Manavala Clinic Centre in Yercaud Salem is a renowned clinic founded by Dr. Arun Manavala to provide psychological support and therapeutic services. The clinic offers a serene environment and compassionate care to help clients with inner healing and personal growth. The presentation discussed organic amnesic syndrome caused by brain damage, where patients have difficulties remembering recent events but some learning abilities are spared. It also presented a case study of a 41-year old unemployed man referred for neuropsychological assessment who was experiencing memory issues, anger, and forgetting details from 3 years ago. The goals of treatment discussed were pharmacological interventions, psychotherapy, and helping the patient accept their disability.
This topic is meant for the study purpose, for the final year undergraduate Physiotherapy students, who are studying under The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University (Govt University).
Mood disorder characterized by disturbance of mood. it includes mania or depressive syndrome. it includes definition, causes, sign and symptoms, treatment and nursing diagnosis etc.
This topic is meant for the study purpose, for the final year undergraduate Physiotherapy students, who are studying under The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University (Govt University).
Mood disorder characterized by disturbance of mood. it includes mania or depressive syndrome. it includes definition, causes, sign and symptoms, treatment and nursing diagnosis etc.
2-pages poster created by CCUB 3621 Sem 20/21 Section 208 Group 1 as a part of the Community Engagement Project (CEP). We have an aim to spread awareness by sharing the primary information on mental health which has been compiled from many outsides sources. All the information are credited to respective diligent owners.
Brain fag syndrome,hypochondriasis and conversion disorderDr.Emmanuel Godwin
Brain fag syndrome,hypochondriasis and conversion disorder are forms of somatoform disorder....This are disorders that present with Physical symptoms with an unexplained cause.
2
Running head: Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Classes of drugs used to treat schizophrenia
The most significant common medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia is antipsychotic medication. There are two types of drugs that are typical and atypical, both work to reduce the positive or negative effects of schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs are used to treat mental, emotional and psychosis conditions. Psychosis refers to the state in which an individual loses touch with reality; the individual starts having hallucinations or delusions.
To alleviate the problem antipsychotic drugs are used to regulate the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain.
Explain their action at the neurotransmitter system.
Schizophrenia is linked to changes in the activities of the neurotransmitter in some specific parts of the brain. Antipsychotic medication affects this neurotransmitter affecting their activity too. The medication acts by interfering with the chemical messengers and controlling or lessening the symptoms of the disorder like mood swings, hallucinations, and delusions. There are mainly two types of antipsychotic drugs that is typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs.
They work by altering dopamine and serotonin receptors. Typical antipsychotics or first generation psychotics were manufactured first in the 1950s. Its function is to block dopamine receptor known as a D2 receptor. Atypical antipsychotics or the second generation antipsychotics were introduced in the 1990s. Just like typical antipsychotic, they block D2 receptors as well as a serotonin receptor known as a 5-HT2A receptor.
Analyze and describe the agonist-antagonist activity of the drugs and the receptor types and subtypes involved in the disorder.
Partial agonists have a lower rate of activity than full agonists at the receptors. This allows them to function as either a functional agonist or functional antagonist depending on the levels of the neurotransmitter (full agonist). If a neurotransmitter is not present partial agonist display a functional antagonist activity. This is as a result of receptor binding reducing any response with the neurotransmitter.
Partial agonist in dopamine D2 receptors is an alternative option when treating schizophrenia. It acts as a functional antagonist mesolimbic dopamine pathway, and the excessive dopamine activity causes positive symptoms. However, reduced dopamine activity in the mesocortical pathway causes cognitive impairment and negative symptoms.
Elaborate on the receptor agonist-antagonist actions of the drugs and describe the most common side effects seen with these drugs.
Inhibition of dopamine function is the most common feature of antipsychotic drugs. D4 receptor activation in moderate levels helps antipsychotic agents protect the brain from negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. D2 and D3 receptors help improve positive symptoms of schizophrenia but are not successful in countering negative and cognitiv.
