1. Communication involves encoding ideas into symbols for transmission from a source to a receiver through a channel. 2. The receiver decodes the message and can provide feedback to evaluate the effectiveness of the communication. 3. Key aspects of communication models include the source, message, channel, receiver, encoding, decoding, and feedback.

1. Ongoing process
Uses symbols
Meaning

2. Verbal communication
Non- verbal communication

3. Improve talking skill
Realization of everyday life

4. ARISTOTLEAN
MODEL
SHAHNON-WEAVER
MODEL

5. SPEAKER
MESSAGE
LISTENER

6. INFORMATION SOURCE
TRANSMITTER
(ENCODER)
NOISE
CHANNEL
RECEIVER
(DECODER)
DESTINATION

7. Berlo’s Model

8.  Also
known as SMCR
model. Source, Message, Channel,
and Receiver.
 This
model think that communication is a
static phenomenon. There is no feedback.

9. Criticism of Berlo’s Model of Communication:
No feedback / don’t know about the effect
 Does not mention barriers to communication
 No room for noise
 Complex model
 It is a linear model of communication
 Needs people to be on same level for
communication to occur but not true in real life
 Main drawback of the model is that the model
omits the usage of sixth sense as a channel
which is actually a gift to the human beings
(thinking, understanding, analyzing etc).


10. The Schramm Model (1954)

11. The Schramm Model

Encoder – Who does encoding or Sends the
message (message originates)

Decoder – Who receives the message

Interpreter – Person trying to understand
(analyses, perceive) or interpret

12. 







Advantage of Schramm model of communication
Dynamic model- Shows how a situation can change
It shows why redundancy is an essential part
There is no separate sender and receiver, sender and
receiver is the same person
Assume communication to be circular in nature
Feedback – central feature.
Disadvantage of Schramm model of communication
This model does not talk about semantic noise and it
assume the moment of encoding and decoding.

13. STEP 1
Sender has an
idea or
information to
share
STEP 2
Sender
encodes
idea in a form
that will carry
it to the
receiver
Feedback also needs to be encoded,
transmitted and decoded
STEP 6
Receiver sends
feedback
STEP 3
Sender
transmits the
message
Channel
STEP 4
Receiver gets
the message
STEP 5
Receiver
decodes the
mesage

14. 1.
2.
Ideas & encoding
Communication source and
receiver
3.
Communication channel
4.
5.
Decoding
Message feedback
Ideas &
encoding

15. 
Ideas & encoding
Process
& transform INFO
verbal, non-verbal or visual
symbols
-
Transformation of ideas into symbols =
ENCODING

16. interaction
 SOURCE
RECEIVER
 SOURCE
is the originator & transmitter of
the message
 RECEIVER
is the recipient of the message or
the destination point

17.  CHANNEL
is the medium that carries
message within & between people
HUMAN
Thoughts
• Verbal
Communication
Non-verbal behavior
•
•
• Involves face-to-face
interaction
• Good for training,
problem-solving,
decision-making,
persuading,
working collaboratively
in group work
TECHNOLOGY
• radio,
telephone,fax,
video, e-mail
• Convenient when
faced with time
and geographical
constraints
• channel chosen will
depend
on speed, cost,
message complexity,
reasons & receiver

18.  conducted
by receiver
 stimulus sent to the brain for interpreting
 interpret the symbols sent by sender
 decode the message upon various factors

19.  response
or reaction of the receiver
 form of feedback ( verbal or non-verbal )
 to evaluate the effectiveness of the message
 feedback may be positive or negative