This document appears to be a series of slides from a class on the history and future of technology. It discusses many important innovations from the past few decades like the invention of the internet, development of the World Wide Web, creation of search engines and e-commerce sites, growth of social media, and advances in areas like GPS, mobile devices, and digital assistants. Each slide focuses on a different technology, company, or concept, and provides brief details and dates to give context to the technological progression being outlined.
This document contains questions about travel experiences, preferences, and plans. It asks about the best and worst trips taken, preferences for traveling with children or alone/in groups, and preferences for types of transportation and vacations. It also inquires about travel to different regions like South America or camping, as well as perspectives on how vacations reflect social status, popular domestic destinations, ideal holidays for different ages, dream vacations with $100,000, differences between young and adult tourists, and difficult travel experiences.
This document contains 20 questions related to travel preferences and experiences. It asks about countries visited and desired to visit, travel companions, transportation methods, budgeting, visa requirements, souvenirs, seasons to travel, airlines, and reasons for travel. The questions cover topics like best destinations, travel photography, health issues while traveling, driver's licenses, and working as a tour guide.
The document provides information and questions to help plan a holiday, including how to choose a destination and type of holiday, what to budget, how to organize the trip, what items to bring, and means of transportation. It discusses setting a budget, choosing between activities like beach relaxation or active sports, and selecting a country, town, or resort. It also lists useful items to pack like maps, first aid kits, cameras, dictionaries for foreign travel, and discusses obtaining travel documents and insurance and exchanging currency.
This document contains vocabulary related to travel, sightseeing, and going on holiday. It includes words like visa, hotel, luggage, transportation methods like plane, train, boat, and activities like hiking, visiting art galleries and restaurants, sightseeing at places of interest. It also asks questions about travel preferences, experiences visiting places, and opinions on traveling to space.
This document provides instructions and information for students traveling to New York City. It outlines details about registering for the trip, what to bring, flight and travel logistics, safety tips for the city, and expectations for behavior. Students are reminded to arrive at the college by 1:50 AM on Sunday for the departure coach and given contact information for the group leader. An itinerary, room assignments, and other trip details are provided in additional documents.
This document contains questions about travel preferences and experiences, including favorite and least favorite trips, preferences for hotels versus camping and summer versus winter travel, modes of transportation, difficult travel situations, package tours, countries visited and desired to visit, interesting places within one's own country, languages spoken, preferences for active or relaxing holidays, and perspectives on the environmental impact of tourism. It asks for details about a high school trip, if taken.
This document outlines a marketing plan for a comedy film called "Jazzy in America" targeted at teenagers. The plan involves using radio, posters, TV breaks, buses, trains, billboards, interviews, behind-the-scenes footage, kid's toys in fast food meals, and competitions to promote the film and build awareness among its target demographic.
Invent the Future (Operating Systems in 2029)David Evans
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
For embedded notes, see:
http://rust-class.org/class-23-invent-the-future.html
"Even so, mankind will suffer badly from the disease of boredom, a disease spreading more widely each year and growing in intensity. This will have serious mental, emotional and sociological consequences, and I dare say that psychiatry will be far and away the most important medical specialty in 2014. The lucky few who can be involved in creative work of any sort will be the true elite of mankind, for they alone will do more than serve a machine.
Indeed, the most somber speculation I can make about A.D. 2014 is that in a society of enforced leisure, the most glorious single word in the vocabulary will have become work!"
Isaac Asimov, visit to the 2014 World's Fair, 1964
This document contains questions about travel experiences, preferences, and plans. It asks about the best and worst trips taken, preferences for traveling with children or alone/in groups, and preferences for types of transportation and vacations. It also inquires about travel to different regions like South America or camping, as well as perspectives on how vacations reflect social status, popular domestic destinations, ideal holidays for different ages, dream vacations with $100,000, differences between young and adult tourists, and difficult travel experiences.
This document contains 20 questions related to travel preferences and experiences. It asks about countries visited and desired to visit, travel companions, transportation methods, budgeting, visa requirements, souvenirs, seasons to travel, airlines, and reasons for travel. The questions cover topics like best destinations, travel photography, health issues while traveling, driver's licenses, and working as a tour guide.
The document provides information and questions to help plan a holiday, including how to choose a destination and type of holiday, what to budget, how to organize the trip, what items to bring, and means of transportation. It discusses setting a budget, choosing between activities like beach relaxation or active sports, and selecting a country, town, or resort. It also lists useful items to pack like maps, first aid kits, cameras, dictionaries for foreign travel, and discusses obtaining travel documents and insurance and exchanging currency.
