ITEC 610 Assingement 1 Essay

ITEC 610 Assingement 1 Essay
The relationship and interaction between XML and databases
ECET610 UMUC
Abstract
This paper will explore the relationship between XML and databases and the way that they can be
leveraged to provide data exchange on the internet. As XML gains popularity as the format for
exchanging information via the internet and has become the language of choice for use in database
development for Internet use.Introduction
XML is a universal data standard and thereby does not need to be translated for use in different
database systems. This is very important with large corporate data systems. In companies that have
web presence this is a vital concern where some of the data base systems are handled by external
companies that use an entirely ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This presents a scalability problem in that when the system contains a few thousand documents the
performance tends to degrade and become a management issue. Synchronization is also a problem
between the non–database code and the database. If changes are made to the database structure the
XML pointers need to be updated as well and the system is not very portable.
The XML mapping style of data storage is used by web sites that map user inputs into XML schema
that manages the storage and retrieval of the data as shown in the example Figure 1. This is an
effective method when the existing data is in XML format.
Using XML to simplify processes
The flexibility of XML has made it the standard for the formatting and sharing of data via the web.
XML data is easily transferable across machines and applications and is not constrained by the
operating system of the host machine. This ease of translation enables XML to be transformed into
non–XML formats for use with databases and their associated applications.
An XML database is a database that stores the data fields in XML format. This allows for cross
platform transferability and web page presentation. A web application is typically done in three
layers the back office code in Java or a
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Web Service And Web Services
ABSTRACT
Web Services are modular, self–describing, self–contained and loosely coupled applications that can
be published, located, and invoked across the web. With the increasing number of web services
available on the web, the need for web services composition is becoming more and more important.
Nowadays, for answering complex needs of users, the construction of new web services based on
existing ones is required.
This problem is known as web services composition. However, it is one of big challenge problems
of recent years in a distributed and dynamic environment. The various approaches in field of web
service compositions proposed by the researchers. In this paper we present a review of existing
approaches for web service composition and compare them among each other with respect to some
key requirements. We hope this paper helps researchers to focus on their efforts and to deliver
lasting solutions in this field.
KEYWORDS
Semantic Web Service, Semantic Similarity, Web Services Composition, Composition Techniques.
1. INTRODUCTION
Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) and Web Services are presented in the mainstream scientific
and industrial for many years. SOA is an architectural paradigm and interactions or patterns between
them for components of a system. In this architecture, service is a contractually defined behavior
that can be implemented and provided by a component for by using another component [1].
Web service is a [2]. software component that takes the input

Difference Between Proposal And Proposed System
EXISTING VS PROPOSED SYSTEM
i. Existing framework does not have any office of educators login or student login where as
proposed framework will have an office of student login and also educator's login ii. Existing
framework does not have an office of online reservation of books while proposed framework has an
office of online reservation of books iii. Existing framework does not have any office of online
notice board where depiction of workshops occurring in our school and in addition close–by
universities is being given. iv. Existing framework does not has any choice of addresses notes
transferred by instructors though proposed framework will have this office
v. Existing framework does not have any office to create student reports ... Show more content on
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HTML enables pictures and questions be implanted and can be utilized to make intuitive structures.
It provides a different way to make structured reports by meaning basic semantics for content, for
example, headings, passages, records, connections, cites and different things. It can install contents
composed in dialects, for example, JavaScript which influence the conduct of HTML web pages.
CSS–Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a template dialect utilized for depicting the look and
organizing of a report written in a markup dialect. While frequently used to style pages and
interfaces composed in HTML and XHTML, the dialect can be connected to any sort of XML
record, including plain XML, SVG and XUL. CSS is a foundation particular of the web and all
website pages utilize CSS templates to portray their presentation.CSS is planned fundamentally to
empower the partition of record content from archive introduction, including components, for
example, the format, hues, and textual styles. This partition can make strides content openness, give
greater adaptability and control in the determination of introduction attributes, empower numerous
pages to share organizing, what's more, lessen multifaceted nature and redundancy in the auxiliary
substance, (for example, by taking into consideration

Java Web Services Technologies: Java API for XML Web...
Web services are applications components that communicate using open XML–based standards and
transport protocols to exchange data with calling clients. They are self–containing and self–
describing and can be discovered using the Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration
(UDDI). They can also be used by other applications and can be published, located, and invoked
across the Web. HTTP and XML are the basis for Web services. The Java platform provides the
XML and RESTful APIs and tools needed to quickly design, develop, test, and deploy web services
and clients that fully interoperate with other web services and clients running on Java–based or non–
Java–based platforms. REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style ... Show
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The Metro stack is part of Project Metro and as part of GlassFish, Java Platform, Enterprise Edition
(Java EE), and partially in Java platform, Standard Edition (Java SE). GlassFish and Java EE also
support the legacy JAX–RPC APIs." In today's technologically driven society, Web Services are
quickly becoming the most pertinent technologies in computer software, e–business and
communication industries. Web Service technologies continue to restructure and enhance the way
that companies conduct business and disperse information in our society. Web Services continually
improve business productivity by supplying information from a vast array of resources. RESTful
services relies of HTTP protocol and methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to interchange
messages in any format, preferable JSON and XML. There are different types of web services: XML
based, SOAP based and RESTful web services.
The JAX–WS specification for xml based web– services and JAX–RS specification for creating
RESTful web services are the specific web services I will be focusing on in this research paper. The
basic Web services platform is XML and HTTP. All the standard Web Services works using
following components: SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), UDDI (Universal Description,
Discovery and Integration) and WSDL (Web Services Description Language).
If you are asked to choose

Keyword Search Quieries
Ranking the query result is a key requirement for keyword search in order to rank and make appear
the most relevant results first. XML keyword search queries are different from HTML keyword
search queries in the way query results are ranked. Normally, documents are ranked by HTML
search engines (such as Google) based (partly) on their hyperlinked structure (Brin and Page, 1998;
Kleinberg, 1999). XML keyword search queries can return nested elements. Hence, ranking has to
be computed at the granularity of XML elements, as opposed to entire XML documents. Since the
semantics of containment links (relating parent and child elements) is very different from that of
hyperlinks, computation of rankings at the granularity of elements is complicated. As a result,
ranking techniques which are used for computation solely based on hyperlinks (Brin and Page,
1998; Kleinberg, 1999) cannot directly be applied for nested XML elements. Some of the works on
result rankings for XML keyword query results include XRANK (Guo et al., 2003), XSEarch
(Cohen et al., 2003), EASE (Li et al., 2008) and XReal (Bao et al., 2010a).
The rest of the chapter is organized as follows. The related works based on tree data model and
digraph data model are reviewed in Section 2.2 and 2.3 respectively. Subsequently, the works done
on the result ranking are reviewed in Section 2.4. Also, other related works in XML keyword search
are reviewed in Section 2.5. In Section 2.6, the approaches utilizing statistics of

