This document provides an introduction and overview of Islamic ethics. It defines Islamic ethics as a science that seeks to know which actions should be done and which should be avoided for the purpose of practicing virtue and avoiding vice. The scope of Islamic ethics is explained as comprehensive, dealing with relationships between humans and God, between humans, and within oneself. Key characteristics of Islamic ethics are outlined, including having divine pleasure as the main objective in determining right and wrong.
Its about importance and significance of Islamic Civilization, Social and Moral influence of Islamic civilization, Clash of civilization ,causes & influence of Clash of civilization and Causes of Clash of Civilization... A detailed informative PDF from which u can get enough info..
:)
Its about importance and significance of Islamic Civilization, Social and Moral influence of Islamic civilization, Clash of civilization ,causes & influence of Clash of civilization and Causes of Clash of Civilization... A detailed informative PDF from which u can get enough info..
:)
ISLAMIC DIVINE LAW (SHARI’AH)
Structuring the Life of Man by Divine Law
The Five Ruling Values (The Five Ahkam) ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
Mashhad Al-Allaf
What is a Hukm (a legal rule)?
Who is Legally and Morally Obligated (Mu.kal.laf)?
The Nature of Allah's Commands
The Five Categories of Ruling Values:
1. Wajeb or Fardh (Required, Obligatory)
2. Mandoob (Recommended)
3. Mubah (Permitted but Morally Indifferent)
4. Makrooh (Discouraged or Abominable)
5. Haram (Forbidden or Prohibited)
. Introduction of Islam.
Concept of Islam.
Importance of Deen in Human Life.
Difference between Deen and Religion.
Distinctive Aspects of Islam.
Islamic Beliefs & its Impact on Individual & Society and the Fundamental of Islam
Islamic Worships: Spiritual, Moral and Social Impact.
II. Study of Seerah of Prophet Mohammad (PBAH) as Role Model for:- Individual
Diplomat
Educator
Military Strategist
Peace Maker
III. Human Rights & Status of Woman in Islam.
Human Rights and Status of Woman in Islam
Dignity of Men and Women
IV. Islamic Civilization and Culture:
Meanings and the Vital Elements
Role of Civilization in Development of Human Personality and Communities
Distinctions of Islamic Civilization (Tauheed, Spiritualism, Dignity of Man, Equality,
Social Justice, Moral Values, Tolerance, Rule of Law)
V. Islam and World.
Impact of Islamic Civilization on the West and Vice Versa
The Role of Islam in the Modern World.
Muslim World and the Contemporary Challenges.
Rise of Extremism.
VI. Public Administration and Governance in Islam
Concept of Public Administration in Islam
Quranic Guidance on Good Governance
Concept of Governance and its Applications in the light of Quran, Sunnah and Fiqh.
Governance Structure in Islam i.e. (Shura, Legislation, Sources of Islamic Law)
Governance under Pious Khelifat
Particular letters of Hazrat Umar (R.A) and Hazrat Ali (R.A) to different Authority.
Responsibilities of Civil Servants
System of Accountability in Islam
VII. Islamic Code of Life.
Salient Features of Islamic Systems, Social System, Political System, Economic
System, Judicial System, Administrative System,
Procedure of Ijmah and Ijtehad
HUMAN HEART (QALB) IN ISLAMIC ETHICS : A PRESEPECTIVE FROM THE QURAN AND SUNNAHMohammad Manzoor Malik
There is a broad discussion concerning the importance of
the self (QDIDV) in Islamic ethics. This discussion is based
upon the primary sources of Islam, the scripture, and
Sunnah. However, the idea of the human heart (4DOE) is
not so widely discussed, which is considered integral to
the self. This idea needs further exploration concerning
its relationship to ethics. Ethics is an essential part of the
Islamic worldview, and the measure of authentic, ethical
behavior is intentionality which is an attribute of the heart.
The Islamic sources assert that the ethical agent must
SRVVHVVDµVRXQGKHDUW¶WKDWLVIUHHRIYLFHVDQGZKLFK by
belief, ,PDQ, provides strength and motivation for good
actions. Therefore, proper ethical behavior emanates
from the heart. The critical point is that intentionality as
the property of the heart matters in Islamic ethics because
ethical accountability is ultimately before God in Islam.
