This document provides information about Issue 47 of the scientific journal "Nursing Care and Research". It includes an index of articles in this issue, which are a systematic review on factors affecting emergency department service, a systematic review on factors influencing nurses' quality of life, an evaluation of Ministry of Health health education materials, and a study on quality of life and stress in patients with chronic kidney disease. It also provides details on the journal, including publication details, the editorial board, instructions for authors submitting manuscripts, and the peer review process.

1. 1ISSUE 47
SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL, 3 ISSUES PER YEAR JANUARY - APRIL 2017
Published by the Greek
Nursing Studies
Association (GNSA)
ISSUE
47
INDEXED IN SCOPUS, ΕΒSCO, CINAHL
ISSN 22413960
• Investigate the factors affecting the efficient and
effective service in the A&E.D systematic Review
• Exploring the factors influencing health-related
quality of life in nurses
• Evaluation of health education written material of the
Ministry of Health
• Determinants of quality of life and stress among patients
with chronic renal disease
PUBLICATIONS
οcelotos

2. 2

3. 3ISSUE 47
Scientific Journal, 3 Issues per Year
Published by the Greek Nursing Studies Association (GNSA)
Nursing
Care AND Research
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Chryssoula Lemonidou, RN, MSc, PhD, Professor
of Nursing, University of Athens
CO-EDITORS
Eleni Apostolopoulou, RN, PhD, Emeritus Professor of
Nursing, University of Athens
Ioannis Elefsiniotis, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Panagiota Sourtzi, RN, MSc, PhD, Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Olga Siskou, RN, M.Sc. Ph.D, Faculty of Nursing, Univer-
sity of Athens, General Secretary of the Greek Nurs-
ing Studies Association
EDITORIAL BOARD
Lambros Anthopoulos, Emeritus Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
George Baltopoulos, PhD, Emeritus Professor, Faculty
of Nursing, University of Athens
Thalia Bellali, RN, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor of
Nursing, Technological Educational Institute of Thes-
saloniki
Konstantinos Birbas, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty
of Nursing, University of Athens
Gerasimos Bonatsos, PhD, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
Charalambos Economou, Associate Professor, Depart-
ment of Sociology, Panteion University
Petros Galanis, RN, MPH, PhD, Center for Health Ser-
vices Management and Evaluation, Department of
Nursing, National & Kapodistrian University of Ath-
ens
Margarita Giannakopoulou, MSc, PhD, Associate Pro-
fessor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens
Leonidas Grigorakos, Associate Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Michael Igoumenidis, RN, M.Sc. Ph.D.
Dafni Kaitelidou, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty
of Nursing, University of Athens
Ioannis Kaklamanos, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty
of Nursing, University of Athens
Maria Kalafati, RN, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Nursing, Uni-
versity of Athens
Athina Kalokerinou, RN, PhD, Professor of Nursing,
Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens
Evangelos Konstantinou, RN, MSc, PhD, Associate
Professor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens
Vassiliki Matziou, RN, PhD, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
Pavlos Myrianthefs, PhD, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
Elisabeth Patiraki, RN, PhD, Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Sotiris Plakas, RN, MSc, PhD, General Hospital of At-
tika «Sismanoglion»
Olga Siskou, RN, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Nursing, Uni-
versity of Athens, General Secretary of the Greek
Nursing Studies Association
EleniTheodossopoulou, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
John Albarran, Principal Lecturer in Critical Care
Nursing, University of the West of England, Bris-
tol, UK
Maria Katopodi, PhD, Assistant Professor, University
of Michigan, USA
Katerina Labrinou, PhD, Assistant Professor in Nurs-
ing, Cyprus University of Technology
Anastasia Mallidou, RN, MSc, PhD, Assistant
Professor, University of Victoria, Canada
Anastasios Merkouris, RN, MSc, PhD, Associate
Professor of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Cyprus
University of Technology
Evridiki Papastavrou, PhD, Assistant Professor in
Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology
Elisabeth D.E. Papathanassoglou, RN, MSc, PhD,
Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Cyprus
University of Technology
Julie Scholes, Professor of Nursing, University of
Brighton, Brighton, UK
Riita Suhonen, RN, PhD, Profes sor, University of
Turku, Department of Nursing Science, Turku,
Finland