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Web Services
QOS AWARE WEB SERVICE SELECTION AND COMPOSITION FOR TRAVELS
APPLICATION
V.Bharath Kumar., (M.E).,
Department of Information Technology
Sri Sairam Engineering College
Chennai, Tamilnadu. bharathkncet@gmail.com M. Suresh Kumar., M.E., (P.HD).,
Department of Information Technology
Sri Sairam Engineering College
Chennai, Tamilnadu. sureshkumar.it@sairam.edu.in In UDDI registry there are innumerous numbers
of functionally same Web Services (WS), to select the most qualified and relevant Web Service
according to a client requirement is an arduous task. Web Services are normally same in function but
their Quality and performance vary as per service provider. Key word search doesn't provide the best
result for the customer. The quality can be analyzed by 10 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Web service
WEB SERVICES AND SEMANTIC WEB
The question of the relationship between these two activities is constantly in the air.
The whole description side is a clear semantic web application, and so long as XML languages are
defined which introduced with English language specs but no RDF mapping, there is a potential
ambiguity which will have to be resolved later in making that mapping, there is an inability to use
common semantic web tools, and there is cost down the road assuming semantic web tools will
eventually be used. Essentially, web serve ices become instant legacy technology for the semantic
web.
The DAML–services collation of researchers is tackling the job of service description at a higher
level.
Many things which are described as web services can in fact be described as the publication of a
series of semantic web documents, just as the billing of a peer company is in reality effected by the
issuance of an invoice.
When Semantic Web agents query each other, they could use SOAP (though a direct encoding into
an HTTP URI may also be effective).
When Semantic Web agents update each other, they should use SOAP, running typically over HTTP
POST.

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

W3 Consortium
Software Development: Developing Websites for
Multiplatform Use
Kei Roberts
Contents
Introduction – Page 3
W3 consortium – Page 4
Document Object Model (DOM) – Page 5
Introduction
For this report I have been asked to cover a rage of topics such as
A description of the W3 consortium and their role in relation to web development
A description of the document object model, exploring issues faced when developing for a range of
platform versions and device vendors
An overview of current security issues relevant to delivering dynamic data driven content on the
world wide web
An explanation of the differences between client and server side scripting with examples of each.
Consider the advantages and disadvantages
A description of the 3 methods of embedding scripts
A description of code to handle specified events
Using research and using already gained knowledge I will go though each of these topics
individually.
W3 consortium
Created 22 years ago on October 1st 1994 by computer scientist Tim Berners–Lee the W3
Consortium is the main standards organization for the World Wide Web. The W3 Consortium was
created with the vision of "participation, sharing knowledge, and thereby building trust on a global
scale" (W3C mission, 2016). As of today there is roughly 350 member organizations part of the W3
Consortium all over the world. Document Object Model (DOM)

A Document Object Model (DOM) is a API (application protocol interface) used in HTML and

Difference Between The Spatiality Of Position And Situation
The Difference Between the Spatiality of Position and Situation In the third chapter of Part 1 of
Phemomenology of Perception Meurlo–Ponty discusses the orientation of the body and how we
perceive of it within the world. To do this he introduces two key concepts; spatiality of position and
spatiality of situation. Both these concepts apply to our experiences being a body within the world
but have very distinct features regarding our perceptions of our bodies and how we conceive of and
interact with the world. This paper will look at the distinction between the two concepts using
Meurlo–Ponty's Schnieder and attempting to determine the significance of defining these two
concepts in such a way. To begin, Meurlo–Ponty starts by discussing how the parts of our body
relate to each other in a very particular way. We do not conceive of ourselves as a collection of
closely spatially related organs but rather as a whole contributing to our body schema (PhP 100).
Our body schema is a gradually developing psychological construct that helps us develop a
summary of our experiences as a body including out movement as a whole and unifies us a being
(PhP 100). The body schema that we develop plays into the spatiality of position and the spatiality
of situation and how the body appears to us. Spatiality of position refers to the body within space, in
this case the body is perceived of as part of the external objective world. Meurlo–Ponty says that
this concept is consistent with idea of

Conversion Xml Schema For Data Warehouse Schema
Assignment –3
Literature Review
Conversion of the XML Schema to Data Warehouse Schema
Introduction: eXtensible Markup Language is used mainly in most of the organizations for e–
commerce and online applications. Indeed, XML has become the standard for representing,
exchanging the data among the various applications on the internet. Moreover, XML schema is used
for representing the XML document structure where XML data is associated with the XML schema.
Furthermore, data warehouse provides tools which business use the data for making the important
decisions. Correspondingly, data is stored in the fact table and multidimensional tables. Mainly, the
table association between them are generally represented with the three data warehouse schemas
like a) star schema b) fact constellation schema c) snowflake schema. Simultaneously, the use of the
internet is increasing day by day and by first integrating the data and secondly converting the data
into XML schema from the schema graph to the various data schemas. At first, schema graph is
taken as the model for the conversion of the data that is extracted from the XML schema and the
data is transformed into the various schema. Consequently, the data warehouse schema is
constructed with these fact tables, dimension tables and the relation existing between the graph and
tables.
Mainly, in the data warehouse analyzing the large data helps the decision–making process. Indeed,
in the data warehouse, the integration of the data from the

Advantages and Disadvantages of Service Oriented...
SOAASSIGNMENT
In this essay I will be discussing Service Oriented Architecture. As part of that I will write about the
terms Web Service, Service Oriented Architecture and SOAP. I will list some advantages and
disadvantages of SOA as well as the technology involved in using SOA and the standard syntax and
operation employed in such a system. I will close this essay by writing about a company that could
take advantage of the Service Oriented Architecture.
Web Services
The World Wide Web Consortium is the main international criteria organization for the World Wide
Web. They set the standard for web mark–up languages and web services worldwide. W3C describe
web services as a means for two electronic devices to communication via ... Show more content on
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This enables software to derive some of its functionality from other applications, hence being
service–oriented applications.
Properties of a service–oriented architecture:
Self–contained web service: The client should contain no services itself and no additional software.
The use of a programming language that can access a server should be enough.
Self–describing web service: The data being handled should be self–describing. No additional
software should be used to decode data being handled. The client only retrieves from the server.
Follow strict standards: XML and HTTP being the most common basis for web services.
Programmatic access to data: SOA provides data at the most simple level. No GUI should be
provided.
Language–independent web services: The client that is using the web services of a server do not
have to be on the same platform or be using the same language. Standard transfer protocols are used
to send and receive data.
In order for a system to resourcefully use SOA, it must meet the following standards:
In service oriented architecture, services are independent elements of functionality.
Interoperability among different systems and programming languages that delivers the foundation
for integration between applications on a diverse range of platforms through a communications
protocol

