Introduction à l'écosystème de l'Internet des Objets
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The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. It defines IoT as connecting physical objects to the internet and being able to identify, locate, track and trade information about them. It then examines various technologies used for IoT like QR codes, RFID, Bluetooth, wireless sensors, and mobile networks. It compares the technologies based on factors like power, information capacity, cost, and accuracy. Finally, it provides examples of potential IoT business applications in areas like smart metering, logistics tracking, and agriculture.
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Introduction à l'écosystème de l'Internet des Objets
- 1. IoT ?
- 2. Table of Contents • Introduction • What is IoT? – Technology – Standards • Business cases
- 3. Introduction 1784 J. Watt - Steam machine – steam traction engine INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Distance between people is reduced – communication increase 1960 IBM – IBM 1401 – First commercial computer on punched card Distance between people disappear – communication increase COMPUTER REVOLUTION 1970 HP – Personal computer 1990 INTERNET connect people
- 4. Introduction 2010 July 8 – ERICSSON announce 5 billions mobile phone connections People are connected COMPUTER REVOLUTION « SMART » REVOLUTION Connect the world Economical challenges Ecological challenges 2012 June 6 – IpV6 release 3.4×1038 addresses Demographic challenges
- 5. What’s IoT ?
- 6. 2.10.17 6© sirris | www.sirris.be | info@sirris.be | « Human nervous system is a Network » « The Netwwork is a nervous system » Kevin Ashton
- 7. What’s IoT ? “anything that can be connected, will be connected.” Dream ?
- 8. 8
- 10. Freevox Touch The first smart watch for blind and the vision impaired. FreevoxTouch is a talking watch (choose your voice and volume, set multiple alarms), for a low vision / high contrast (black on white, white on black or yellow on black), a voice memo recorder ( store your memos at your convenience), a music player, and much more ... Courtesy of Benelux myfreevox.com
- 12. The eco-system today Unconnected Devices Internet-of- Things Machine-to- Machine PCs, Smartphones, Tablets Uniquely identifiable objects Virtual representation on the Internet Communicating Embedded devices
- 13. 1 3
- 15. QR/Bar Code: Potential Use • Needs visual access • Scan with any modern smartphone • Custom application or generic (URL to open with e.g. ID as parameter)
- 16. QR/Bar Code Power Information TCO Accuracy •NonePower • Needs visual access (~20 cm)Accuracy • Webservice • Mobile app or website • Scan with any AA smartphone(*) TCO • Unique ID/URL • Easy to hack ! • Read-only Information (*) = Apple/Android like
- 17. RFID tags reader Active or Passive Flat, round Water-proof Specialized or Built-in (finally thanks to payment)
- 18. RFID Flavours Band Regulations Range Data speed Remarks Approximate tag cost in volume US $ 120–150 kHz (LF) Unregulated 10 cm Low Animal identification, factory data collection $1 13.56 MHz (HF) ISM band worldwide 1 m Low to moderate Smart cards (MIFARE, ISO/IEC 14443) $0.50 433 MHz (UHF) Short Range Devices 1–100 m Moderate Defence applications, with active tags $5 865-868 MHz (Europe) 902-928 MHz (North America) UHF ISM band 1–2 m Moderate to high EAN, various standards $0.15 (passive tags) 2450-5800 MHz (microwave) ISM band 1–2 m High 802.11 WLAN, Bluetooth standards $25 (active tags) 3.1–10 GHz (microwave) Ultra wide band to 200 M High requires semi-active or active tags $5 projected NFC
- 19. RFID Power Information TCO Accuracy •NonePower •Needs proximity (~10cm – a few meters)Accuracy •Webservice / Mobile app •Tags are cheap •Scan with newer smartphone (5% of AA) TCO •Unique ID/URL/Text •read-write, read-only and WORM •lousy security Information 148-8K bytes •Install scanning gates in airport infrastructure •Standardize ?
