This document provides information about Issue 43 of the scientific journal "Nursing Care and Research". It includes: - An index of articles in the issue on topics like breast cancer screening and nurses' attitudes towards organ donation. - Details of the journal, including that it is published 3 times per year by the Greek Nursing Studies Association and indexed in databases like Scopus and CINAHL. - The editorial board and instructions for authors submitting manuscripts, which should contribute new nursing knowledge and be original works not previously published elsewhere.

1. 1ISSUE 43
SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL, 3 ISSUES PER YEAR JANUARY - APRIL 2016
Published by the Greek
Nursing Studies
Association (GNSA)
ISSUE
44
INDEXED IN SCOPUS, ΕΒSCO, CINAHL
ISSN 22413960
• Breast cancer screening in the municipality of Nicosia,
Cyprus, and association with determinants
• Qualitative study of care in oncology
• Nurses’attitudes towards advocacy and support of
potential organs donors and their families
• Evaluating the needs children with cancer have,
by using an interactive tool (SISOM)
PUBLICATIONS
οcelotos

2. 2

3. 3ISSUE 43
Scientific Journal, 3 Issues per Year
Published by the Greek Nursing Studies Association (GNSA)
Nursing
Care AND Research
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Chryssoula Lemonidou, RN, MSc, PhD, Professor
of Nursing, University of Athens
CO-EDITORS
Eleni Apostolopoulou, RN, PhD, Emeritus Professor of
Nursing, University of Athens
Ioannis Elefsiniotis, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Panagiota Sourtzi, RN, MSc, PhD, Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Olga Siskou, RN, M.Sc. Ph.D, Faculty of Nursing, Univer-
sity of Athens, President of the Greek Nursing Stud-
ies Association
EDITORIAL BOARD
Lambros Anthopoulos, Emeritus Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
George Baltopoulos, PhD, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
Thalia Bellali, RN, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor of
Nursing, Technological Educational Institute of Thes-
saloniki
Konstantinos Birbas, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty
of Nursing, University of Athens
Gerasimos Bonatsos, PhD, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
Charalambos Economou, Associate Professor, Depart-
ment of Sociology, Panteion University,
Margarita Giannakopoulou, MSc, PhD, Associate Pro-
fessor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens
Leonidas Grigorakos, Associate Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Michael Igoumenidis, Faculty of Nursing, Technologi-
cal Educational Institute of Western Greece
Dafni Kaitelidou, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty
of Nursing, University of Athens
Ioannis Kaklamanos, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty
of Nursing, University of Athens
Maria Kalafati, RN, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Nursing, Uni-
versity of Athens
Athina Kalokerinou, RN, PhD, Professor of Nursing,
Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens
Evangelos Konstantinou, RN, MSc, PhD, Associate
Professor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens
Vassiliki Matziou, RN, PhD, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
Pavlos Myrianthefs, PhD, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
Elisabeth Patiraki, RN, PhD, Professor, Faculty of
Nursing, University of Athens
Sotiris Plakas, RN, MSc, PhD, General Hospital of At-
tika «Sismanoglion»
Olga Siskou, RN, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Nursing, Uni-
versity of Athens, President of the Greek Nursing
Studies Association
EleniTheodossopoulou, Professor, Faculty of Nurs-
ing, University of Athens
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
John Albarran, Principal Lecturer in Critical Care
Nursing, University of the West of England, Bris-
tol, UK
Maria Katopodi, PhD, Assistant Professor, University
of Michigan, USA
Katerina Labrinou, PhD, Assistant Professor in Nurs-
ing, Cyprus University of Technology
Anastasia Mallidou, RN, MSc, PhD, Assistant
Professor, University of Victoria, Canada
Anastasios Merkouris, RN, MSc, PhD, Associate
Professor of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Cyprus
University of Technology
Evridiki Papastavrou, PhD, Assistant Professor in
Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology
Elisabeth D.E. Papathanassoglou, RN, MSc, PhD,
Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Cyprus
University of Technology
Julie Scholes, Professor of Nursing, University of
Brighton, Brighton, UK
Riita Suhonen, RN, PhD, Profes sor, University of
Turku, Department of Nursing Science, Turku,
Finland

