The document is a presentation by Vivek Kurmi about the Linux Install Fest-2012 event on October 16th, 2012. It provides an introduction to Linux, discussing that it is free and open source, runs on multiple hardware platforms, and has many flavors due to its open source nature. It covers the history of Linux from UNIX to GNU to Linux's creation in 1991. It also highlights advantages of Linux and examples of organizations that use Linux.

1. An Introduction to Linux
Vivek kurmi
+91-9008744609
Kurmi.vivek@gmail.com
Linux User Group,Manipal
Install Fest-2012
16th october,2012
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2. What is Linux?
What is Linux?
● Linux is Free and Open Source.
● It is a UNIX like multi-
user,multitasking operating system
with the X Windows GUI,which can
work on multiple hardware platform.
● Since Linux is free and Open
Source, there are many flavours to
linux.
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3. Open Source!
Open Source!
● Owners of Proprietary Software's closely guard
their Source code, and thus cannot be modified by
anyone except them.
● On the contrary Open Source software's means,
the source code of the software is OPEN to
general public.
● Programmers can read,redistribute, and modify
the source for a piece of software.People adapt it,
improve it and fix bugs.And this can happen at a
speed that,compared to conventional software
development, seems astonishing.
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4. Free Software
Free Software
● The term Free is in the sense, freedom to
copy and re-use the software source, rather
than to the price of the software.
● To understand the concept, one should-
"think of free as in free speech, not as in
free beer".
● Though Open Source are mostly free of
cost there are few exceptions like
ZendStudio,houdini.
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5. History
History
● Linux is Unix-like Operating
System.
● The code of UNIX is not
copied,only the Operating
System Concepts are
properly incorporated.
● The development of Linux
started from scratch and
thus is just a Unix clone and
not freely available UNIX
copy.
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6. History-UNIX
History-UNIX
● In 1970’s AT&t Bell labs funded a project to create
a new Operating System and came up with UNIX.
● UNIX finally developed as a powerful Operating
System and quickly became very famous.
● It was first released in 1971 and was initially
entirely written in assembly language.Later,in
1973, Unix was re-written in the programming
language C by Dennis Ritchie.
● Soon after contribution from various
Universities AT&T licensed it and made it
proprietary making it unfit for teaching and
learning.
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7. History-GNU
History-GNU
● The GNU Project, started in 1983 by
Richard Stallman, had the goal of
creating a "complete Unix-
compatible software system"
composed entirely of free software.
● Work began in 1984. By the early
1990s, many of the programs
required in an operating system
(such as libraries, compilers, text
editors, a Unix shell, and a
windowing system) were completed,
although low-level elements such as
device drivers, daemons, and the
kernel were stalled and incomplete.
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8. History-MINIX
History-MINIX
● MINIX(from "mini-Unix") is a
Unix-like computer operating
system based on a microkernel
architecture created by Andrew
S. Tanenbaum for educational
purposes.
● MINIX was first released in 1987.
● MINIX inspired the creation of
the Linux kernel.
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9. History-LINUX
History-LINUX
● In April 1991, Linus Torvalds, a
21-year-old student at the
University of Helsinki, Finland
started working on some simple
ideas for an operating system.
● By September 1991, Linux
version 0.01 was released on the
FTP server of the Finnish
University and Research Network.
It had 10,239 lines of code.
● The X Window System was soon
ported to Linux. In March 1992,
Linux version 0.95 was the first to
be capable of running X.
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10. History-LINUX
History-LINUX
● On 14 March 1994, Linux 1.0.0
was released, with 176,250 lines
of code.
● Starting in 2004, the release
process changed and new
kernels started coming out on a
regular schedule every 2-3
months.
● As of 2012, the Linux 3.2 release
had 14,998,651 lines of code.
● As of January 4, 2011, it would
cost approximately 3 billion USD
(about 2.2 billion EUR) to
redevelop the Linux kernel.
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11. Why so many Linux flavours??
Why so many Linux flavours??
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12. Why so many Linux flavours??
Why so many Linux flavours??
● All Linux flavours are called Distros which are a
fancy term for distributions.
● Since its Free and Open Source people are
free to modify and release their own version
and copies.
● If you dont like you one distro you can freely
move to any other one which you like for e.g-
Open Suse, Mandriva, Slackware etc.
● Some popular linux distros are
Ubuntu,Kubuntu,Fedora,Mint,OpenSuse,
ArchLinux,RedHat.
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13. Advantages of Linux
Advantages of Linux
● Low Cost ● Compatibility
● Stability ● Fast and Easy
● Performance Installation
● Network Friendliness
● Full use of Hard Disk
● Flexibility
● Multitasking
● Security
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14. Who uses linux??
Who uses linux??
● Almost all Hackers rely on linux.
● Almost all Supercomputers runs on Linux.
● Amazon.com online retailer recently switched
entirely to Linux and saved 17 million Dollars.
● Google, the most popular search engine on the web,
runs on a cluster of over 1000 Linux servers.
● Wikipedia runs on linux since its birth and has
shifted to Ubuntu since 2008.
● NYSE runs on linux.
● Life Insurance Corporation of India switched entirely
to linux.
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15. Linux on multiple hardware platforms
Linux on multiple hardware platforms
● While not originally designed to be
portable,Linux is now one of the most widely
ported operating system kernels, running on a
diverse range of systems from the ARM
architecture to the massive mainframe server.
● Some operating systems developed for mobile
phones use modified versions of the Linux
kernel, including Google Android, HP webOS,
and Nokia Maemo.
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16. Thank You!!!
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