This document contains vocabulary related to travel, sightseeing, and going on holiday. It includes words like visa, hotel, luggage, transportation methods like plane, train, boat, and activities like hiking, visiting art galleries and restaurants, sightseeing at places of interest. It also asks questions about travel preferences, experiences visiting places, and opinions on traveling to space.
This document provides instructions and information for students traveling to New York City. It outlines details about registering for the trip, what to bring, flight and travel logistics, safety tips for the city, and expectations for behavior. Students are reminded to arrive at the college by 1:50 AM on Sunday for the departure coach and given contact information for the group leader. An itinerary, room assignments, and other trip details are provided in additional documents.
This document contains questions about travel preferences and experiences, including favorite and least favorite trips, preferences for hotels versus camping and summer versus winter travel, modes of transportation, difficult travel situations, package tours, countries visited and desired to visit, interesting places within one's own country, languages spoken, preferences for active or relaxing holidays, and perspectives on the environmental impact of tourism. It asks for details about a high school trip, if taken.
This document outlines a marketing plan for a comedy film called "Jazzy in America" targeted at teenagers. The plan involves using radio, posters, TV breaks, buses, trains, billboards, interviews, behind-the-scenes footage, kid's toys in fast food meals, and competitions to promote the film and build awareness among its target demographic.
Invent the Future (Operating Systems in 2029)David Evans
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
For embedded notes, see:
http://rust-class.org/class-23-invent-the-future.html
"Even so, mankind will suffer badly from the disease of boredom, a disease spreading more widely each year and growing in intensity. This will have serious mental, emotional and sociological consequences, and I dare say that psychiatry will be far and away the most important medical specialty in 2014. The lucky few who can be involved in creative work of any sort will be the true elite of mankind, for they alone will do more than serve a machine.
Indeed, the most somber speculation I can make about A.D. 2014 is that in a society of enforced leisure, the most glorious single word in the vocabulary will have become work!"
Isaac Asimov, visit to the 2014 World's Fair, 1964
Class 1: Introduction - What is an Operating System?David Evans
The document provides an overview of operating systems and what constitutes an operating system. It discusses how operating systems manage computer hardware resources, provide common services for application programs, and act as an intermediary between the user and hardware. The document notes that operating systems vary in how they accomplish these tasks based on the type of computer, whether it's a mainframe, PC, or mobile device. It also discusses how operating systems abstract away the messy hardware interfaces to provide cleaner interfaces for application programs.
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
The Internet
Benchmarking: Customer vs. Developer
Cheating on Benchmarks
Networking
Latency and Bandwidth
Tracing Routes
Network Layers
For embedded notes and videos, see:
http://rust-class.org/class-13-the-internet.html
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
What happened with Apple's SSL implementation
How to make sure this doesn't happen to you!
Sharing data
ARCs in Rust
Scheduling
For embedded notes, see:
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Scheduling in Linux, 2002-2014
Energy and Scheduling
OSX Mavericks Timer Coalescing
Scheduling Web Servers
Healthcare.gov
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class-12-scheduling-in-linux-and-web-servers.html
Kernel-Level Programming: Entering Ring NaughtDavid Evans
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Leslie Lamport wins the Turing Award!
Hardware-Based Memory Isolation
Software-Based Memory Isolation
Kernel-Level Programming
Which came first, programming languages or operating systems?
Programming without other programs
Kernel development
IronKernel
For embedded notes, see:
http://rust-class.org/class-14-entering-ring-naught.html
This document provides an overview of file systems and storage technologies, including Unix System 5, log-structured file systems, ZFS, RAID, flash memory, and garbage collection. It discusses how files are represented and accessed in different systems. The key aspects covered are:
- How Unix System 5 represents files using inodes and disk blocks
- How log-structured file systems write files sequentially to avoid overwriting and better suit flash memory
- Techniques used in modern file systems like ZFS to provide redundancy, detect errors, and improve performance
- Challenges of flash memory like limited write cycles and how file systems address these
- Garbage collection methods used in log-structured file systems to reclaim
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org/class-1-what-is-an-operating-system.html
Class 1: What is an Operating System?
Why so many programming languages?
Introducing Rust
Smarter Scheduling (Priorities, Preemptive Priority Scheduling, Lottery and S...David Evans
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Scheduling Recap
Real-Time Scheduling
On-Demand vs. Planned Scheduling
First Come, First Served
Round-Robin
Priorities
Priority Preemptive
Priority Inversion
Lottery Scheduling
Stride Scheduling
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class-11-smarter-scheduling.html
The story of humanity, from the big bang through the first billion Android activations.
Notes available at: http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs4414-fall2013/class-3-zero-to-a-billion-in-486-years.html
The morals:
- War and scarity are powerful motivators, but in the long run, openness and altruism always win.