4. 4

5. 5ISSUE 43
Contents
NursingCare AND Research
Published by the Greek Nursing Studies Association (GNSA)
Publisher and Editor-in-Chief: Chryssoula Lemonidou
Address: 123, Papadiamantopoulou st., 115 27 - Athens, GREECE
Tel.: +30 210-7461485
e-mail: info@nursingstudies.gr
Technical publisher: Ocelotos publishing
Annual Subscriptions 2012 for Εlectronic Version
Public Services, Libraries, Companies, Organisations: € 30,00
Individual Subscriptions: € 20,00
© Copyright 2007 - 2014: All rights reserved. The reproduction of articles (or parts of them) is
prohibited without permission of the publisher and the writers.
Instructions to Authors���������������������������������������������������������������������12
REVIEW
Breast cancer screening in the municipality of Nicosia,
Cyprus, and association with determinants������������������ 23
PapapetrouI.,CharalambousG.,Sissouras A.,JelastopuluE.
ORIGINAL PAPER
Qualitative study of care in oncology�������������������������������35
KarlouCh.,VouzavaliF.,LemonidouCh.,PapathanassoglouE.,Zafiropoulou-Koutrouba
A.,KatsaragakisS.,PatirakiE.
ORIGINAL PAPER
Nurses’attitudes towards advocacy and support of
potential organs donors and their families����������������������51
P.Galanis,A.Kalli,K.Stratis,A.Bilali
REVIEW
Evaluating the needs children with cancer have, by
using an interactive tool (SISOM)��������������������������������������� 67
StamoularaA.,TsimicalisA.,RulandM.C.,MatziouV.

6. 6
GENERAL INFORMATION
1. “Nursing Care and Research” publishes, fol-
lowing peer review, articles in Greek or English,
contributing to the understanding and devel-
opment of all aspects of nursing care. The Ed-
itorial Department receives manuscripts relat-
ing to nursing practice, research, education
and management, with scientific, theoretical
or philosophical basis.
2. Papers published in the journal belong to
one of the following categories: a) research
studies, b) literature reviews and c) articles re-
lating to developments in nursing practice,
education and management. Additionally, let-
ters (no longer than 500 words), including re-
views or comments on previously published
work, are published if submitted within two (2)
months from the publication of the research
concerned.
3. Manuscripts must be submitted exclusive-
ly to the “Nursing Care and Research” journal,
they must not have been published in print or
electronic form, or undergo peer review at an-
other journal or medium at the time of sub-
mission. The Editorial Director decides time of
publication and reserves the right to change
manuscript format; however, large or substan-
tial changes are made only following author
consent.
Authors should avoid submitting two man-
uscripts from the same study without clear
justification. Also, they should not include in
new work material from background litera-
ture reviews that have already been published
(eg avoidance of self-plagiarism). In the event
that two papers emerge from the same re-
search study, presenting different aspects of
the work at hand, they must be submitted in-
dependently and not as two parts of the same
article. Each article should be autonomous
and must not include the other, although
cross - references can be made. When a com-
plete description of the research methodology
is made in the first article a brief description is
sufficient in the the second provided the first is
adequately referenced. Generally, one should
avoid publishing numerous individual papers
emanating from the same study (“salami slic-
ing”) and instead should focus on the different
aspects and research findings within a single
publication.
If the manuscript is accepted for publication,
the authors must complete and send via fax
at 00302107461485 the Non-Publication in An-
other Medium Form, which forms part of the
supporting files as required in the submission
process.
Instructions for Authors
MISSION AND AIM OF THE JOURNAL
“Nursing Care and Research” is a peer-reviewed journal accepting manuscripts from researchers
from Greece and abroad. Its mission is to contribute to the development of nursing science and
practice in Greece as well as internationally. The aim is to promote and disseminate new knowledge
and research data for eventual application in clinical practice. To this end, nurses and other affiliated
researchers are invited to submit high-calibre manuscripts in Greek or English. The journal welcomes
original research papers, reviews, theoretical or philosophical articles, interesting clinical cases and
methodological articles from experts. Nursing Care and Research is recognized at national level (FEK
issue B 1961/23-9-2008) and is indexed at the CINHAL, EBSCO and SCOPUS International Databases.

