about the video game industry. By defining the production, production main milestones, more details about required team and team structure. At the end we elaborate about the budgeting with a comparison between production cost in the US and Egypt, based on some illustrated assumptions.
In part 1, we have covered the defining of the main concepts as classification norms including genres, platforms and rating, then providing an introduction about Production Nature, Production Team, Supply Chain, Marketing Overview (not completed in this version), Sample Games and Sample Egyptian Cartoons.
In part 3, I have tried to conclude part 1 and 2, then summarizing my suggested strategy to develop an international level video game industry in Egypt.
This document discusses setting objectives, planning, and budgeting for integrated marketing communications (IMC) programs. It defines marketing versus communications objectives and explains how to establish specific, measurable objectives based on understanding customer purchase funnels and how different communications tools can impact awareness, interest, and conversion at various stages. The document also covers methods for determining IMC budgets, including top-down versus bottom-up approaches and using marginal analysis to optimize spending levels. It provides examples of how companies assess return on investment for marketing activities.
Budgets are management's forecasts of revenues, expenses, and profits used for both decision making and control. They communicate planning assumptions, set resource guidelines, and are used to evaluate performance against targets. The budget process separates decision rights between managers who initiate budgets and directors who ratify and monitor them.
Financial Planning/Budgeting Review and Approval Process in SAP BPC NW 7.5 - ...Jothi Periasamy
This document describes how to implement a planning/budgeting review and approval process using work status functionality in SAP BPC 7.5. It provides steps to configure work states, assign owners to data dimensions, and set work status for data regions to control access during budgeting cycles. The work status feature allows locking down data at checkpoints and restricting changes to certain roles to facilitate collaborative budgeting processes.
This document discusses video blogging (vlogging) and why individuals should consider engaging in this medium. It notes that vlogging allows people to authentically share personal experiences when words alone are not enough. It then provides brief definitions of blogs and how vlogging combines elements of websites, newsletters, forums, and newspapers. The document outlines some of the personal and business benefits of vlogging, such as networking, knowledge sharing, and presenting new ideas. It concludes by listing the basic equipment needed for vlogging and encouraging readers to enjoy and find passion in their creative video blog topics.
5 Secrets to Creating a Better Vlog with your SmartphoneLeslie Samuel
Interested in starting a vlog? Did you know that your smartphone can help you do a high-quality vlog? This post will show you how to do it the right way.
The document discusses guidelines for developing comprehensive budgets for research studies. It emphasizes assessing the feasibility of study protocols and identifying all costs required to conduct the study. The key steps include developing an internal budget by reviewing study documents to list all procedures, visits, supplies, and patient care costs per participant as either standard of care or research only. Determining the appropriate classification helps identify the true costs to conduct the study for negotiation purposes. Common core budget components are also outlined.
기존 유선전화보다 통화 요금이 저렴할 뿐만 아니라 다양한 부가서비스까지 제공하는 인터넷전화가 큰 인기를 끌고 있습니다. 인터넷전화는 말 그대로 인터넷을 사용해 음성 통신을 하는 것입니다. 하지만 인터넷이 되는 컴퓨터와 랜선, 전화기가 있다고 바로 사용할 수 있는 것이 아닙니다.
메일, 메신저, 웹 서핑, 게임 등의 용도로만 사용하던 인터넷을 전화통화에도 사용할 수 있도록 도와주는 시스템들이 필요합니다. 바로 이러한 시스템을 ‘인터넷전화 시스템’이라고 합니다. KT, SKT, LGT와 같은 통신사업자에 가입을 하면, 통신사업자가 설치한 인터넷전화 시스템들의 도움을 받아 인터넷전화 서비스를 사용하게 됩니다.
Xener provides comprehensive NGN solutions including softswitches, signaling gateways, network management systems, and media servers. Their solutions help telecom providers migrate from legacy networks to IP-based networks for lower costs, higher bandwidth, and new services. Xener's systems support nearly 5 million subscribers in Korea and their solutions power the daily services of 8 of 9 Internet telephony providers in Korea.
제너시스템즈 ABG는 인터넷전화 세션 제어 기능 및 인터넷전화 보안 통합 솔루션을 제공합니다. ABG 제품은 시스템 운용 관리 역할을 담당하는 ABM(Access Board Management) 모듈과 세션 제어 및 Call Routing 기능, SIP Interface 기능 및 신호 암호화 기능 (TLS/IPSec)과 미디어 암호화 기능(sRTP)을 제공하는 ABG(Access Board Gateway) 모듈로 구성됩니다.
