4th year B.Sc Nsg-Nursing Management introduction to Nursing Research and publication

1. INTRODUCTION TO NURSING RESEARCH

2. Re-search------- Re - Again & Again.
Search - Finding out some thing new.
Research seeks answers to questions in an orderly and
systematic way
It is a method of problem solving

3. DEFINITION OF RESEARCH
Research is an organized investigation of a problem.
Research is a problem solving process, a systematic,
intensive study directed towards full, scientific knowledge
of the subject studied. (French Ruth)
Research is a process which systematically searches for
new facts and relationship . (Notter)

4. STEPS IN RESEARCH
 Step 1: Identify the Problem
 Step 2: Review the Literature
 Step 3: Clarify the Problem
 Step 4: Clearly Define Terms and Concepts
 Step 5: Define the Population
 Step 6: Develop the Instrumentation Plan
 Step 7: Collect Data
 Step 8: Analyze the Data

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
Directed towards the solution of a problem
Emphasize the development of generalizations of principles or
theories
Based upon observable experience or empirical evidence
Demands accurate observation & descriptions.
Involves gathering new data from first hand source or existing
data for a new purpose.
Carefully designed
Requires expertise

6. R – rational ways of thinking
E – expert and exhaustive treatment
S – search for solutions
E – exactness
A – analytical analysis of adequate data
R – relationships between facts and theories
C – constructive attitude/critical observation/careful recording
H – honesty and hard work in all aspects of the treatment of the
data

7. NURSING RESEARCH
Nursing Research is concerned with systematic study and
assessment of nursing problems or phenomena, finding ways
to improve nursing practice and patient care through creative
studies, initiating and evaluating change and taking actions
to make new knowledge useful in nursing.

8. IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH IN NURSING
Validation as a profession
Scientific basis for practice(research in nursing, nursing research)
Accountability
Improvement in nursing care
Identifying role of nurse in changing society
Discovering new measures for nursing practice
Helps to take prompt decisions
Improves standard of nursing care
Refining existing theories and discovering new theories

9. PURPOSES OF NURSING RESEARCH
Identification:
To clearly identify phenomena about which little is known.
Description:
In a descriptive study, researchers Observe, count, Describe &
classify the phenomena
eg. stress & coping, pain management, adaptation process, health
beliefs, time pattern of temperature findings etc.

10.  exploration
 Investigate full nature of phenomena about which little is known rather just
observing or describing
 Explanation :
 Offer understanding of underlying causes of phenomenon.
 Explain on how or why phenomenon exists.
 Prediction & control:
 To make predictions & control phenomenon.
 Can control phenomena in absence of complete understanding
 E.g: Downs Syndrome in infants increases with increased age of the
mother( can control by educating)

11. ROLE OF NURSE IN RESEARCH
Advocate of client or respondents during study
Major/ principal Investigator
Evaluator of a research findings
Research problem identifier
Informants / respondents / subjects / participants or sample
population
Consumer of research findings
Associate or member of research team

12. PUBLICATIONS:JOURNALS AND NEWSPAPER

13. Publication means the act of publishing or it
means any writing of which copies are published
or in any website
OR
It is the distribution of copies to the general
public with the consent of the author

14. TYPES OF JOURNALS
 Open access:
 Open access journals are scholarly and are available to readers without any
financial barriers other than access to the internet. Some are subsidized and some
require payment of behalf of the author
 Public journal
 Public journal (official gazette, official journal, or official diary) is the daily record
of the work of an official public organization, especially of legislatures of countries
and/or its administrative divisions.
 Business journal
 A journal is a detailed account that records all the financial transactions of a
business, to be used for the future reconciling of accounts and the transfer of
information to other official accounting records

15. TYPES OF JOURNALS
 Academic/Scholarly Journals
 To inform, report, and make available original research and new findings.
 Often devoted to a single discipline or subdiscipline.
 Mainly held in libraries or on subscription-based databases - few are freely available
on the WWW.
 Eg:Australian Journal of Psychology
 Trade Journals
 To report on industry trends, new products or techniques to people in a specific trade,
business or profession.
 Cover practical information related to a field or industry.
 Mainly held in libraries or on subscription-based databases. Commonly available as
part of professional / trade association membership.
 Eg:Nursing Times

16.  Current Affairs/Opinion Magazines
 To offer in-depth reporting and feature articles without scholarly conventions
 Cover a wide range of topics of interest to the readership.
 Many titles available from major newsagents, public libraries and some
university libraries
Eg:Bulletin (Sydney) ,Current Affairs Bulletin
 Newspapers
 To disseminate news on a daily or weekly basis.
 Encompass current events in politics, sport, leisure, religion and business
 Available in newsagents.

17. GUIDELINES FOR WRITING JOURNALS
 The article should be original, hold not have been published nor sent for any publication
elsewhere.
 The heading of the article must be typed along with the authors name and official title
which are meant for publication
 Each page of the article should be properly numbered
 The article should not be too long .it should not contain more than 3000words
 Edit the article and reduce it to requisite length before sending for publication
 Send only one article at a time, a subsequent article should be sent only after the earlier
article has been published
 The person sending the abstract must give the name of her guide if she is a student and the
study must forwarded by the principal
 The research abstract must be submitted in not more than 200 words

18. RESEARCH ARTICLE
Original qualitative research papers are
published under this section. The maximum
word limit for research article is 3000
words(including reference and abstract).The
abstract has to be structured and should not
exceed 200 words

19. FORMAT OF RESEARCH ARTICLE
Introduction
Statement of problem
Objectives
Background of the study
Relevant literature review
Methodology
Findings in detail
discussion