7. 7ISSUE 43
4. Author participation in the drafting pro-
cess
All authors cited in a manuscript must have ac-
tively contributed to the conception and de-
sign of the study and/or the analysis and in-
terpretation of data and/or in drafting the
manuscript and all should have analysed and
approved the content of the final version sub-
mitted for publication. Participation only in
the funding-seeking process or data collection
does not justify listing among the authors, and
can be acknowledged in the Acknowledge-
ment section. For this reason, when several au-
thors are cited, a separate letter is required ex-
plaining in detail the contribution of each (eg
methodological design, statistical analysis and
interpretation, drafting of final text, reviewing
and editing, literature review etc). The editori-
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5. Submission process
Manuscriptsforpublicationaresubmittedelec-
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The journal is published three (3) times per
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Authors are advised that submitted manu-
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8. Script: Texts should be double-spaced,
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The authors of research studies cannot exceed
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scale multicenter studies. The authors of oth-
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All authors listed in the manuscript must have
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cludes the title and the running title of the pa-
per. The running title will appear in Greek and

8. 8
English language and cannot exceed five (5)
words. This page does not list names of au-
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nymity during the peer-review process.
11. AbstractsandKeywords:The title page is
followed by the abstracts (up to 250 words) in
Greek and English, which will accurately sum-
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includes a) introduction, b) aim(s), c) method-
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12. Main body of work: The area of ​​the main
body of the manuscript should be 2,000-5,000
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recommended for the dissemination of small-
scale research studies of outstanding val-
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or repetition. In addition, smaller-scale man-
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The manuscript should include headings to
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evance to nursing practice, n) acknowledg-
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Study population anonymity and informed
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In order to ensure anonymity, the manuscript
should not include the names of specific in-
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that certain personal patient data are essen-
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formed consent is necessary. This means that
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In each case, the authors should make an ef-
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ADHERING TO THE HUMAN RIGHTS CODE OF
CONDUCT
Should authors publish results of studies con-
ducted on humans, the methodology section
should indicate whether they were conducted
according to the principles of the Declaration
of Human Rights, (Helsinki 1975) as revised in
2004. Should certain processes deviate from
these principles, these must be methodolog-
ically outlined and justified.
Specifically, concerning clinical studies (in-
vasive or not), authors should indicate, in the
methodology section whether they were con-
ducted upon approval of the National Agency