Clear–cut descriptive language. To use services from a provided system by clearly defined

Benefits Of Web 2. 0 Technologies In Libraries
What library experts are saying about Web 2.0?
Web 1.0 – place to go & get and Web 2.0 – place to be & do
Introduction of the read/write web
Interactive two–way web
Everyday folks with Internet access can create and edit stuff
Built on principle of breaking down barriers librarians placed on services
Web 2.0 Technologies in Libraries– Benefits:
Proactive services. Librarians are already using tools such as blogs, wikis, RSS feeds, podcasts (in
Apple iTunes), videos (in YouTube), photo sharing on Flickr, instant messaging via Meebo and
Twitter.
Improved communications (internal and external). Social networking tools not only improve a
library's communication with its librarians but they also improve internal communication and ...
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Rainie (2006) describes six realities of the digital natives as follows:
Media and gadgets are common throughout daily life
They get pleasure from media and keep on communications anyplace they need with the new
gadgets out there to them
Internet is at the middle of this transformation
Multitasking is that the means of life
An standard national contains a larger chance to be a publisher, moviemaker, artist, song creator and
storyteller
Everything can amendment even additional within the coming back years; we will expect additional
computing power, communication power and storage power.
Library collections currently embody a mixture of ancient materials (printed books, serials, audio–
visual) and rising formats (e–books, e–serials, e–newspapers, e–dissertations, e–resources, digital
objects, playa ways, streaming audio & video).
Library catalogs are group action access to any or all materials through next –generation On–line
Public Access Catalogs.
Conclusion:

Web 2.0 and Library 2.0 is on developing edge and development driven by user–centered change
that evolves libraries to pass on a

A Based System For Diversifying
A Clustering Based System for Diversifying WSRec Results Ms. Apurwa Atre Information
Technology Department , ICOER, SPPU , Pune , India apurwaatre1994@gmail.com Ms. Nayan
Kamble Information Technology Department , ICOER, SPPU , Pune , India
kamble.nayan28@gmail.com Ms. Vineeta Bisht Information Technology Department , ICOER,
SPPU , Pune , India vinitab1994@gmail.com Mr. Tejas Mamarde Information Technology
Department , ICOER, SPPU , Pune , India tejasxs@gmail.com ABSTRACT The use of Web
services for various applications has led to the growth of web services on a large scale. Due to the
increase in usage of web services, it has become of prime importance to design systems for effective
web service recommendation. In our project, we propose a system for effective web service
recommendations incorporating users' preferences regarding quality and diversities amongst web
services. Users' requirements are considered and mined from his usage history. Then we find
functional similarities using clustering techniques followed by applying a ranking algorithm to list
top–k services. To discover high quality Web services, a number of QoS models for Web services
and QoS–driven service selection approaches have been proposed in the service computing field. In
this system user explicitly specifies his/her interests and QoS requirements, and submits them to the
service discovery system. Then the service discovery system matches the user's interests and QoS
requirements with

Resources And Pattern Essay
Pattern Resources: The pattern resources give information about patterns. These resources are in
various forms such as documents, research papers, books, web pages etc. Since the resources are at
various locations and not in any standard or uniform format, it is very difficult for practitioners to
locate and apply patterns.
Semantic Relations: Patterns are related to other patterns. For example, some patterns may solve the
same security goal or some patterns may be used at a specific lifecycle stage in software
development. Classification methods have attempted to identify properties or attributes by which
patterns can be tagged and classified. These classifiers form the semantic relations between patterns.
Relationship annotation: The semantic content of patterns is modeled as a binary relation between a
pattern and a set of attributes. The relationship annotation gives a matrix of pattern–attribute
relations. It forms the formal context for FCA and the input data for hierarchical clustering.
FCA Engine: The FCA engine extracts concepts from the formal context and builds the concept
lattice. Incremental FCA will ensure that changes to the formal context will be incorporated.
Clustering: Hierarchical clustering groups patterns into a set of clusters which are in the form of a
hierarchy.
Knowledge representation: The pattern, attribute, concept and cluster knowledge is represented in
the XML format so that it can be easily stored and shared

Advantages Of The Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
1.1 Introduction
What is the Extensible Markup Language (XML)? Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a subset
of the Standard Generalized Markup Language, which is a marker for an electronic document to
have a structured markup language.
In the computer, the mark symbol refers to information the computer can understand, by this token,
you can handle that contains a variety of information such as articles between computers. It can be
used to tag data, defining data types, is a technology that allows users to define their own markup
language source language. It is ideal for Web transmission, providing a unified approach to
describing and exchanging independent of applications or vendors of structured data. Internet ...
Use in extensible markup language human language, which is talkative, rather than the computer
language used is binary and ASCII encoding. XML is even people who have had no formal
introduction to XML or already coached readability. This is because as simple HTML (Exforsys,
2007 ).
XML is like JAVA application is fully compatible with, and it can be used with any application
capable regardless of the platform it is being used in conjunction with the processing of XML. XML
is an extremely portable language, it can be used with multiple platforms extent as the Internet, it
can be on a handheld device or handheld computer on a large network or handheld use. XML is an
extensible language, which means you can create your own tags, or use the label has been created
(Exforsys, 2007 ).
There are other advantages of using XML. It is a language–independent platform. It can be deployed
on any network, if it is an application–friendly usage and use. If the application can work with
XML, then XML can work on any platform, knows no borders. It is vendor–independent and
autonomous systems. XML is used to exchange data, there will be no loss of data even if the format
between disparate systems (Exforsys, 2007

Reading Comprehension: From Research to Classroom Essay
Language plays a central role in almost all aspects of our lives. This paper will focus on examining
the cognitive processes that are involved in using and understanding written language. Because
language almost always involves units of language larger than an individual word or a single
sentence, it is important to emphasize how people understand connected discourse, such as stories.
Understanding these central cognitive processes will help school psychologists understand how to
facilitate reading comprehension in the classroom setting. Although most of these psychological
studies do not deal with specific methods on how to how to comprehend a story, these studies do
indicate some of the more powerful factors that influence whether ... Show more content on
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Bartlett found that story recall depends on how memory is reconstructed, and that there would be
selective omissions of information, rationalization, a dominant theme, and transformation of
information and sequence, and general blending of information. Bartlett constructed a new
framework for memory and explained the importance of prior experience in one's memory for
narrative information, which was different than the theories of the time that assumed memory was
more like an exact replica of incoming information (Solso, 2008). Bartlett felt that readers used their
prior experience to construct expectations about what should occur in a story. These expectations
would influence how a text was remembered because the reader would interpret incoming
information using what he or she already knew and expected. These prior experiences were labeled
"schemata". Knowing something about a subject makes it easier to learn more about that subject.
Thorndike et al. explains that our prior knowledge serves as a framework which makes the new
information more meaningful and easier to absorb. At Bartlett explained, comprehension depends
only in part on the information provided by the text. To show how the reader also uses his/her
knowledge of the topic, Anderson and Pichert (1978) directed an experiment where participants
were asked to read a story about the home of a wealthy family from either the viewpoint of a
homebuyer or a

