The document provides information about Divyanshu Kumar, their class and roll number, and the topic of Internet & Services. It then summarizes the history of the development of the Internet from the 1960s research through its commercialization. Key events included the creation of ARPANET and contributions from Vinton Cerf. The document outlines several common internet services like email, the World Wide Web, FTP, chat rooms, mailing lists, instant messaging, and newsgroups. It provides brief descriptions and examples of popular websites for email providers, search engines, and other internet tools and applications.

1. NAME : Divyanshu Kumar
CLASS : X-B
ROLL NO. : 8
TOPIC : Internet & Services

2. 1.Whatistheinternet?
TheInternetisaglobalsystemofinterconnectedcomputernetworksthatusethe
(TCP/IP) toservebillionsofusersworldwide.Itisa networkofnetworksthat
academic,business,andgovernmentnetworks, of localtoglobalscope,thatare
wirelessandopticalnetworkingtechnologies.TheInternetcarriesanextensive
services,suchastheinter-linkedhypertextdocumentsof theWorldWideWeb
email.

3. The origins of the Internet reach back to research of the 1960s, commissioned by the United
States government in collaboration with private commercial interests to build robust, fault-
tolerant, and distributed computer networks. The funding of a new U.S. backbone by the
National Science Foundation in the 1980s, as well as private funding for other commercial
backbones, led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies,
and the merger of many networks.
Thelargestnetworkofthenetworksiscalledtheinternet.

4. Brief history of the internet
1. ARPA – Advanced Research Project Agency.
2. 1969 January 2 – started an experimental Computer Network.
3. Concept – No Server, but equal importance/participation to every computer in the Network.
4.Even if, one or two node destroyed that will not affect the Network.

5. Vinton Cerf
1. Father of Internet
2. Co-designer of the TCP/IP networking protocol.

6. How to connect the internet?
First named as ARPANET
This is renamed as INTERNET

8. Services provided by the internet
1. Electronic Mail (e-mail)
2. World Wide Web
3. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
4. Chat Rooms
5. Mailing list
6. Instant Messaging
7. Chat
8. News Groups

9. Electronic Mail
Electronic mail, commonly known as email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more
recipients. Modern email operates across the Internet or other computer networks. Some early email systems required that the
author and the recipient both be online at the same time, in common with instant messaging. Today's email systems are based on a
store-and-forward model. Email servers accept, forward, deliver and store messages. Neither the users nor their computers are
required to be online simultaneously; they need connect only briefly, typically to an email server, for as long as it takes to send or
receive messages.
DifferentE-mailservicesprovider
1. Gmail
2. Hotmail
3. Yahoo
4. MSN

10. Snap shots of the E-mail services provider websites

11. World Wide Web (WWW)
1. Most important service provided by Internet.
2. An internet-based hypermedia initiative for global information sharing.
3. Developed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee of the European Particle Physics
Lab (CERN) in Switzerland.
Tim Berners-Lee
1. Father of WWW.
2.Invented WWW while working at
CERN, the European Particle
Physics Laboratory.

12. Search engines
For searching information on the Internet.
1. Google
2.Yahoo
3.AltaVista
4.Wikipedia
Snap shots of the search engines

13. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files
from one host to another host over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet. FTP
is built on a client-server architecture and uses separate control and data connections
between the client and the server. FTP users may authenticate themselves using a
clear-text sign-in protocol but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to
allow it.
The first FTP client applications were interactive command-line tools, implementing
standard commands and syntax. . Graphical user interface clients have since been
developed for many of the popular desktop operating systems in use today.

14. Chat Rooms
1. Real time typed conversation via computers.
2. Chat rooms ( the channel or medium ).
3. Chat clients ( program used to connect to a chat server )
Normally included on a browser
Freely downloaded from the web
Some are text only; others support voice & video

15. Mailinglist
1. Group of e-mail address given a single name.
2. When a message is sent to the mailing list everyone on the list
receive the message.
3. To add your name to a mailing list you must subscribe to it; to
remove your name you must unsubscribe.

16. Instant Messaging
1. Notifies you when one or more people are online allows exchange of messages and files.
2. It allows you to join a private chat rooms.

17. Chat
1.Real time conversation that
takes place on a computer
2.Chat room is location on
server that permits users
to discus topics of
interest
3.Some are the text only
others support voice and
video

18. News Groups
1. Online area in which users conduct written discussion about a particular
subject.
2. Usenet ( collection of all internet newsgroups ).
3. News server ( computer storing newsgroups msgs ).
4. Newsreader ( program used to access newsgroups ).

19. 1. Articals ( a previously entered message ).
2. Posting ( adding an article to the newspaper ).
3. Message board ( discussion board; easier to use ).
4. Blog ( short for the web log; regularly updated ).

20. THE END……