9. 9ISSUE 43
for Medicines (EOF) in accordance with Minis-
terial Decision DYG 3/89292 Gazette V1973/31-
12-2003 (aligned with Directive 2001/20/EC).
It should also be indicated that data is histori-
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The time of data collection should be reported
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ample, in the case of empirical studies, this can
be stated thus: “Data collection was carriedout
during 2007” or “Data collection was performed
over 18 months, in the 2006-2007 period.” Note
that the “Nursing Care and Research” journal
does not publish studies citing data older than
five (5) years, unless current relevance is suffi-
ciently justified. In qualitative studies, individu-
als should refer to numbers or aliases (in quotes)
and mentions should be balanced equally across
the full range of responses.
In the case of reviews, the year of the review
should be reported and the range of publica-
tion years of the studies reviewed should be
reported. Such details should be mentioned
in historical studies. The statistical tests used,
ought to be defined and, where necessary,
documented with references.
Abbreviations and symbols should be used
rarely and only in the case of names or expres-
sions of extensive length. The full names or ex-
pressions will be referred to during first use,
followed by the abbreviation in parentheses.
In any case, abbreviations will follow the rules
set out by the Royal Society of Medicine Press.
13. Conficts of interest
Public confidence in the peer-review process
depends partly on the management of any
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uation and final publication decision as artic-
ulated by the editorial department. Conflicts
of interest arise when an author (or the institu-
tion to which the author belongs to), a review-
er or the Managing Editor maintain financial or
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way affect their actions/judgment regarding
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specifically, according to the requirements for
manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals
(as issued in February 2006 by the Internation-
al Committee of Medical Journals Publishers)
conflicting interests arise when financial rela-
tionships exist (eg employer – employee, own-
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journal, the publishers, the authors and the sci-
entific endeavours in general. However, con-
flicting interests may arise for other reasons as
well such as poor interpersonal relationships,
academic competition etc.
Authors must indicate at the end of the text
and prior to the references section if they con-
sider that the peer review of their work may be
affected or not by the existence of any conflict
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Authors should indicate details (entity name,
contact information, amount awarded) of all
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clude: medical or non-medical interest com-
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tutions etc.). It should also be indicated if the
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tails of the program (awarding body, duration,
amount of funding, etc.) must be disclosed.
This information should be listed in a separate
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tion.
15. Acknowledgements
The funding sources section is followed by
the optional Acknowledgements section, stat-
ing the names and affiliations of all those who
contributed (eg through the provision of pri-
mary data, or by reviewing the text or provid-
ing their opinion) to the drafting of the man-
uscript (apart from the authors). This section

10. 10
should acknowledge any sponsors donating
materials and tools required for the research.
16. Bibliographic References: Bibliograph-
ic references in the text should indicate the
names of the authors followed by the date in
chronological order, eg. (Lewis 1975, Barnett
1992, Chalmers 1994). When there are more
than two authors, the name of the first author
followed by et al., eg. (Barder et al. 1994), is ref-
erenced in the text but all authors should be
listed in the bibliography. When quotes are
used in the text, the page should be referred
to eg. (Chalmers 1994, p.7). All references must
be from primary sources.
The literature list follows the Harvard system,
written in alphabetical order based on the sur-
name of the first author. The list should in-
clude authors’ surnames and initials, the date
of publication, article title, full name of journal,
volume number (and issue number if the vol-
ume pages are not consecutive) and the first
and last page of the article. When the refer-
ence applies to a book, the author, the date,
the title, followed by the publisher and the city
must be stated. When the reference applies to
a chapter in a book, details on the author(s) of
the book, the date, place of publication and
publisher must be provided. These references
that are said to be “in press”, shall be accepted
only if accompanied by a letter of acceptance
from the journal in question.
Examples:
Williams N. (2001). Patient resuscitation follow-
ing major thermal trauma. Nursing in Critical
Care: 6: 115-121
Muller D, Harns P, Watley L. (1986). Nursing
Children: Psychology Research and Practice.
London: Harper Row.
Lewis T, Hell J. (1992). Rhabdomyolysis and
Myoglobinuria. In: Hall J, Schmidt G, Wood L.
(eds), Principles of Critical Care, Volume 2. New
York: McGraw Hill.
Websites are refencees as follows:
National Institute for Clinical Excellence (2000)
Final appraisal determination: Drugs for early
thrombolysis in the treatment of acute myo-
cardial infarction, NICE, www.nice.org.uk/ar-
ticle.asp?a =36672. Last access on 7 October
2006.
17. Figures , Tables , Graphics , Photos :
Tables must be referred to herein as Tables,
numbered in the order they are presented, eg
as Table 1, Table 2, etc. and incorporated in the
correct place in the body of the text. All imag-
es, including photos, must be referred to here-
in as Figures and numbered in the order they
are presented, eg Figure 1, Figure 2 etc. They
must also be captioned and may be accom-
panied by a legend not exceeding thirty (30)
words. Figures of all forms will cover a single
column (width 86mm) or two columns when
needed (width 177mm). The journal reserves
the right to adjust the size of figures for tech-
nical reasons.
When material (including figures, tables, etc.)
that has already been published elsewhere ap-
pears in the manuscript, the written permis-
sion of the original authors (or those who own
the copyright of said material) must be ob-
tained. The authors of published papers are
fully liable for any copyright infringement.
Peer-review process
18. All submitted work is reviewed (anony-
mously) by two (2) independent referees/re-
viewers and, if they contain complex statistical
methodologies by a statistician as well. Re-
viewers decide whether an article is a) accept-
ed, b) requires modifications or c) rejected. In
case of disagreement among the reviewers,
the Managing Editor will reach a final decision,
taking into account all reviewer comments.
If the reviewers suggest modifications, the
manuscript is returned by the journal secretar-
iat to the corresponding author for redrafting
and resubmission within six weeks from the
date the comments were made (the review
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mission, authors are required to indicate the
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dance to reviewer instructions in a letter to the
Managing Editor. The modified manuscript is
forwarded to the reviewers if deemed neces-