Therefore, a Muslim is responsible for safeguarding
his heart from temptations and vices. The hearts can
experience sickness and hardness through repeatedly
sinning. Therefore, a Muslim should keep his heart clean
from vices. In ethical decision-making, the heart’s purity
will lead to good actions and better understanding. The
heart has intellectual and cognitive powers that can help
make ethical decisions.
Ihsan for Muslim Professionals Short CourseJunaid Qadir
Ihsan for Muslim Professionals Short Course
by JUNAID QADIR, Information Technology University.
Ramadan 1441, May 2020.
Watch the entire short course at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4AueLFeEG0DAqrRgnZKQR163mvpOOkz-
Purity Of Hearts Dr. Bilal Philips || Australian Islamic Library || www.austr...Muhammad Nabeel Musharraf
This book is a MODIFIED transcript of a lecture delivered at Dar Al Arqam, Singapore. Modifications have been done to make it suitable from readability point of view (as opposed to its original spoken form) and to add clarity in meaning as required. Comments have also been added, as required.
Please inform us of any errors in typing and other relevant aspects.
Jazakallah.
Visit us for a huge collection of Islamic books, multimedia and live TV:
www.australianislamiclibrary.org
www.facebook.com/australianislamiclibrary
Justly Balanced Community: Concept, Principles and Aimsijtsrd
All the teachings which Islam gives and instructs are in full conformity with the human nature. They are applicable in all situations and circumstances. There is no excesses or deficiencies found in them. One who acts according to the teachings of Islam is basically acting according to what nature demands of him. Thus in this way, he is fulfilling the genuine demands of the nature on the one hand, and is simultaneously gaining the pleasure of the Lord of the universe on the other hand. The present paper deals with the explanation of how Islam and its principles steer clear of the extremes in all matters of human life. Many examples have been cited to illustrate how the teachings of Islam are free from all kinds of excesses and deficiencies. Light is also thrown on the importance of justly balanced community; its principles, aims, duties, objectives and purpose. Dr. Burhan Rashid"Justly Balanced Community: Concept, Principles and Aims" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15670.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/15670/justly-balanced-community-concept-principles-and-aims/dr-burhan-rashid
ISLAMIC DIVINE LAW (SHARI’AH)
Structuring the Life of Man by Divine Law
The Five Ruling Values (The Five Ahkam) ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
Mashhad Al-Allaf
What is a Hukm (a legal rule)?
Who is Legally and Morally Obligated (Mu.kal.laf)?
The Nature of Allah's Commands
The Five Categories of Ruling Values:
1. Wajeb or Fardh (Required, Obligatory)
2. Mandoob (Recommended)
3. Mubah (Permitted but Morally Indifferent)
4. Makrooh (Discouraged or Abominable)
5. Haram (Forbidden or Prohibited)
. Introduction of Islam.
Concept of Islam.
Importance of Deen in Human Life.
Difference between Deen and Religion.
Distinctive Aspects of Islam.
Islamic Beliefs & its Impact on Individual & Society and the Fundamental of Islam
Islamic Worships: Spiritual, Moral and Social Impact.
II. Study of Seerah of Prophet Mohammad (PBAH) as Role Model for:- Individual
Diplomat
Educator
Military Strategist
Peace Maker
III. Human Rights & Status of Woman in Islam.
Human Rights and Status of Woman in Islam
Dignity of Men and Women
IV. Islamic Civilization and Culture:
Meanings and the Vital Elements
Role of Civilization in Development of Human Personality and Communities
Distinctions of Islamic Civilization (Tauheed, Spiritualism, Dignity of Man, Equality,
Social Justice, Moral Values, Tolerance, Rule of Law)
V. Islam and World.
Impact of Islamic Civilization on the West and Vice Versa
The Role of Islam in the Modern World.
Muslim World and the Contemporary Challenges.
Rise of Extremism.
VI. Public Administration and Governance in Islam
Concept of Public Administration in Islam
Quranic Guidance on Good Governance
Concept of Governance and its Applications in the light of Quran, Sunnah and Fiqh.