- Its a really exciting time in computing! The next new platform to reach a billion devices should take much less than five years, and we probably haven't yet heard of it.
The document outlines the plan for the day which includes administrative tasks, communication methods, grading, and recording classes. It discusses IRC, a class website, and email for communication. It notes grading will not be stressful and includes a grading form. It describes future problem sets will include an auto-grader and demos. Recording classes will be somewhat edited and to press a button if you don't want to be recorded. It ends with asking if there are any questions.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the Rust programming language. It begins with a brief history of computing systems and an explanation of why Rust is being used in the course. It then covers some basic Rust constructs like if expressions and higher-order functions. It also discusses challenges like lack of documentation and provides strategies for solving programming mysteries in Rust. The document ends with an example of Rust code for a simple HTTP server.
Putting a Fork in Fork (Linux Process and Memory Management)David Evans
The document discusses several topics related to computer science class cs4414 at University of Virginia:
- Updates were due Sunday at 11:59pm including progress updates and scheduling design reviews.
- Tuesday's class will feature a guest lecture on authentication using single sign-on.
- The last class covered translation lookaside buffers and paging/segmentation concepts.
- A code sample is shown and analyzed that causes a segmentation fault due to accessing memory outside the allocated space.
- Details are provided on limiting resources and viewing process limits.
Multi-Tasking Map (MapReduce, Tasks in Rust)David Evans
The document discusses parallelizing the map function in Rust. It begins with an explanation of the original sequential map implementation and a first attempt at parallelization using spawn. This raises issues around shared memory that are solved through the use of channels. The presentation then discusses tasks in Rust and how they enable safely sharing immutable data. It concludes with questions about how much faster a parallel map implementation would be on different machines with varying numbers of cores.
The document outlines the schedule and content for a university computer science class. It includes an introduction to scheduling, a kernel timer winner, scheduling demos from student teams, a discussion of scheduling strategies like first-come first-served and round-robin, and a review of priority scheduling. It also announces details about an upcoming midterm exam and shows the results of a Rust program performance test on different laptops.
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Explicit vs. Automatic Memory Management
Garbage Collection, Reference Counting
Rust ownership types
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class9-pointers-in-rust.html
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
What is special about the kernel
Privileged Instructions
How many processes should a browser have?
gash demo
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Explicit Memory Management
4.3BSD
Morris Worm
fingerd code
NX bit
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class-8-managing-memory.html
This document contains the notes from a class about cryptocurrency. It discusses the final exam, which will involve explaining bitcoin to different audiences and answering substantive questions. It then lists the names of students in the class divided into teams based on their answers to a registration question. The rest of the document outlines a jeopardy game about cryptocurrency topics played between the student teams, including questions about Satoshi Nakamoto, hashing, scripts, cryptography, randomness, and altcoins.
Trick or Treat?: Bitcoin for Non-Believers, Cryptocurrencies for CypherpunksDavid Evans
David Evans
DC Area Crypto Day
Johns Hopkins University
30 October 2015
This (non-research) talk will start with a tutorial introduction to cryptocurrencies and how bitcoin works (and doesn’t work) today. We’ll touch on some of the legal, policy, and business aspects of bitcoin and discuss some potential research opportunities in cryptocurrencies.
Class 1: Introduction - What is an Operating System?David Evans
The document provides an overview of operating systems and what constitutes an operating system. It discusses how operating systems manage computer hardware resources, provide common services for application programs, and act as an intermediary between the user and hardware. The document notes that operating systems vary in how they accomplish these tasks based on the type of computer, whether it's a mainframe, PC, or mobile device. It also discusses how operating systems abstract away the messy hardware interfaces to provide cleaner interfaces for application programs.
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
The Internet
Benchmarking: Customer vs. Developer
Cheating on Benchmarks
Networking
Latency and Bandwidth
Tracing Routes
Network Layers
For embedded notes and videos, see:
http://rust-class.org/class-13-the-internet.html
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
What happened with Apple's SSL implementation
How to make sure this doesn't happen to you!
Sharing data
ARCs in Rust
Scheduling
For embedded notes, see:
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Scheduling in Linux, 2002-2014
Energy and Scheduling
OSX Mavericks Timer Coalescing
Scheduling Web Servers
Healthcare.gov
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class-12-scheduling-in-linux-and-web-servers.html
Kernel-Level Programming: Entering Ring NaughtDavid Evans
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Leslie Lamport wins the Turing Award!
Hardware-Based Memory Isolation
Software-Based Memory Isolation
Kernel-Level Programming
Which came first, programming languages or operating systems?
