Introduction to Psychology

1. INTRODUCTION
TO PSYCHOLOGY
CHEAH WEN KIT
TUTORIAL 1

2. CHEAH WEN KIT
• Bachelor of Psychology (Hons)
• Master of Communication (Integrated Marketing Communication), USM
• Assistant Channel Manager, Astro Warna
• Scriptwriter:
• Oh My English 3 & 4 (Astro TVIQ)
• Supersains (Astro TVIQ)
• Elly & Epit (Astro TVIQ)
• Gadis Semasa Sunsilk (TV3)
• Corporate videos
• Public Relations Executive (ntv7)
• Marketer and Copywriter (F&B)
• Social Media Manager (Radio and Advertising Agency)
• Copywriter (Advertising Agency)

3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
No. Topic TUTORIAL Remarks
1. Psychology 1
2. Biological Psychology 2
3. Sensation and Perception 3
4. Consciousness 3
5. Learning 4
6. Memory 4
7. Thinking, Intelligence, and Language 5
8. Developmental Psychology 5
9. Motivation 6
10. Social Psychology 6
11. Personality 7
12. Psychological Disorders 8

4. INTRODUCTION
What is psychology?
Can you read minds?
Why do we need to study psychology
How does psychology helps us in our
daily lives

5. WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY?
Defined as the scientific study of human and animal behaviour
Behaviour: How people act | How people and animal think and
feel

6. WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY?
Practical application in daily lives
Study how we learn, we form a better habit of ourselves
Study the disorders that one might have
Study the personality of a person
Form a better self

7. GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY
Describe
Describe behaviour
• Making scientific
observation
Explain
Explain behaviour
• Conduct experiments
to determine their
causes
Predict
Predict behaviour
• Deduce when it will
occur again in the
future
Change
Change behaviour
• Transform
inappropriate
behaviour

8. SUBFIELDS OF
PSYCHOLOGY

9. THE EVOLUTION OF PSYCHOLOGY
Since the time of Plato and
Aristotle, people have
wondered about the
processes behind human
behaviour
Although Charles Darwin
(1809 – 1882) was not a
psychologist, he was
responsible for the idea that
human behaviour and
thinking might be a subject
to scientific inquiry

10. THE EVOLUTION OF PSYCHOLOGY
During 1800s scientific research into biology,
chemistry, and physiology was already pursued
However, it was not until 1879 that Wilhem Wundt
founded the first psychology laboratory lab
Psychology as science officially began

11. THE EVOLUTION OF PSYCHOLOGY
Earliest schools of psychology: Structuralism and
Functionalism
Structuralism: Concerned with the sensation and
feelings of perceptual experience
Functionalism: Explore how we learn to function in
the world around us

12. THE EVOLUTION OF PSYCHOLOGY
Sigmund Freud as the well known figure
Developed psychoanalysis concept for treating
people with psychological problems
Interested in the concept of unconsciousness
The objective of psychoanalysis: Brings the
contents of unconscious to our conscious awareness

14. EVOLUTION OF
PSYCHOLOGY

15. MODERN PERSPECTIVE OF PSYCHOLOGY
We don’t really look at only one area
so much
Today, psychologist hardly talk
about the “schools of psychology”
Instead, the six basic perspectives
are discussed

16. MODERN PERSPECTIVE
OF PSYCHOLOGY

17. BASIC PERSPECTIVES
Psychoanalytic
Unconscious mind
Sigmund Freud
Behaviouristic
How behaviours are learned and
reinforced
John Watson and B.F. Skinner
Humanistic
Focus on people’s feelings and
realising human potential
Carl Rogers and Abraham
Maslow

18. BASIC PERSPECTIVES
Cognitive
Thinking, feeling learning,
remembering, making decisions
Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura
Biological
Brains and nervous systems
Evolutionary
Evolutionary origins and mental
processes

19. PSYCHOLOGY AS SCIENCE
Systematic observation and prediction
Predict the phenomena for strengthening of concepts and
theories

20. BASIC METHODS

21. ETHICS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Ethics and
legalities
The case of
Milgram
experiment
The case of
John Watson

22. MILGRAM EXPERIMENT

23. LITTLE ALBERT EXPERIMENT

24. ETHICS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
All participants need to be clearly
informed on the nature of the research
Informed consent should be signed by
the participants
Risk and confidentiality must be
clearly understood by all participants