11. 11ISSUE 43
sary, and they confirm whether or not modi-
fications comply with their recommendations.
At that point the Managing Editor reaches the
final decision to publish the article.
19. Electronic Reprint: Following publica-
tion, the corresponding author will receive an
electronic reprint of the article in PDF format.
Electronic reprints will be distributed by him/
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COPYRIGHT
20. In order to publish any article in the “Nurs-
ing Care and Research” journal, the authors are
asked to grant this exclusive right to the Soci-
ety for Nursing Studies. Along with the draft
for modifications the authors receive an Au-
thorization for Exclusive Publication form
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along with the modified manuscript.
When a paper is derived from an extensive re-
search study and the same or other authors
have prepared additional papers, which have
been published or submitted for publication
in this or other journals, the corresponding
author must notify the Managing Editor so as
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fringed. Any impact emanating from copyright
infringement lies exclusively with the authors
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ceed with all necessary actions.
FINAL NOTE
Subscribers preparing manuscripts for publi-
cation in the “Nursing Care and Research” jour-
nal are requested to adhere to these Instruc-
tions for Authors carefully in order to avoid
delays in the publication of their work and the
publication of new volumes of the journal.

12. 12
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Within the framework of the
“Healthy Cities” program in 2013-2014 data was
collected regarding the health status of the citi-
zens of Nicosia. In addition to other information,
the present survey included data from mam-
mography screening in females.
PURPOSE: Investigation of breast cancer screen-
ing program for women aged ≥40 years old and
association with potential determinants.
METHODOLOGY: Based on the 2011 census, a
representative stratified sample of women living
in Nicosia was chosen. In the sample, 297 wom-
en (≥40 years old) answered face-to-face inter-
views concerning the screening of breast cancer.
Statistical analysis was performed with the use of
IBM SPSS 22.
RESULTS: A total of 231 (77.8%) women under-
took mammography. 43.1% performed their first
mammogram between 40-49 years and 21.9%
between 50-59 years. Women aged 70 years and
older are 10 times less likely to take a mammog-
raphy compared with women of 50-69 years old
(OR=0.10, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.03-
0.37, p=0.001). The mammography screening
rates of women aged 40-49 years do not differ
significantly with those of the target population,
i.e. women 50-69 years (OR=1.00, 95% CI:0.44-
2.27, p=0.994). Higher mammography screening
rate was observed in married/partnered women
compared to singles (OR=7.49, 95% CI:2.84-
19.77, p0.001), as well as in widowed/divorced/
separated compared to singles (OR=3.34, 95%
CI: 1.21-9.25, p=0.020). Cypriot women are 4.78
times more likely to take a mammography com-
pared with other nationalities (OR=0.21, 95% CI:
0.09-0.51, p=0.001). Finally, unemployed women
are 5.45 times more likely to take a mammogra-
phy compared to retired women (OR=5.45, 95%
CI: 1.03-28.99, p=0.047).
CONCLUSIONS: Mammography screening rates
for women aged ≥40 years in the municipality
of Nicosia are high and are associated with age,
marital status, occupational status and nationali-
ty. Women aged 70 years and older as well as un-
employed women show lower screening rates,
while in married/partnered and Cypriot women
higher screening rates are revealed.
KEYWORDS: breast cancer screening, mam-
mography, Nicosia
ORIGINAL PAPER
Breast cancer screening in the municipality
of Nicosia, Cyprus, and association with
determinants
Papapetrou I., Postgraduate Program Health Management, Frederick 2Strovolos Health Centre of
Nicosia, Cyprus.
Charalambous G., Postgraduate Program Health Management, Frederick University of Nicosia, Cyprus.
General Hospital of Athens “Hippocratio” of Athens, Greece. Coordinator MSc in Health Management,
Frederick University Nicosia, Cyprus.
Sissouras A., Postgraduate Program Health Management, Frederick University of Nicosia, Cyprus.
Department of Operational Research and Management, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Jelastopulu E., Postgraduate Program Health Management, Frederick University of Nicosia, Cyprus.
Department of Public Health, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Corresponding Author:
Irini Papapetrou, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus, 15 Kykladon, 2062 Strovolos, Nicosia, Cyprus,
Tel:+357 99 622200 Fax: +357 22 758930 E-mail: renapapapetrou@cytanet.com.cy