Programming without other programs
Kernel development
IronKernel
For embedded notes, see:
http://rust-class.org/class-14-entering-ring-naught.html
This document provides an overview of file systems and storage technologies, including Unix System 5, log-structured file systems, ZFS, RAID, flash memory, and garbage collection. It discusses how files are represented and accessed in different systems. The key aspects covered are:
- How Unix System 5 represents files using inodes and disk blocks
- How log-structured file systems write files sequentially to avoid overwriting and better suit flash memory
- Techniques used in modern file systems like ZFS to provide redundancy, detect errors, and improve performance
- Challenges of flash memory like limited write cycles and how file systems address these
- Garbage collection methods used in log-structured file systems to reclaim
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org/class-1-what-is-an-operating-system.html
Class 1: What is an Operating System?
Why so many programming languages?
Introducing Rust
Smarter Scheduling (Priorities, Preemptive Priority Scheduling, Lottery and S...David Evans
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Scheduling Recap
Real-Time Scheduling
On-Demand vs. Planned Scheduling
First Come, First Served
Round-Robin
Priorities
Priority Preemptive
Priority Inversion
Lottery Scheduling
Stride Scheduling
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class-11-smarter-scheduling.html
The story of humanity, from the big bang through the first billion Android activations.
Notes available at: http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs4414-fall2013/class-3-zero-to-a-billion-in-486-years.html
The morals:
- War and scarity are powerful motivators, but in the long run, openness and altruism always win.
- Its a really exciting time in computing! The next new platform to reach a billion devices should take much less than five years, and we probably haven't yet heard of it.
The document outlines the plan for the day which includes administrative tasks, communication methods, grading, and recording classes. It discusses IRC, a class website, and email for communication. It notes grading will not be stressful and includes a grading form. It describes future problem sets will include an auto-grader and demos. Recording classes will be somewhat edited and to press a button if you don't want to be recorded. It ends with asking if there are any questions.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the Rust programming language. It begins with a brief history of computing systems and an explanation of why Rust is being used in the course. It then covers some basic Rust constructs like if expressions and higher-order functions. It also discusses challenges like lack of documentation and provides strategies for solving programming mysteries in Rust. The document ends with an example of Rust code for a simple HTTP server.
Putting a Fork in Fork (Linux Process and Memory Management)David Evans
The document discusses several topics related to computer science class cs4414 at University of Virginia:
- Updates were due Sunday at 11:59pm including progress updates and scheduling design reviews.
- Tuesday's class will feature a guest lecture on authentication using single sign-on.
- The last class covered translation lookaside buffers and paging/segmentation concepts.
- A code sample is shown and analyzed that causes a segmentation fault due to accessing memory outside the allocated space.
- Details are provided on limiting resources and viewing process limits.
Multi-Tasking Map (MapReduce, Tasks in Rust)David Evans
The document discusses parallelizing the map function in Rust. It begins with an explanation of the original sequential map implementation and a first attempt at parallelization using spawn. This raises issues around shared memory that are solved through the use of channels. The presentation then discusses tasks in Rust and how they enable safely sharing immutable data. It concludes with questions about how much faster a parallel map implementation would be on different machines with varying numbers of cores.
The document outlines the schedule and content for a university computer science class. It includes an introduction to scheduling, a kernel timer winner, scheduling demos from student teams, a discussion of scheduling strategies like first-come first-served and round-robin, and a review of priority scheduling. It also announces details about an upcoming midterm exam and shows the results of a Rust program performance test on different laptops.
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Explicit vs. Automatic Memory Management
Garbage Collection, Reference Counting
Rust ownership types
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class9-pointers-in-rust.html
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
What is special about the kernel
Privileged Instructions
How many processes should a browser have?
gash demo
University of Virginia
cs4414: Operating Systems
http://rust-class.org
Explicit Memory Management
4.3BSD
Morris Worm
fingerd code
NX bit
For embedded notes, see: http://rust-class.org/class-8-managing-memory.html
This document contains the notes from a class about cryptocurrency. It discusses the final exam, which will involve explaining bitcoin to different audiences and answering substantive questions. It then lists the names of students in the class divided into teams based on their answers to a registration question. The rest of the document outlines a jeopardy game about cryptocurrency topics played between the student teams, including questions about Satoshi Nakamoto, hashing, scripts, cryptography, randomness, and altcoins.
Trick or Treat?: Bitcoin for Non-Believers, Cryptocurrencies for CypherpunksDavid Evans
David Evans
DC Area Crypto Day
Johns Hopkins University
30 October 2015
This (non-research) talk will start with a tutorial introduction to cryptocurrencies and how bitcoin works (and doesn’t work) today. We’ll touch on some of the legal, policy, and business aspects of bitcoin and discuss some potential research opportunities in cryptocurrencies.