4. 4

5. 5ISSUE 47
Contents
NursingCare AND Research
Published by the Greek Nursing Studies Association (GNSA)
Publisher and Editor-in-Chief: Chryssoula Lemonidou
Address: 123, Papadiamantopoulou st., 115 27 - Athens, GREECE
Tel.: +30 210-7461485
e-mail: info@nursingstudies.gr
Technical publisher: Ocelotos publishing
Annual Subscriptions 2012 for Εlectronic Version
Public Services, Libraries, Companies, Organisations: € 30,00
Individual Subscriptions: € 20,00
© Copyright 2007 - 2014: All rights reserved. The reproduction of articles (or parts of them) is
prohibited without permission of the publisher and the writers.
Instructions to Authors����������������������������������������������������������������������� 7
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Investigate the factors affecting the efficient and
effective service in the AE.D systematic Review��������� 23
A. Efstathiou, M. Symeou, D. Kaitelidou, G. Charalambous
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Exploring the factors influencing health-related
quality of life in nurses���������������������������������������������������������37
M. Symeou, A. Evstathiou, G. Charalambous, D. Kaitelidou,
E. Jelastopulu
ORIGINAL PAPER
Evaluation of health education written material
of the Ministry of Health������������������������������������������������������� 55
E. Kotsi, P. Sourtzi, G.Stagia
ORIGINAL PAPER
Determinants of quality of life and stress among
patients with chronic renal disease����������������������������������� 67
R. Papadopoulos, P.Galanis, A. Papagianni, G. Hronidis, E Freggidou,
A.Bilali, M. Theodorou

6. 6
GENERAL INFORMATION
1. “Nursing Care and Research” publishes, fol-
lowing peer review, articles in Greek or English,
contributing to the understanding and devel-
opment of all aspects of nursing care. The Ed-
itorial Department receives manuscripts relat-
ing to nursing practice, research, education
and management, with scientific, theoretical
or philosophical basis.
2. Papers published in the journal belong to
one of the following categories: a) research
studies, b) literature reviews and c) articles re-
lating to developments in nursing practice,
education and management. Additionally, let-
ters (no longer than 500 words), including re-
views or comments on previously published
work, are published if submitted within two (2)
months from the publication of the research
concerned.
3. Manuscripts must be submitted exclusive-
ly to the “Nursing Care and Research” journal,
they must not have been published in print or
electronic form, or undergo peer review at an-
other journal or medium at the time of sub-
mission. The Editorial Director decides time of
publication and reserves the right to change
manuscript format; however, large or substan-
tial changes are made only following author
consent.
Authors should avoid submitting two man-
uscripts from the same study without clear
justification. Also, they should not include in
new work material from background litera-
ture reviews that have already been published
(eg avoidance of self-plagiarism). In the event
that two papers emerge from the same re-
search study, presenting different aspects of
the work at hand, they must be submitted in-
dependently and not as two parts of the same
article. Each article should be autonomous
and must not include the other, although
cross - references can be made. When a com-
plete description of the research methodology
is made in the first article a brief description is
sufficient in the the second provided the first is
adequately referenced. Generally, one should
avoid publishing numerous individual papers
emanating from the same study (“salami slic-
ing”) and instead should focus on the different
aspects and research findings within a single
publication.
If the manuscript is accepted for publication,
the authors must complete and send via fax
at 00302107461485 the Non-Publication in An-
other Medium Form, which forms part of the
supporting files as required in the submission
process.
Instructions for Authors
MISSION AND AIM OF THE JOURNAL
“Nursing Care and Research” is a peer-reviewed journal accepting manuscripts from researchers
from Greece and abroad. Its mission is to contribute to the development of nursing science and
practice in Greece as well as internationally. The aim is to promote and disseminate new knowledge
and research data for eventual application in clinical practice. To this end, nurses and other affiliated
researchers are invited to submit high-calibre manuscripts in Greek or English. The journal welcomes
original research papers, reviews, theoretical or philosophical articles, interesting clinical cases and
methodological articles from experts. Nursing Care and Research is recognized at national level (FEK
issue B 1961/23-9-2008) and is indexed at the CINHAL, EBSCO and SCOPUS International Databases.

