Low-level languages like machine language and assembly language use binary digits (0s and 1s) that computers can directly understand, while high-level languages like C, Fortran, and Pascal use symbols and words to simplify programming for humans. High-level languages require translators like compilers and interpreters to convert programs into machine-readable binary code. C was originally developed in the early 1970s and became widely popular for writing operating systems like UNIX and languages like PHP and programs like Linux. It has a character set that includes letters, digits, and symbols with ASCII values.

1. Introduction of
c language –
PART -1
Mrs. Teena Bosamiya
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2. Introduction
of computer
languages
Low Level Language
Machine
Language
Assembly
Language
High Level Language
C Language
Fortran
Language
Pascal
Language
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3. Low level languages are the machine codes in which the instructions are given in machine
language in the form of 0 and 1 to a Computer system.
There are various programs and applications written in low level languages that are directly
executable without any interpretation or translation. The most famous and the base of all
programming languages “C” and “C++” are mostly used Low level languages till today. Low
level language is also divided into two parts are Machine language and Assembly language.
Machine Language is one of the low-level programming languages which is the first generation language
developed for communicating with a Computer. It is written in machine code which represents 0 and 1 binary
digits inside the Computer string which makes it easy to understand and perform the operations. As we know a
Computer system can recognize electric signals so here 0 stands for turning off electric pulse and 1 stands for
turning on electric pulse. It is very easy to understand by the Computer and also increases the processing speed.
Assembly Language is the second generation programming language.The programs that have been written
using words, names and symbols in assembly language are converted to machine language using an Assembler.
Because a Computer only understands machine code languages that’s why we need an Assembler that can
convert the Assembly level language to Machine language so the Computer gets the instruction and responds
quickly.
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4. The high level languages are the most used and also more considered programming languages
that helps a programmer to read, write and maintain. It is also the third generation language
that is used and also running till now by many programmers.
We need The translator may be an interpreter and Compiler that helps to convert into binary
code for a Computer to understand.
There are several high level languages that were used earlier and also now like COBOL,
FORTRAN, BASIC, C, C++, PASCAL, LISP, Ada, Algol, Prolog and Java.
It is user-friendly as the programs are written in English using words, symbols, characters,
numbers that needs to be converted to machine code for processing.
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5. Introduction
of
Programming
Concept
5 basic concepts of any
programming language:
Control
Structures
Variable Data Structure
Syntax Tools
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6. Introduction
& History
of C
Language
In 1988, the American
National Standards
Institute (ANSI) had
formalized the C
language.
invented to write
UNIX operating
system.
successor of 'Basic
Combined
Programming
Language' (BCPL)
called B language.
1 2 3
C has been written in
assembly language.
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Linux OS, PHP, and
MySQL are written in
C.
4
C was originally
developed by Dennis
Ritchie at AT&T Bell
Labs between 1969
and 1973.
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7. C Character
Set
Alphabets
Digits
Symbols
Lower case letters - a to z
UPPER CASE LETTERS - A to Z
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
~ @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ - + = { } [ ] ; : ' "
/ ? . > , < | tab newline space null
bell backspace vertical tab etc.,
Note :- Every character in C language has its equivalent
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
value.
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8. Thank you.
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