Introduction to wind turbine in electrical power system
1. Introduction to Wind Turbines
P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
IIT Delhi
The Ancient Cousin to Modern Kaplan TUrbine….
2. WINDS
WIND ENERGY CLOUDS
HYDRO ENERGY
VEGETATION
CHEMICAL ENERGY
OCEAN
THERMAL
ENERGY
SOLAR
RADIATION
THERMAL WAVE
VELOCITY
RAINS
CO2 + H2O
PHTOSYNTHESIS
SOLAR
ENERGY
INCOMING
RESOURCE
FOSSIL FUEL
COAL
PETROLEUM
NATURAL GAS
FOSSILIZATION
Capital
Resource
3. The Wind Turbine Vs The Kaplan Turbine
• Both are high Specific speed machines.
• Pure axial flow machines.
• Blades with Aerofoil cross-section.
• Regulation through blade rotation.
• The Difference:
• No reservoir in wind energy resource.
• No solid casing to the turbine: An imaginary casing is
developed by a running wind turbine.
• An incompressible low density fluid, however, the flow is
incompressible.
4. Evolution of Wind Turbines
• Wind is a clean, safe, renewable form of energy.
• Although the use of wind power in sailing vessels appeared in
antiquity, the widespread use of wind power for grinding grain
and pumping water was delayed until
– the 7th century in Persia,
– the 12th century in England, and
– the 15th century in Holland.
• 17th century, Leibniz proposed using windmills and waterwheels
together to pump water from mines in the Harz Mountains.
• Dutch settlers brought Dutch mills to America in the 18th century.
• This led to the development of a multiblade wind turbine that was
used to pump water for livestock.
• Wind turbines were used in Denmark in 1890 to generate electric
power.
• Early in the 20th century American farms began to use wind
turbines to drive electricity generators for charging storage
batteries.
5. Introduction
• A wind turbine is a rotating machine which converts the
kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy.
• If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery, such
as a pump or grinding stones, the machine is usually called a
windmill.
• If the mechanical energy is instead converted to electricity, the
machine is called a wind generator, wind turbine, wind power
unit (WPU), wind energy converter (WEC), or aerogenerator.
• Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT)
• Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT)