This document summarizes a class about hidden services using Tor and zero knowledge proofs. It discusses the rise of Bitcoin prices in August 2015, provides an overview of how Tor hidden services work through a network of nodes, and how the FBI was able to locate the Silk Road server. It also mentions that Problem Set 3 is due and lists upcoming office hours for students to attend.
This document summarizes anonymity and unlinkability in bitcoin transactions. It discusses how using different bitcoin addresses, or pseudonyms, makes it difficult to link transactions. Techniques like coinjoin and mixers are described that further confound tracing transactions by combining inputs from multiple users. The document mentions Silk Road, an illegal darknet market, and how its founder Ross Ulbricht now aims to create an economic simulation without coercion. It covers some threats to validity in analyzing anonymity and ends discussing communication privacy techniques like onion routing.
1) The midterm discussion covered confirmations in cryptocurrency transactions and the average wait time for the first confirmation.
2) It was noted that the threshold for being considered a "bitcoin expert" based on answering questions well on the midterm was around 85% of questions answered correctly.
3) Students were given updates on assignment due dates and opportunities to improve their midterm score by identifying and correcting incorrect statements in a referenced blockchain report.
The document summarizes a class on scripting and transactions in cryptocurrency. It discusses how Bitcoin core code has evolved over time to interpret scripts for locking and unlocking transactions. Examples are provided of common script patterns used prior to 2010, including pay-to-pubkey-hash and an important bug discovered that could allow stealing outputs. More advanced scripting options are also mentioned, such as checkmultisig.
The document summarizes a class on cryptocurrency and Bitcoin script. It discusses generating Bitcoin addresses through hashing public keys, describes the Bitcoin script language as a stack-based language similar to JVML used to write programs in transactions. It also notes that while Bitcoin script has limitations, altcoins are taking different approaches to scripting languages. Finally, it reminds students that project 2 is due Friday and the next class will feature a guest lecture from Tom Dukes on cyberlaw.
- Cryptocurrency mining requires a massive amount of energy. A single large bitcoin mining facility in China uses $60,000 worth of electricity per month.
- The total hashing power of the bitcoin network is estimated to be around 4.2 x 10^17 hashes per second, equivalent to around 212 megawatts of power continuously. This is around 9 times the power output of Dominion Power's Lake Anna Power Station.
- It is estimated that it takes around 35,395 kWh of electricity to mine a single bitcoin, costing $2,831 at a rate of $0.08 per kWh. However, the reward for mining a block is currently around 25 BTC, worth $5
This document summarizes a class lecture on cryptocurrency mining. It discusses the mining process, which involves finding a nonce value that satisfies the mining difficulty target for a block. Miners include transactions and solve cryptographic puzzles to validate blocks and earn rewards. The document explains Merkle trees, which improve transaction verification scalability. It also discusses the high computational costs and energy requirements of mining, noting specialized mining hardware can solve puzzles thousands of times faster than CPUs. The goal of mining is to process and validate transactions in a decentralized manner to maintain blockchain integrity.
- The document provides an overview of the schedule and topics for a cryptography class, including an introduction to cryptography today, Elliptic Curve Cryptography and signatures on Wednesday, and a checkup on the first three classes next Monday.
- It also lists the assigned readings for chapters 1-4 of the textbook and provides information about the backgrounds of students in the class.
- The remainder of the document discusses setting up a Bitcoin wallet, downloading the blockchain, hierarchical deterministic wallets, and provides a recap of the concepts from the previous class around what makes something a currency and how ownership of digital goods can be established.
This document provides an overview of a class on cryptocurrency and bitcoin. It discusses what makes a good currency, the history of currencies like salt and fiat currency, and challenges with decentralized digital currencies. It introduces bitcoin's approach of using a public ledger recorded through mining to record all transactions in a decentralized way without requiring trust in a central authority. The class will cover cryptography, computer science, economics and other topics through studying bitcoin as a concrete system. Students are assigned to set up a bitcoin wallet and complete readings before the next class.
This document contains the agenda for a cryptocurrency class. It lists several student presentations on topics related to cryptocurrency that will take place, including analyses of SHA hashing in Bitcoin, financial markets and game theory related to cryptocurrencies, and studying coinbase reserves to predict market price. It also references materials on the history of banking and reserve requirements. The document provides details on cryptocurrency student projects and presentations for an upcoming class.
This document summarizes a class on cryptocurrency and Silk Road. It discusses sidechains and how they allow bitcoin to evolve. It covers the legality of bitcoin in different jurisdictions, with some considering it legal, others contentious, and some viewing it as hostile. It then discusses Silk Road, the illegal online marketplace that was shut down, and how it used Tor and bitcoin. It summarizes how the FBI claims to have found the Silk Road server despite its use of Tor anonymity technology.