7. 7ISSUE 47
4. Author participation in the drafting pro-
cess
All authors cited in a manuscript must have ac-
tively contributed to the conception and de-
sign of the study and/or the analysis and in-
terpretation of data and/or in drafting the
manuscript and all should have analysed and
approved the content of the final version sub-
mitted for publication. Participation only in
the funding-seeking process or data collection
does not justify listing among the authors, and
can be acknowledged in the Acknowledge-
ment section. For this reason, when several au-
thors are cited, a separate letter is required ex-
plaining in detail the contribution of each (eg
methodological design, statistical analysis and
interpretation, drafting of final text, reviewing
and editing, literature review etc). The editori-
al department reserves the right to contact au-
thors to obtain clarifications on specific issues.
5. Submission process
Manuscriptsforpublicationaresubmittedelec-
tronically via e-mail: info@nursingstudies.gr
in Word for Windows format. Figures, tables,
graphics and images (only black white) are
to be submitted in separate files in JPEG, GIF,
TIFF, Microsoft PowerPoint and Excel formats.
Authors are advised to confirm that their work
has been received by contacting the Secre-
tariat on weekdays between 10.00-16.00, tel:
00302106512282. In addition, authors should
always maintain a copy of their work.
6. Periodicity
The journal is published three (3) times per
year (quarterly) and includes research pa-
pers submitted exclusively by its subscribers.
The author or at least one of the authors of
any manuscripts submitted must already be a
registered subscriber of the journal or a paid
member of the Nursing Studies Society for the
current year.
7. Retention of material
Authors are advised that submitted manu-
scripts are kept in record for one month af-
ter publication. If there is a request for the re-
turn of any material it should be clearly stated
when manuscripts are being submitted.
Organisation and format
8. Script: Texts should be double-spaced,
with font size 12 and 2.5 cm white margin on
all sides of each A4 page. All pages must be
numbered in the lower right corner and the
figures, tables, graphics and photos are to be
submitted in separate pages, in continuous
numbering.
9. Identification Page: The first page of each
manuscript includes the title (up to 15 words)
and the names of the authors in Greek and En-
glish. Each author name is accompanied by
qualifications, the last professional title, em-
ployer, mailing and e-mail address and tele-
phone number. In case of several authors, the
name of the author to whom inquiries regard-
ing the paper should be directed must be indi-
cated (corresponding author).
The authors of research studies cannot exceed
six (6), apart from exceptional circumstanc-
es when it comes to multi-disciplinary, large-
scale multicenter studies. The authors of oth-
er types of manuscripts cannot exceed two (2).
All authors listed in the manuscript must have
made an active contribution to the conception
and design of the study and/or the analysis
and interpretation of data and/or in the draft-
ing of the manuscript and everyone should
have studied and approved the final version
submitted for publication. Participation only
in the funding-seeking process or data collec-
tion does not justify listing among the authors,
and can be acknowledged in the Acknowledg-
ment section.
The identification page will be stored at the
journal’s Secretariat office until the comple-
tion of each anonymous peer review, receiv-
ing a code number communicated to the au-
thor via e-mail. With this number the author
can request information on the progress of
their manuscript following submission.
10. Title Page: Immediately after the identi-
fication page, follows the title page, which in-
cludes the title and the running title of the pa-
per. The running title will appear in Greek and

