Introduction_to_HFSS_MoralesHernandezAitor.pdf

Introduction to HFSS
A. Morales–Hernández
Department of Physics, Systems Engineering and Signal Theory
University Institute of Physics Applied to Sciences and Technologies
University of Alicante (SPAIN)

1. Creating a new design
2. Windows
3. What do we want to desing?
4. Design of a microstrip transmission line
5. AppCAD
6. Design in HFSS
7. Design of a patch antenna
8. Other utilities of interest
Índice

1. Creating a new design
Insert HFSS Design

2. Windows
Panel de Herramientas
Properties
Log / Message Manager Progress Panel
Project Manager
Design
Materials,
Coordinates,
…

3. What do we want to design?
• 𝑓1 = 1 𝐺𝐻𝑧
• 𝑓2 = 2 𝐺𝐻𝑧
• 𝑓3 = 4 𝐺𝐻𝑧
•Analyze differences with the electric field 𝐸 representation
λ/4 and λ/2 transmission lines
• 𝑓0 = 2 𝐺𝐻𝑧
•S-Parameters
•2D and 3D radiation diagrams
Patch Antenna
Substrate
Rogers® 4003C
h = 1.52 mm
t = 0.032 mm (Copper)
𝜖𝑟 = 3.55

4. Design of a microstrip
transmission line
Top: Copper
Middle: Substrate Rogers® 4003
Bottom: Copper
What
dimensions? AppCAD

5. AppCAD
Substrate
parameters
Design
frequency
Design parameter for
𝒁𝟎 = 50 Ω
Interesting data
𝝀 = 𝟖𝟗. 𝟔𝟗𝟔𝒎𝒎 @ 𝟐 𝑮𝑯𝒛

5. AppCAD
Be careful with units!

6. Design in HFSS
• TOP: Copper
o We can use Draw box (3D) o Draw rectangle (2D) + Sweep
o Assign name and material (Right button → Assign Material…)
• MIDDLE: Substrate material
o Same as the previous step.
• BOTTOM: Copper
• Air box
o Add Boundary Radiation
6.1 Definition of different material layers

6. Design in HFSS
6.2 Defining WavePorts
• Defining Wave Ports for input (and output, if it is necessary)
o By using Draw rectangle (2D)
o Change the plane to ZX

6. Design in HFSS
• Assing Wave Port
o Right button
o Assign Excitation → Wave Port…
6.2 Defining WavePorts

6. Design in HFSS
• Defining the Analysis Setup
o It is useful to analyze the designed prototype
o It divides the design into tetrahedra in order to solve the electromagnetic fields
▪ Analysis → Right button → Add solution setup…
▪ Parameters:
➢ Frecuency
➢ Maximum Number of Passes (Recommeded: 30 aprox.)
➢ Maximum Delta S (Recommeded : < 0.008)
➢ Minimum Converged Passes (Recommeded: ≥ 2)
6.3 Defining the Analysis Setup

6. Design in HFSS
6.3 Defining the Analysis Setup

6. Design in HFSS
6.4 Defining the Sweep Setup
• Defining the Sweep Setup
o It is used to define the frequency range to be represented.
▪ Analysis → Setup → Right button → Add frequency sweep…
▪ Parameters:
➢ Sweep Type: Fast
➢ Start frequency
➢ End frequency
➢ Points (Recommended: ≥ 2000)
➢ Save Fields: No

6. Design in HFSS
6.4 Defining the Sweep Setup

6. Design in HFSS
6.5 Validation Check
• Validation Check
o We can verify the design by using the button.

6. Design in HFSS
6.6 Analysis
• Analysis
o Two different ways:
▪ Click on
▪ Setup → Right button → Analyze

6. Design in HFSS
6.7 Plotting results
• Plotting results
▪ Results → Right button
→ Create Modal
Solution Data Report
▪ We can select the
parameters that we
need to represents (S-
Parameters Group Delay,
etc…)

6. Design in HFSS
6.7 Plotting Results

6. Design in HFSS
6.8 Representation of the electric field
• Representation of the electric field
o We can see the electric field distribution:
▪ Edit → Select → Faces (we need to select the face where we want to
represent the electric field)
▪ We select the top face of the substrate.
▪ Field Overlays → Right button → Plot Fields → E → ComplexMag_E

6. Design in HFSS
• Representation of the electric field
o Recommeded:
▪ Change to log scale:
➢ Right button in the legend →
Modify → Scale → Log

6. Design in HFSS
λ/4 transmission line @ 2GHz

6. Design in HFSS
λ/2 transmission line @ 4GHz

7.1 Design equations
𝑊 =
𝑐
2 · 𝑓
𝑟
·
2
𝜖𝑟 + 1
𝜖𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
𝜖𝑟 + 1
2
+
𝜖𝑟 − 1
2
·
1
1 +
2 · ℎ
𝑊
𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
𝑐
2 · 𝑓
𝑟 · 𝜖𝑒𝑓𝑓
Δ𝐿 = 0.412 · ℎ ·
𝜖𝑒𝑓𝑓 + 0.3 ·
𝑊
ℎ
+ 0.264
𝜖𝑒𝑓𝑓 − 0.258 ·
𝑊
ℎ
+ 0.8
𝐿 = 𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 − 2 · Δ𝐿
[1] H. Werfelli, K. Tayari, M. Chaoui, M. Lahiani and
H. Ghariani, "Design of rectangular microstrip patch
antenna," 2016 2nd International Conference on
Advanced Technologies for Signal and Image
Processing (ATSIP), Monastir, 2016, pp. 798-803.

7.1 Design equations
𝑊 = 49.72 mm
𝜖𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 3.5127
𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 40.02 mm
Δ𝐿 = 0.721 mm
𝐿 = 38.57 mm
Rogers® 4003
h = 1.52 mm
𝜖𝑟 = 3.55
𝑓
𝑟 = 2 GHz
c = 3e8 m/s

7.2 Definition of layers and waveports
• Definition of layers
o Same steps as described in 6.1:
▪ Patch and input transmission line (“Unite”)
▪ Substrate
▪ Bottom copper layer
▪ Input waveport
▪ Air box and Boundary Radiation

7.2 Definition of layers and waveports

7.3 Defining Setup, Sweep Setup and plotting S-Parameters

7.4 Representation of the radiation diagram
• Representation of the radiation diagram
o We need to define the spherical coordination to represent the radiation diagram.
▪ Radiation → Right button → Insert Far Field Setup → Infinite Sphere
▪ Parameters:
➢ Phi (Start, Stop y Step size)
➢ Theta (Start, Stop y Step size)

2D
• 2D radiation diagram
o We can select the 2D
representation
▪ Results → Right button →
Create Far Field Report →
Radiation Pattern
▪ Parameters:
➢ Category and Units
➢ Families

2D

3D
• 3D radiation diagram
▪ Results → Right button →
Create Far Field Report →
3D Polar Plot
▪ Parameters:
➢ Category and Units

3D

8. Other utilities of interest
8.1 Edit Menu
• Edit menu on a circuit element
o Properties: Name, material, color, transparency,….
o Arrange: Move, rotate, duplicate, offset (1 element).
o Duplicate: Same as arrange for 2 or more elements.
o Scale: Increase or decrease the size by using a scale factor.
o Boolean: Unit, substract, intersect,…
o Sweep: To convert a 2D element into 3D.

8. Otras utilidades de interés
8.2 Change view
• Design view
• Show/Hide elements

8. Otras utilidades de interés
8.3 Optimetrics section
o It is possible to optimize the
circuit, perform a parametric
study, a sensitivity study,…

Introduction_to_HFSS_MoralesHernandezAitor.pdf

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