Governance Structure in Islam i.e. (Shura, Legislation, Sources of Islamic Law)
Governance under Pious Khelifat
Particular letters of Hazrat Umar (R.A) and Hazrat Ali (R.A) to different Authority.
Responsibilities of Civil Servants
System of Accountability in Islam
VII. Islamic Code of Life.
Salient Features of Islamic Systems, Social System, Political System, Economic
System, Judicial System, Administrative System,
Procedure of Ijmah and Ijtehad
HUMAN HEART (QALB) IN ISLAMIC ETHICS : A PRESEPECTIVE FROM THE QURAN AND SUNNAHMohammad Manzoor Malik
There is a broad discussion concerning the importance of
the self (QDIDV) in Islamic ethics. This discussion is based
upon the primary sources of Islam, the scripture, and
Sunnah. However, the idea of the human heart (4DOE) is
not so widely discussed, which is considered integral to
the self. This idea needs further exploration concerning
its relationship to ethics. Ethics is an essential part of the
Islamic worldview, and the measure of authentic, ethical
behavior is intentionality which is an attribute of the heart.
The Islamic sources assert that the ethical agent must
SRVVHVVDµVRXQGKHDUW¶WKDWLVIUHHRIYLFHVDQGZKLFK by
belief, ,PDQ, provides strength and motivation for good
actions. Therefore, proper ethical behavior emanates
from the heart. The critical point is that intentionality as
the property of the heart matters in Islamic ethics because
ethical accountability is ultimately before God in Islam.
Therefore, a Muslim is responsible for safeguarding
his heart from temptations and vices. The hearts can
experience sickness and hardness through repeatedly
sinning. Therefore, a Muslim should keep his heart clean
from vices. In ethical decision-making, the heart’s purity
will lead to good actions and better understanding. The
heart has intellectual and cognitive powers that can help
make ethical decisions.
Ihsan for Muslim Professionals Short CourseJunaid Qadir
Ihsan for Muslim Professionals Short Course
by JUNAID QADIR, Information Technology University.
Ramadan 1441, May 2020.
Watch the entire short course at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4AueLFeEG0DAqrRgnZKQR163mvpOOkz-
Purity Of Hearts Dr. Bilal Philips || Australian Islamic Library || www.austr...Muhammad Nabeel Musharraf
This book is a MODIFIED transcript of a lecture delivered at Dar Al Arqam, Singapore. Modifications have been done to make it suitable from readability point of view (as opposed to its original spoken form) and to add clarity in meaning as required. Comments have also been added, as required.
Please inform us of any errors in typing and other relevant aspects.
Jazakallah.
Visit us for a huge collection of Islamic books, multimedia and live TV:
www.australianislamiclibrary.org
www.facebook.com/australianislamiclibrary
Justly Balanced Community: Concept, Principles and Aimsijtsrd
All the teachings which Islam gives and instructs are in full conformity with the human nature. They are applicable in all situations and circumstances. There is no excesses or deficiencies found in them. One who acts according to the teachings of Islam is basically acting according to what nature demands of him. Thus in this way, he is fulfilling the genuine demands of the nature on the one hand, and is simultaneously gaining the pleasure of the Lord of the universe on the other hand. The present paper deals with the explanation of how Islam and its principles steer clear of the extremes in all matters of human life. Many examples have been cited to illustrate how the teachings of Islam are free from all kinds of excesses and deficiencies. Light is also thrown on the importance of justly balanced community; its principles, aims, duties, objectives and purpose. Dr. Burhan Rashid"Justly Balanced Community: Concept, Principles and Aims" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15670.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/15670/justly-balanced-community-concept-principles-and-aims/dr-burhan-rashid
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
1. Introduction to Islamic Ethics
Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences
and Humanities, Riphah International University
Islamabad, Pakistan
Email : life.living@riphah.edu.pk
3. Ethics in Islam :األخالق علم
Ethics in Islam is known as Ilm ul Akhlāq األخالق علم
Definitions of Islamic Ethics By Muslim Scholars
1. Al-Ghazzali (d.1111): “Islamic Ethics or ilm al-akhlaq is a science of virtues and the
way to acquire the wellbeing of the soul, and of identification of vices and the way to
guard the soul against them. Islamic ethics is also a study of certain religious beliefs
and of
rightness or wrongness of actions for the purpose of practice;
and not for the sake of mere knowledge. According to him, the study of akhlaq
includes the study of right actions towards God (i.e. Rights of Allah, sense of
accountability, perfection in all matters),
and the study of right actions towards family members and society (Rights of
individuals). Thus, the scope of akhlaq is very wide”.
