Your network security doesn't matter if an attacker can enter your facility and walk off with your critical assets and sensitive data, or attach a back door to your network. This presentation provides an introductory overview of physical security from an attacker's perspective.
La realización de un Test de Intrusión Físico tiene como finalidad conseguir acceso físico a una determinada ubicación, y no es una tarea sencilla. Requiere preparación, investigación, análisis, coordinación, mucha simulación y la aplicación de una metodología flexible que pueda adaptarse a las condiciones particulares de cada objetivo.
Analizar el entorno, evadir todo tipo de sistemas de seguridad física y colaborar en equipo (Red Team), son aspectos fundamentales para lograr la intrusión, y con ello posteriormente, el acceso a equipos, red y un sinfín de datos en las instalaciones del objetivo.Si quieres saber qué es un Red Team y profundizar en la realización de intrusiones físicas, esta es tu charla.
Optimization of cutting parameters on mild steel with hss & cemented carbide ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
La realización de un Test de Intrusión Físico tiene como finalidad conseguir acceso físico a una determinada ubicación, y no es una tarea sencilla. Requiere preparación, investigación, análisis, coordinación, mucha simulación y la aplicación de una metodología flexible que pueda adaptarse a las condiciones particulares de cada objetivo.
Analizar el entorno, evadir todo tipo de sistemas de seguridad física y colaborar en equipo (Red Team), son aspectos fundamentales para lograr la intrusión, y con ello posteriormente, el acceso a equipos, red y un sinfín de datos en las instalaciones del objetivo.Si quieres saber qué es un Red Team y profundizar en la realización de intrusiones físicas, esta es tu charla.
Optimization of cutting parameters on mild steel with hss & cemented carbide ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Water quality modeling of an agricultural watershed with best management prac...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
2014 conference photo contest entries, on blackallisonwickler
Browse the 26 fantastic entries to the 2013 NCFR Conference Photo Contest, taken by NCFR members of people and places across the world.
Three winners have been chosen from the entries — one first place, two runners up — and will be announced at the World Family Festival held Friday, Nov. 21 at the conference. All photos will also be on display at the conference.
A study of load distribution algorithms in distributed schedulingeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
8003154730 or Skivoipllc or 800-315-4730 is a global broadband telecommunications provider.We are serving corporate customers, small business and residential users throughout the US.
Our Voice-over-IP network allows anyone with a touch-tone phone and a broadband connection to call anywhere in the world. We provide unlimited nationwide calling plans and low international rates.
Contact 11407 SW Amu St. Suite # L1343 Tualatin, OR 97062 CALL:800-315-4730
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Water quality modeling of an agricultural watershed with best management prac...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
2014 conference photo contest entries, on blackallisonwickler
Browse the 26 fantastic entries to the 2013 NCFR Conference Photo Contest, taken by NCFR members of people and places across the world.
Three winners have been chosen from the entries — one first place, two runners up — and will be announced at the World Family Festival held Friday, Nov. 21 at the conference. All photos will also be on display at the conference.
A study of load distribution algorithms in distributed schedulingeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
8003154730 or Skivoipllc or 800-315-4730 is a global broadband telecommunications provider.We are serving corporate customers, small business and residential users throughout the US.
Our Voice-over-IP network allows anyone with a touch-tone phone and a broadband connection to call anywhere in the world. We provide unlimited nationwide calling plans and low international rates.
Contact 11407 SW Amu St. Suite # L1343 Tualatin, OR 97062 CALL:800-315-4730
This presentation was given at the International Forensic Science Academy in 2009. The information contained within the presentation was gained from training in which I had previously participated. Due to the information previously being openly presented, I do not belive I am operating without the permission of the original authors. If anyone disagrees or wants credit, please contact me and I will either remove the content or add you as a citation.
