The
Prophets
       1
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                            2
Why do we have
  the Bible?
Why do we have
  the Bible?

            So that we can
              know God
Why do we have
  the Bible?

            So that we can
              know God


     … and know how
    to respond to God
GOD


      us
GOD


them         us
GOD


them         us
GOD


them         us
How do you feel about the prophets in the
Old Testament?




                                            6
How do you feel about the prophets in the
Old Testament?

What do you find difficult about them?

Why is it important to study them?



                                            6
difficulties with
 the prophets

                   7
They have a queer way of talking, like people
who, instead of proceeding in an orderly
manner, ramble off from one thing to the next
so that you cannot make heads or tails of
them or see what they are getting at.




                                                8
They have a queer way of talking, like people
who, instead of proceeding in an orderly
manner, ramble off from one thing to the next
so that you cannot make heads or tails of
them or see what they are getting at.
                                 Martin Luther



                                                 8
to g
           s in
          r d
     r t
    a s ie n
       r a
  b r
  n d e
u
10
Culture              Language


          Religion

History              Geography

                                 10
Core Themes

              11
What are the main themes which run
throughout the whole Bible?




                                     12
salvation history

                    13
. . . the Lord God banished them from the
Garden of Eden . . .
                                   Genesis 3:23




                                                  14
He will strike your head, and you will strike his
heel.
                                  Genesis 3:15




                                                    15
For God so loved the world that he gave his
one and only Son, that whoever believes in
him shall not perish but have eternal life.
                                       John 3:16




                                                   16
I saw a vast crowd, too great to count, from
every nation and tribe and people and
language, standing in front of the throne annd
before the Lamb. They were clothed in white
robes and held palm branches in their hands.
And they were shouting wth a great roar,
‘Salvation comes from our God who sits on
the throne and from the Lamb!’
                               Revelation 7:9–10

                                                   17
covenant
‘I will be your God and you will be my people’




                                                 19
I will make you into a great nation. I will
  bless you and make you famous, and you will
  be a blessing to others. I will bless those
  who bless you and curse those who treat
  you with contempt. All the families on earth
  will be blessed through you.
                             Genesis 12:1–3, NLT
Now if you will obey me and keep my
covenant, you will be my own special treasure
from among all the peoples on the earth; for
the earth belongs to me. . . .
‘Look, this blood confirms the covenant the
Lord has made with you in giving you these
instructions.’
                               Exodus 19:1; 24:8

                                                   21
Don’t you realise that the Lord, the God of
Israel, made a lasting covenant with David,
giving him and his descendants the throne of
Israel forever?
                              2 Chronicles 13:5



                                                  22
‘This is my blood, which confirms the covenant
between God and his people. It is poured out
as a sacrifice for many.’
                                   Mark 14:24




                                                23
kingdom

          24
God’s
people
God’s
  people




God’s place
God’s             rule

         God’s
        people




    God’s place
God’s             rule
God’s             blessing
         God’s
        people




    God’s place
Four stages in the OT
Adam
and Eve
Adam
and Eve




Eden
God’s words
          Relationship
 Adam
and Eve




Eden
Under God’s curse




Excluded
Moses


        29
There has never been another prophet in
Israel like Moses, whom the Lord knew face to
face.
                          Deuteronomy 34:10




                                                30
Israel
Israel




Canaan
God’s law
          Covenant

 Israel




Canaan
What other nation is so great as to have such
righteous decrees and laws as this body of
laws I am setting before you today?
                            Deuteronomy 4:8




                                                32
CANAAN
Jericho

CANAAN
Jericho

CANAAN
Reuben
Gad

Reuben
Manasseh
   (half)

Gad

Reuben
Manasseh
           (half)

        Gad

Judah   Reuben
Manasseh
               (half)

            Gad

    Judah   Reuben
Simeon
Manasseh
                          (half)

                       Gad
Benjamin
               Judah   Reuben
           Simeon
Manasseh
                          (half)
                Ephraim
                       Gad
Benjamin
               Judah   Reuben
           Simeon
Manasseh
                          (half)
                Ephraim
            Dan        Gad
Benjamin
               Judah   Reuben
           Simeon
Manasseh   Manasseh
                (half)     (half)
                Ephraim
            Dan        Gad
Benjamin
               Judah   Reuben
           Simeon
Issachar

              Manasseh   Manasseh
                (half)     (half)
                Ephraim
            Dan        Gad
Benjamin
               Judah   Reuben
           Simeon
Zebullun              Issachar

              Manasseh   Manasseh
                (half)     (half)
                Ephraim
            Dan        Gad
Benjamin
               Judah   Reuben
           Simeon
er
                    Ash
   Zebullun                Issachar

              Manasseh   Manasseh
                (half)     (half)
                Ephraim
            Dan        Gad
Benjamin
               Judah      Reuben
           Simeon
li
                        hta
                         er
                     Ash
                    Nap
   Zebullun                      Issachar

              Manasseh   Manasseh
                (half)     (half)
                Ephraim
            Dan        Gad
Benjamin
               Judah         Reuben
           Simeon
li
                                      ARAM




                        hta
                         er
                     Ash
                    Nap
   Zebullun                      Issachar

               Manasseh   Manasseh
                 (half)    (half)
                 Ephraim
             Dan        Gad AMMON
Benjamin
             ES
           IN




                  Judah      Reuben
        T
        IS




           Simeon
     IL




                                 MOAB
   PH




                      EDOM
                                 MIDIAN
        AMALEK
Covenant blessings




                     35
Covenant blessings

• Life




                     35
Covenant blessings

• Life
• Health




                     35
Covenant blessings

• Life
• Health
• Abundance




                     35
Covenant blessings

• Life        • Prosperity
• Health
• Abundance




                             35
Covenant blessings

• Life        • Prosperity
• Health      • Security
• Abundance




                             35
Covenant blessings

• Life        • Prosperity
• Health      • Security
• Abundance   • Respect




                             35
Covenant curses




                  36
Covenant curses

• Disease




                    36
Covenant curses

• Disease
• Drought




                    36
Covenant curses

• Disease
• Drought
• Dearth




                    36
Covenant curses

• Disease
• Drought
• Dearth
• Danger



                    36
Covenant curses

• Disease
• Drought
• Dearth
• Danger
• Death

                    36
Covenant curses

• Disease   • Defeat
• Drought
• Dearth
• Danger
• Death

                       36
Covenant curses

• Disease   • Defeat
• Drought   • Destruction
• Dearth
• Danger
• Death

                            36
Covenant curses

• Disease   • Defeat
• Drought   • Destruction
• Dearth    • Deportation
• Danger
• Death

                            36
Covenant curses

• Disease   • Defeat
• Drought   • Destruction
• Dearth    • Deportation
• Danger    • Destitution
• Death

                            36
Covenant curses

• Disease   • Defeat
• Drought   • Destruction
• Dearth    • Deportation
• Danger    • Destitution
• Death     • Disgrace

                            36
God’s law
                Covenant

    Israel




Canaan/Israel
God’s law
                Covenant




Canaan/Israel
The enemy
  within
            38
39
39
39
39
39
40
Read Deuteronomy 18:9–22

What are the people of God to avoid?