4. Cont…
• 2. Al-Farabi (d.950): “Islamic Ethics is a science that studies the state of
human soul. The virtues are good and fair actions while the vices are the
wicked and ugly actions”.
3. Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 1263): “Ethics is a science that seeks to know
which actions should be done and which should be avoided. It is a
practical science; it seeks knowledge for the purpose of practicing it.”
4. The Essence of the Definitions of Different Muslim Philosophers is
that: “Ethics or Ilm al-Akhlaq (as the science of the human soul) defines
the characteristics and qualities of the soul and it also defines the methods
of how to control and moderate them”.
5. Cont…
Thus, the definition of akhlaq is a formation of 3 elements:
1. An innate, inborn trait or characteristic (as human beings are born on
the basis of Allah’s nature as Allah said in Surah Room verse 30:
اَهۡيَلَع َ
اسَّنال َرَطَف ۡىِتَّال ِ ه
ّٰللا َتَرۡطِف
ؕ
ِقَۡـلخِل َلۡيِدۡبَت َ
َل
ُِييََۡال ُۡيِيدال ََِللٰ ِ ه
ّٰللا
ۙ
َثۡكَا َُِّكـلل َو
َن ۡ
ومَلۡعَي َ
َل ِ
اسَّنال َر
….This is the original pattern (nature) belonging to Allah on which He has
originated (nature of) humankind. No change can there be in Allah’s
creation. This is the upright, ever-true Religion, but most of the people
do not know.”
6. Cont…
2. Akhlaq developed through training or discipline as in Surah Tahrim, verse 6:
اًَارن ُْيكِلْهَأ َو ُْكَسنفَأ واق وانَمآ َُِيذَّلا اَهُّيَأ اَي
“O believers! Guard yourselves and your families from the Fire…”
ي َو ِهِناَري ِ
َصني َو ِهِناَد يِوَهي اه َوَبَأَف ِةَرْطِفْال ىَلَع دَلوي ََّلِإ ٍدول ْوَم ُِْم اَم
ِهِناَسيَِِّم
“There is none born but is created to his true nature (Islam). It is his parents who make him a
Jew or a Christian or a Magian…..” (Sahih Muslim Hadith no. 2658b)
7. Cont…
ٍَُسَح ٍبَدَأ ُِْم َلَضْفَأ ٍلَْحن ُِْم ًادَل َو ٌدِلا َو َلَحَن اَم
"There is no gift that a father gives his son more virtuous than good manners.“ (Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1952)
• 3. Finally Akhlaq as a custom or a habit, covering the inner and outer dimension of a person as in Surah
Al-Qalam verse 4:
ٍُيِظَع ٍقلخ لىَعَل َََّنِإَو
“And You (Muhammad) are on an exalted standard of character”.
8. The Scope of Islamic Ethics
It is plentiful, far reaching and comprehensive because Islamic ethics deals with the relationship between
Allah and man, man and his fellow men, men and other creatures of the universe, and man with his
innermost self.
َسَِّْال َدَسَف ْتَدَسَف اَِٰإ َو ،هُّلك دَسَِّْال َحَلَص ْتَحَلَص اَِٰإ ًةَغْضم ِدَسَِّْال يِف َّنِإ َو ََلَأ
هُّلك د
.
بْلََْال َيِه َو ََلَأ
"
Beware! There is a piece of flesh in the body if it becomes good (reformed) the whole body becomes good but
if it gets spoilt the whole body gets spoilt and that is the heart..”