Mood disorders, also known as affective disorders, are a category of mental health conditions characterized by significant changes in mood that affect a person's daily functioning, emotions, and overall quality of life. There are several types of mood disorders, with the most common being depression and bipolar disorder. this ppt contains mood disorders which is useful for the students of Basic B.Sc. Nursing.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
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2-pages poster created by CCUB 3621 Sem 20/21 Section 208 Group 1 as a part of the Community Engagement Project (CEP). We have an aim to spread awareness by sharing the primary information on mental health which has been compiled from many outsides sources. All the information are credited to respective diligent owners.
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Brain fag syndrome,hypochondriasis and conversion disorder are forms of somatoform disorder....This are disorders that present with Physical symptoms with an unexplained cause.
2
Running head: Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Classes of drugs used to treat schizophrenia
The most significant common medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia is antipsychotic medication. There are two types of drugs that are typical and atypical, both work to reduce the positive or negative effects of schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs are used to treat mental, emotional and psychosis conditions. Psychosis refers to the state in which an individual loses touch with reality; the individual starts having hallucinations or delusions.
To alleviate the problem antipsychotic drugs are used to regulate the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain.
Explain their action at the neurotransmitter system.
Schizophrenia is linked to changes in the activities of the neurotransmitter in some specific parts of the brain. Antipsychotic medication affects this neurotransmitter affecting their activity too. The medication acts by interfering with the chemical messengers and controlling or lessening the symptoms of the disorder like mood swings, hallucinations, and delusions. There are mainly two types of antipsychotic drugs that is typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs.
They work by altering dopamine and serotonin receptors. Typical antipsychotics or first generation psychotics were manufactured first in the 1950s. Its function is to block dopamine receptor known as a D2 receptor. Atypical antipsychotics or the second generation antipsychotics were introduced in the 1990s. Just like typical antipsychotic, they block D2 receptors as well as a serotonin receptor known as a 5-HT2A receptor.
Analyze and describe the agonist-antagonist activity of the drugs and the receptor types and subtypes involved in the disorder.
Partial agonists have a lower rate of activity than full agonists at the receptors. This allows them to function as either a functional agonist or functional antagonist depending on the levels of the neurotransmitter (full agonist). If a neurotransmitter is not present partial agonist display a functional antagonist activity. This is as a result of receptor binding reducing any response with the neurotransmitter.
Partial agonist in dopamine D2 receptors is an alternative option when treating schizophrenia. It acts as a functional antagonist mesolimbic dopamine pathway, and the excessive dopamine activity causes positive symptoms. However, reduced dopamine activity in the mesocortical pathway causes cognitive impairment and negative symptoms.
Elaborate on the receptor agonist-antagonist actions of the drugs and describe the most common side effects seen with these drugs.
Inhibition of dopamine function is the most common feature of antipsychotic drugs. D4 receptor activation in moderate levels helps antipsychotic agents protect the brain from negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. D2 and D3 receptors help improve positive symptoms of schizophrenia but are not successful in countering negative and cognitiv.
Mood disorders, also known as affective disorders, are a category of mental health conditions characterized by significant changes in mood that affect a person's daily functioning, emotions, and overall quality of life. There are several types of mood disorders, with the most common being depression and bipolar disorder. this ppt contains mood disorders which is useful for the students of Basic B.Sc. Nursing.
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2. Introduction to the place of internship
Nestled in the heart of Yercaud Salem, Manavala Clinic Centre is a renowned haven dedicated
to nurturing mental well-being and fostering emotional growth. Founded by the esteemed
psychologist, Dr. Arun Manavala, the clinic has been a cornerstone of psychological support for
the local community, offering a comprehensive range of the rapeutic services tailored to meet
diverse individual needs. With its serene ambiance and a team of compassionate experts,
Manavala Clinic Centre is committed to providing as a fees and empathetic space where clients
can embarkontheirjourneytowards inner healing and personal transformation.
5. Introduction to Organic amnesic syndrome not induced by alcohol
and other psychoactive substances
Organic amnesia is a selective impairment of memory that occurs as a
consequence of various types of brain damage. Although amnesic
patients typically have severe difficulties remembering recent events
and acquiring new information, it has been demonstrated that some
of their learning abilities are spared.