Why? What is the purpose of these pagan
practices?

What is the only valid option for God’s
people? Why?

                                          40
When the Lord your God eliminates the
nations from the place where you are headed
and you dispossess them, you will settle down
in their land. After they have been destroyed
from your presence, be careful not to be
ensnared like they are; do not pursue their
gods and say, ‘How do these nations serve
their gods? I will do the same.’ . . .


                                                41
You must not worship the Lord your God the
way they do! For everything that is abhorrent
to him, everything he hates, they have done
when worshipping their gods. They even burn
up their sons and daughters before their gods!
                Deuteronomy 12:29–31 (NET)



                                                 42
When you enter the land the Lord your God
is giving you, you must not learn the abhorrent
practices of those nations. There must never
be found among you anyone who sacrifices his
son or daughter in the fire, anyone who
practices divination, an omen reader, a
soothsayer, a sorcerer, one who casts spells,
one who conjures up spirits, a practitioner of
the occult, or a necromancer. . . .

                                                  43
Whoever does these things is abhorrent to
the Lord and because of these detestable
things the Lord your God is about to drive
them out from before you. You must be
blameless before the Lord your God. Those
nations that you are about to dispossess listen
to omen readers and diviners, but the Lord
your God has not given you permission to do
such things. . . .

                                                  44
The Lord your God will raise up for you a
prophet like me from among you – from your
fellow Israelites; you must listen to him.
 . . . I will raise up a prophet like you for them
from among their fellow Israelites. I will put my
words in his mouth and he will speak to them
whatever I command. I will personally hold
responsible anyone who then pays no attention
to the words that prophet speaks in my name.
                        Deuteronomy 18:9–15,17–19
                                                     45
A downward spiral
(Judges 2:6 – 16:31)

                       46
47
Turning
from God




            47
Turning
from God

            Oppression




                         47
Turning
from God

            Oppression



            Crying
            to God
                         47
Turning
      from God

                  Oppression



Rescuer           Crying
(Judge)           to God
                               47
Turning
        from God

Peace               Oppression



  Rescuer           Crying
  (Judge)           to God
                                 47
Turning
        from God

Peace               Oppression



  Rescuer           Crying
  (Judge)           to God
                                 47
The state of the nation
The state of the nation
JOSHUA:        JUDGES:
The state of the nation
 JOSHUA:            JUDGES:
• Israel united   • Factions/rivalry
The state of the nation
 JOSHUA:           JUDGES:
• Israel united   • Factions/rivalry
• Concerned for   • Self-interest and
  God’s glory       self-indulgence
The state of the nation
 JOSHUA:              JUDGES:
• Israel united      • Factions/rivalry
• Concerned for      • Self-interest and
  God’s glory          self-indulgence
• Led by God’s       • Slide into anarchy
  appointed leader     and idolatry
49
• Failure to deal with pagan nations




                                       49
• Failure to deal with pagan nations
• Failure to live by God’s standards




                                       49
• Failure to deal with pagan nations
• Failure to live by God’s standards
• Failure to have God at the centre of life and
  worship




                                                  49
In those days Israel had no king; everyone did as
he saw fit.
                    Judges 17:6; 18:1; 19:1; 21:25




                                                     50
Saul
Saul
• 1 Samuel 9–31
Saul
• 1 Samuel 9–31
• Reigned 1050–1010 (approx.)
Saul
• 1 Samuel 9–31
• Reigned 1050–1010 (approx.)
• Rejected because he rejected the word of the
  Lord (1 Samuel 15:23 )
David
David
• ‘The Lord has sought out a man after his own
  heart’ (1 Samuel 13:14)
David
• ‘The Lord has sought out a man after his own
  heart’ (1 Samuel 13:14)
• 1 Samuel 16 – 1 Kings 2 / 1 Chronicles 29
David
• ‘The Lord has sought out a man after his own
  heart’ (1 Samuel 13:14)
• 1 Samuel 16 – 1 Kings 2 / 1 Chronicles 29
• Reigned 1010–970 (approx.)
Solomon
Solomon
• 1 Kings 1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9
Solomon
• 1 Kings 1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9
• Reigned 970–931 (approx.)
Solomon
• 1 Kings 1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9
• Reigned 970–931 (approx.)
• The wisest man (1 Kings 3:12; see Luke 11:31)
Solomon
• 1 Kings 1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9
• Reigned 970–931 (approx.)
• The wisest man (1 Kings 3:12; see Luke 11:31)
• But slipped into idolatry and unfaithfulness
  (1 Kings 11:31–35)
Jerusalem
Rehoboam Jerusalem
922 BC



 Jeroboam Shechem
Rehoboam Jerusalem
922 BC


                     ISRAEL
 Jeroboam Shechem
Rehoboam Jerusalem
922 BC


                      ISRAEL
            Samaria
 Jeroboam
Rehoboam Jerusalem
922 BC




Rehoboam Jerusalem

            JUDAH
Saul
1050




       55
Rehoboam
                               931
Saul   David   Solomon
1050   1010    970




                         Jeroboam
                               931
                                     55
1050
                  Saul
                1010
                  David
                970
                  Solomon




     Jeroboam               Rehoboam
       931                     931

                            Abijam 913

                               Asa
55




                               911
Jeroboam      Rehoboam
         931           931
      Nadab 910     Abijam 913
     Baasha 909
      Elah 886         Asa
                       911
      Zimri 885
      Omri 885
      Ahab 874
     Ahaziah 853
      Joram 852
       Jehu 841

     Jehoahaz 814
55




     Jehoash 798
Jeroboam      Rehoboam
         931            931
      Nadab 910     Abijam 913
     Baasha 909
      Elah 886          Asa
                        911
                        Asa
      Zimri 885         911
      Omri 885
      Ahab 874
                    Jehoshaphat
     Ahaziah 853        870

      Joram 852     Jehoram 848
       Jehu 841     Ahaziah 841
                    Athaliah 841
     Jehoahaz 814
                    Jehoash 835
55




     Jehoash 798
God’s law
         Covenant




Israel
God’s law
         Covenant




Israel
prophets = nabi




                  57
prophets = nabi
called (by God) to call out (for God)




                                        57
58
Prophets are called by God




                             58
Prophets are called by God
     . . . to speak from God




                               58
Prophets are called by God
     . . . to speak from God
             . . . about God


                               58
authority


            59
uniformity


             60
Whether he is discussing the past, present or
future, the prophet is seeking to make God
the most genuine reality that men can know
and experience.
                                   A.B. Mickelson
                     Interpreting the Bible, p. 287



                                                      61
not foretelling


                  62
forthtelling


               63
Prophecy is essentially a ministry of disclosure,
a stripping bare. Israel’s great prophets do not
merely lift the veil of the future in order to
destroy false expectations; at the same time,
they expose the conduct of their
contemporaries. . . . Prophets tear the masks
away and show the true face of the people
behind them.
               Hans Walter Wolff, Confrontations

