Introduction to Computer Lesson 4
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Introduction to Computer Lesson 4
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Introduction to Computer Lesson 4
- 1. By: Vhonz Sugatan POWER School
- 2. Last week…
- 3. System Case
- 5. System Case Tower Case Types of Computer
- 6. System Case Tower Case Types of Computer Computer History
- 8. Mechanical Age 1450 - 1840
- 9. Mechanical Age 1450 - 1840 1st Information Explosion
- 10. Mechanical Age Movable Metal Type Printing Process
- 12. Mechanical Age Johann Gutenberg Mainz, Germany
- 15. Mechanical Age John Napier Merchiston, Scotland
- 17. Mechanical Age 1st Mechanical Calculator Wilhelm Shickard
- 19. Mechanical Age Slide Rule William Ougtred
- 23. Mechanical Age Stepped Reckoner Gottfried Leibniz
- 25. Mechanical Age Arithmometer Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar
- 27. Mechanical Age Difference Engine Charles Babbage
- 30. Mechanical Age Ada Augusta Lovelace 1st Programmer
- 32. Electro-Mechanical Age 1840 - 1940
- 33. Electro-Mechanical Age 1840 - 1940 Beginnings of Telecommunication
- 34. Electro-Mechanical Age 1840 - 1940 Beginnings of Telecommunication Electro-mechanical Computing
- 39. Electro-Mechanical Age “What hath God Wrought” Telegraph
- 43. Electro-Mechanical Age Telephone “Watson, come here, I want you”
- 45. Electro-Mechanical Age Boolean Algebra AND GATE A B C
- 46. Electro-Mechanical Age Boolean Algebra AND GATE A B C George Boole
- 48. Electro-Mechanical Age Tabulating Machine Pehr & Edvard Scheutz
- 54. Electro-Mechanical Age Herman Hollerith Tabulating Machine Company
- 55. Electro-Mechanical Age Herman Hollerith Computer Tabulating Recording Company
- 56. Electro-Mechanical Age International Business Machines Corporation
- 57. Electro-Mechanical Age International Business Machines Corporation
- 61. Electro-Mechanical Age Vacuum Tubes Dr. Lee De Forest
- 62. Electronic Age 1941 - Present
- 65. Electronic Age Z-3 May 12, 1941
- 67. Electronic Age Mark-I “The 1st Stored Program Computer”
- 68. Electronic Age Mark-I 8 Feet Tall
- 70. Electronic Age Mark-I 2 Feet Thick
- 73. Electronic Age Mark-I 500 Miles of Wires
- 74. Electronic Age Mark-I 3 – 5 Second per Calculation
- 76. Electronic Age ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator & Computer
- 77. Electronic Age ENIAC 17,468 Vacuum Tubes
- 78. Electronic Age ENIAC 7,200 Crystal Diodes
- 82. Electronic Age ENIAC 5 million hand soldered joints
- 84. Electronic Age ENIAC 680 Square Feet
- 85. Electronic Age ENIAC 150 kW of power
- 88. Electronic Age UNIVAC-I J. Presper Eckert
- 90. Electronic Age UNIVAC-I 5,200 Vacuum Tubes
- 96. Electronic Age EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
- 98. Electronic Age ABC Atanasoff – Berry Computer
- 100. Electronic Age ABC Computer Clifford Berry
- 104. First Generation
- 105. First Generation 1951 - 1958
- 106. First Generation 1951 - 1958 Vacuum Tubes
- 107. First Generation 1951 - 1958 Punch Cards
- 108. First Generation 1951 - 1958 Rotating Magnetic Drums
- 109. First Generation 1951 - 1958 Rotating Magnetic Drums Machine Language
- 110. First Generation 1951 - 1958 Rotating Magnetic Drums Assembly Language
- 111. First Generation 1951 - 1958 Rotating Magnetic Drums Compiler
- 112. First Generation 1951 - 1958 MARK-I
- 113. First Generation 1951 - 1958 ENIAC
- 114. First Generation 1951 - 1958 UNIVAC - I
- 115. First Generation 1951 - 1958 EDVAC
- 116. Second Generation
- 117. Second Generation 1959 - 1963
- 118. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Transistor
- 119. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Transistor John Barden
- 120. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Transistor Walter Brattain
- 121. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Transistor William Shockley
- 122. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Magnetic Tapes
- 123. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Magnetic Tapes
- 124. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Magnetic Cores
- 125. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Magnetic Cores FORTAN
- 126. Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Magnetic Cores COBOL
- 127. PDP - 8 Second Generation 1959 - 1963
- 128. PDP - 8 Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Ken Olsen
- 129. BASIC Second Generation 1959 - 1963
- 130. BASIC Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
- 131. BASIC Second Generation 1959 - 1963 Thomas Kurtz
- 132. BASIC Second Generation 1959 - 1963 John Kemeny
- 133. Third Generation
- 134. Third Generation 1963 - 1974
- 135. Third Generation 1963 - 1974 Integrated Circuit
- 136. Third Generation 1963 - 1974 Integrated Circuit Jack S. Kilby
- 137. Third Generation 1963- 1974 Magnetic Tapes
- 138. Third Generation 1963 - 1974 MOS
- 139. Third Generation Intel 1963 - 1974
- 140. Third Generation INTEL Robert Noyce 1963 - 1974
- 141. Third Generation ARPANET 1963 - 1974
- 142. Third Generation ARPANET Advance Research Project Agency Network 1963 - 1974
- 143. Third Generation C Language 1963 - 1974
- 144. Third Generation C Language Brian Kernighan 1963 - 1974
- 145. Third Generation C Language Dennis Ritchie 1963 - 1974
- 146. Fourth Generation
- 147. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present
- 148. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present CPU
- 149. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Altair 8080
- 150. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Altair 8080 MITS
- 151. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Apple Inc.
- 152. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Apple Inc. Steve Wozniak
- 153. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Apple Inc. Steve Jobs
- 154. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Microsoft
- 155. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Microsoft Paul Allen
- 156. Fourth Generation 1979 - Present Microsoft Bill Gates
Editor's Notes
- We discuss the different types of system hardware. Like (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