This document discusses Bloom filters and their use in Bitcoin simplified payment verification (SPV) nodes. It also covers merged mining, which allows mining of multiple cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Namecoin using the same hashing power. Sidechains are also mentioned. The document provides details on Bloom filter design and analysis, including the probability of false matches. It notes examples of merged mining blocks and addresses potential issues like those found in the Namecoin code. Project presentation dates are provided at the end.
This document summarizes a class about proofs-of-work for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. It discusses how Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies use computationally intensive but useless proofs-of-work like SHA-256 to motivate investment in specialized hardware. It also explores the possibility of proofs-of-work that have useful outputs, like protein folding, and challenges in designing proofs-of-work that produce useful work while maintaining security properties. Finally, it announces an upcoming class about project proposals.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
This talk will give hands-on advice on building RAG applications with an open-source Milvus database deployed as a docker container. We will also introduce the integration of Milvus with Snowpark Container Services.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
2. This Week in cs4414
Today: What will happen in the next 15 years
Tomorrow (4:59pm Wednesday):
team project submission due
link, well-written description
if you want to demo Thursday
if you want extension to submit final project
Thursday’s class: Project Demos
Friday (11:49pm): Individual Submissions Due
includes evaluation of your project teammates
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
1
3. Prediction is very
difficult, especially
about the future.
Neils Bohr
Det er svært at spå, især
om fremtiden.
Robert Storm Petersen
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
2
4. It is difficult to
predict, especially about
the future
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
3
6. AT&T’s “You Will” (1993-4)
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
5
7. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
6
9. Prediction #1
Amazon, Facebook, Google, and Microsoft
combined will contribute less valuable
technological innovation to society in 19902030 than Bell Labs did in 1940-1980.
transistor (1947)
3 December 2013
information theory,
cryptography (1945)
University of Virginia cs4414
cellular telephony (1947)
8
10. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
9
11. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Firstcarried your medical history in your wallet
Release 2003
Agents
conducted business in a language
Created by Ahti Heinla , Priit
Education
you don’t understand
rd
learned special things from faraway places year had an assistant who lived in your
Kasesalu, and Jaan Tallinn (3
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
at University car with a television
fixed your of Tartu in 1994)
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
10
12. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
11
13. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
12
14. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption Berners-Lee
Sir Tim
borrowed a book from thousands of
First WWW Prototype at CERN 1990miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
13
15. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
Marc Andreesen
conducted business in a language
Student at U. Illinois
Education
you don’t understand
NCSA Mosaic released in 1993
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
David Filo and Jerry Yang
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
Students at Stanford
University of Virginia cs4414
Yahoo 1994
14
16. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
15
17. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
16
18. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history inGPS (10 sats): used in 1990-1 Gulf War
your wallet
conducted
First Garmin: $2500business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
GPS (24
learned special things from faraway places sats) Operational 1995lived in your
had an assistant who
had a classmate who is thousands of1996: Dual-Use Directive
miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
17
19. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
18
20. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
19
21. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
amazon.com opens: July 1995
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
20
22. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
21
23. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
22
24. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
23
25. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
24
26. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
25
27. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
August 2011
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
26
28. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
August 2011
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
27
29. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
28
30. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
29
31. $100,000,000
Cost to sequence human genome
Moore’s Law prediction
(halve every 18 months)
$10,000,000
Predicting steady
technology
improvement is
easy!
$1,000,000
$100,000
$10,000
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
30
Feb 2013
Aug 2012
Feb 2012
Aug 2011
Feb 2011
Aug 2010
Feb 2010
Aug 2009
Feb 2009
Aug 2008
Feb 2008
Aug 2007
Feb 2007
Aug 2006
Feb 2006
Aug 2005
Feb 2005
Aug 2004
Feb 2004
Aug 2003
Feb 2003
Aug 2002
Feb 2002
Aug 2001
$1,000
32. $100,000,000
Cost to sequence human genome
Moore’s Law prediction
(halve every 18 months)
$10,000,000
$1,000,000
$100,000
$10,000
University of Virginia cs4414
31
Feb 2013
Aug 2012
Feb 2012
Aug 2011
Feb 2011
Aug 2010
Feb 2010
Aug 2009
Feb 2009
Aug 2008
Feb 2008
Aug 2007
Feb 2007
Aug 2006
Feb 2006
Aug 2005
Feb 2005
Aug 2004
Feb 2004
Aug 2003
Feb 2003
Aug 2002
Aug 2001
3 December 2013
Feb 2002
Ion torrent Personal Genome Machine
$1,000
33. Human Genome Sequencing Using Unchained Base Reads on Self-Assembling DNA Nanoarrays. Radoje
Drmanac, Andrew B. Sparks, Matthew J. Callow, Aaron L. Halpern, Norman L. Burns, Bahram G. Kermani, Paolo
Carnevali, Igor Nazarenko, Geoffrey B. Nilsen, George Yeung, Fredrik Dahl, Andres Fernandez, Bryan Staker, Krishna
P. Pant, Jonathan Baccash, Adam P. Borcherding, Anushka Brownley, Ryan Cedeno, Linsu Chen, Dan Chernikoff,
Alex Cheung, Razvan Chirita, Benjamin Curson, Jessica C. Ebert, Coleen R. Hacker, Robert Hartlage, Brian Hauser,
Steve Huang, Yuan Jiang, Vitali Karpinchyk, Mark Koenig, Calvin Kong, Tom Landers, Catherine Le, Jia Liu, Celeste E.