- 20. Bluetooth • Classic bluetooth • Bluetooth low energy (4.0) – Watch battery – ~200kbps transmission – ~50m range – Since iPhone 4S & Galaxy S2 • BOM ~ 5$ • Application profiles: – Wireless leach – Proximity – wireless lock/authentication • Not allowed on airplanes today • New Bluetooth Mesh protocol
- 21. Under the hood • Bluetooth • Memory • Microcontroller 10/2/2017 © sirris 2013 | 21 TI's SensorTag + IR temperature Sensor Humidity Sensor Pressure Sensor Accelerometer Gyroscope Magnetometer http://www.ti.com/ww/en/wireless_connectivity/sensortag/index.shtml?INT C=SensorTag&HQS=sensortag-bt1
- 22. Relative positioning http://www.freescale.com/files/microcontrollers/doc/brochure/PositionLocationMonitoring.pdf (Fixed) Point Signal strength variation Mobile point + accelerometer/compass in smartphone Knows distance & Direction With known fixed points, absolute position might be possible Keys Phone
- 23. Bluetooth (BLE) Power Information TCO Accuracy •Limited (coin cell will last 1+ year) •Maybe possible to power (partially) with scavenging ? Power •Needs proximity (~1-50m)Accuracy •Mobile app •5$/tag •Connect newer smartphone (15% of AA) TCO •Anything •Read-Write (log) •Can have some security Information
- 24. IEEE 802.15.4 (6lowpan/zigbee/…) • 250kbps over up to 100m-500m • Relative low power (sleep mode) • Used in domotica, security, panic buttons • Need to add microcontroller • Not in smartphone • Some interesting research on relative location in wireless mesh (cooperatively figure out position) 10/2/2017 © sirris 2013 | 24 IPv6 over low power PAN
- 25. Wireless sensor tech Power Information TCO Accuracy • ~35mA • Lithium button cell < 5hoursPower • relative positioning •30-100mAccuracy •30$+ (15$ for RF, 15$ controller)TCO •Anything •Read-Write (log) •Semi-secure Information
- 26. WiFi • Free licensing bandwidth • Can be used for indoor positioning • Google strong in this (pick up wifi signals while gathering footage for streetview) • Lots of Wifi at airports, many opportunities for triangularisation • But: also power hungry & large
- 27. WiFi Power Information TCO Accuracy • Doesn’t work on a coin cellPower • indoor range ~50-70m • triangularisation with existing infrastructureAccuracy • 30$+TCO •Anything •Read-Write (log) •Can have some decent security Information
- 28. Mobile : NB-IoT • “Classic” M2M solution • Issues with e.g. roaming – Some global mobile sim alliances growing • No relative positioning ( cellular network) – Small cells not that popular for 2G-3G, will get better with 4G • Needs combination with GPS to add positioning • Current markets: containers, cars, large boxes • Large power drain
- 29. Mobile : NB-IoT
- 30. Mobile : LoRa, Sigfox, .. • Low-Power Wide-Area Network • free sub Gigahertz radio frequency bands – 169 MHz, 433 MHz, 868 MHz (Europe) – 915 MHz (North America) • Long-range communication link • Application payload under 12 bytes, and the interval between messages at least several minutes. • Half duplex & full duplex
- 31. Mobile Power Information TCO Accuracy • Doesn’t work on a coin cellPower • Cell ID (~city) • Needs GPSAccuracy •30$+TCO •Anything •Read-Write (log) •Semi-secure Information
- 33. In other words Unconnected Devices Internet-of- Things Machine-to- Machine PCs, Smartphones, Tablets QR-Code RFID BLE Wireless mesh Unique ID Proximity Communication
- 34. 3 4
- 35. 3 5
- 36. Data Transport – Platform 1: Primary Market Data Analysis – Platform 2: Secondary Market
- 37. The eco-system today Unconnected Devices Internet-of- Things Machine-to- Machine PCs, Smartphones, Tablets Uniquely identifiable objects Virtual representation on the Internet Communicating Embedded devices
- 39. And standards?
- 41. Will the MNOs succeed this time? • Open standard • Closer to connectivity than application • Strong drive from Vodafone and Huawei ▪ Lots of standards ▪ NB-IoT ▪ EC-GPRS ▪ LTE Cat-M ▪ 5G MMC ▪ Poor branding ▪ Not core to mission ▪ High opportunity cost
- 42. What about business ?
- 43. 43 Smart metering – Electricity, Water, Gas
- 44. 44 Smart lighting and sensors
- 45. Asset tracking and smart logistics 45
- 46. Examples ? 70000 distributors to manage
- 47. 2.10.17 47© sirris | www.sirris.be | info@sirris.be | Example 1. Reduction of truck size 2. Reduction of waste of time during machine refill tour 3. Reduction of fuel consumed 4. Increase of Sales
- 48. Example ? Compression of production cost
- 49. Example 1. Implemention of UHF RFID platform 2. 1000 UHF readers in all Volvo Plant 3. 99,96% reliability over the complete production process (> 2 000 000 cars) Compression of 600 % of tracking cost
- 50. Example ? Automatisation of production
- 51. Example 1. Reduction of fertilizer 2. Expansion of working time 3. Increase of quality $40K of revenue per employee vs. $175K per employee
- 53. Applications
- 56. http://www.sirris.be #sirris - @sirris_be http://www.linkedin.com/company/sirris http://techniline.sirris.be 2.10.17© sirris | www.sirris.be | info@sirris.be |