Questions On Using Rss Feeds
3 Ways To Use RSS Feeds To Power Your Twitter Account
By Ian F Sinclair | Submitted On August 17, 2014
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Finding the time and resources to keep Twitter updated can often be a challenge for the average
business owner. So I 'm always on the look out for tools that can help with the process and take
away a lot of the grunt work.
One way to do this is through the use of RSS or content feeds. RSS stands for 'Really Simple
Syndication '. An RSS feed is basically a file containing syndicated content that 's readable by
software.
For example, most blogs have RSS feeds automatically built in (yourblog.com/feed if it 's on
WordPress), along with a lot of other sites such as YouTube and SlideShare.
This can make the use of RSS very useful in keeping your Twitter account updated with relevant
content, while leaving you free to make other updates, engage with your followers, and so on.
So how can you use RSS feeds to help power your Twitter account? Here are 3 different ways to
approach it.
1. IFTTT
IFTTT stands for 'If This Then That ', and allows you to set up automation tasks consisting of
triggers that automate certain follow–on actions.
One such

Tips For Top 20 Wordpress Templates
Top 20 Wordpress Templates in 2008 – There are so many Wordpress templates offered that it can
be difficult to pinpoint the exact one you are looking for. Wordpress templates are very easy to use
and many come Adsense optimized, SEO and widget ready which means user–friendly interface and
less work for the user. The designs are professional and interesting, it is a matter of finding what
type of template you are looking for and what would work best for your blog. Here you will find the
top 20 Wordpress Templates of 2008. Atahualpa This template would be great to use for a
landscaping business or some type of eco– friendly information. delight Here you will find a simple
and easy template that to me has a feminine feel to it, it has a range of possibilities for its content
such as women 's clothing or shoes. WP–Andreas01 This is one of my favorite templates, it has a
cozy home town feel to it. I think it would be a great template to use for vacation information, more
specifically, small town America road trip. Xeiro Great template for computer information or
software information. This template is search engine optimized, Adsense optimized, supporting tags
and gravatars. Dum–Dum Colors on this template is excellent, it reminds me of candy! How about
its content having to do with candy? The colors just seem so fun and so the content needs to be fun!
Journalist This has a minimalist theme and it is geared for what its title implies, journalist. Simple,
yet makes a

Xml Encryption And Xml Security
Data may be a magic advantage for affiliations What 's more sought further bolstering for security.
Some information might fittingly be imparted on people At all may be said to completed
amphitheater Nonetheless morals must be talented detected from unauthenticated progress. Other
majority of the data might make fittingly imparted on grasped parts inside an attempt however must
a chance to be secured starting with revelation alternately change toward unapproved portions.
Imparting majority of the data may be basic Furthermore helps the gainful operations from claiming
affiliations. Regardless securing Information, affiliations ought should similarly extra Furthermore
secure data, for case, guaranteed change, unmistakable positive position circumstances, or moved
library benefits. A standout amongst those exhibit cautiously for security is concerning extensible
markup dialect (XML).
XML encryption.
It will be a magic building bit for those semantic Web Also must might a chance to be secured all
together to layers over it will make secured. XML security need been investigated Toward dissimilar
including and the W3C need aggravated models Furthermore suggestions to XML security What 's
more need An XML security working bunch.
Encryption What 's more unscrambling operations can 't swear off being operations with respect to
octets. The provision is answerable for the marshaling XML such–and–such it could make serialized
under an octet development, mixed, unscrambled,

Service Oriented Design For Interfacing Web Services
Introduction
Web Services are an every growing and highly useful method of viewing and manipulating
geographic products, however there are several different ways in which to go about interfacing Web
Services. SOAP (Originally Simple Object Access Protocol) and Representational State Transfer
(REST) are two of the most recent and commonly used methods for interfacing Web Services. This
essay will expand on what SOAP and REST are, compare the differences between them, and where
possible relate their uses in the production of geospatial Web Services in Defence.
Aim
This essay strives to give readers a decent understanding of what SOAP and REST are, what and
how they are used, and in what circumstances would one out–perform the other. It will ... Show
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SOAP
SOAP first came into being in 1998 after being developed by Microsoft, however, it was not until
SOAP version 1.2 was released in June 2003 that SOAP became a World Wide Web Consortium
(W3C) Recommendation. This is also where SOAP ceased to be known as Simple Object Access
Protocol and remains to this day as SOAP.
The main reason for its development was to supersede some of the older communication
technologies that weren't as effective when being used across the internet such as Distributed
Component Object Model (DCOM) and Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)
SOAP is a communication protocol that utilises Extensible Mark–up Language (XML) to define the
messaging framework and send messages from one application to another via other protocols such
as Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
It can be used in conjunction with Web Services Description Language (WSDL). This language is
for the descriptions of web services and how to go about locating and accessing them. As with
SOAP, WSDL is also XML based. WSDL is also a W3C Recommendation.
A SOAP message has four main elements. These elements are an; envelope, header, body, and a
fault element. See Fig 1 for a visual breakdown of the SOAP message structure.
Fig 1: The SOAP Message Structure (Foggon et al, 2003)
Fig 1 shows that the Envelope element is the root of the whole message and everything else is
contained within the envelope. The Envelope

Migration of Database
Migration of Databases – An XML Approach
XML Database Migration is a project of migrating the existing databases into XML format.
Conversion of databases to XML file format, the databases like Ms–Access, Oracle and MS–SQL,
MySQL connects in the network or the oracle in the personal computer can be connected for the
generation of XML code. Let us consider, user runs a firm with three companies with different
database's respectively. User planned to mingle the entire database's of the firm in to a single
database. The user wants to migrate the entire database in to a single database. Migration of a
database to another database is a huge process and a complex one. In such case our project can be
used as we are converting the entire ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In web, database is widely used at present. The database occupies some part of memory in the server
and amount should be paid to maintain the database. The amount will depend upon the database
size, and also Access and Oracle database are platform dependent. XML is platform independent.
While using database, lot of problems will be arise like data corruption, huge memory spaces, and
unnecessary expenses for database security.
Now a days most of the websites stores data in backend storage device. The data are stored in Oracle
database or some other backend devices. These databases occupy some part of memory in the server.
The site owner should be paid some amount of money to maintain that database. The amount should
be vary depending upon the database size and also have a lot of problem to maintain the database.
This is unnecessary expenses and waste of memory spaces. To retrieve the data from the database is
very slow when we are browsing the site. These are the difficult arising to retrieve the database.
Drawbacks
There are lots of problems in the existing system. They are,
Data corruption will occur.
Requires huge memory space.
Unnecessary expenses for database security.
These databases occupy some part of memory in the server. The site owner should be paid some
amount of money to maintain that database. The amount should be vary depending upon the
database size and also have a lot of problem to maintain the