                                                    64
God’s glory

              65
God’s ultimate concern


                         66
Glory in the Old Testament




                             67
Glory in the Old Testament
• God’s glory revealed in creation




                                     67
Glory in the Old Testament
• God’s glory revealed in creation
• God’s glory rejected by human rebellion




                                            67
Glory in the Old Testament
• God’s glory revealed in creation
• God’s glory rejected by human rebellion
• God’s glory revived in Israel
  [nation, temple, king]




                                            67
Glory in the Old Testament
• God’s glory revealed in creation
• God’s glory rejected by human rebellion
• God’s glory revived in Israel
  [nation, temple, king]
• God’s glory defamed by idolatry




                                            67
Glory in the Old Testament
• God’s glory revealed in creation
• God’s glory rejected by human rebellion
• God’s glory revived in Israel
  [nation, temple, king]
• God’s glory defamed by idolatry
• God’s glory defended by the prophets



                                            67
The Bible’s Structure


                        68
Christian     Jewish

Old Testament   Tanak

New Testament



                         69
Old Testament




                70
Old Testament
  Pentateuch

 History books

  Wisdom Lit.

   Prophets


                 70
Old Testament
                Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
 Pentateuch     Numbers, Deuteronomy

History books

Wisdom Lit.

  Prophets

                                              70
Old Testament
                Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
 Pentateuch     Numbers, Deuteronomy
                Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel
History books   1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra,
                Nehemiah, Esther

Wisdom Lit.

  Prophets

                                                   70
Old Testament
                Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
 Pentateuch     Numbers, Deuteronomy
                Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel
History books   1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra,
                Nehemiah, Esther
                Job, Psalms, Proverbs,
Wisdom Lit.     Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon


  Prophets

                                                   70
Old Testament
                Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
 Pentateuch     Numbers, Deuteronomy
                Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel
History books   1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra,
                Nehemiah, Esther
                Job, Psalms, Proverbs,
Wisdom Lit.     Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon

                Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations,
  Prophets      Ezekiel, Daniel, Minor Prophets


                                                   70
New Testament




                71
New Testament
   Revelation

    History

 Timeless present

  Anticipation

                    71
New Testament
  Revelation       Matthew Mark, Luke, John


   History         Acts


Timeless present   Romans – Jude


 Anticipation      Revelations



                                              71
Old Testament   Tanak
  Pentateuch
     Law

   History      Prophets

   Wisdom       Writings

   Prophets


                           72
Old Testament   Tanak
  Pentateuch      Law

   History      Prophets

   Wisdom       Writings

   Prophets


                           72
Old Testament    Tanak
  Pentateuch    Instruction
                    Law

   History      Prophets

   Wisdom        Writings

   Prophets


                              72
Old Testament    Tanak
  Pentateuch    Instruction
                    Law

   History      Prophets
                 History

   Wisdom        Writings

   Prophets


                              72
Old Testament    Tanak
  Pentateuch    Instruction
                    Law

   History      Prophets
                 History

   Wisdom        Writings
                 Prophets
                 Wisdom
                  History

   Prophets


                              72
Old Testament    Tanak
  Pentateuch    Instruction
                   Torah
                    Law

   History      Prophets
                 Nevi’im
                 History

   Wisdom        Writings
                 Ketuvim
                 Prophets
                 Wisdom
                  History

   Prophets


                              72
Tanak

     Torah



Nevi’im Rishonim
Nevi’im Ahronim
     Nevi’im



    Ketuvim

                       73
Tanak
                   Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
     Torah         Numbers, Deuteronomy



Nevi’im Rishonim
Nevi’im Ahronim
     Nevi’im



    Ketuvim

                                                 73
Tanak
                   Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
     Torah         Numbers, Deuteronomy


Nevi’im Rishonim   Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings
    Nevi’im
Nevi’im Ahronim

    Ketuvim

                                                   73
Tanak
                   Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
     Torah         Numbers, Deuteronomy


Nevi’im Rishonim   Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings
    Nevi’im
                   Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel,
Nevi’im Ahronim    Book of the Twelve


    Ketuvim

                                                   73
Tanak
                   Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
     Torah         Numbers, Deuteronomy


Nevi’im Rishonim   Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings
    Nevi’im
                   Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel,
Nevi’im Ahronim    Book of the Twelve
                   Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ruth, Song
    Ketuvim        of Solomon, Ecclesiastes,
                   Lamentations, Esther, Daniel,
                   Ezra–Nehemiah, Chronicles
                                                       73
Tanak
                   Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,
     Torah         Numbers, Deuteronomy


Nevi’im Rishonim
Former Prophets    Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings
     Nevi’im
                   Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel,
Nevi’imProphets
 Latter Ahronim    Book of the Twelve
                   Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ruth, Song
    Writings
    Ketuvim        of Solomon, Ecclesiastes,
                   Lamentations, Esther, Daniel,
                   Ezra–Nehemiah, Chronicles
                                                       73
The Word of
 the LORD
              74
Calling people
 back to the
  covenant
Covenant
enforcement
 mediators
 (Fee and Stuart)
Warning of
judgment




             76
Promising
restoration




              77
Restoration
Basic pattern

                79
80
Identification of
   Israel’s sin




                   80
Identification of
    Israel’s sin



Announcement of
   judgment


                    80
Identification of     Declaration of
    Israel’s sin    God’s love for Israel



Announcement of
   judgment


                                            80
Identification of     Declaration of
    Israel’s sin    God’s love for Israel



Announcement of     Announcement of
   judgment             blessing


                                            80
Old
Testament

   Promise
Old                  New
Testament       Testament

   Promise   Fulfilment
deep focus


             82
two horizons


               84
85
key themes

             86
1
God is the ruler of all of
history and every nation

                             87
2
      Humanity’s most
    fundamental need is
    to be right with God
                           88
3
 Religion, politics and
society must all be on
  a firm moral base
                          89
4
God offers us the choice
 of judgment or hope

                           90
conditional future?