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- Computer History during pre-mechanical age. Now guys let’s continue the topic of . (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The mechanical aged of computer starts when the pre-mechanical age ends. The time era of mechanical start at the year (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- This period is also known as (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 1st Information Explosion The notable invention or creation during this time are: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Movable Metal Type Printing Process was invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Johann Gutenberg of (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Mainz, Germany During 1450. Life span 1387 – 1468 – Used for printing books Next is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Logarithms, was introduced by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- John Napier, Baron of (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Merchiston, Scotland, Invents 1614. Logs allow multiplication and subtraction (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Wilhelm Shickard in 1623 A professor at the University of Tubingen, Germany it can work up to six digits numbers (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Invented by: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- William Ougtred in the year 1625 (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- A French mathematician in 1642. The Pascaline was made out of clock gear and levers. It could solve basic mathematical problems. Like addition and subtraction. The programming Turbo Pascal is named in his honor (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Stepped Reckoner is a machine that could multiply 5 digits up to 12 digits number. Invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- A German mathematician. he’s name is Gottfried Leibnz in the year 1671. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Invented in the year 1820. This device performed the same type of computations As Leibniz’s Stepped Reckoner, but more reliable. This machine were used in banks, accounting offices & store. Arithmometer was invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar in France. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The 1st modern computer design. A steam powered adding machine. Invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Charles Babbage in 1821. Babbage understood that long math problems were just repetitive operations. That’s why Babbage made a machine to automatically solve math problems. In 1823 Babbage also invented the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Analytical Engine was a mechanical adding machine. That took information from punched cards to solve And print complex mathematical operation. Babbage’s difference engine and the analytical engine are regarded as the first “thinking machines”. The Difference and Analytical Engine were easy to operate and produced solutions at the turn of a hand crank. Babbage’s inventions earned him the title, “Father of Computer” (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- She write the 1st program for Babbage difference engine in year 1842. Ada was credited as the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Ada programming language was named in her honor. Question guys? Now let moved to the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The electro-mechanical age start in the year (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The discovery of ways to harness electricity was the key advance made in this period. Knowledge & information could now be converted into electrical impulses. Also in this period starts the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- When we say telecommunication, It is a communication at a distance Thru the used of communication device. 1st on our list is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- When we say telecommunication, It is a communication at a distance Thru the used of communication device. 1st on our list is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Voltaic battery is the 1st electric battery. Invented in 1880. voltaic battery consisted Of alternating discs of zinc and copper or silver. It was invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- He provided, for the 1st time. A simple source of stored electricity energy. That didn’t rely on mechanical means. Next is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- An apparatus for communication at a distance by coded signals. Telegraph was invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Samuel F.B. Morse in 1832. and constructed an experimental version in 1835. He did not construct a truly practical system until 1844, when he built a line from Baltimore to Washington The 1st message sent using a telegraph. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- An old English message Meaning what have god work from Baltimore to Washington in 1844. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Invented by: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- In 1876. His invention was introduced on a large scale at Philadelphia Centennial Exposition in 1877. The 1st message of Graham Bell was (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- In 1894, an Italian named Guglielmo Marconi, Discovered that electrical waves travel through space, And can produce an effects far from the point. At which they originated. This is the start of development of (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The 1st radio was introduce in the year 1903. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- A Binary Algebra. This became an important in the 20th century binary computers were developed. The boolean Algebra was develop by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Now let’s go to Electro-mechanical Computing (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Tabulating Machine of (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- complete their Tabulating Machine, in the 1853 capable of processing fifteen-digit numbers, printing out results. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Develop in 1885 by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Comptometer is a key driven adding and subtracting calculator. In 1889 Felt’s innovate his comptometer And called it (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- It contains a built in printer. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- In 1890, the 1st person to successfully used punched cards, specially for census taking was (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Hollerith’s successful use of punched cards in gathering and storing information made him the father of information processing. Hollerith later went on to found the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Which later became the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Hollerith retired in 1921, but his company went on And became the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- We know it today as (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Next is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The 1st efficient four-function calculator. Invented by a Swiss engineer named (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Invented in the year 1893. With the ground work laid by people such as Pascal, Babbage, & Hollerith. Innovators began working toward modern computer. It was during the early 20th century that computers Changed from mechanical calculation machines to electronic computer. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- in 1906, Vacuum tubes was developed. This was important because it provide an electrically controlled switch; a necessity for digital electronic computers Vacuum Tubes look similar to light bulbs Vacuum Tubes were the first major electrical part of a computer Vacuum Tubes marked the end of mechanical computing and the beginning of electronics in computers. It was developed by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- now, let go to the last era of computer. This is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- In 1941, (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Konrard Zuse built the 1st programmable computer called (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Z-3 was the 1st computer design to solve complex engineering equations, rather than basic arithmetic problems. Z3 was the first fully functional, program controlled (freely programmable) computer of the world. Z3 was presented on. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- May 12, 1941 in Berlin. In 1942, a Ph.D. student at Harvard University built the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Mark I Computer. Mark I is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The 1st Stored Program Computer the Mark I computer is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 2 feet thick, weighed (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Used about (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 750,000 parts, used (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 500 miles of wires and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 3 – 5 seconds calculation. That is the Mark I Computer. Invented by Howard Aiken Next is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- ENIAC, short for (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer the first general-purpose electronic computer. It was a Turing-complete, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems. ENIAC was designed and built to calculate artillery firing tables for the U.S. Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory. ENIAC contain (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 17,468 Vacuum Tubes (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 7,200 Crystal Diodes (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 1,500 Relays (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 70,000 Resistors (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 10,000 capacitor, and around (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 5 million hand-soldered joints. It weighed (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 30 tons took up (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 680 Square Feet And consume (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 150 kW of power On its test run in February of 1946, the ENIAC took only two hours to solve a nuclear physics problem that would previously have required 100 years of calculation by a physicist. Next is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- UNIVAC –I or (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- UNIVersal Automatic Computer I the first commercial computer produced in the United States. It was designed principally by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- J. Presper Eckert and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- John Mauchly. The inventors of ENIAC. The UNIVAC contains (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 5,200 Vacuum Tubes Weighed (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 29,000 pounds or 13 tons It consumed (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 125 kW of power. and could perform about (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 1,905 operations per second The complete system occupied more than (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 35.5 m² of floor space. Next is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- EDVAC or (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer. one of the earliest electronic computers. Unlike its predecessor the ENIAC, it was binary rather than decimal, and was a stored program machine. The full complement of operating personnel was thirty people for each eight-hour shift. In 1942 guys (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Atanasoff – Berry Computer was introduced. was the first computer to use electricity in the form of vacuum tubes. The ABC was used for complex systems of equation. It was developed by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- John Atanasoff and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Clifford Berry That is the four (4) eras of computer. Any questions guys? Now let’s move to (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- That will be our topic for next week. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- We have different generations of digital computing Actually four (4) generations. In the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The time frame are (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- How can we say that the computer is a 1st generation digital computer? Well the 1st generation of digital computer are used the following (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Vacuum Tubes As their main logic elements. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Punch Cards To input and externally store data. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- For internal storage of data and programs And the program written in (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Machine Language and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Assembly Language and it requires a (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Compiler – is a software that converts a set of high level language to low level. representation or vice versa. That a human can fully understood. The example of 1st generation digital computers are: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Mark I (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- ENIAC (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- UNIVAC – I and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- EDVAC (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The 2nd generation of computer started in the year (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The changes in this generation is the used of vacuum tubes to (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- As the main logic elements. Invented by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- John Barden (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Walter Brattain and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- William Shockley (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Magnetic tapes and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Disk began to replace the punch cards as external storage device. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- very small donut-shaped magnets. strung on wire within the computer. became the primary internal storage technology. They also used a high level programming languages likes (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- FORTAN and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- COBOL or Common Business Oriented Language. The following are examples of computers from 2nd generation. (CLICK THE PICTURE TO STOP)
- The first successful commercial minicomputer, produced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in the 1960s. DEC introduced it on 22 March 1965, and sold more than 50,000 systems, the most of any computer up to that date It was the first widely sold computer in the DEC PDP series of computers It was design by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Ken Olsen (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Or the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Developed by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Thomas Kurtz and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- John Kemeny of Dartmouth College in 1965. Next is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Individual Transistors were replaced by Integrated Circuits (I.C.). In 1959 electrical engineer (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Jack S. Kilby invented the monolithic IC, which is widely used in electronic systems. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Magnetic tape and disk completely replace punch cards as external devices. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Magnetic core memories began to give way to a new form, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) memory, which like integrated circuits, used silicon-backed chips. The highlights of 3rd generation are follows: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Intel was founded by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Robert Noyce (one of the inventors of the integrated circuit) the world leader in silicon innovation, develops processor technologies. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Arpanet later on become the Internet (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The C programming language is developed at AT&T Bell Labs by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Brian Kernighan and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Dennis Ritchie. Lastly the 4th generation computer (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The notable here are the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- A microprocessor is an integrated circuit built on a tiny piece of silicon. It contains thousand, or even millions, of transistors, which are interconnected via superfine traces of aluminum The particular functions a microprocessor performs are dedicated by software. Intel’s first microprocessor was the 4004. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The 1st micro computers in the history. Produced by Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry System or (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Founded by: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Steve Wozniak and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Stve Jobs. Apple Computer Inc., is an American multinational corporation which designs and manufactures consumer electronics and software products. The company's best-known hardware products include Macintosh computers, the iPod and the iPhone. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Founded by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Paul Allen and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Bill Gates in Albuquerque, Mexico The Microsoft is the leading software manufacturing company. And the others as they say The rest is history. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)