Information Services And The Area Of Web Services
BN402–Year 4–XML & Web Services
Web Services
SOAP vs REST
Within the area of Web Services
Submitted by:
Sharon Grey: B00052916
Submission date
March 2015
Declaration
I hereby certify that this material, which I now submit for assessment on the programme of study
leading to the award, Honors Degree in Computing in the Institute of Technology Blanchardstown,
is entirely my own work except where otherwise stated.
Author: _____¬Sharon Grey___________ Dated: ____March 2015____
. . . . .
Soap (XML) vs REST (JSON) within the area of Web Services
Figure 1.
Introduction:
Web Services describe an area of computing which define the method of communication used by
machines to interact with each other over the internet. A web service is a method for applications
that are written in contrasting languages to be able to transfer data between one another without any
problems. Two kinds of Web Services are SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) and REST
(Representational State Transfer).
SOAP characterizes a communication protocol for XML based message exchange. SOAP utilizes
transport protocols such as HTTP and SMTP. SOAP provides simplified communication methods
through firewalls and proxies. It is both language and platform independent. SOAP uses SOAP

messages in order to transmit messages. The SOAP message is a standard XML document which
contains the following elements: An envelope element (required), a header

Heterogeneity And Interoperability Of The Digital Library
Digital library
The Digital Library Federation (2002) define them as organizations that provide the resources
including the specialised staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret, distribute,
preserved the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over time of collection of digital work so that
they are readily available for use by a defined community or set of community. Information is a
basic human need, and civilization advances when people are able to apply the right information at
the right time (Fox and Marchionini, 1998). Today, digital libraries act as an effective device in the
progress of human civilization, it also should enable any citizen to access all human knowledge
anytime and anywhere, in an efficient ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Interoperability means the degree to which two products, programs and many more that can be used
together or the quality of being able to be used together. While heterogeneity consisting of parts or
things that are very different from each other. Most of library users depend on library services in
getting information needed. In this situation, when digital libraries want to provide information, it is
important to have a good relationship between heterogeneity and interoperability. To achieve a good
interoperability, the exchange information in heterogeneity should covers all types of syntactic
structural, semantic diversities among system to modeling information.
Besides that, it should be consistent between the use of the information as intended by its originator
and the intended exploitation of it by the recipient. This thing need to be considerate to fulfill the
need of library users that comes from many different background. Information providers which is
digital libraries should make a data or information about their collections available for harvesting.
This data will be use by service provider which known as harvester to create value added

Advantages Of Extensible Markup Language
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
1.1 Introduction
What is the Extensible Markup Language (XML)? Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a subset
of the Standard Generalized Markup Language, which is a marker for an electronic document to
have a structured markup language.
In the computer, the mark symbol refers to information the computer can understand, by this token,
you can handle that contains a variety of information such as articles between computers. It can be
used to tag data, defining data types, is a technology that allows users to define their own markup
language source language. It is ideal for Web transmission, providing a unified approach to
describing and exchanging independent of applications or vendors of structured data. Internet ...
Use in extensible markup language human language, which is talkative, rather than the computer
language used is binary and ASCII encoding. XML is even people who have had no formal
introduction to XML or already coached readability. This is because as simple HTML.
XML is like JAVA application is fully compatible with, and it can be used with any application
capable regardless of the platform it is being used in conjunction with the processing of XML. XML
is an extremely portable language, it can be used with multiple platforms extent as the Internet, it
can be on a handheld device or handheld computer on a large network or handheld use. XML is an
extensible language, which means you can create your own tags, or use the label has been created.
There are other advantages of using XML. It is a language–independent platform. It can be deployed
on any network, if it is an application–friendly usage and use. If the application can work with
XML, then XML can work on any platform, knows no borders. It is vendor–independent and
autonomous systems. XML is used to exchange data, there will be no loss of data even if the format
between disparate

A Based System For Information Technology Department
A Clustering Based System for DiversifyingWSRec Results Ms. Apurwa Atre Information
Technology Department ,ICOER, SPPU , Pune, India apurwaatre1994@gmail.com
Ms.NayanKamble Information Technology Department , ICOER, SPPU , Pune , India
kamble.nayan28@gmail.com Ms.VineetaBisht Information Technology Department , ICOER, SPPU
, Pune , India vinitab1994@gmail.com Mr.TejasMamarde Information Technology Department
,ICOER, SPPU , Pune , India tejasxs@gmail.com ABSTRACT The use of Web services for various
applications has led to the growth of web services on a large scale. Due to the increase in usage of
web services, it has become of prime importance to design systems for effective web service
recommendation. In our project, we propose a system for effective web service recommendations
incorporating users' preferences regarding quality and diversities amongst web services. Users'
requirements are considered and mined from his usage history. Then we find functional similarities
using clustering techniques followed by applying a ranking algorithm to list top–k services. To
discover high quality Web services, a number of QoS models for Web services and QoS–driven
service selection approaches have been proposed in the service computing field. In this system user
explicitly specifies his/her interests and QoS requirements, and submits them to the service
discovery system. Then the service discovery system matches the user's interests and QoS
requirements with corresponding

Baderman Island Resort Essay
Introduction
Baderman's Island Resort has three hotels, a convention center, four restaurants, two gift shops, a
pro shop, and a spa. The Baderman's marketing department determines to increase Baderman's
market share by introducing the resort to a new generation of internet–savvy potential guests. The
aim is to introduce Web 2.0 functionalities such as interface to social networking sites, incorporation
of videos, multimedia, wikis, blogs, and mobile access to their website. After reviewing Baderman's
Island Resort's business objective and deciding on the web technology that best suits for meeting
these objective, we have propose below implementation recommendation.
It is important that Baderman Island Resort stay competitive in the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The XML schema will define the data of certain elements, and even constrain it to within specific
lengths or values, which helps maintain the accuracy of data. One big advantages of using schemas
is that it helps make sure that everyone on the project agrees as to how an XML document should be
laid out. In addition, by using schemas we will enable validation in XML parser which makes it
easier to tell when a piece of code fails because it has given some bad XML.
Cascading Style Sheets
It is Baderman's business objective that the website is accessible though all hardware devices, it
could be a laptop, cell phones, PDAa, iPhone, or Blackberry, as long as it has access to internet, it
should be able to browser Baderman's website. With this in mind we recommend the use of
Cascading Style Sheet (CSS). Instead embedding style with the web content, we use separate CSS
document to indicate how the webpage will be rendered. This will give us the flexibility to build
different style sheet for different mediums, for example; one each for PC, mobile devices and print
friendly each. According to EzineArticles.com (2011), with CSS, web designing can be established
by creating attractive pages with much flair. CSS Web Design provides web sites for businesses and
organizations who want to use the internet to expand and develop their business. Choosing CSS as a
sytlesheet for Baderman's websites has many advantages.CSS