                      91
The [Latter Prophets] did not call for reform,
for they knew it was too late; the end of the
present order was near and could not be
averted.
                                 Donald Gowan
                    Reclaiming the OT p. 125–6



                                                 92
5
The future kingdom of God


                            93
beacons


          94
These distant future events . . . are announced
to serve as beacons for God’s people –
beacons which will help them get their
bearings and set their course in life, beacons
which will give direction, hope, and
encouragement, even in the darkest hour.
                               Sidney Greidanus,
       The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text, p. 235


                                                          95
a universal kingdom


                      96
coming and continuing


                        97
a coming King


                98
Death
        99
i o n
            c t
         rre
 e s   u
R                  99
6
    The glory of God


                       100
God’s glory in the prophets




                              101
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people
  and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11




                                                101
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people
  and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11
• God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2




                                                 101
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people
  and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11
• God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2
• God’s glory revealed in new Davidic king. Jer.
  23:5–6




                                                   101
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people
  and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11
• God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2
• God’s glory revealed in new Davidic king. Jer.
  23:5–6
• God’s glory revealed in a new temple. Ez. 47:1



                                                   101
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people
  and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11
• God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2
• God’s glory revealed in new Davidic king. Jer.
  23:5–6
• God’s glory revealed in a new temple. Ez. 47:1
• God’s glory revealed in new creation.
  Isaiah 65:17
                                                   101
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer.
  31:31–33




                                               102
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer.
  31:31–33
• God will be shepherd Ezekiel 34:11–13, 26–31




                                                 102
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer.
  31:31–33
• God will be shepherd Ezekiel 34:11–13, 26–31
• God’s righteousness revealed in salvation of
  nations. Isaiah 42:6b–7; 49:6b




                                                 102
God’s glory in the prophets
• God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer.
  31:31–33
• God will be shepherd Ezekiel 34:11–13, 26–31
• God’s righteousness revealed in salvation of
  nations. Isaiah 42:6b–7; 49:6b
• The Lord’s anointed will do this. Isaiah 11:1–4;
  42:1; 49:1–3; 50:4; 59:21; 61:1