8. 8
English language and cannot exceed five (5)
words. This page does not list names of au-
thors or any other item that violates their ano-
nymity during the peer-review process.
11. AbstractsandKeywords:The title page is
followed by the abstracts (up to 250 words) in
Greek and English, which will accurately sum-
marize the content of the work. The abstract
includes a) introduction, b) aim(s), c) method-
ology, d) results and e) conclusion, and must
not contain bibliographical references and ab-
breviations. Each abstract is followed by up to
six (6) keywords that indicate the content, pur-
pose and focus of the manuscript.
12. Main body of work: The area of ​​the main
body of the manuscript should be 2,000-5,000
words (excluding abstracts, tables and bibliog-
raphy). Short manuscripts (up to 2,500 words
in the main body and up to fifteen (15) refer-
ences) are particularly welcome. This option is
recommended for the dissemination of small-
scale research studies of outstanding val-
ue, without the possibility of extrapolations
or repetition. In addition, smaller-scale man-
uscripts are more likely to reach publication
stage faster.
The manuscript should include headings to
further clarify text sections. Proposed head-
ings include: a) introduction, b) literature re-
view, c) aims, d) research questions and
assumptions, e) sample f) data collection pro-
cess, g) reliability and validity, h) ethical issues,
i) data analysis, j) results, k) discussion, l) lim-
itations of the study,m) conclusions and rel-
evance to nursing practice, n) acknowledg-
ments etc. Headings must be selected and
adapted to content needs and their hierarchi-
cal order should be clearly distinguishable; for
example first level headings should appear in
upper case and bold fonts, second level head-
ings in lower case and bold fonts, third level
headings in italics and so on and so forth.
Study population anonymity and informed
consent
In order to ensure anonymity, the manuscript
should not include the names of specific in-
dividuals, hospitals or other entities, without
their explicit consent. Furthermore, patients
retain a fundamental right in regards to re-
specting their privacy which should not be in-
fringed without their informed consent. How-
ever, in those cases where the authors consider
that certain personal patient data are essen-
tial for scientific purposes (such as patient ini-
tials or photographs or names of hospitals) in-
formed consent is necessary. This means that
authors are required to show the final version
of their work (with the accompanying files: Im-
ages and Annexes) prior to submission to the
journal and receive written consent from the
patients.
In each case, the authors should make an ef-
fort to ensure the greatest possible degree of
patient anonymity. For example, covering the
eye area in photos does not fully ensure the
anonymity of the depicted. Changes in some
patient characteristics is the technique rec-
ommended to authors, provided that these
changes do not distort/misinterpret the re-
search results. Such changes should always be
communicated to the publisher along with as-
surances that these changes will not result in
any “alteration” of a scientific nature. Obtain-
ing of the written informed consent should be
stated in the methodology section, in the final
text of the submitted manuscript.
ADHERING TO THE HUMAN RIGHTS CODE OF
CONDUCT
Should authors publish results of studies con-
ducted on humans, the methodology section
should indicate whether they were conducted
according to the principles of the Declaration
of Human Rights, (Helsinki 1975) as revised in
2004. Should certain processes deviate from
these principles, these must be methodolog-
ically outlined and justified.
Specifically, concerning clinical studies (in-
vasive or not), authors should indicate, in the
methodology section whether they were con-
ducted upon approval of the National Agency