McBride, Matt Morenzoni, Robert E. Morey, Karl Mutch, Helena Perazich, Kimberly Perry, Brock A. Peters, Joe
Peterson, Charit L. Pethiyagoda, Kaliprasad Pothuraju, Claudia Richter, Abraham M. Rosenbaum, Shaunak Roy, Jay
Shafto, Uladzislau Sharanhovich, Karen W. Shannon, Conrad G. Sheppy, Michel Sun, Joseph V. Thakuria, Anne Tran,
Dylan Vu, Alexander Wait Zaranek, Xiaodi Wu, Snezana Drmanac, Arnold R. Oliphant, William C. Banyai, Bruce
Martin, Dennis G. Ballinger, George M. Church, Clifford A. Reid. Science, January 2010.
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
32
35. Commerce
renewed your driver’s license at a cash machine
bought concert tickets from a cash machine
checked out of a supermarket a whole cart at a time
sent someone a fax from the beach
Travel
crossed the country without asking for directions
paid a toll without slowing down
Media Consumption
borrowed a book from thousands of miles away
watched the movie you wanted to the minute you wanted to
Video Chat
tucked your baby in from a phone booth
put your heads together when you’re not together
attended a meeting in your bare feet
Security
opened doors with the sound of your voice
kept an eye on your home when you’re not at home
Agents
carried your medical history in your wallet
conducted business in a language
Education
you don’t understand
learned special things from faraway places
had an assistant who lived in your
had a classmate who is thousands of miles away
computer
fixed your car with a television
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
34
36. Prediction #2
Within 15 years, at least 95% of the world’s
adult population will have done everything on
the “You Will” list (or something comparable
but much better).
Note: this implies end to world poverty!
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
35
42. “Today, of Americans
officially designated as
‘poor’, 99 percent have
electricity, running
water, flush toilets, and a
refrigerator; 95 percent have
a television, 88 percent a
telephone, 71 percent a car
and 70 percent air
conditioning. Cornelius
Vanderbilt had none of
these.”
Matt Ridley
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
41
49. Prediction #3
Over the next 15 years, there will be
inventions that change the world at least as
much as the semiconductor, personal
computer, and Internet did over the last 30.
Drone delivery?
3D fabrication?
Printing food?
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
AI?
48
51. “If you’re going to use your computer to
simulate some phenomenon in the
universe, then it only becomes interesting if
you change the scale of that phenomenon by
at least a factor of 10. … For a 3D
simulation, an increase by a factor of 10 in
each of the three dimensions increases your
volume by a factor of 1000.”
What is the asymptotic running time
for simulating the universe?
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
50
52. Astrophysics and Moore’s Law
3)
(n
• Simulating universe is
• Moore’s “law”: computing power
doubles every 18 months
• Dr. Tyson: to understand something
new about the universe, need to
scale by 10x
How long does it take to know twice
as much about the universe?
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
51
55. 15 years 1000x computing power
double understanding
re’s an
ritten rule in
ophysics: your
puter
lation must
before you
Neil deGrasse
Tyson
Will there be any mystery left in the
Universe when you die?
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
54
56. Only two things are
infinite, the universe
and human
stupidity, and I'm
not sure about the
former.
Albert Einstein
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
55
57. The Endless Golden Age
• Golden Age – period in which
knowledge/quality of something improves
exponentially
• At any point in history, half of what is known
about astrophysics was discovered in the
previous 15 years!
– Moore’s law today, but other advances previously
(and tomorrow):
telescopes, photocopiers, clocks, agriculture, drone
Accumulating 4% per year => doubling every 15 years!
delivery, personal assistant, etc.
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
56
58. Log scale: straight line = exponential curve!
3 December 2013
“Any physical quantity
that’s growing
exponentially predicts
a disaster, you simply
can’t go beyond certain
major limits.”