                                                     102
Read Joel and see how these key themes are
explored.




                                             103

I. Introducing the Old Testament Prophets

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 5.
    Why do wehave the Bible?
  • 6.
    Why do wehave the Bible? So that we can know God
  • 7.
    Why do wehave the Bible? So that we can know God … and know how to respond to God
  • 9.
    GOD us
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
    How do youfeel about the prophets in the Old Testament? 6
  • 14.
    How do youfeel about the prophets in the Old Testament? What do you find difficult about them? Why is it important to study them? 6
  • 15.
  • 16.
    They have aqueer way of talking, like people who, instead of proceeding in an orderly manner, ramble off from one thing to the next so that you cannot make heads or tails of them or see what they are getting at. 8
  • 17.
    They have aqueer way of talking, like people who, instead of proceeding in an orderly manner, ramble off from one thing to the next so that you cannot make heads or tails of them or see what they are getting at. Martin Luther 8
  • 18.
    to g s in r d r t a s ie n r a b r n d e u
  • 19.
  • 20.
    Culture Language Religion History Geography 10
  • 21.
  • 22.
    What are themain themes which run throughout the whole Bible? 12
  • 23.
  • 24.
    . . .the Lord God banished them from the Garden of Eden . . . Genesis 3:23 14
  • 25.
    He will strikeyour head, and you will strike his heel. Genesis 3:15 15
  • 26.
    For God soloved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life. John 3:16 16
  • 27.
    I saw avast crowd, too great to count, from every nation and tribe and people and language, standing in front of the throne annd before the Lamb. They were clothed in white robes and held palm branches in their hands. And they were shouting wth a great roar, ‘Salvation comes from our God who sits on the throne and from the Lamb!’ Revelation 7:9–10 17
  • 28.
  • 29.
    ‘I will beyour God and you will be my people’ 19
  • 30.
    I will makeyou into a great nation. I will bless you and make you famous, and you will be a blessing to others. I will bless those who bless you and curse those who treat you with contempt. All the families on earth will be blessed through you. Genesis 12:1–3, NLT
  • 31.
    Now if youwill obey me and keep my covenant, you will be my own special treasure from among all the peoples on the earth; for the earth belongs to me. . . . ‘Look, this blood confirms the covenant the Lord has made with you in giving you these instructions.’ Exodus 19:1; 24:8 21
  • 32.
    Don’t you realisethat the Lord, the God of Israel, made a lasting covenant with David, giving him and his descendants the throne of Israel forever? 2 Chronicles 13:5 22
  • 33.
    ‘This is myblood, which confirms the covenant between God and his people. It is poured out as a sacrifice for many.’ Mark 14:24 23
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
    God’s rule God’s people God’s place
  • 38.
    God’s rule God’s blessing God’s people God’s place
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
    God’s words Relationship Adam and Eve Eden
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
    There has neverbeen another prophet in Israel like Moses, whom the Lord knew face to face. Deuteronomy 34:10 30
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
    God’s law Covenant Israel Canaan
  • 50.
    What other nationis so great as to have such righteous decrees and laws as this body of laws I am setting before you today? Deuteronomy 4:8 32
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58.
    Manasseh (half) Gad Reuben
  • 59.
    Manasseh (half) Gad Judah Reuben
  • 60.
    Manasseh (half) Gad Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 61.
    Manasseh (half) Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 62.
    Manasseh (half) Ephraim Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 63.
    Manasseh (half) Ephraim Dan Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 64.
    Manasseh Manasseh (half) (half) Ephraim Dan Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 65.
    Issachar Manasseh Manasseh (half) (half) Ephraim Dan Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 66.
    Zebullun Issachar Manasseh Manasseh (half) (half) Ephraim Dan Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 67.
    er Ash Zebullun Issachar Manasseh Manasseh (half) (half) Ephraim Dan Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 68.
    li hta er Ash Nap Zebullun Issachar Manasseh Manasseh (half) (half) Ephraim Dan Gad Benjamin Judah Reuben Simeon
  • 69.
    li ARAM hta er Ash Nap Zebullun Issachar Manasseh Manasseh (half) (half) Ephraim Dan Gad AMMON Benjamin ES IN Judah Reuben T IS Simeon IL MOAB PH EDOM MIDIAN AMALEK
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73.
    Covenant blessings • Life •Health • Abundance 35
  • 74.
    Covenant blessings • Life • Prosperity • Health • Abundance 35
  • 75.
    Covenant blessings • Life • Prosperity • Health • Security • Abundance 35
  • 76.
    Covenant blessings • Life • Prosperity • Health • Security • Abundance • Respect 35
  • 77.
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80.
    Covenant curses • Disease •Drought • Dearth 36
  • 81.
    Covenant curses • Disease •Drought • Dearth • Danger 36
  • 82.
    Covenant curses • Disease •Drought • Dearth • Danger • Death 36
  • 83.
    Covenant curses • Disease • Defeat • Drought • Dearth • Danger • Death 36
  • 84.
    Covenant curses • Disease • Defeat • Drought • Destruction • Dearth • Danger • Death 36
  • 85.
    Covenant curses • Disease • Defeat • Drought • Destruction • Dearth • Deportation • Danger • Death 36
  • 86.
    Covenant curses • Disease • Defeat • Drought • Destruction • Dearth • Deportation • Danger • Destitution • Death 36
  • 87.
    Covenant curses • Disease • Defeat • Drought • Destruction • Dearth • Deportation • Danger • Destitution • Death • Disgrace 36
  • 88.
    God’s law Covenant Israel Canaan/Israel
  • 89.
    God’s law Covenant Canaan/Israel
  • 90.
    The enemy within 38
  • 91.
  • 92.
  • 93.
  • 94.
  • 95.
  • 96.
  • 97.
    Read Deuteronomy 18:9–22 Whatare the people of God to avoid? Why? What is the purpose of these pagan practices? What is the only valid option for God’s people? Why? 40
  • 98.
    When the Lordyour God eliminates the nations from the place where you are headed and you dispossess them, you will settle down in their land. After they have been destroyed from your presence, be careful not to be ensnared like they are; do not pursue their gods and say, ‘How do these nations serve their gods? I will do the same.’ . . . 41
  • 99.
    You must notworship the Lord your God the way they do! For everything that is abhorrent to him, everything he hates, they have done when worshipping their gods. They even burn up their sons and daughters before their gods! Deuteronomy 12:29–31 (NET) 42
  • 100.
    When you enterthe land the Lord your God is giving you, you must not learn the abhorrent practices of those nations. There must never be found among you anyone who sacrifices his son or daughter in the fire, anyone who practices divination, an omen reader, a soothsayer, a sorcerer, one who casts spells, one who conjures up spirits, a practitioner of the occult, or a necromancer. . . . 43
  • 101.
    Whoever does thesethings is abhorrent to the Lord and because of these detestable things the Lord your God is about to drive them out from before you. You must be blameless before the Lord your God. Those nations that you are about to dispossess listen to omen readers and diviners, but the Lord your God has not given you permission to do such things. . . . 44
  • 102.
    The Lord yourGod will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you – from your fellow Israelites; you must listen to him. . . . I will raise up a prophet like you for them from among their fellow Israelites. I will put my words in his mouth and he will speak to them whatever I command. I will personally hold responsible anyone who then pays no attention to the words that prophet speaks in my name. Deuteronomy 18:9–15,17–19 45
  • 103.
    A downward spiral (Judges2:6 – 16:31) 46
  • 104.
  • 105.
  • 106.
    Turning from God Oppression 47
  • 107.
    Turning from God Oppression Crying to God 47
  • 108.
    Turning from God Oppression Rescuer Crying (Judge) to God 47
  • 109.
    Turning from God Peace Oppression Rescuer Crying (Judge) to God 47
  • 110.
    Turning from God Peace Oppression Rescuer Crying (Judge) to God 47
  • 111.
    The state ofthe nation
  • 112.
    The state ofthe nation JOSHUA: JUDGES:
  • 113.
    The state ofthe nation JOSHUA: JUDGES: • Israel united • Factions/rivalry
  • 114.
    The state ofthe nation JOSHUA: JUDGES: • Israel united • Factions/rivalry • Concerned for • Self-interest and God’s glory self-indulgence
  • 115.
    The state ofthe nation JOSHUA: JUDGES: • Israel united • Factions/rivalry • Concerned for • Self-interest and God’s glory self-indulgence • Led by God’s • Slide into anarchy appointed leader and idolatry
  • 116.
  • 117.
    • Failure todeal with pagan nations 49
  • 118.
    • Failure todeal with pagan nations • Failure to live by God’s standards 49
  • 119.
    • Failure todeal with pagan nations • Failure to live by God’s standards • Failure to have God at the centre of life and worship 49
  • 120.
    In those daysIsrael had no king; everyone did as he saw fit. Judges 17:6; 18:1; 19:1; 21:25 50
  • 121.
  • 122.
  • 123.
    Saul • 1 Samuel9–31 • Reigned 1050–1010 (approx.)
  • 124.
    Saul • 1 Samuel9–31 • Reigned 1050–1010 (approx.) • Rejected because he rejected the word of the Lord (1 Samuel 15:23 )
  • 125.
  • 126.
    David • ‘The Lordhas sought out a man after his own heart’ (1 Samuel 13:14)
  • 127.
    David • ‘The Lordhas sought out a man after his own heart’ (1 Samuel 13:14) • 1 Samuel 16 – 1 Kings 2 / 1 Chronicles 29
  • 128.
    David • ‘The Lordhas sought out a man after his own heart’ (1 Samuel 13:14) • 1 Samuel 16 – 1 Kings 2 / 1 Chronicles 29 • Reigned 1010–970 (approx.)
  • 129.
  • 130.