9. 9ISSUE 47
for Medicines (EOF) in accordance with Minis-
terial Decision DYG 3/89292 Gazette V1973/31-
12-2003 (aligned with Directive 2001/20/EC).
It should also be indicated that data is histori-
cal and should be referred to in the past tense.
The time of data collection should be reported
in both the abstract and the main text. For ex-
ample, in the case of empirical studies, this can
be stated thus: “Data collection was carriedout
during 2007” or “Data collection was performed
over 18 months, in the 2006-2007 period.” Note
that the “Nursing Care and Research” journal
does not publish studies citing data older than
five (5) years, unless current relevance is suffi-
ciently justified. In qualitative studies, individu-
als should refer to numbers or aliases (in quotes)
and mentions should be balanced equally across
the full range of responses.
In the case of reviews, the year of the review
should be reported and the range of publica-
tion years of the studies reviewed should be
reported. Such details should be mentioned
in historical studies. The statistical tests used,
ought to be defined and, where necessary,
documented with references.
Abbreviations and symbols should be used
rarely and only in the case of names or expres-
sions of extensive length. The full names or ex-
pressions will be referred to during first use,
followed by the abbreviation in parentheses.
In any case, abbreviations will follow the rules
set out by the Royal Society of Medicine Press.
13. Conficts of interest
Public confidence in the peer-review process
depends partly on the management of any
conflicting interests arising in the writing, eval-
uation and final publication decision as artic-
ulated by the editorial department. Conflicts
of interest arise when an author (or the institu-
tion to which the author belongs to), a review-
er or the Managing Editor maintain financial or
personal relationships that can in a negative
way affect their actions/judgment regarding
the manuscript submitted to the journal. More
specifically, according to the requirements for
manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals
(as issued in February 2006 by the Internation-
al Committee of Medical Journals Publishers)
conflicting interests arise when financial rela-
tionships exist (eg employer – employee, own-
ership of property, financial honorary prizes,
and paid expert opinions) and these are the
most easily identifiable cases and those that
most often undermine the credibility of the
journal, the publishers, the authors and the sci-
entific endeavours in general. However, con-
flicting interests may arise for other reasons as
well such as poor interpersonal relationships,
academic competition etc.
Authors must indicate at the end of the text
and prior to the references section if they con-
sider that the peer review of their work may be
affected or not by the existence of any conflict
of interest as described above.
14. Sources of funding
Authors should indicate details (entity name,
contact information, amount awarded) of all
funding sources from which their research
benefitted. Examples of such sources in-
clude: medical or non-medical interest com-
pany funds, scholarships, national or Europe-
an Community grants, support from scientific
bodies (eg scientific societies, non -profit insti-
tutions etc.). It should also be indicated if the
work was carried out as part of a national or
transnational program, financed by nation-
al or international sources. In this case, full de-
tails of the program (awarding body, duration,
amount of funding, etc.) must be disclosed.
This information should be listed in a separate
section following the conflicts of interest sec-
tion.
15. Acknowledgements
The funding sources section is followed by
the optional Acknowledgements section, stat-
ing the names and affiliations of all those who
contributed (eg through the provision of pri-
mary data, or by reviewing the text or provid-
ing their opinion) to the drafting of the man-
uscript (apart from the authors). This section

