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Itp100 basic info on computers
- 1. Why do we use computers? 1
- 3. 3 It allows you to do more in less time.
- 4. So what exactly is a computer? 4
- 5. 2 major components: Hardware & Software 5
- 6. 6 Hardware Equipment that makes up the computer
- 7. 7 Only 4 Operations I – Accept input P – Process data O – Generate output S – And store information That is it!
- 8. 8 Input Operation Getting data into a computer via an input device. Keyboards Mouse Microphones Scanners
- 9. Once data is inside the computer it can be accessed by the other parts of the computer for processing. 9
- 10. Processing Data: Taking raw data and turning it into meaningful information 10
- 11. Based on this data: Smith, John, pt, 14.5 The following information can be generated: John Smith is an hourly employee who earns $14.50 an hour. 11 Example:
- 12. 12 Processing Chip Processing data operations: Coordinates the work of the different computer parts Performs mathematical operations accurately and quickly
- 13. 13 Output Operation Takes Information on the computer and makes it available for use outside of the computer. Some common examples of output:
- 14. 14 Storage Operation Saving information on storage device hardware for later use. Common examples:
- 15. Hardware & Software 15
- 16. Software Instructs the hardware how to do the basic 4 operations. 16
- 17. 2 types of software: System Software Application Software 17
- 18. 18 Application Software Application software is a set of programs that we use as a tool to process our data and transform it into meaningful information. Example: word processing, spreadsheets, payroll, etc.
- 19. 19 System Software This software provides the framework which allows application software to work. Examples: Mac OS, Windows XP, Vista, Unix… It translates the application software instructions to the hardware.
- 20. 20 Translations occur between these different layers: User Types in a command Types in new command Application Software Interprets the command Sends it to the system software Responds to system software updates & informs the user System Software Translates commands into machine instructions Sends machine language instructions to hardware Translates hardware signals Sends updates to application software Hardware Performs machine instructions Informs system software when it has finished
- 21. Input get the data into the computer Process process the data to get information Output present the information Store keep the information for future use 21 Summary
- 22. A computer system allows us to: finish our work faster, produce professional material, save our work and modify what was saved at a later time. With networking capability we can give the whole world access to our finished work. 22 Productivity Tool
- 23. This Wikipedia site gives you a history of information systems and computers LearnFree.org also has a good site which explains the basics of a computer 23 Additional Resources
Editor's Notes
- Before we even get started, lets try to understand why computers have become such an integral part of our society.More specifically, how is the computer impacting our lives?You can do anything a computer can do. Anything! So what is the big deal about using a computer?You just can’t do it as fast.Your brain also cannot store that much information. Again, you can do it all, it will just take you much longer.
- In short, what computers do is add to our productivity. When we are more productive, we can accomplish more in less time.The effect of this tool has been phenomenal!An example of another invention that has had a similar impact is the automobile. I can walk anywhere an automobile can go. I just can’t do it as fast.When I use a car, I get to spend more time on other tasks instead of commuting.
- In other words,it gives you more timein your life to do what you need to do.
- So this productivity tool that we use can be broken down into Hardware and Software
- Hardware is basically what you can touch on a computer.
- It can only do 4 things.
- Input operations can be summed up into getting data into the computerThese input devices can include a keyboard, mouse, scanner, and microphone.
- You have to get data into a computer before you can process it or store it.Now that you can get data into the computeryou can process it and store it for later use
- To process data we need a processor.On a desktop computer the processor is a stamp-sized chip located on the motherboard.It coordinates the work of the different computer partsanddoes the needed calculations quickly and accurately
- Once you have information in your computer you can present it via an output device
- One of the main reasons we use computers is to be able to store data for later use.Storage media can include diskettes, CDs, and flash drives.
- We just finished a quick summary of what the hardware component of a computer is.Now lets look at the software component
- Software is what gives the hardware its functionality.It is a set of instructions that tell the hardware what to do.
- There are two types of software: system software and application software
- Application software, such as Word and Excel, are programs that helps us create meaningful information.So the code in application software is translated to the system software which then translated it to machine instructions.
- System software, such as Windows XP or Vista, translates the instructions from the application software to machine instructions that tells the hardware what to do.
- So the code in application software is translated to the system software which then translated it to machine instructions.If the system software can’t translate perform the tasks, then the application software can’t issue the commands.
- and with communication ability, we can give the whole world access to our finished work.