[Sahih Bukhari, Hadith no.52]
9. Cont…
• Therefore, Islamic Ethics on the whole, deals with the study of :-
* Promoting Virtues,
* Protecting from Vices,
* Purification of Man’s Soul or Man’s Inward Dimension (Developing Akhlaq Hasanah, Avoiding Akhlaq Sayy’iah
& Mindfulness of Allah)
* Man’s Outward Dimension, his Characters, Actions and Responsibilities (Observing Islamic Laws and Boundaries)
* Happiness and Misery (Unwavering Trust in Allah’s Plans.
Surah Zumar Verse 53: ِ َّ
ّٰللا ِةَمْحَر ُِْم واَطنََْت َ
َل “...Do not despair of the mercy of Allah.”
AND Surah Ibrahim, verse 7: ۖ ُْكَّنَدي ِ
زَ َ
َل ُْت ْرَكَش ُِئَل “...If you are grateful, I will surely increase you [in favour]” )
10. The Scope of Islamic Ethics
1. How al-Qur’an and the Prophetic traditions expounds ethics?
2. What is the best model of values and norms?
3. What is right and What is wrong in its essence?
4. What is rewarded and punishable by Allah?
5. Is ethics related to Deen (faith)?
6. What are the issues related to ethics?
11. Characteristics of Islamic Ethics:
1. Setting Divine Pleasure as the Main Objective
* It is the highest possible standard of morality. (Acknowledging one’s Creator means realizing one’s own
origin & position in the world. That’s how, a person knows his/her purpose and mission in the world (being
representative of Allah as mentioned in Surah Baqarah, verse 30: يِينِإ
ٌلِعاَج
يِف
ِ
ض ْرَ ْ
اَل
ًةَفيِلَخ “Indeed, I am
about to create a vicegerent on earth…” ). That’s when, he/she is able to determine the criterion of right &
wrong in the light of Divine Guidance. First of all, a person needs to be Obedient, Grateful & Mindful of
Him, to Remember Him and show Him Acknowledgement & then to Others)
َانۡدِهَش ۚۛ ىللَب ا ۡ
والَق ُۡكِيب َرِب تۡسَلَا
“And when your Lord brought forth descendants from the loins of the sons of Adam, and made them witnesses
against their own selves, asking them: 'Am I not your Lord?' They said: 'Yes, we do testify.' We did so lest
you claim on the Day of Resurrection: 'We were unaware of this.' (Surah Al-A'raf, verse 172)
ُِي ِ
رَكْال ََِيب َرِب َكََّرغ اَم انَسنِ ْ
اْل اَهُّيَأ اَي
“ 0 man! What has deceived you about your Gracious Lord” (Surah Al-Infitar, verse 6)
12. Cont…
• It provides a sanction for morality and determines a Muslim’s attitude. The love and fear of God will
develop a sense of obligation, sincerity & responsibility in a person to obey the moral law even
without external pressure e.g. saying thanks, showing random kindness, granting forgiveness &
asking for forgiveness.
"
ِ
رَكْنمْال َُِع ََيْهَن َو ِوفرْعَمْالِب َكرْمَأ َو ٌةَقَدَص َََل ََي ِخَأ ِهْج َو يِف ََمُّسَبَت
َّالر َكَادش ْرِإ َو ٌةَقَدَص
ٌةَقَدَص َََل ِلَالَّضال ِ
ض ْرَأ يِف َلج
َعْال َو َةَك ْوَّشال َو َرََِّحْال ََتَطاَمِإ َو ٌةَقَدَص َََل ِ
رَصَبْال ِِيءدَّالر ِلجَّلرِل َكرَصَب َو
َََل ِقي ِ
رَّالط َُِع َُْظ
ْلَد يِف َكِوْلَد ُِْم ََاغ َرْفِإ َو ٌةَقَدَص
ََي ِخَأ ِو
ٌةَقَدَص َََل
“Your smiling in the face of your brother is charity, commanding good and forbidding evil is charity,
your giving directions to a man lost in the land is charity for you. Your seeing for a man with bad
sight is a charity for you, your removal of a rock, a thorn or a bone from the road is charity for you.
Your pouring what remains from your bucket into the bucket of your brother is charity for you”.
(Jami Tirmidhi, Hadith no.1956).