10. 10
should acknowledge any sponsors donating
materials and tools required for the research.
16. Bibliographic References: Bibliograph-
ic references in the text should indicate the
names of the authors followed by the date in
chronological order, eg. (Lewis 1975, Barnett
1992, Chalmers 1994). When there are more
than two authors, the name of the first author
followed by et al., eg. (Barder et al. 1994), is ref-
erenced in the text but all authors should be
listed in the bibliography. When quotes are
used in the text, the page should be referred
to eg. (Chalmers 1994, p.7). All references must
be from primary sources.
The literature list follows the Harvard system,
written in alphabetical order based on the sur-
name of the first author. The list should in-
clude authors’ surnames and initials, the date
of publication, article title, full name of journal,
volume number (and issue number if the vol-
ume pages are not consecutive) and the first
and last page of the article. When the refer-
ence applies to a book, the author, the date,
the title, followed by the publisher and the city
must be stated. When the reference applies to
a chapter in a book, details on the author(s) of
the book, the date, place of publication and
publisher must be provided. These references
that are said to be “in press”, shall be accepted
only if accompanied by a letter of acceptance
from the journal in question.
Examples:
Williams N. (2001). Patient resuscitation follow-
ing major thermal trauma. Nursing in Critical
Care: 6: 115-121
Muller D, Harns P, Watley L. (1986). Nursing
Children: Psychology Research and Practice.
London: Harper Row.
Lewis T, Hell J. (1992). Rhabdomyolysis and
Myoglobinuria. In: Hall J, Schmidt G, Wood L.
(eds), Principles of Critical Care, Volume 2. New
York: McGraw Hill.
Websites are refencees as follows:
National Institute for Clinical Excellence (2000)
Final appraisal determination: Drugs for early
thrombolysis in the treatment of acute myo-
cardial infarction, NICE, www.nice.org.uk/ar-
ticle.asp?a =36672. Last access on 7 October
2006.
17. Figures , Tables , Graphics , Photos :
Tables must be referred to herein as Tables,
numbered in the order they are presented, eg
as Table 1, Table 2, etc. and incorporated in the
correct place in the body of the text. All imag-
es, including photos, must be referred to here-
in as Figures and numbered in the order they
are presented, eg Figure 1, Figure 2 etc. They
must also be captioned and may be accom-
panied by a legend not exceeding thirty (30)
words. Figures of all forms will cover a single
column (width 86mm) or two columns when
needed (width 177mm). The journal reserves
the right to adjust the size of figures for tech-
nical reasons.
When material (including figures, tables, etc.)
that has already been published elsewhere ap-
pears in the manuscript, the written permis-
sion of the original authors (or those who own
the copyright of said material) must be ob-
tained. The authors of published papers are
fully liable for any copyright infringement.
Peer-review process
18. All submitted work is reviewed (anony-
mously) by two (2) independent referees/re-
viewers and, if they contain complex statistical
methodologies by a statistician as well. Re-
viewers decide whether an article is a) accept-
ed, b) requires modifications or c) rejected. In
case of disagreement among the reviewers,
the Managing Editor will reach a final decision,
taking into account all reviewer comments.
If the reviewers suggest modifications, the
manuscript is returned by the journal secretar-
iat to the corresponding author for redrafting
and resubmission within six weeks from the
date the comments were made (the review
process spans usually 6-8 weeks and in some
cases can reach up to 10 weeks). During resub-
mission, authors are required to indicate the
modifications they have carried out in accor-
dance to reviewer instructions in a letter to the
Managing Editor. The modified manuscript is
forwarded to the reviewers if deemed neces-

11. 11ISSUE 47
sary, and they confirm whether or not modi-
fications comply with their recommendations.
At that point the Managing Editor reaches the
final decision to publish the article.
19. Electronic Reprint: Following publica-
tion, the corresponding author will receive an
electronic reprint of the article in PDF format.
Electronic reprints will be distributed by him/
her to the other authors. The journal does not
issue printed reprints of published work.
COPYRIGHT
20. In order to publish any article in the “Nurs-
ing Care and Research” journal, the authors are
asked to grant this exclusive right to the Soci-
ety for Nursing Studies. Along with the draft
for modifications the authors receive an Au-
thorization for Exclusive Publication form
which must be filled, signed and returned by
mail (or by email as a pdf file) to the journal,
along with the modified manuscript.
When a paper is derived from an extensive re-
search study and the same or other authors
have prepared additional papers, which have
been published or submitted for publication
in this or other journals, the corresponding
author must notify the Managing Editor so as
to ensure that third party copyright is not in-
fringed. Any impact emanating from copyright
infringement lies exclusively with the authors
of published articles and the journal will pro-
ceed with all necessary actions.
FINAL NOTE
Subscribers preparing manuscripts for publi-
cation in the “Nursing Care and Research” jour-
nal are requested to adhere to these Instruc-
tions for Authors carefully in order to avoid
delays in the publication of their work and the
publication of new volumes of the journal.