Parallel Web Pages in English and Regional Languages
Language identification of written text in the domain of Latin script based languages is a well–
studied research area. However, new challenges arise when it is applied to non–Latin–script based
languages, particularly for Asian languages' web pages. Web page classification creates new
research challenges because of the noisy nature of the pages. It's no doubt that English has been the
predominant language for the World Wide Web since its inception and so it's usage is confined to a
specific community of people have a good grasp of the English language. The serviceability factors
of the Internet have proven to be beneficial to a highly educated society, because of the linguistic
barrier. The solution to this problem is to provide web pages in regional languages. Our aim is to
provide web pages in pairs, of Devanagari and English web pages if it exists. In order to provide
parallel Web Pages in native language Hindi or Marathi on the fly we require classification of web
pages in Devanagari and English. We had experiment on 500 web pages in English and Devanagari
web pages and could label it correctly.
Keywords: Classification of Devanagari Web pages, UTF–8 Encoding .
1.Introduction
With the explosion of multi–lingual data on the Internet, the need and demand for an effective
automated language identifier for web pages is further increased. Web search in Indian languages is
constantly gaining importance. With the fast growth of Indian language content on the web, many

Perpetuation And Maintenance Of Reading
PERPETUATION AND MAINTENANCE OF READING THINKS AND OTHER ARTICLES IN
LIBRARY: AN OVERVIEW
Abstract: In this digital library environment, the traditional library system and services are being
replaced by new techniques such as library automation, collection development of e–resources and
networking of libraries. There has been tremendous change in the information world. Everyone has
to adopt these changes such as printed to digital form. A perpetuation is a set of procedures,
activities and preserves all the documents long term, preserving their content. This paper provides
an overview of the major perpetuation activities, definition, concept, process and types of media for
perpetuation. This paper also presents the perpetuation standards of library materials.
Keywords: Perpetuation, Maintenance, Digital format, perpetuation standards.
Introduction:
The library houses the document by considering the long–term perpetuation of the items while still
allowing the end user to access the material easily. But all library collections experience damage
from use and decay from aging. So there is a need of perpetuation and maintenance of library
materials. Libraries have always been places where information resources were collected, organized
and perpetuated for the use of future generations. However, application of computers has drastically
changed the work culture of libraries. Now in the changing environment, the volume of information
rapidly increasing and users'

Really Simple Syndication Allows for Updated Information
Introduction
RSS (Rich Site Summary) originally RDF Site Summary; often called
Really Simple Syndication uses a domestic of standard feed plans to publish frequently updated
information: new entries, news headlines, audio, and video. An RSS document is also called "feed"
includes full or summarized text, and metadata, like publishing date and author's name.
This allows users to get and understand the information, so that all of the lists they're interested in
can be tracked and modified for them. It is a format that's planned for use by computers on behalf of
people, rather than being directly offered to them (like HTML).
A standard XML file format guarantees compatibility with many diverse machines/programs. RSS
feeds also advantage users who want to receive timely updates from favorite websites or to
collective data from many sites.
Subscribing to a website RSS eliminates the basic for the user to physically check the web site for
new content. Instead, their browser regularly displays the site and informs the user of any updates
that has been made by web developer. The browser can also be ordered to automatically download
the new data for the user.
How it Works
Consider about all of the information that you access on the Web every day; news headlines, search
results, what's new, jobs available etc.
RSS reader can be web–based, desktop–based, or mobile–devices. Users subscribe to the feeds
either by entering a feed's URI into the reader. The RSS reader

ASSIGNMENT 06
Student ID: 1312311 Full name: Hùynh Văn Lâm ASSIGNMENT 06 1). Exercises 6.5.1: Write the
following database modifications, based on the database schema Product (maker , model , type) PC
(model , speed , ram , hd , rd , price) Laptop (model , speed , ram , hd , screen , price) Printer (model
, color , type , price) of Exercise 5.2.1. Describe the effect of the modifications on the data of that
exercise. a)Using two INSERT statements store in the database the fact that PC model 1100 is made
by manufacturer C, has speed 1800, RAM 256, hard disk 80, a 20x DVD, and sells for $2499. !
INSERT INTO PC VALUES (1100, 1800, 256, 80, '20x DVD', 2499) c) Delete all PC 's with less
than 20 gigabytes of hard disk. DELETE FROM PC WHERE HD < ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
UPDATE Classes SET bore = bore * 2.5, displacement = displacement/1.1 e) Delete all classes with
fewer than three ships. DELETE FROM Classes WHERE class IN (SELECT class FROM Ships
GROUP BY class HAVING COUNT(name) < 3) 2). Exercises 6.7.1: From the following base tables
of our running example

The Relational Model For Data Storage
Abstract
The relational model, which uses predefined tabular relations to store data, has remained the
preeminent model for data storage since it was first implemented in the early 1980s. However, due
to the proliferation of the Internet, today data flows in and out of organizations quickly, and most of
this data is in a semi–structured state that is designed for communication over http. It is difficult to
fit this complex data into a flat two dimensional array. For that reason, it is imperative that
companies have the ability to store data in a semi–structured format compatible with modern
network communications as well as various platforms and devices. The market has realized this and
responded with document stores that support formats, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, the proliferation of the Internet in the late twentieth century has changed the database
landscape rapidly and drastically.
Today, interconnected networks around the globe stream data to a profusion of devices that range
from powerful mainframe supercomputers, and massive grids of commodity machines to
smartphones and tiny single–board computers embedded in home appliances. Most of the flow of
data is done through the Internet or over other large TCP/IP networks that utilize HTTP
communications. For that reason, most of this data is in a semi–structured state that is designed not
for storage in a relational database, but for communication over HTTP. This data often arrives and
leaves in a voluminous stream. It is therefore difficult for organizations to convert the data quickly
to and from a format that is conforms to the rigid tabular structure of a relational schema.
Support for semi–structured data is integral to the collection and storage of data in the Internet age.
While the relational model is sill a good long term storage solution, organizations must be able to
store and query semi–structured data that is in a format compatible with HTTP communication
because almost all modern devices use this medium of communication. While XML can serve as a
solution to this problem, JSON, a condensed format that is based on the well–known JavaScript
language, has many benefits over XML which I will