13. Cont..
• Making Divine Revelation (Qur’an & Hadith) as the primary source of knowledge gives
stability to the moral standards as Qur’an is the Book of Principles which encapsulates
numerous Ethical Values & Hadith provides Elaboration of Qur’anic Injunctions and
Practical Demonstration of those Ethical Values by the Personality of the Prophet
Muhammad peace be upon him as stated in Surah Ahzab, verse 21:
ٌَةنَسَح ٌة َوْسأ ِ َّ
ّٰللا ِلوس َر يِف ُْكَل َانَك ْدَََل
“Surely, in (the life of ) the Messenger of Allah, there is an excellent role-model for you}).
14. 2. Universal and Comprehensive Application of the Moral Principles of Islam
* Islam takes up all the commonly known moral virtues with a sense of balance
Examples of Balance:
i) Co-existence, tolerance, patience & freedom of religious beliefs and
practices for non-muslim community.
ْدَع َ ي
ّٰللا ْاُّوبسَيَف ِ ي
ّٰللا ِوند ُِم َونعْدَي َُِيذَّال ْاُّوبسَت ََل َو
ٍُْلِع ِ
ْريَغِب ا ًو
“And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah , lest they insult
Allah in enmity without knowledge…..” (Surah An’am verse 106)
15. Cont…
• ii) In Islam, nature has its own order and functions (fitrah) that work naturally within ecosystems
wherein the components are mutually dependent on each other. Any single disturbance will
affect the balance (mizan) of the greater system and cause harm (fasad) to at least one or more
components. To sustain the balance is a core principle of Islamic worldviews, which is to
preserve and sustain the wellbeing of nature and to bring peace to its inhabitants.
(Environmental Ethics in Islam)
https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/10.1142/9781783267507_0008
iii) Deforestation or illegal hunting & trafficking of wild animals, throwing waste in seas &
rivers disturb the natural system.
ُِْيكدْيَأ ْتَبَسَك اَمِبَف ٍةَبي ِ
صُّم ُِيم ُكَباَصَأ اَم َو
“And whenever a disaster strikes you, it is due to what your hands have earned (what you have
done).” (Verse 30 of Surah Ash-Shura)
16. Cont…
• iii) Deforestation or illegal hunting & trafficking of wild animals, throwing waste in seas & rivers
disturb the natural system.
ُِْيكدْيَأ ْتَبَسَك اَمِبَف ٍةَبي ِ
صُّم ُِيم ُكَباَصَأ اَم َو
“And whenever a disaster strikes you, it is due to what your hands have earned (what you have
done).” (Verse 30 of Surah Ash-Shura)
• iv) Only peaceful & docile animals are allowed to eat as it has impact on human nature while meat
of beasts & birds of prey is not allowed as they are wild and ferocious. Surah Nahl verse 5:
“And He created the cattle for you as a source of warmth, food, and ˹many other˺ benefits.”
v) Cattle, poultry are overpopulated while reproduction of wild animals are not very swift..
Also they are the beauty of nature.
17. Cont…
• Islam widens this scope of application to cover every aspect of man’s individual and
collective life e.g. in family, in society, at workplace, as a senior, as a junior etc.
* Morality reigns and ensures that the affairs of life, instead of being dominated by
selfish desires should be regulated by the norms of morality.
ٍ
ضۡعَب ءٓاَيِل ۡ
وَا ُۡهضۡعَب تلنِم ۡ
ؤمۡال َو َن ۡ
ونِم ۡ
ؤمۡال َو
“The believers, male and female, are friends to each other…..”
(Surah Tawbah, verse 71)
18. Cont…
• ِهِسْفَنِل ُّب ِحُي اَم ِهي ِخَأل َّب ِحُي ىَّتَح ْمُكُدَحَأ ُنِمْؤُي ال
“None of you will have faith till he wishes for his (Muslim) brother what he likes for himself.“ (Sahih
al-Bukhari Hadith no.13)
ِم َىكَتْشا اَذِإ ِدَسَجْلا ُلَثَم ْمِهِفُطاَعَتَو ْمِهِمُحاَرَتَو ْمِهِادَوَت يِف َينِنِمْؤُمْلا ُلَثَم
َل َىعَادَت ٌوْضُع ُهْن
ىَّمُحْلاَو ِ
رَهَّسالِب ِدَسَجْلا ُرِئاَس ُه
“The similitude of believers in regard to mutual love, affection, fellow-feeling is that of one body;
when any limb of it aches, the whole body aches, because of sleeplessness and fever.”
