An introduction to the concepts and basic principles of TRIZ (TIPS).

1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO TRIZ

2. NEED FOR INNOVATION
• In recent times, it has become apparent that
corporations who seek innovative solutions to
engineering problems are able to maintain a
competitive edge in the world ,market.
• Innovations in existing products and inventions
for new products, that too quickly and with fewer
resources, will help in maintaining a competitive
edge in an era of downsizing.
• Our commitment to continuous improvement
and innovation ensures quality products,
excellent services and satisfies customers.

3. • There are several methods for innovation:
Brainstorming
Synectics
Lateral thinking
Mind mapping
• All these are emotion based.
• Habits, working environment, human nature, internal
process, past failures and past success, constrain our
innovative thinking. This is called ‘Psychological
Inertia’ .

4. INTRODUCTION TO TRIZ
• TRIZ stands for the Russian name ‘Toerija Rezbenija
Izobretatelskih Zadach’.
• The translated meaning is ‘Theory of Inventive
Problem Solving’(TIPS).
• TRIZ originated in former USSR where it was
developed by Genrich Altshuller.
• He studied about 200,000 patents to look for the
basic principles and patterns in the world’s most
innovative patents.

5. • He found that the most innovative patents solved an
inventive problem.
• The collated patent database and subsequent
analysis revealed a natural pattern of innovation that
can help solve similar technological problems.
• He set about extracting, compiling, and organizing
the knowledge of earlier solutions, so that it is easier
for the latter inventors.
• Thus he developed TRIZ (TIPS).

6. DEFINITION OF TRIZ
• TRIZ is a systematic approach to definition and identification
of innovative problems, a set of problem solving tools, and a
vast knowledge database, which can help solve current
technical problems in an innovative way.
• TRIZ is considered an algorithm.
• It is considered an empirical method of innovation, because it
is a step by step process that can lead to innovation.
• This goes contrary to popular opinion, because most feel
innovation is emotionally based.
• Today, the TRIZ software database includes the essence of
over 2,500,000 patents.

7. • TRIZ works to reduce the number of trial and error
iterations by circumventing much of the solution set
thereby getting to the solution quicker.
• TRIZ is the only technology based systematic
methodology that overcomes Psychological Inertia and
produces a large range of solution concepts.
• TRIZ is empirical based and it directs the solution path on
an empirical approach to the problem resolution.
• Here problems may be coded, classified and solved
methodically.

8. FUNDAMENTAL STEPS FOR TRIZ

9. DEFINITIONS
IFR- IDEAL FINAL RESULT
• It is the imagined ultimate solution.
• Create using imagination and not knowledge
IDEALITY
• Ideality= ∑ Benefits
∑Cost +∑ Harm
• It is a metric used to measure progress towards the
IFR.

10. IMPACT OF TRIZ IN AN ORGANIZATION

11. METHODS AND TOOLS OF TRIZ
1. Contradiction matrix
• Contradiction appears while trying to improve one
desirable property another desirable property
deteriorates.
• It defines 39 basic properties and 40 principles for
problem solving containing contradiction in any two
of 39 properties.
• It is put in the form of a 39x39 matrix, with each cell
entry giving the most often used inventive
principles.

12. ATSHULLER’S PARAMETERS
1. Weight of moving object
2. Weight of nonmoving object
3. Length of moving object
4. Length of nonmoving object
5. Area of moving object
6. Area of nonmoving object
7. Volume of moving object
8. Volume of nonmoving object
9. Speed
10. Force
11. Tension, pressure
12. Shape
13. Stability of object
14. Strength
15. Durability of moving object
16. Durability of nonmoving object
17. Temperature
18. Brightness
19. .Energy spent by moving object
20. Energy spent by nonmoving object
21. Power
22. Waste of energy
23. Waste of substance
24. Loss of information
25. Waste of time
26. Amount of substance
27. Reliability
28. Accuracy of measurement
29. Accuracy of manufacturing
30. Harmful factors acting on object
31. Harmful side effects
32. Manufacturability
33. Convenience of use
34. Repairability
35. Adaptability
36. Complexity of device
37. Complexity of control
38. Level of automation
39. Productivity

13. 40 INVENTIVE PRINCIPLES
1. Segmentation
2. Extraction
3. Local quality
4. Asymmetry
5. Combining
6. Universality
7. Nesting
8. Counterweight
9. Prior counter-action
10. Prior action
11. Cushion in advance
12. Equipotentiality
13. Inversion
14. Spheroidality
15. Dynamicity
16. Partial or overdone action
17. Move to new dimension
18. Mechanical vibration
19. Periodic action
20. Rushing through
21. Convert harm to benefit
22. Blessing in Disguise
23.Self-Service
24. Feedback
25.Mediator
26.Copying
27.Substitute throwaway
28.Replace mechanical system
29.Use pneumatic-hydraulic system
30.Flexible shells and thin films
31. Porous materials
32. Color changes
33.Homogeneity
34.Discarding and recovering
35. Parameter changes
36. Phase transitions
37. Thermal expansion
38. Strong oxidants
39. Inert atmosphere
40.Composite materials

15. EXAMPLES OF CONTRADICTION
MATRIX
• In the given example,
when the length
improves, weight of
object deteriorates.
• This can be solved
using any of the 4
inventive principles
given in the cell(
28,29,35 0r 40).