X-AS 시스템은 Packet Telephony 기반에서 IP 멀티미디어 서비스를 신속하게 제공할 수 있는 SIP
기반의 서비스 플랫폼입니다.
영상기반의 다양한 서비스를 비롯하여 IM(Instant Message), Presence와 같은 IP를 기반으로한 다양한 NGN
서비스를 제공할 뿐만 아니라, Legacy 서비스인 Card Service, Freephone Service 등과 같은 서비스도 Web
과의 연동을 통해 Circuit 네트웍과 Packet 네트웍이 통합된 새로운 형태의 서비스로 제공 가능합니다.
서비스 사업자는 서비스 개발환경을 이용하여 자체 개발한 서비스를 X-AS 시스템에 탑재하여 직접 서비스를
제공하거나, 3rd Party가 서비스를 개발하여 제공할 수 있도록 Parlay/OSA 기반의 Open API를 제공합니다.
3rd Party 서비스 제공자는 Internet 등과 연계된 많은 가입자 데이터 또는 컨텐츠를 활용하여 다양한 서비스
를 개발할 수 있고, 또한 서비스 사업자의 망을 활용하여 직접 서비스도 제공할 수 있습니다.
X-MS 시스템은 Packet Telephony 망에서 음성 안내방송 및 녹음, Fax 전송 및 녹음, Conference,
ASR, TTS 기능 등을 제공하는 시스템입니다. X-MS 시스템은 H.323, MGCP 프로토콜 연동은 물론 SIP,
MEGACO/H.248로 연동 기능을 제공하여 기존 망이나 신규 망에 다양하게 적용할 수 있습니다.
X-MS2000 시스템의 경우 서버기반으로 구성된 시스템이며 시스템 1대에 최대 1500콜을 처리할 수 있는 대
용량 시스템으로 DTMF 송출, 음성 안내방송 제공 및 녹음 등의 기능을 제공하고 있습니다.
X-MS3000 시스템인 경우 X-MS2000의 기능에 추가하여 Conference 및 TTS, ASR 등 멀티미디어 서비스
기능이 추가되어 있어, 고객 요구에 맞는 최적의 솔루션을 제공할 수 있습니다.
X-SSW 시스템은 자체 개발한 Packet Telephony의 핵심 프로토콜인 MGCP, MEGACO/H.248,
H.323, SIP를 모두 지원하는 시스템으로 NGN(Next Generation Network)을 위한 Class 4, Class 5 솔루
션을 모두 제공할 수 있습니다.
국제 표준프로토콜의 수용으로 H.323망, SIP망, MGCP망, MEGACO망, Softswitch망과의 연동이 가능하며,
기존 PSTN, PLMN과도 SIGTRAN을 이용하여 SS7 연동 및 지능망 시스템(SCP) 연동 솔루션을 제공합니다.
제너시스템즈에서 제공하는 합법적 감청(LI: Lawful Interception) 솔루션은 자사 소프트스위치 시스템과 연계하여, 감청 기능을 제공합니다. 이는 VoIP 분야는 이미 서비스장비들이 설치/구축되어 있는 상태에서 감청 기능을 반영하여야 하는 국내 시장상황을 고려하여, 기존 VOIP 서비스 장비에는 영향을 주지 않는 방식으로 제공할 수 있습니다.
제너시스템즈 X-CSCF는 IMS 망 내에서 통화 및 세션 제어를 수행하는 핵심 컴포넌트료 P-CSCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF 및 E-CSCF로 구분할 수 있습니다. P-CSCF는 단말이 처음으로 접속하는 포인트로 단말에 대한 등록, 인증 기능을 수행하며 I-CSCF는 서비스 처리를 위한 S-CSCF 확인 및 HSS 연동 기능을 수행합니다.
1. iVAS Introduction
iVAS Introduction
01_솔루션 개요
02_iVAS 솔루션
2-1_iVAS 솔루션
2-2_제공 서비스
2-3_경쟁우위 및 특장점
당신의 커뮤니케이션
알고 보면 제너시스템즈의 기술입니다
Ⓒ Xener Systems Inc.