This document discusses computer-assisted instructional design (CAID) systems from the 1990s. It describes the types and goals of different CAID systems, including expert systems, CASE tools, and hybrid tools. It also questions why CAID systems died out, asking whether it was due to the high cost of building such systems, the complexity of instructional design, or the lack of importance placed on quality education and training. The document suggests CAID could potentially be resurrected with improvements.

1. ISD Software Aids:
Ghosts from a Distant Past
Jacques LeCavalier

2. 1. Top CAID* systems from the
'90's
2. Types and goals of CAID
systems
3. Why did CAID die? Can it be
resurrected?
Scary Agenda
*CAID: Computer Assisted

4. ID Expert - Guts

5. ID Expert - Screens

6. ID Expert - Screens

8. IDE - $6 million…

10. IDioM /
IDEAL

12. Transform

13. Types and Goals of Systems
Jonassen & Wilson, 1990
“CAD/CAM” tools Expert Systems
• Very flexible
• Don’t replace user expertise
• Problem-solving space; may
use cases
• Target experienced
designers
• Manage information and
production
• Rule-based knowledge
base(s)
• “Consults” with user
• Used for specific design
tasks (e.g., media selection)
• Target more novice
designers
“CASE” Tools Hybrid tools
• Automation of ISD process
• Based on user-entered data,
produce an ISD
specification or learning
• Bring together best
elements of all approaches
• Rule bases
• Case libraries,

14. Types and Goals of Systems
LeCavalier & Robert, 1991
Tools that DIRECT Tools that SUPPORT
• Novice users
• System exercises control
• Rule-based knowledge
• More experienced users
• Information management
platform
• Rapid prototyping
• User exercises control
Tools that TEACH Tools that help
COMMUNICATION
• Formal knowledge
(definitions, procedures,
research evidence, etc .)
• Informal knowledge
(previous designs,
discussions, ideas)
• Because ISD happens in
teams
• Expertise is often
distributed
• Facilitates reviews,
revisions, re-designs

15. Why did CAID die?

16. Why did it die?

17. • Systems too expensive to
build?
• ISD too complex? …too
undefined?
• Quality education/training too
unimportant?
Why did CAID die?