16. PRACTICAL EXAMPLE:
AIR BAG PROBLEM
• Airbags need to inflate before contacting occupants
to prevent forward motion. We would like to inflate
the air bags faster while decreasing the adverse
effects.
Principle 16: Partial or excessive action:
Use a lower powered airbag. By using less power, the
acceleration of the bag is less and injuries will be
reduced.
Use smaller air bags with higher power. These bags will
reach inflation sooner.

17. Principle 21: Rushing through:
Inflate the air bag faster than current practice.
Principle 40: Composite materials:
Air bag material that cant grab skin as it is deployed.
Powerful solutions are the ones that don’t
accept trade off. Compromise when necessary.

18. 2) Level of inventions
• Atshuller found that the patents encompassed a very
broad range from very ordinary to extremely inventive.
He classified them in 5 levels, which he called ‘Level of
inventions’.
• Level 1: Apparent solution
• A simple improvement of a technical system
• Not really innovative.
• Level 2: Minor improvements removing some
contradictions
• Use the 40 principles.

19. • Level 3: Major improvements requiring Su-field
analysis
• Use standard solutions to solve physical
contradictions.
• Level 4: Radical change/ new concept
• A new technology is developed containing a
breakthrough solution that requires knowledge
edge from different fields of science.
• Level 5: Discovery of new phenomena.

20. 3) Law of ideality
• Law of ideality states that any technical system
moves towards ideality, that is, it becomes more
reliable, simple, effective and more ideal.
• Ideality always reflects maximum utilization of
existing resources.
• Atshuller stated that ‘art of inventing is the ability to
remove barriers to ideality in order to qualitatively
improve a technical system’.

21. 4)Patterns in evolution of technological
systems
• Atshuller, while compiling the data for the
contradiction matrix, also found that evolution
of various technical systems was not random
but in fact followed objective laws.
• He found that evolution of any system could
fit into one of the 8 specific patterns.

22. a) Life cycle of birth, growth, maturity and death. Eg:
steam engine and propellers replaced boats with oars.
b) Trend of increasing ideality. Eg: printers with better
resolution and printing speeds
c) Uneven development of subsystems resulting in
contradictions. Eg: powerful aero engines developed
faster that wing design
d) First to match parts and later mismatch parts. Eg:
pocket knife with one blade, then many blades, finally
with scissors, screw drivers, can openers etc.

23. e) Increasing complexity followed by simplicity through
integration. Eg: PCB with lot of components leading to
integrated circuit
f) Transition from macro system to micro system. Eg:
development of micro electronic devices
g) Technology follows increasing dynamism and
controllability. Eg: wooden printer to laser printer
h) Decreasing human involvement with increasing
automation. Eg: all on board control of satellites

24. 5) S field
• A function is the interaction between 2 substances
and a field acting between the 2 substances.
• The S- field (or energy) acts on substance S2 to
improve or modify interaction with the substance S1.
• The 2 substances are known as tool (S1) and object
(S2).
• These are used to produce standard solutions.
• There are 5 classes of standard solutions.

25. • Class 1: build or destroy a S-
field (build useful action
and destroy harmful action)
• Class 2: develop an S-field
• Class 3: transition from a
base system to super
system or subsystem to
micro level
• Class 4: measure or detect
anything within a technical
system
• Class 5: describe how to
introduce substances or
fields into technical system

26. 6) System of systems and resources
• In TRIZ, a system is considered as a “system of
subsystems”, i.e. a hierarchical system consisting of super
system, subsystem and base system.
• Thus all available resources of these 3 systems are taken
as resources of the system.
1. Space resource 6. Substances
2. Time resources 7. Energy and field resources
3. System resources
4. Function resources
5. Information

27. 7) ARIZ (Algorithm for Inventive Problem
Solving)
• It is the centralized analytic tool of TRIZ.
• It is a systematic procedure for identifying solutions,
without apparent contradictions, to the very complex
problems.
• This is achieved by step by step analysis
• ARIZ contains 9 steps:

28. ARIZ ALGORITHM

30. 8) Anticipatory Failure Determination and
Directed Evolution
• Anticipatory Failure Determination(AFD) is a tool for
systematically identifying and eliminating system
failure before these occurs.
• Directed Evolution(DM) allows the designer to
anticipate a future scenario and visualize a future
best selling product and aggressively move into its
implementation.

31. 9) Scientific and technical effects
• Atshuller developed an abstract model of scientific
effects and technical effects, in which an effect is
described as the interaction between two or more
parameters, under certain operating conditions, which
results in a specific level of output parameter.
• Thus a large data base of effects was made.
• It is now easy for inventor to look which basic function( S
field model) he needs and then look into the Effects
Database for possible innovation solution concepts.