    Solomon • 1 Kings1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9
  • 131.
    Solomon • 1 Kings1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9 • Reigned 970–931 (approx.)
  • 132.
    Solomon • 1 Kings1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9 • Reigned 970–931 (approx.) • The wisest man (1 Kings 3:12; see Luke 11:31)
  • 133.
    Solomon • 1 Kings1 – 11 / 1 Chron. 22 – 2 Chron. 9 • Reigned 970–931 (approx.) • The wisest man (1 Kings 3:12; see Luke 11:31) • But slipped into idolatry and unfaithfulness (1 Kings 11:31–35)
  • 134.
  • 135.
  • 136.
    922 BC JeroboamShechem Rehoboam Jerusalem
  • 137.
    922 BC ISRAEL Jeroboam Shechem Rehoboam Jerusalem
  • 138.
    922 BC ISRAEL Samaria Jeroboam Rehoboam Jerusalem
  • 139.
  • 140.
  • 141.
    Rehoboam 931 Saul David Solomon 1050 1010 970 Jeroboam 931 55
  • 142.
    1050 Saul 1010 David 970 Solomon Jeroboam Rehoboam 931 931 Abijam 913 Asa 55 911
  • 143.
    Jeroboam Rehoboam 931 931 Nadab 910 Abijam 913 Baasha 909 Elah 886 Asa 911 Zimri 885 Omri 885 Ahab 874 Ahaziah 853 Joram 852 Jehu 841 Jehoahaz 814 55 Jehoash 798
  • 144.
    Jeroboam Rehoboam 931 931 Nadab 910 Abijam 913 Baasha 909 Elah 886 Asa 911 Asa Zimri 885 911 Omri 885 Ahab 874 Jehoshaphat Ahaziah 853 870 Joram 852 Jehoram 848 Jehu 841 Ahaziah 841 Athaliah 841 Jehoahaz 814 Jehoash 835 55 Jehoash 798
  • 145.
    God’s law Covenant Israel
  • 146.
    God’s law Covenant Israel
  • 147.
  • 148.
    prophets = nabi called(by God) to call out (for God) 57
  • 149.
  • 150.
  • 151.
    Prophets are calledby God . . . to speak from God 58
  • 152.
    Prophets are calledby God . . . to speak from God . . . about God 58
  • 153.
  • 154.
  • 155.
    Whether he isdiscussing the past, present or future, the prophet is seeking to make God the most genuine reality that men can know and experience. A.B. Mickelson Interpreting the Bible, p. 287 61
  • 156.
  • 157.
  • 158.
    Prophecy is essentiallya ministry of disclosure, a stripping bare. Israel’s great prophets do not merely lift the veil of the future in order to destroy false expectations; at the same time, they expose the conduct of their contemporaries. . . . Prophets tear the masks away and show the true face of the people behind them. Hans Walter Wolff, Confrontations 64
  • 159.
  • 160.
  • 161.
    Glory in theOld Testament 67
  • 162.
    Glory in theOld Testament • God’s glory revealed in creation 67
  • 163.
    Glory in theOld Testament • God’s glory revealed in creation • God’s glory rejected by human rebellion 67
  • 164.
    Glory in theOld Testament • God’s glory revealed in creation • God’s glory rejected by human rebellion • God’s glory revived in Israel [nation, temple, king] 67
  • 165.
    Glory in theOld Testament • God’s glory revealed in creation • God’s glory rejected by human rebellion • God’s glory revived in Israel [nation, temple, king] • God’s glory defamed by idolatry 67
  • 166.
    Glory in theOld Testament • God’s glory revealed in creation • God’s glory rejected by human rebellion • God’s glory revived in Israel [nation, temple, king] • God’s glory defamed by idolatry • God’s glory defended by the prophets 67
  • 167.
  • 168.
    Christian Jewish Old Testament Tanak New Testament 69
  • 169.
  • 170.
    Old Testament Pentateuch History books Wisdom Lit. Prophets 70
  • 171.
    Old Testament Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Pentateuch Numbers, Deuteronomy History books Wisdom Lit. Prophets 70
  • 172.
    Old Testament Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Pentateuch Numbers, Deuteronomy Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel History books 1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther Wisdom Lit. Prophets 70
  • 173.
    Old Testament Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Pentateuch Numbers, Deuteronomy Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel History books 1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Wisdom Lit. Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon Prophets 70
  • 174.
    Old Testament Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Pentateuch Numbers, Deuteronomy Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel History books 1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Wisdom Lit. Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Prophets Ezekiel, Daniel, Minor Prophets 70
  • 175.
  • 176.
    New Testament Revelation History Timeless present Anticipation 71
  • 177.
    New Testament Revelation Matthew Mark, Luke, John History Acts Timeless present Romans – Jude Anticipation Revelations 71
  • 178.
    Old Testament Tanak Pentateuch Law History Prophets Wisdom Writings Prophets 72
  • 179.
    Old Testament Tanak Pentateuch Law History Prophets Wisdom Writings Prophets 72
  • 180.
    Old Testament Tanak Pentateuch Instruction Law History Prophets Wisdom Writings Prophets 72
  • 181.
    Old Testament Tanak Pentateuch Instruction Law History Prophets History Wisdom Writings Prophets 72
  • 182.
    Old Testament Tanak Pentateuch Instruction Law History Prophets History Wisdom Writings Prophets Wisdom History Prophets 72
  • 183.
    Old Testament Tanak Pentateuch Instruction Torah Law History Prophets Nevi’im History Wisdom Writings Ketuvim Prophets Wisdom History Prophets 72
  • 184.
    Tanak Torah Nevi’im Rishonim Nevi’im Ahronim Nevi’im Ketuvim 73
  • 185.
    Tanak Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Torah Numbers, Deuteronomy Nevi’im Rishonim Nevi’im Ahronim Nevi’im Ketuvim 73
  • 186.
    Tanak Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Torah Numbers, Deuteronomy Nevi’im Rishonim Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings Nevi’im Nevi’im Ahronim Ketuvim 73
  • 187.
    Tanak Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Torah Numbers, Deuteronomy Nevi’im Rishonim Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings Nevi’im Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Nevi’im Ahronim Book of the Twelve Ketuvim 73
  • 188.
    Tanak Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Torah Numbers, Deuteronomy Nevi’im Rishonim Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings Nevi’im Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Nevi’im Ahronim Book of the Twelve Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ruth, Song Ketuvim of Solomon, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, Daniel, Ezra–Nehemiah, Chronicles 73
  • 189.
    Tanak Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Torah Numbers, Deuteronomy Nevi’im Rishonim Former Prophets Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings Nevi’im Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Nevi’imProphets Latter Ahronim Book of the Twelve Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ruth, Song Writings Ketuvim of Solomon, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, Daniel, Ezra–Nehemiah, Chronicles 73
  • 190.
    The Word of the LORD 74
  • 191.
    Calling people backto the covenant
  • 192.
  • 193.
  • 194.
  • 195.
  • 196.
  • 197.
  • 198.
    Identification of Israel’s sin 80
  • 199.
    Identification of Israel’s sin Announcement of judgment 80
  • 200.
    Identification of Declaration of Israel’s sin God’s love for Israel Announcement of judgment 80
  • 201.
    Identification of Declaration of Israel’s sin God’s love for Israel Announcement of Announcement of judgment blessing 80
  • 203.
  • 204.
    Old New Testament Testament Promise Fulfilment
  • 205.
  • 207.
  • 208.
  • 209.
  • 210.
    1 God is theruler of all of history and every nation 87
  • 211.
    2 Humanity’s most fundamental need is to be right with God 88
  • 212.
    3 Religion, politicsand society must all be on a firm moral base 89
  • 213.
    4 God offers usthe choice of judgment or hope 90
  • 214.
  • 215.
    The [Latter Prophets]did not call for reform, for they knew it was too late; the end of the present order was near and could not be averted. Donald Gowan Reclaiming the OT p. 125–6 92
  • 216.
  • 217.
  • 218.
    These distant futureevents . . . are announced to serve as beacons for God’s people – beacons which will help them get their bearings and set their course in life, beacons which will give direction, hope, and encouragement, even in the darkest hour. Sidney Greidanus, The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text, p. 235 95
  • 219.
  • 220.
  • 221.
  • 222.
  • 223.
    i o n c t rre e s u R 99
  • 224.
    6 The glory of God 100
  • 225.
    God’s glory inthe prophets 101
  • 226.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11 101
  • 227.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11 • God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2 101
  • 228.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11 • God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2 • God’s glory revealed in new Davidic king. Jer. 23:5–6 101
  • 229.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11 • God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2 • God’s glory revealed in new Davidic king. Jer. 23:5–6 • God’s glory revealed in a new temple. Ez. 47:1 101
  • 230.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed as he gathers a people and redeems them. Jer. 31:10–11 • God’s glory revealed in a new Zion. Isaiah 2 • God’s glory revealed in new Davidic king. Jer. 23:5–6 • God’s glory revealed in a new temple. Ez. 47:1 • God’s glory revealed in new creation. Isaiah 65:17 101
  • 231.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer. 31:31–33 102
  • 232.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer. 31:31–33 • God will be shepherd Ezekiel 34:11–13, 26–31 102
  • 233.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer. 31:31–33 • God will be shepherd Ezekiel 34:11–13, 26–31 • God’s righteousness revealed in salvation of nations. Isaiah 42:6b–7; 49:6b 102
  • 234.
    God’s glory inthe prophets • God’s glory revealed in new covenant. Jer. 31:31–33 • God will be shepherd Ezekiel 34:11–13, 26–31 • God’s righteousness revealed in salvation of nations. Isaiah 42:6b–7; 49:6b • The Lord’s anointed will do this. Isaiah 11:1–4; 42:1; 49:1–3; 50:4; 59:21; 61:1 102
  • 235.
    Read Joel andsee how these key themes are explored. 103