(Sahih Muslim Hadith no.2586a)
19. Cont….
• Qur’anic message of ethics is universal so Prophetic teachings & Uswah (role-model/practical demonstration) is also universal.
* Islam was not product of Makkah & Madinah. Islam came to Islamized the World, Not to Arabized everyone. Islam emerged
from Arabia as it was revealed to the Prophet who belonged to Arabia, however, it’s not an Arab religion or the religion of Desert.
It’s Values are Not Arab, Asian, African or European rather they are universal.
Examples
* Universe itself is Muslim. It doesn’t go against the command of Allah.
• Surah al-Baqarah, verse 164: “Surely in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of the night and the day-
time, and the ships that run in the sea with whatever profits mankind, and whatever water Allah sends down from the heaven - so
therewith He gives life to the earth after its death and disseminates therein all kinds of beast - and the (constant) turning about of
the winds, and the clouds subjected between the heaven and the earth, (these) are indeed signs for people who consider.”
20. Cont…
• So universe gives us Examples of routine and regularity and submission to Allah.
* There should not be contradiction/hypocrisy in our responses, behaviour & actions. Our
ethical values should be same in home & society, with superior & junior, on national &
international level.
* Islam is universal as Allah is not confined to prayer-mat, mosque & the month of Ramadan.
(Islam=10% Worships & 90% Dealings).
* Limits & boundaries are to be followed by everyone whether in East or West.
* A Muslim’s attitude wellbeing & benefit of mankind e.g. no harmful experiments, making
deadliest weapons, biohazard waste, throwing nuclear discharge & chemicals to seas etc.
* A Muslim’s attitude Beneficious attitude towards environment e.g. no deforestation,
destroying inhabitants of wild animals, several kinds of pollution (land, air & water) which leads
towards global warming and ozone-layer destruction.
21. • 3. Islamic Ethics Shapes a System of Life for Man which is based on Good and Free form
Evil
It invokes people not only to practice virtue but also to establish virtue and eradicate vice, bid
good and forbid wrong. ( Medical Ethics an Islamic Perspective, Dr Muhammad Iqbal Khan, IPS Press, p xx, xxi.)
* Marriage: An institution to legalize one’s desires, guard one's chastity & preservation of
mankind.
* Consent in Marriage: Willingness from both bride & groom without forcing anyone of them.
* Prohibition of Triple Divorce in One Session: In order to obstruct the way of any
unpleasant consequences like broken family without the chance of reconciliation, Halalah,
psychological issues among children.
Khula’: A right & authority in the hand of women when there is No chance of peacemaking.
* Polygamy: To provide protection and dignity to the orphan girls, unmarried women, widows
& divorcees (women outnumber men in many societies).
24. Universal Values
• The Quranic sociology does not accept local, tribal, regional or territorial
origin of ethical values.
• Ethical values in Islam are Universal, Absolute and Divine; they are not
Relative, Particular, Temporal, Intuitive, Mystical or Personal.
25. Ethics in the Islamic Context
• Ethics, in the Islamic context, means principled human action, motivated
and guided by the Divine Guidance (hidayah, wahi) and the model
behavior of the Final Prophet (pbuh).
• Human actions are not supposed to be meaningless (‘abath), but based on
good (ma’ruf), virtue (birr), and permissible (halal) therefore essentially
ethical. If otherwise, such actions will fall in the category of negative and
bad (munkar), sinful (sa’iyah), undesirable (makruh) and prohibited
(haram).
26. References
-Understanding Islamic Ethics and Its Significance on the
Character Building by Adibah Binti Abdul Rahim, International Journal of Social Science and
Humanity, Vol. 3, No. 6, November 2013, pp.508-510.
-A Global Ethics for a Globalized World Author(s): Anis Ahmad Source: Policy Perspectives , 2013,
Vol. 10, No. 1 (2013), pp. 63-77 Published by: Pluto Journals Stable URL:
https://www.jstor.org/stable/42909298