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Chapter 6
Authenticating People
Chapter 6 Overview
The three authentication factors: what you know, you have, and you are
Passwords, password bias, and search space calculations
Cryptographic building blocks: random choice, one-way hash
Authentication devices: personal tokens and biometrics
Basic issues in authentication policy
Elements of Authentication
Authentication Factors
Something you know
Password or PIN
Something you have
Key or token
Something you are
Personal trait
Traditional parallel terms:
Something you know, are, have
Multi-factor Authentication
Using different factors in authentication
NOT two or three instances of the same factor
Two-factor authentication
ATM authentication: ATM card + PIN
Biometric laptop: Fingerprint + password
NOT: Password + PIN
Three-factor authentication
Biometric access card: fingerprint + card + PIN
NOT: fingerprint + PIN + password
Authentication Threats
Focus in this chapter
Trick the authentication system or access assets through the system
No “remote” attacks via Internet or LAN
Threats must have physical access to system
Range of threats
Weak threat – authentication is effective
Strong threat – authentication may work
Extreme threat – authentication not effective
Attacks on Authentication
Password Authentication
Each User ID is associated with a secret
User presents the secret when logging in
System checks the secret against the authentication database
Access granted if the secret matches
Risks
Shoulder surfing at the keyboard
Reading the password off of printer paper
Sniffing the password in transit or in RAM
Retrieving the authentication database
Password Hashing
One-Way Hash Functions
A Cryptographic Building Block function
We will see more building blocks later
Input:
An arbitrarily large amount of data, from a few bytes to terabytes – RAM or files or devices
Output:
A fixed-size result
Impractical to reverse
Minor change to input = big change to output
Sniffing Passwords
Goal: intercept the password before it is hashed
Keystroke loggers
In hardware: Devices that connect to a keyboard's USB cable
In software: Procedures that eavesdrop on keyboard input buffers
Password Guessing
DOD Password Guideline (1985) required a minimum 1 in a million chance of successful guessing.
This was designed to defeat interactive password guessing: A person or machine made numerous guesses
Some guessing succeeds based on social and personal knowledge of the targeted victim
Modern network-based guessing can try tens of thousands of alternatives very quickly.
Off-line Password Cracking
How Fast Is Off-line Cracking?
It depends on the size of the search space
i.e., how many legal – or likely – passwords?
Legal passwords are limited to specific sets of characters, typically from the ASCII set
Single-case letters only:
Two letter passwords = 262
Three letter passwords = 263
… etc.
Password with L letters = 26L
Increasing the Search Space
Two options
Increase L – the length of pas ...
Network security consists of the provisions and policies adopted by a network administrator to prevent and monitor unauthorized access, misuse, modification, or denial of a computer network and network-accessible resources.more on http://www.trendyupdates.com/
A 101-level overview of 32-bit x86 stack-based buffer overflows. In this presentation I discuss buffer overflows, the stack, and how overflows work on the stack. I also discuss how to identify an overflow opportunity, locate the return address, and develop a working exploit. Presented at DerbyCon 7 (2017) and BSides Winnipeg 2017. Video available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHDRJbLj7Jg
Your organization will be breached. It's a matter of when, not if. How you respond may be the difference between recovering and closing your doors.
This talk is designed to help small businesses or businesses with small IT organizations to develop a viable incident response program.
Your organization will be breached. It's a matter of when, not if. How you respond may be the difference between recovering and closing your doors.
This talk is designed to help small businesses or businesses with small IT organizations to develop a viable incident response program.
Presented at the 2013 ND IT Symposium on 5/1/2013.
Problems With Parameters - A high-level overview of common vulnerabilities identified in web applications, techniques to mitigate these vulnerabilities, and thoughts on incorporating secure webapp development practices into your organization's development culture.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
Is Your Data Literally Walking Out the Door?
1. Is Your Data Literally
Walking Out the Door?
Mike Saunders – CISSP, GPEN, GWAPT, GCIH
Hardwater Information Security
2. About Mike
In IT full-time since 1998
Entered IT Security in 2007
Avid fisherman
In the best horn rock band ever!
3. DISCLAIMER
If you don’t own it or don’t have permission, don’t test it!
Seriously! Don’t do it!
Make sure you have written authorization with you if you’re attempting a
physical pen test
Have at least two contact numbers
Make sure your contacts will be available in case you get caught
Attempting physical bypass of security mechanisms may result in damage
Don’t test on your critical controls unless you have backups
4.