Editor's Notes

  • #4 Bible: bestselling book of all time; central to Western Culture; God’s self-disclosure Prophets: Nothing ever equalled the collection of literature by the prophets Who is the greatest prophet? Moses – Deuteronomy 34:10
  • #20 Difficult because collections of spoken oracles, not necessarily in chronological order
  • #21 Difficult because collections of spoken oracles, not necessarily in chronological order
  • #22 Language; Culture; Geography; History; Religion
  • #28 Core themes of BIBLE, not prophets only
  • #30 God reversing the effects of sin and establishing a new creation. QUESTION: What are the key stages of salvation history?
  • #35 God‘s commitment to his people: ‘I will be your God and you will be my people’ QUESTION: What are the major covenants?
  • #39 Judah, led by King Abijah, took 400k soldiers to meet Jeroboam with 800k. Abijah shouts this from Mount Zemaraim to Jeroboam
  • #41 God‘s people in God‘s place enjoying God‘s presence. QUESTION: How can we summarise what God’s kingdom means throughout Scripture?
  • #42 Marcus: God’s place = God’s household; Where God is Marcus adds God’s deliverance
  • #43 Marcus: God’s place = God’s household; Where God is Marcus adds God’s deliverance
  • #44 Marcus: God’s place = God’s household; Where God is Marcus adds God’s deliverance
  • #45 Marcus: God’s place = God’s household; Where God is Marcus adds God’s deliverance
  • #46 Marcus: God’s place = God’s household; Where God is Marcus adds God’s deliverance
  • #47 Marcus: God’s place = God’s household; Where God is Marcus adds God’s deliverance
  • #49 The kingdom revealed in Eden Gen 1–2
  • #50 The kingdom revealed in Eden Gen 1–2
  • #51 The kingdom revealed in Eden Gen 1–2
  • #52 The kingdom resisted; Genesis 3–11
  • #53 The kingdom resisted; Genesis 3–11
  • #54 The kingdom resisted; Genesis 3–11
  • #55 The kingdom resisted; Genesis 3–11
  • #56 greatest prophet; prior to Moses God communicated directly with heads of families/key individuals (esp. Patriarchs). Moses leading people with 600k families – God speaks to nation through one man People wanted a (speaking) mediator: Deuteronomy 18:15–16
  • #57 cf Aaron and Miriam’s complaint and God’s answer Nu. 12:1–8. Moses in entirely different category from all other prophets Later prophets to be like Moses (Deut. 18) - he is fountainhead of prophetism (contradicts religious evolution - peak first) – but never greater
  • #58 The kingdom revealed in Israel – Gen 12 – 1 Kings 11 / 2 Chronicles 9
  • #59 The kingdom revealed in Israel – Gen 12 – 1 Kings 11 / 2 Chronicles 9
  • #60 The kingdom revealed in Israel – Gen 12 – 1 Kings 11 / 2 Chronicles 9
  • #61 Moses addressing people in plain of Moab Israel was to have unique function among nations of earth
  • #62 Joshua 11:16-23 (note: ‘all’) cf 13:1; 23:1-13 (lots still to do)
  • #63 Joshua 11:16-23 (note: ‘all’) cf 13:1; 23:1-13 (lots still to do)
  • #64 Joshua 11:16-23 (note: ‘all’) cf 13:1; 23:1-13 (lots still to do)
  • #65 Joshua 11:16-23 (note: ‘all’) cf 13:1; 23:1-13 (lots still to do)
  • #66 Joshua 11:16-23 (note: ‘all’) cf 13:1; 23:1-13 (lots still to do)
  • #67 Joshua 11:16-23 (note: ‘all’) cf 13:1; 23:1-13 (lots still to do)
  • #68 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #69 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #70 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #71 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #72 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #73 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #74 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #75 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #76 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #77 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #78 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #79 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #80 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #81 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #82 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #83 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #84 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #85 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #86 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #87 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #88 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #89 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #90 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #91 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #92 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #93 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #94 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #95 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #96 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #97 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #98 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #99 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #100 How the West was won (or not) Transjordan = Gilead
  • #101 Note: these are corporate, not individual Life or death in promised land: Lev 26:1–39; Deut 4:15–40; 28 – 32 (note 30:11–20)
  • #102 Note: these are corporate, not individual Life or death in promised land: Lev 26:1–39; Deut 4:15–40; 28 – 32 (note 30:11–20)
  • #103 Note: these are corporate, not individual Life or death in promised land: Lev 26:1–39; Deut 4:15–40; 28 – 32 (note 30:11–20)
  • #104 Note: these are corporate, not individual Life or death in promised land: Lev 26:1–39; Deut 4:15–40; 28 – 32 (note 30:11–20)
  • #105 Note: these are corporate, not individual Life or death in promised land: Lev 26:1–39; Deut 4:15–40; 28 – 32 (note 30:11–20)
  • #106 Note: these are corporate, not individual Life or death in promised land: Lev 26:1–39; Deut 4:15–40; 28 – 32 (note 30:11–20)
  • #107 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #108 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #109 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #110 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #111 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #112 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #113 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #114 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #115 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #116 10 ‘D’s These are corporate
  • #121 Warned against settling in with Canaanites by Joshua and Moses (Josh 23)
  • #122 Warned against settling in with Canaanites by Joshua and Moses (Josh 23) Bronze figure of Baal; Canaanite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Syria Ugaritic Baal figure Limestone stela with dedication to Baal, from Carthage 2nd-1st century BC; symbolism is Canaanite, with 2 representations of goddess Tanit Phoenician Astarte; 6th century from Tharros, Sardinia Gold god Hittite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Anatolia
  • #123 Warned against settling in with Canaanites by Joshua and Moses (Josh 23) Bronze figure of Baal; Canaanite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Syria Ugaritic Baal figure Limestone stela with dedication to Baal, from Carthage 2nd-1st century BC; symbolism is Canaanite, with 2 representations of goddess Tanit Phoenician Astarte; 6th century from Tharros, Sardinia Gold god Hittite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Anatolia
  • #124 Warned against settling in with Canaanites by Joshua and Moses (Josh 23) Bronze figure of Baal; Canaanite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Syria Ugaritic Baal figure Limestone stela with dedication to Baal, from Carthage 2nd-1st century BC; symbolism is Canaanite, with 2 representations of goddess Tanit Phoenician Astarte; 6th century from Tharros, Sardinia Gold god Hittite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Anatolia
  • #125 Warned against settling in with Canaanites by Joshua and Moses (Josh 23) Bronze figure of Baal; Canaanite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Syria Ugaritic Baal figure Limestone stela with dedication to Baal, from Carthage 2nd-1st century BC; symbolism is Canaanite, with 2 representations of goddess Tanit Phoenician Astarte; 6th century from Tharros, Sardinia Gold god Hittite, about 1400-1200 BC, from Anatolia
  • #134 Note God’s initiative in raising up future prophet(s)
  • #136 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #137 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #138 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #139 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #140 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #141 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #142 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #143 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #144 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #145 1. Othniel 2. Ehud 3. Shamgar 4. Deborah/Barak 5. Gideon 6. Tola 7. Jair 8. Jephthah 9. Ibzan 10. Elon 11. Abdon 12. Samson Othniel is reliable, highly competent and faithful to God Problems - idolatry; covenants
  • #154 triple failure
  • #155 triple failure
  • #156 triple failure
  • #157 Emphasising the advantages of a monarchy over anarchy Deuteronomy 17:14-20
  • #162 Note 2 Samuel 7:8-16
  • #163 Note 2 Samuel 7:8-16
  • #164 Note 2 Samuel 7:8-16
  • #165 Note 1 Kings 8:56-61
  • #166 Note 1 Kings 8:56-61
  • #167 Note 1 Kings 8:56-61
  • #168 Note 1 Kings 8:56-61