6. Name: Mr. N.S
Age and gender: 41/Male
Education: 10th Standard
Occupation: Currently Unemployed
Marital status: Married
Religion: Hindu
Reason for referral: Neuropsychological assessment
Socio-economic status: middle class
Language: Tamil
Informant: Wife and father
Information: Reliable and adequate
Socio Demographic Details
7. Chief complaints:-
Anger outburst with little provocation - 4 months
Memory Disturbance
Not able to identify the name of the objects
3 years to 10 months
Forgets what he had for the breakfast and dinner
Forgets whatever he says to others and also what others
spoke to him within a few minutes.
Forgets the general facts
Forgets the past events that occur before the accident
8. Treatment Goals:
Pharmacotherapy
Cholinergic neurotransmitter modifying agents, such as acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors, Non-cholinergic neurotransmitters/neuropeptide modifying
agents, other pharmacological agents is mostly prescribed for major
neurocognitive disorder.
Educational psychotherapy and supportive psychotherapy for patients and
families are usually necessary for clear understanding and proper
management of the disorder and to maintain a better quality of life for
everyone involved. A psychodynamic assessment of defective ego functions
and cognitive limitations can also be useful. Therapist can help patient to
accept the extent of their disability and find ways to deal with the defective
ego functions, such as keeping calendars for orientation problems, making
schedules to structure activities and taking notes for memory problems.
9. Paranoid schizophrenia was once a subtype of this condition
because paranoia commonly happens with schizophrenia. Paranoia
is a pattern of behavior where a person feels distrustful and
suspicious of other people and acts accordingly. Delusions and
hallucinations are the two symptoms that can involve paranoia.
Paranoid schizophrenia
10. SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS
Name : Mr. B
Age : 32 years
Sex : Male
Education : Diploma in fire and safety engineering.
Language : Malayalam
Socio economic status : Middle class
Place : Chennai
Referred for : Psychological assessment
Informant : Mother and Father
Information : Reliable and adequate
11. CHIEF COMPLAINTS:
Hearing voices
Frequent irritability
Anger outburst
Abusive and assaultive behavior towards family members
Wandering from home
Suspicious of his wife fidelity
Not going to the job properly
12. .Treatment Goals:
Psycho education
Psycho education is given by addressing the caregivers through
explanation of the condition and the way to help the patient and also,
to help the patient understand his/her illness condition.
Pharmacotherapy
Antipsychotic drugs, such as risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine,
aripiprazole, and ziprasidone, are more commonly used. Clinical trials
have shown that clozapine is effective in about 30% of patients who
had no beneficial response to other antipsychotics
13. INTRODUCTION TO POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER:
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that
manifests in individuals who have experienced traumatic events.
14. 1.Socio - Demographic Details
Name : RB
Age : 17 Years
Sex : Male
Religion : Hindu
Education : 11th Standard
Language Known : Tamil
Occupation : Student
Socioeconomic Status : Middle Class
Referral : Self
15. Chief Complaints
The patient's chief complaints revolve around a deep sense of being
unloved and unaccepted. They express feelings of inadequacy and
failure, believing that they do not meet the expectations of others.
This sense of rejection and lack of belonging has led to a significant
emotional burden. The patient describes a profound uncertainty
about their future and a struggle to find purpose and direction in life.
These complaints are accompanied by a persistent feeling of being
lost and overwhelmed, resulting in a sense of helplessness and a lack
of confidence in their abilities
16. Treatment Goals
Individual Therapy: Implement trauma-focused therapy, such as
Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) or Eye Movement Desensitization
and Reprocessing (EMDR), to address the client's traumatic
experiences and associated symptoms of PTSD. Work on processing
the traumatic memories, challenging negative beliefs, and developing
coping strategies.
Psychoeducation: Provide psychoeducation to the client about PTSD,
its symptoms, and coping strategies. Help the client understand the
nature of trauma and its impact on psychological well-being.