This presentation tries to explain the different components of IOT and tries to compare the different platforms, protocols, frameworks in brief.

1. IOT Components
An Overview
By
Prashanth Nagaraj

2. IOT Architecture
Device
Sensors
Things
Actuators
CPU
OS
Connectivity
Data Transport
Gateway
Internet
Presentation Layer
Web Android IOS Desktop
Data Storage and Device Management
Apache HBase Cassandra mongoDB Amazon S3
Data Processing
MATLAB SASApache MahoutApache Hive
Application Server and Middleware
Reporting SurveillanceBillingNavigationRemote Control

3. Device side components…
 Things
o Vehicles
o Human Body
o Electric Appliances (Ex: Fridge, Bulbs, Washing Machine)
 Sensors
o GPS
o Accelerometer
o Gyroscope
o Temperature
o Speed/RPM
o Heart Rate
o Light intensity
o RFID
o Proximity Sensor
o CO2 emission rate
 Actuators
o Motors
o LEDs
o Speakers
o Brake controller

4. Device side components
 CPU/Board
o Arduino
o RaspberryPi
o Intel Edison
o TI
o Qualcomm
o Cypress
o MediaTek
 OS
o Linux
o Threadx
o ARM Mbed
o Contiki
o FreeRTOS
o NuttX
o RIOT OS

5. Comparison of IOT OS

6. Network Components
 Medium Access (Connectivity) Protocols
o Cellular (2G, 3G, 4G)
o WiFi
o BT/BLE
o Zigbee
o DASH
 Data Transport Protocols
o MQTT
o CoAP
o XMPP
o AMQP
o HTTP
o Websockets
o HTTP 2.0
 Gateways
 Internet

7. Short Range Connectivity Protocols

8. Long Range Connectivity Protocols
Global
Standard
Used
Frequency bands
Channel
width
Range
Maximum
end node
transmit
power
Packet size
Data rate
(uplink/downlink)
End node
roaming
allowed
Governing
body
DASH7
Alliance
Protocol 1.0
433/868/915 MHz
ISM/SRD
25 kHz or
200 kHz
0 – 5 km
433 MHz:
+10dBm
868/915 MHz:
+27dBm
max. 256
bytes/packet
9.6 kbit/s, 55.55
kbit/s or
166.667 kbit/s / 9.6
kbit/s, 55.55 kbit/s or
166.667 kbit/s
Yes
DASH7
Alliance
Dependent on
Regional
Up to 7,991
Bytes (w/o
Regulations
(from 1 mW
to 1 W)
Aggregation),
up to 65,535
Bytes (with
Aggregation)
LTE-Cat M Cellular 1.4 MHz 2.5– 5 km 100 mW
~100 -~1000
bytes typical
~200kbit/s/~200kbit/
s
Yes 3GPP
EU:<+14dBm
,
EU: 300 bit/s to 50
kbit/s/300 bit/s to 50
kbit/s,
US:<+27dBm
US:900bit/s-
100kbit/s/900bit/s-
100kbit/s
nWave Sub-1 GHz ISM
Ultra
narrow
band
10 km (urban),
20–30 km
(rural)
25-100 mW
12 byte
header, 2-20
byte payload
100 bit/s/- Yes Weightless SIG
SigFox 868/902 MHz ISM
Ultra
narrow
band
30–50 km
(rural),
3–10 km
(urban),
1000 km LoS
10μW to
100 mW
12 bytes
(payload)
100 bit/s to 140
messages/day/max.
4 messages of 8
bytes/day
Yes SigFox
Yes LoRa AllianceLoRaWAN
433/868/780/915 M
Hz ISM
EU:
8x125kHz,
US
64x125kHz
/8x125kHz,
Modulation:
2-5k (urban),
15k (rural)
User defined
Allowed by
other 802.11
am`endments
(like 802.11r)
IEEE 802.11
working group
IEEE
P802.11ah
(low power
Wi-Fi)
Unlicensed Sub-
1 GHz bands
(excluding TV
whitespace)
1/2/4/8/16
MHz
Up to 1 km
(outdoor)
150kbit/s ~
346.666Mbit/s/150kbi
t/s ~ 346.666Mbit/s

9. IOT Frameworks
Enables seamless device-to-device connectivity to
address the emerging needs of the Internet of Things.
 Google Weave
o XMPP
 Apple Homekit
o HTTP 1.1 and HTTP 2.0
 AllJoyn
o Alljoyn Custom Protocol
 IoTivity
o CoAP
 UPnP IOT
o HTTP

10. IOT Cloud
• AWS IOT
• IBM Blue Mix
• Azure IOT
• Verizon Thingspace
• Google Cloud
• Apple iCloud