Taking a Look at Validation Models
Schemas are important validation tools which can ensure data is valid and well formed for use.
There are different varieties that can be used to verify a document and ensure conformance to
standards. Some use a tree hierarchy and others just simple constructs. Lee and Chu (2000) note the
following in their paper; DTD, XSD, SOX, Schematron and DSD. Fawcett et al (2012) mention
Schematron, DTD, RELAX NG, and XSD. I will discuss some of these in comparison to DTD and
XSD which are follow–ons from this week's Schema discussions.
DTD
This Schema type on uses attributes and elements and follows a hierarchy in structure type. It is very
simplistic and uses few attribute definitions, and does not follow XML type syntax. However,
despite its simplistic nature, it is the most widely used standard according to Lee and Chu (2000).
XSD
The true XML Schema Definition is very different from DTD in that it can be very granular in its
descriptive elements and follows XML syntax rules. This can make it very powerful, in its support
of namespaces and true data types, allowing for better conformity and use in data transformation and
query. Another strength of XML Schema is it inheritance, which can simplify some reuse of
attributes and combining of Schema documents. Its weakness goes hand in hand with its strength as
the complexity it allows for causes confusion by all but the most advanced users according to
Fawcett et al (2012).
RELAX NG
This method of validation arrived as a

Three E-Business Marketing Strategies
Abstract:
Advancement in the internet and information Technology provides several opportunities and
different channels for businesses to market to products services. Deploying an effective targeted e–
marketing campaigns an important strategic decision for businesses to stay competitive and to
increase profitability. The three e–business marketing strategies are: e–commerce website, e–
marketing and web services using underlying web technologies including Extensible Markup
Language, Simple object Access protocol, Web Services Description Language and Universal
Descript on, Discovery and International specification using NuSOAP Web Services Toolkit for
PHP, HTML, My SQL, HTTP etc. We evaluate the effectiveness of the web technologies used ...
The company took in to account product features, costs, staff training needs and costs maintenance
and upgrade costs, data conversion costs, IT equipment upgrade costs to meet the various product
specification requirements.
Proposed solution to solve of problems and challenges for externally hosted platforms, the popular
choice is between Microsoft Windows Web Server and Linux running Apache Web Server.
Microsoft Windows Web Server support Microsoft native programming language ASP.net from the
.net frame work family. Linux Apache Web Server does not support ASP.net. Another web
technologies decision to make is the specifications, frame works and toolkits to use for deploying
the web services. A web service according to Glass is software service "that accepts digital requests
and returns digital responses". Many people think that the term web service is a specialized service
that can be used across the World Wide Web that lead to opinions like "Web services will fail
because there won't be enough demand for subscriptions to internet software services.
Web service is a specialized service that can be used across the World Wide Web that lead to
opinions like "web services will fail because there won't be enough demand for subscriptions to
internet

Reflection Paper On Identity
A person's life is made up of an impossibly unique combination of moments, interactions, and
relationships, all of which amalgamate to create a human with an identity unlike any other in the
world. When looking at a person's life up close, it almost appears as if their identity is something
that has been relatively constant throughout their life, however, if a person's life is looked at a
through a more holistic perspective, it's easier to see how specific events, people, and relationships
in their life made them who they are today. For this assignment, I was tasked with conducting in–
depth interviews pertaining to life experiences and identities with another member of the class.
Through the interview process, hidden sentiments arose, truths were revealed, and I had the
opportunity to see the different ways in which my identity was formed. In analyzing these
interviews, I found that through using the works of influential identity theorists, Daniel J. Canary,
Michael J. Cody, Valerie L. Manusov, Jan E. Stets, and Peter J. Burke, I was able to dissect my
interview and correlate specific instances of my past to aspects of my current identity, specifically
my independent, self–assured, and open–minded disposition. The first identity theory that will be
looked at is Canary et al's The Four Cognitive Processes. There are many facets to this theory, but
some prominent aspects that will be looked at are those of schema, family structure, and stereotypes.
Schema is defined as a

Analysis Of Frederic Bartlett 's Theory
Frederic Bartlett (1932) is argued to have laid the foundation for a schema theory with the "key
assumption of previous knowledge affecting the processing of new stimuli" (Carbon & Albrecht,
2012, p. 2258). Bartlett's interest was in the role played by prior knowledge in the interpretation of
stories. This may explain why the concept "knowledge" appeared as a key term in Rumelhart's
(1980) famous definition of the notion of schemas, or as he prefers to call it, "schemata":
[S]chemata can represent knowledge at all levels from ideologies and cultural truths to knowledge
about the meaning of a particular word, to knowledge about what patterns of excitations are
associated with what letters of the alphabet. We have schemata to represent all levels of our
experience, at all levels of abstraction. Finally, our schemata are our knowledge. All of our generic
knowledge is embedded in schemata. (p. 41)
However, as Gregory (2002) argues, it should be noted that such knowledge, be it implicit or
explicit, is shared by the members of a social group "by way of their discourses"; and therefore "the
pattern of their knowledge is observable and so describable, and this caters too for what is pertinent
about an individual's knowledge" (Gregory, 2002, p. 16). Another important aspect of schema–based
knowledge is discussed by van Dijk and Kintsch (1983, p. 47), that is, such knowledge represents
"descriptions, not definitions"; and they (ibid., pp. 47–48) set the illustrative example of

Exploring the Schema Theory of Learning Essay
Theories of Learning
Schema Theory
Overview: Schema Theory is part of the cognitive theories of learning module and deals with how
the brain processes new knowledge (Chalmers, 2003). Schemata are packets of prior knowledge that
have been stored in a learner's memory. Each learner has developed schemata that are based on prior
experience and knowledge. Learners seek to connect new information with prior knowledge and use
generalizations to assist in organization of information. Schema Theory is focused on conceptual
learning and states that knowledge seeks organization in order to develop meaning (Anderson,
1984).
Contributors: Major contributors to Schema Theory include Frederic Bartlett, Jean Piaget, Richard
C. Anderson, Marvin ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This meaning is interrelated to prior knowledge and/or experience. "Without a schema to which an
event can be assimilated, learning is slow and uncertain" (Anderson, 1984, pg. 5). Knowledge that
does is not easily connected with previous schemata may undergo a form of schema evolution or be
discarded (Rumelhart & Norman, 1980). Thus, development of new schemata or expanding of
existing schemata relies heavily on a learner's prior knowledge.
Application: Schema Theory's application in the learning environment can be seen in a variety of
ways in the learning environment. Schema Theory relies heavily on building connections to prior
learning. Therefore, it is crucial to employ teaching to expand learner's general knowledge and
concepts in order to provide a base for schematic connections. Teachers can be seen reminding
students of what they already know in order to build on previous knowledge and help make
connections to new ideas. However, teachers must understand that not all learner's schemata are the
same. A method of instruction that has its roots in Schema Theory and is often used in learning
environments is concept mapping. Concept mapping allows students to build on their previous
knowledge by connecting a cluster of concepts to a memory that is already encoded. Another way
teachers often tap into schemata theory is by focusing on skill based learning rather than rote
memorization. By