12. 12
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: A properly organized AE
Department must provide a high quality emer-
gency care and contribute significantly to limit-
ing mortality and morbidity.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this literature review
was to investigate- the factors affecting the effi-
cient and effective services of AE department.
METHODS: This is a systematic review of all
research articles looking into the factors af-
fecting the efficient and effective services of
the AE department. The literature review was
performed between October and November,
2015 in the databases PubMed, Cochrane Li-
brary, Wiley online library and Google scholar.
This systematic review is concered of studies
that have taken place over the last 15 years and
criteria for inclusion of the studies was the clear
correlation of the studies on the factors affect-
ing the operation of the AE department and
publications are in English or Greek.
RESULTS: Out of the 116 published articles de-
tected 18 of them met the inclusion criteria in
this review and are mostly cross-sectional quan-
titative surveys. Through the studies appeared
that the main factors that seem to affect the ef-
ficient operation of the AE, include continued
population aging, the economic crisis, globali-
zation, poor health systems, and inadequate
primary health care systems internationaly
CONCLUSIONS: The scientific community ac-
knowledges the importance and the vital im-
portance of proper functioning and use of AE
department, both for patients and for a coun-
try’s health system, engaged in an ongoing in-
vestigation of this matter, in order to properly
organize and functioning of AE department,
but especially on providing quality emergency
care to the patients.
KEYWORDS: “AE department administration”.
“Organization of AE department “, “Factors af-
fecting the operation of the AE department’’
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Investigate the factors affecting the
efficient and effective service in the AE.D
systematic Review
A. Efstathiou MSc, PhD(c), RN- General Hospital of Limassol
M. Symeou MSc, PhD(c) RN- General Hospital of Nicosia
D. Kaitelidou, Assistant professor National and Kapodistrian university of Athens
G. Charalambous, Frederick University Cyprus
Corresponding Author:
A. Efstathiou, email: Andri_efstathiou@hotmail.com

13. 13ISSUE 47
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The term “health related
quality of life” (HRQL) is a concept that focuses
mainly on the assessment of the physical and
psychological health and social welfare and the
study in nurses is particularly interesting.
PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review
was to investigate the factors that influence
health-related quality of life in nurses.
METHODS: The literature search was conduct-
ed from May till October, 2016 in the PubMed
database, Science Direct, Cochrane Library,
Wiley online Library and Google Scholar search
engine for articles published between 2005 and
October 2016 using the following search terms:
“quality of life” AND “nurse” OR “health person-
nel” AND “SF-36” OR “SF-12” OR “SF-8”. Inclusion
criteria of the studies was a clear relevance with
the research question, the language to be either
English or Greek, studies relating to professional
nurses and the use of the instrument “Health
Survey SF-36» or shorter versions.
RESULTS: From the 1526 published articles de-
tected the 24 met the criteria for inclusion in
this review. Through the review it seems that,
labor stress, burnout, physical health problems
and life-threatening lifestyles have been asso-
ciated with worse physical and mental health.
While positively it seems to affect gender and
marital status with men and married Nurses to
have better health related quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS:The study of HRQL is important
since it can lead to the development of a policy
to improve working conditions in hospitals and
improve the factors that negatively and posi-
tively affect the nurses HRQL.
KEYWORDS: “quality of life “,” nurse “,” health
personnel“,”SF-36“,”SF-12“,”SF-8”.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Exploring the factors influencing health-
related quality of life in nurses.
M. Symeou, R.N., M.Sc. Ph.D. (c) General Hospital of Nicosia Doctoral Program in Health Management,
Frederick University, Nicosia
A.Evstathiou,R.N.,M.Sc.,Ph.D.(c)GeneralHospitalofLimassolDoctoralPrograminHealthManagement,
Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus
G. Charalambous MD, M.Sc., Ph.D., General Hospital of Athens “Hippocratio”, Athens, Greece
D. Kaitelidou, Assistant professor, Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.
E. Jelastopulu, Professor of Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of
Patras, Patras, Greece
CorrespondingAuthor:
M. Symeou, R.N., M.Sc. Ph.D. (c) General Hospital of Nicosia Doctoral Program in Health Management,
Frederick University, Nicosia, email: symeoumikaella@gmail.com