Gordon Moore (2007)
Koomey’s Law:Assessing Trends in the
Electrical Efficiency of Computation Over
Time
University of Virginia cs4414
57
59. An analysis of the history of technology
shows that technological change is
exponential, contrary to the common-sense
'intuitive linear' view. So we won't experience
100 years of progress in the 21st century-it
will be more like 20,000 years of progress (at
today’s rate)... Within a few
decades, machine intelligence will surpass
human intelligence, leading to the Singularity
— technological change so rapid and
profound it represents a rupture in the fabric
of human history. The implications include
the merger of biological and non-biological
intelligence, immortal software-based
humans, and ultra-high levels of intelligence
that expand outward in the universe at the
speed of2013
3 December light.
University of Virginia cs4414
Ray Kurzweil
58
61. Sustainability is a very depressing goal for a
scientist/engineer – we should be striving for
progress!
1. share what we have with the rest of the world (by
lowering costs)
2. invent new things that improve the
quality, interconnectedness, and length of human
life
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
60
64. The great and unlooked for
discoveries that have taken place
of late years in natural
philosophy, the increasing diffusion
of general knowledge from the
extension of the art of printing, the
ardent and unshackled spirit of
inquiry that prevails throughout
the lettered and even unlettered
world, … have all concurred to lead
many able men into the opinion
that we were touching on a period
big with the most important
changes, changes that would in
some measure be decisive of the
future fate of mankind.”
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
63
65. I think I may fairly make two postulata.
–First, that food is necessary to the
existence of man.
–Secondly, that the passion between the
sexes is necessary and will remain….
Assuming then my postulata, I say, that the
power of population is indefinitely greater
than the power in the earth to produce
subsistence. Population, when
unchecked, increases in a geometrical ratio.
Subsistence increases only in an arithmetical
ratio.
Food per person = (n) / (kn) approaches 0
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
64
67. Malthus’ Fallacy
He forgot how he started:
The great and unlooked for discoveries that
have taken place of late years in natural
philosophy, the increasing diffusion of general
knowledge from the extension of the art of
printing, the ardent and unshackled spirit of
inquiry that prevails throughout the lettered
and even unlettered world…
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
66
68. Golden Age of Food Production
Agriculture is an “endless golden age”
field: production from the same land increases
as ~ (1.02n)
Increasing knowledge of farming, weather
forecasting, plant domestication, genetic
engineering, pest repellants, distribution
channels, preservatives, etc.
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
67
69. Growing Corn
1906: < 1,000
pounds per acre
2006: 10,000
pounds per acre
Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
68
70. Note: Log axis!
Corn Yield
http://www.agbioforum.org/v2n1/v2n1a10-ruttan.htm
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
69
73. “At a time when doom-sayers were hopping around saying
everyone was going to starve, Norman was working. He moved
to Mexico and lived among the people there until he figured
out how to improve the output of the farmers. So that saved a
million lives. Then he packed up his family and moved to
India, where in spite of a war with Pakistan, he managed to
introduce new wheat strains that quadrupled their food
output. So that saved another million. You get it? But he wasn't
done. He did the same thing with a new rice in China. He's
doing the same thing in Africa -- as much of Africa as he's
allowed to visit. When he won the Nobel Prize in 1970, they
said he had saved a billion people. That's BILLION! BUH! That's
Carl Sagan BILLION with a "B"! And most of them were a
different race from him. Norman is the greatest human
being, and you probably never heard of him.”
Penn Jillette (Penn & Teller)
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
72
74. Malthus was wrong about #2 Also
Advances in science (birth
control), medicine (higher life
expectancy), education, and societal and
political changes (e.g., regulation in China)
have reduced k (it is < 1 in many countries
now!)
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
73
77. “Cornucopian View”
Few resources are really finite
All scientific things have endless golden ages
Knowledge accumulates
Knowledge makes it easier to acquire more
(We hope) Human ingenuity and economics and
politics will continue solve problems before
they become catastrophes
No one will sell the last gallon of gas for $3
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
76
78. Prediction #4
The vast majority of jobs people have today
will be automated, and the fraction of the
world’s population who can produce
something of economic value (i.e., that
cannot be done better and cheaper by
machines) will plummet.
Automated Mall Cop
3 December 2013
Automated Warehouse
University of Virginia cs4414
77
79. Will the elimination of
tedious human work
cause mass riots or
mass rejoicing?
Luddites, 1812
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
78
80. Charles Vest’s slide idea!
America will
always do the
right thing
but only
after exhausting
all other options.
Winston Churchill
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
79
81. Charge
The best way to
predict the future
is to invent it.
— Alan Kay
Project submissions by 4:59pm tomorrow!
3 December 2013
University of Virginia cs4414
80