5. Goals
Overview on how attackers see your physical security
Provide information about bypassing common security mechanisms
Talk about some defenses
When you leave here, look at your infrastructure in a new way
6. Data Loss / Breach via Physical Theft
2009 - BCBSTN – 57 stolen hard drives = over 1M records
datalossdb.org – ~21% of all lost records due to theft
11% stolen laptop
4% stolen computer
3% stolen document
1% stolen drive
1% stolen media
1% stolen tape
9. Surveillance and accesibility
Are there vantage points to observe your facility discretely?
Even if there aren’t, there’s always Google
Are there doors only used for exiting?
Hedges and trees are great for privacy for you and potential attackers
7’ fences will deter most attackers
8’ with 3-strand barbwire on top, 45 degrees facing outward will deter all but most
determined / most to gain
Higher security areas may require multiple perimeters with gates
Lights act as a weak deterrent, coupled with cameras they act as a detective
control
Are there gaps in the camera coverage?
17. Other thoughts on perimeter security
Easy wins
Doors propped open
Doors unlocked for convenience
Windows open for cooling
Were you expecting that delivery?
18. Escalation
Segmentation is important
Perimeter – fencing, gates, exterior entrances
DMZ – reception/receiving areas, common areas
Core – majority of office area
VLANs – higher security than core areas
Computer room, network closet, document storage, drug storage, trade secrets, etc.
Moving from lower security area to higher security area
Controls commensurate with sensitivity of asset
False-ceilings adjacent to higher security area
Walls should extend from floor to actual ceiling
26. Bypass and protect a crash bar door
Insert a prying tool here!
A latch plate protector helps prevent prying.
Can possibly be bypassed by tying a small
screw or nail to a piece of string, inserted
behind protector plate, pulled through from
underneath to trigger latch.
Infosecinstitute.com
29. TouchSense Crash Bar Doors
If there’s enough room, a piece of copper
wire inserted through door frame and
touched to bar will trigger sensor.
www.katzlerlocks.com
37. What about the roof?
Access to roof may be gained from adjacent building, tree, or climbing
Rooftop openings often overlooked
Simple locks or no locks at all
May not have additional controls (RFID, cameras, etc.)
Access to ventilation shafts
40. RFID Badge Reader Attacks
Badges can be cloned
$500 buys the hardware to clone cards and brute force RFID badge reader
Proxbrute - http://www.mcafee.com/us/downloads/free-tools/proxbrute.aspx
Larger antennas can be hidden in a clipboard, read from several feet away
Newer HID iCLASS encryption key available for purchase
Resources:
http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page=videos/derbycon4/t110-advanced-red-
teaming-all-your-badges-are-belong-to-us-eric-smith
http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page=videos/derbycon3/3303-how-can-i-do-that-
intro-to-hardware-hacking-with-an-rfid-badge-reader-kevin-bong
41. Where do I find badges to clone?
Physical observation may lead to favorite lunch places or watering holes
After-hours company events posted online
Wait, didn’t we see something earlier?
51. Yes, we
have
bypass!
Video removed for size reasons. Video showed motion detectors can be
triggered with a big cloud of vapor from an e-cigarette
54. More thoughts on doors and locks
Good locks on bad doors = BAD
Bad locks on good doors = BAD
Master keys are great
Unless you rekey once in every never
Cheap padlocks can be shimmed or picked easily
55. You say keypad…
Cheaper than a badge system
Convenient for sharing code between multiple employees
But you have to change the code when employees leave
Analog keypads don’t have brute forcing detection capabilities
But, they can leak information about the code…
62. Attacking biometric systems
Biometric signatures (and/or pins) are stored on your access card!
If I can clone your card, I can just put in my own fingerprint/pin
Fingerprints can be duplicated
64. Defending against biometric attacks
Live tissue verification
Looks for heartbeat and body heat
Iris and retina scanners
Enable live scan for iris scans
65. Detection gives you the upper hand
Sensors
Door open, glass break, motion, infrared, acoustic, vibration, pressure
Monitor badge system for brute force attacks
Cameras can help identify intruders and what was taken
Test your systems regularly
66. Final thoughts
Look at your facility in a new light
Are your doors installed properly?
How are you locks looking?
What about those keypads?
Don’t forget about cameras!