14. 14
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Τhe effectiveness of health edu-
cation depends on the chosen method. The writ-
ten health education material is a complementary
method that aims to maximize the effectiveness
of health education. The main purpose of this
study was to evaluate the health education ma-
terial, designed and disseminated by the Hellenic
Ministry of Health.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study includ-
ed and evaluated the health education material,
designed and disseminated by Hellenic Ministry
of Health. The material was obtained by the re-
sponsible department following written permis-
sion and by collection of Prevention laboratory
in faculty of Nursing of National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens. The evaluation criteria are
derived from the literature review. Data were
entered and analyzed by Excel. The analysis was
qualitative and in order to ensure the validity of it
a second postgraduate student blindly reviewed
the material in terms of the theoretical approach.
RESULTS: Sixty four printed health education
materials were assessed, the majority of which
addresses infectious diseases such as AIDS, H1N1
and Meningitis. Sixty-three (98,2%) of these mate-
rials were evaluated as linguistically appropriate
and 48 (75%) use suitable illustrations. Fifty-four
(84,3%) of printed health education materials
aimed at primary prevention while the majority of
them (23,4%) use the medical approach.
CONCLUSION: The study showed that the health
education materials, designed and disseminated
by Hellenic Ministry of Health, meet several of the
criteria laid down, have linguistic appropriate-
ness, use illustrations and explanatory captions,
and focus in primary prevention. Regarding the
theoretical approach many of them need im-
provement, as the basic purpose is the behavio-
ral change. Moreover, cultural sensitivity should
be an essential criterion in the designing of such
printed materials, as immigration in Greece is
increasing. Guidelines for designing health edu-
cational materials should also be formulated in
order to improve the effectiveness of it. The effec-
tiveness of this material should also be evaluated
by appropriate studies.
KEY-WORDS: evaluation, health education, writ-
ten material
ORIGINAL PAPER
Evaluation of health education written
material of the Ministry of Health
E. Kotsi, RN, M.Sc. “Areteion” Hospital
P. Sourtzi, Professor, Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
G.Stagia, Sociologist and Anthropologist, M.Sc. ‘’Hippocration” Hospital
CorrespondingAuthor:
E. Kotsi, E-mail: eldakotsi@live.com Tel: 6932113670

15. 15ISSUE 47
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Quality of life and stress
among patients with chronic renal disease affect
decisively clinical outcomes and clinical course
of these patients.
AIM: To evaluate quality of life and stress among
patients with chronic renal disease and to find
their determinants.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was
conducted during January to March 2016. Study
population consisted of 130 patients with chron-
ic renal disease and 49 healthy people without
this disease as the control group. Quality of life
short form (SF-12) and State Trait Anxiety Inven-
tory (STAI) were used in order to assess quality of
life and stress respectively.
RESULTS: According to multivariate linear re-
gression analyses, patients had worse quality of
life versus healthy in the following domains of
SF-12: physical functioning, physical role, physi-
cal pain, general health and physical health. Also,
decreased age was associated with better qual-
ity of life in all domains of SF-12 except mental
health, while decreased stress was associated
with better quality of life in all domains of SF-12.
Patients had higher stress from a specific situa-
tion than healthy people, while patients and resi-
dents in rural areas had higher permanent stress.
CONCLUSION: Patients with chronic renal dis-
ease had worse quality of life and more stress
than healthy and so appropriate interventions
are need in order to improve quality of life, de-
crease stress and improve clinical outcomes.
KEYWORDS: stress, quality of life, determinants,
chronic renal disease.
Determinants of quality of life and stress
among patients with chronic renal disease
R. Papadopoulos, MD Nephrologist, MSc, General Hospital of Imathia unit of Veria, Greece
P.Galanis, RN, MPH, PhD, Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Department of
Nursing, National Kapodistrian University of Athens
A. Papagianni, Health Visitor, MSc, General Hospital of Imathia unit of Veria, Veria Greece
G. Hronidis, RN, MSc, MSc, General Hospital of Imathia unit of Veria, Veria Greece
E Freggidou, National Organism of health Care Services (EOPYY), Regional Department of Kilkis, Kilkis
Greece
A.Bilali, RN, MSc, PhD, Children’s Hospital “P. A. Kiriakou”
M.Theodorou, Professor, Open University of Cyprus
Corresponding author:
P. Galanis, Address: 67 Mikras Asias St., GR-11527, Athens, e-mail: pegalan@nurs.uoa.gr
ORIGINAL PAPER

16. 16
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