  • #169 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #170 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #171 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #172 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #173 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #174 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #175 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #176 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #177 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #178 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #179 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #180 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #181 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #182 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #183 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #184 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #185 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #186 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #187 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #188 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #189 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #190 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #191 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #192 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #193 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #194 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #195 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #196 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #197 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #198 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #199 Ephraim in green, centre Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)
  • #233 4. The kingdom revealed through prophets: Prophetic era: I Kings 12 / 2 Chronicles 10 – Malachi †† Key passage: 2 Kings 17:7–18 Groups of prophets - ‘company of the prophets’ 2 Kings 4:1; 6:1 ≈≈ Ecstatic behaviour (1 Samuel 10:9–12) ≈≈ Consulted by kings – Ahab 1 Kings 22:6–8 ≈≈ Not always true (Ezekiel 13:1–7; Jeremiah 23:9–40; Hos. 4:5; Amos 7:12–13) Called people to repent – 2 Kings 17:13 cf Jeremiah 3:1–4:4
  • #234 Prophets (nabi) called (to call=nabu) by God, not acting on own authority (Jer 14:14) Unoriginal message
  • #235 Prophets (nabi) called (to call=nabu) by God, not acting on own authority (Jer 14:14) Unoriginal message
  • #236 Amos 4:13 – ‘He formed the mountains and created the wind. he reveals his plans to men’ Jeremiah speaking for God: 26:16; 27:2–4, 11; 43:1 cf 28:15–16. Special place in nation (prophetic immunity) - challenging all levels of society, installing/deposing kings (1 Ki 19:16; 21:17–22), declaring war (2 Ki 3:18; Hos 5:5–8), stating correct foreign policy Jer 27:8–22. cf Jeremiah 1:10
  • #237 Amos 4:13 – ‘He formed the mountains and created the wind. he reveals his plans to men’ Jeremiah speaking for God: 26:16; 27:2–4, 11; 43:1 cf 28:15–16. Special place in nation (prophetic immunity) - challenging all levels of society, installing/deposing kings (1 Ki 19:16; 21:17–22), declaring war (2 Ki 3:18; Hos 5:5–8), stating correct foreign policy Jer 27:8–22. cf Jeremiah 1:10
  • #238 Amos 4:13 – ‘He formed the mountains and created the wind. he reveals his plans to men’ Jeremiah speaking for God: 26:16; 27:2–4, 11; 43:1 cf 28:15–16. Special place in nation (prophetic immunity) - challenging all levels of society, installing/deposing kings (1 Ki 19:16; 21:17–22), declaring war (2 Ki 3:18; Hos 5:5–8), stating correct foreign policy Jer 27:8–22. cf Jeremiah 1:10
  • #239 The prophet speaks God’s words
  • #240 If God is the source, words and lifestyle of prophet must be consistent
  • #242 Not what greatest prophet Moses was primarily doing
  • #243 Prophets addressed their contemporaries. Ezekiel 3:17 Note specific dates of many oracles Danger of false contrast between present and future
  • #253 Testament = covenant; OT is first stage of revelation; NT sees OT as pointing forward to its fulfilment in 2nd stage of revelation; anticipates 3rd stage in return of Christ
  • #254 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #255 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #256 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #257 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #258 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #259 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #260 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #261 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #262 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #263 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #264 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #265 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #266 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #267 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #268 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #269 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #270 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #271 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #272 Structure comes from Septuagint but plays key part is shaping Xn theological reading of OT Wisdom concerns ‘timeless present’ (Sweeney); Prophets: fall+restoration pointing to Christ Equivalent structure in NT
  • #292 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #293 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #294 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #295 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #296 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #297 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #298 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #299 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #300 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #301 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #302 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #303 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #304 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #305 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #306 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #307 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #308 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #309 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #310 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #311 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #312 Torah = instruction, not law No NT because revelation through Moses is still the operative covenant
  • #313 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #314 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #315 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #316 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #317 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #318 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #319 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #320 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #321 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #322 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #323 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #324 Former prophets: history from entry to exile; theological reasons for destruction of Israel/Judah; Latter prophets: failure to live by Torah & possibility of restoration; POINT TO WRITINGS not new revelation. Ketuvim concerned with holy life of Israel wrt temple and creation
  • #325 1 Sam 3:1 – In those days the word of the LORD was rare; there were not many visions. ≈≈ 1 Sam 3:7 – Now Samuel did not yet know the LORD: The word of the LORD had not yet been revealed to him. ≈≈ 1 Sam 15:10 – Then the word of the LORD came to Samuel . . . Elijah: See 1 Kings 17: 2, 8, 14, 24 – centrality of the Word from here onAMos 3:7 Indeed, the Sovereign Lord never does anything until he reveals his plans to his servants the prophets.
  • #326 Enforcers of the covenant; Guard dogs of the covenant Recalled people to repentance, obedience, covenant faithfulness, God’s word
  • #327 Enforcers of the covenant; Guard dogs of the covenant Recalled people to repentance, obedience, covenant faithfulness, God’s word
  • #328 Amos 4:12 (‘Prepare to meet your God’); Isaiah 3:1-9; 39:1-8; Habakkuk 1:5-17Judgment inevitable if people will not turn - logical extension of presentCriticisms of social/political life come from emphasis on holiness of God’s character Same categories as in covenant curses - 10 ‘D’s
  • #329 Some prophets had explicit message of hope if nation turned Same categories as covenant blessings: Life, Health, Abundance, Prosperity, Security, Respect (eg Amos 9:11–15) Mostly curse until 587; then reverting to original plan of mercy
  • #338 Future expectation is very important in the Old Testament; Much is unfulfilled at the end. <2% is messianic; <5% ref. to new covenant; <1% ref. to still-future events NT stresses fulfilment of OT expectations and promises; NT is based on the OT The big themes are the bridge from their situation to ours
  • #339 Future expectation is very important in the Old Testament; Much is unfulfilled at the end. <2% is messianic; <5% ref. to new covenant; <1% ref. to still-future events NT stresses fulfilment of OT expectations and promises; NT is based on the OT The big themes are the bridge from their situation to ours
  • #340 Future expectation is very important in the Old Testament; Much is unfulfilled at the end. <2% is messianic; <5% ref. to new covenant; <1% ref. to still-future events NT stresses fulfilment of OT expectations and promises; NT is based on the OT The big themes are the bridge from their situation to ours