13. 13ISSUE 43
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND : The care is the core concept
and key element of nursing. Over time in oncol-
ogy, nursing approach varies considerably in
the different settings providing care.
AIM: To explore the Greek nurses’ perceptions
for the care provided in the specialist oncology
hospital.
METHOD: The study enrolled 18 nurses (17 fe-
males and 1 male) who were selected based on
purposeful sampling and they were working
in the pathological wards in three oncological
hospitals in Attica. To collect data, three focus
groups were held lasting 120 minutes each. The
data were analyzed according to the direct con-
tent analysis, based on Watson’s theory.
RESULTS:The results of content analysis sup-
ported the categorization according toWatson’s
theory, while was resulting the new categories
of the multi-faceted concept of care in oncol-
ogy, empathy, communication and information
and fear of cancer. Moreover, it was found that
in all categories, the factors of time and person-
al view of their role influenced the expression of
care provided.
CONCLUSIONS: Nurses perceive care as a com-
plex, unique and multi-faceted concept that
their expression is influenced primarily by pro-
fessional perceptions of their role and the dis-
ease.
KEYWORDS: oncology nursing, qualitative re-
search, caring.
ORIGINAL PAPER
Qualitative study of care in oncology
Karlou Ch., RN, BSc, MSc, PhD Colonel Nurse in Air Force, Head Nurse Oncology Hematology Ward Air
Force Hospital
Vouzavali F., Vocational High School of Nurse, Assistants Laboratory Instructor, Technological
Educational Institute of Athens
Lemonidou Ch., Professor, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Nursing
Papathanassoglou E., Associate Professor, Critical Care Nursing Head, Department of Nursing, Director,
Masters Program in Advanced Practice University of Technology, Department of Nursing Nicosia,Cyprus.
Zafiropoulou- Koutroubas A., MSc, Clinical Psychologist, Children’s Hospital ‘‘A P Kyriakou’’Oncology
Department, Athens
Katsaragakis S., RN, MSc, PhD, Lecturer National University of Peloponisos Faculty of Human,
Movement and Quality of Life Sciences in Sparta, Departement of Nursing
Patiraki E., Professor National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Nursing
CorrespondingAuthor:
Ch. Karlou, 43 Erechthiou str. 12137 Athens, TEL:+30 210 5716370, FAX: +30 210 7467476, xk21565@
gmail.com