Scrivener Research Paper Outline
What is Scrivener? Basically, it's writing software that keeps you organized. If you are writing your
novel in a Word document with notebooks, index cards, and multiple files to keep track of your
character's backstories as well as the outline of the book, this software will feel like an amazing gift
from your muse. Benefits of the Writing Software When writing your novel, you'll begin to realize
that it's crafted from a variety of small parts. There's your outline, which you will refer to frequently
during the writing process. Even if you don't outline, there will be reference materials and research
that you'll look at while writing. Each character will have a backstory, quirks, a description, and a
relationship to other characters. All of these individual pieces could be scattered in a dozen places.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Each chapter is separate, so you can easily search or rearrange them as needed. Imagine you're
writing a scene with Jennifer and her sister Alex, and you vaguely remember that you might have
mentioned Alex's eye color a few chapters ago. You can easily click to the chapter or do a global
search of the entire document where all instances of her eye color were mentioned. Brainstorm,
Outline, and Organize Some writers find that they need index cards for organizing their story.
Scrivener has you covered there. They have a corkboard for adding and organizing digital index
cards with your outline, character information, or location details. Each chapter or bit of research is
kept as a separate "file" of sorts. You'll be able to add information as needed to the draft or outline as
well as change each chapter's status. If you're finished with a chapter and have revised it to your
satisfaction, you can change the status to Final

Advantages Of Schema Theory
Schema Theory states that humans organize information about the world into social and textual
schemas. Schemata are models of concepts that serve as shortcuts to understanding or predicting our
perceptions. They are cognitive structures that are affected by our culture and prior experiences.
Schemata are culture specific and oversimplify reality, and can lead to stereotypes, prejudice, social
roles and reconstructive memory. The schema theory was first developed by Jean Piaget in 1926. He
argued that children learned through existing schemas and preconceived ideas of the world. These
schemas are either assimilated or accommodated. Assimilation is when you add to your knowledge
bank of existing schemas. Accommodation is when you change your ... Show more content on
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One of the strengths of the schema theory is that it has been proven very helpful in the explanation
of how cognitive operations function (e.g. reasoning, perception and reasoning). Schemata help
interpret situations and comprehend social issues such as bias and the creation of stereotypes. It has
also contributed to the understanding of reconstructive memory and memory distortion. This theory
is testable and a wide range of studies provide evidence for it such as the Bartlett (1932) "The War
of Ghosts" and Brewer and Treyens (1981) Experiment on memory of objects in a room. There is
also biological research to support the idea that our brain processes information through
categorization. The Caramazza (2009) study demonstrated that our brains automatically classify
information about living and nonliving objects, in the same way that schema theory suggests.
Schema Theory can also be applied to several fields of psychology such as abnormal psychology
(Beck's Cognitive Theory of Depression), health psychology (health campaigns) and human
relationships (violence and bullying). Schema theory is applied cross–culturally although most of
the research has been conducted in the West. One of the limitations of the schema theory is that it is
still unclear how schemas are constructed and where they originate from, although many
psychologists argue they stem from cultural frameworks (traditions, values, myths and customs).
Also, it is difficult to explain how these mental representations influence mental processes, because
it is impossible to observe how schema processing occurs in the brain. Another limitation is that
schema theory mainly focuses on the errors in recalling memory when in reality people usually
remember correctly. Overall, with the amount of strengths and limitations of schema theory, the
strengths conclusively outweigh

Semantic Web And The Web
another day, right now we are sticking to the Semantic Web. We should first wait until the Semantic
Web is completed before we jump to the next thing on the list. (Aghaei, Nematbakhsh and Farsani)
(Frauenfelder)
The million dollar question is: what is the Semantic Web? The Semantic Web is not a completely
new web that is going to replace the current web, it is simply and extension from the present web.
The idea of Web 3.0 is for the information in the web to be understood and recognized by the
computer. Today the web is a big global storage that stores files for humans to read, not computers,
humans. This in what the Semantic Web is going to change by allowing computers to read and
understand the information and data stored in the web. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A better way to help understand the Semantic Web would be a scenario placed by the Tim Berners–
Lee. First, imagine that you are registering for an online conference. The website of the conference
contains not only the event date, time and location, but also information from the closest hotel and
airport. In real and regular life a you would have to make sure you have a time in your schedule that
is compatible with the online conference for you to be able to attend. Next you would have to make
arrangements for the flight by buying a ticket and for the hotel by reserving a room that meets your
needs. According to Berners–Lee right now there is no way you can simply say "I want to go to the
event" because you have to make plans by making arrangements. However, with the semantic web
this scenario of simply wanting to go without making previous arrangements is possible because
with the Semantic Web the airport and hotel arrangements can be done by simply pressing a button.
The SM would book your flight and it will reserve your room as well, without you having the need
to pick up the phone to call a reservation desk, or you having to visit the hotel's or airport's website.
As you can see Web 3.0 can facilitate our tasks tremendously.(Frauenfelder) (Dumbill) (Hendler,
Berners–Lee and Miller)
After reading about what the Semantic Web is it might seem like there is

Xml Pdf : A Format For Documents
XML is popular as a format for documents as well as databases. Many applications use XML files to
store their configuration, and rely on it for remote procedure calling services like XML–RPC and
SQL to format the messages that they exchange using XML. XML's structure allows it to be tested
to ensure that it 's both well–formed and valid in a standardized, programmatic like fashion in order
to take a lot of the reading and modifying of the data file off of the application developer when he or
she is writing a program. XML might need to be integrated with a relational database. The structured
operability of XML makes it a good choice for use with a data interchange format. As an example
let 's imagine that a company routinely receives inventory information from a supplier. That
information might be stored in something like an Oracle database on a server in the supplier 's
system but may need to be imported into a database such as an Access database when the company
receives it. XML would make a good intermediate format for the data because of it 's easy to write
programs that import and export all the data and because, by using XML the data can be used in
future applications that would require it as well. Another example might be a service like Yahoo!
Finance. Yahoo finance is a web site that provides financial information, including stock quotes,
stock exchange rates, international market data, and much more. Consumers can receive financial
data in XML format from Yahoo!

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