14. 14
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The positive attitude of nurses
towards organ transplantations can influence
positively the decision of potential organ donors
and their families.
AIM: To investigate the attitude of Cypriot and
British nurses regarding the advocacy and
support of potential organ donors and their
families.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was
conducted with a convenience sample of 156
nurses in intensive care units in Cyprus and
England. Nurses completed anonymously the
questionnaire “Attitudes Towards Organ Donor
Advocacy Scale” during January-March 2016.
Data analysis was performed with the statistical
package IBM SPSS 21.0.
RESULTS: Mean age of nurses in Cyprus was 34.5
years, while in England was 33.6 years. Nurses in
Cyprus have cared more often for patients who
suffered from a catastrophic brain injury with cir-
culatory and ventilator support (p=0.005), while
nurses in England have participated more often
in the family approach for organ donation in
collaboration with the Organ Procurement Or-
ganization (p=0.02). Nurses in England felt more
comfortable in the family approach for organ
donation (p=0.01) and they have decided more
often to donate their organs after their death
(p0.001). Nurses in England had more positive
attitudes toward actions to safeguard the wishes
of the potential donor and to support donor’s
family.
CONCLUSION: Nurses in England had more
positive attitude than nurses in Cyprus.
KEYWORDS: attitudes, family, organ donation,
organ transplantation, nurses, potential donor
ORIGINAL PAPER
Nurses’ attitudes towards advocacy and
support of potential organs donors and
their families
P. Galanis, RN, MPH, PhD, Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Department of
Nursing, University of Athens
A. Kalli, RN, MSc, European University of Cyprus
K. Stratis, RN, MSc, European University of Cyprus
A. Bilali, RN, MSc, PhD, Children’s Hospital “P. A. Kiriakou”
Correspondingauthor:
Petros Galanis, 67 Mikras Asias St., GR-11527, Athens, Phone number: (210) 7781044, 6944387354,
e-mail: pegalan@nurs.uoa.gr

15. 15ISSUE 43
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The holistic confrontation of
the problems that children with cancer have,
premises a valid evaluation of them.
PURPOSE: A review about the effect of the in-
teractive tool (Sisom), on the recognition of the
problems that children with cancer have, aiming
to the improvement of the care provided.
METHOD: Review of the electronic bases Pub-
med, Medline and Google, for the years 2002
– 2013, using as key – words: «Children with
Cancer», «Health Professionals», «Nurses», «Com-
munication Problems», «Symptoms», «Expres-
sion», «Interactive Tools», «Communication
Tools» and «Sisom». In total, 191 articles were
found, by which 8 were finally selected as related.
RESULTS:The evaluation of needs and problems
children with cancer have, is achieved by the ef-
fective communication with the nurse and by
using valid and reliable tools. It is observed that
children do not always express their feelings,
needs or problems and as a result, they remain
unsolved. Recently, Ruland and co. created an
interactive tool (Sisom), that gives children with
cancer“a voice”to express their needs and helps
nurses at its evaluation.
CONCLUSIONS: Using evaluation tools is a ne-
cessity, if we wish for a valid evaluation of symp-
toms and problems children with cancer have.
The use of Sisom in daily practice, has a positive
effect in recognizing and solving the needs and
problems children with cancer have.
Evaluating the needs children with cancer
have, by using an interactive tool (SISOM)
Stamoulara A. , RN, MS(c), Pediatric Oncology Unit at “MITERA” Hospital
TsimicalisA.,RN,PhD,AssistantProfessor,IngramSchoolofNursing,FacultyofMedicine,McGillUniversity
Ruland M. C., RN, PhD, Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Informatics, Columbia
University, New York - Adjunct Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Adjunct Assistant Professor, Dept. of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School,
Hanover - Director, Center for Shared Decision Making and Nursing Research, Rikshospitalet National
Hospital Oslo, Norway
MatziouV., Professor, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Corresponding author:
Stamoulara A. , Thalias 5, Peristeri, Athens, 12135, Τel. 210 – 5734139, 6974648160,
E-mail.a.stamoulara@windowslive.com
REVIEW

16. 16
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