Protocols definitions and different models

1. Session 1Network models and protocols Presented by Muhammad A. Daif 3rd year CSED CCNA

6. Vendors Defined protocols Great ! What do you mean by Vendors defined protocols ? DEC’s DECnet IBM’s SNA

7. Appearance of Models standardized networking models. OSI reference model. TCP/IP. Protocol suit, protocol stack.

8. Layers and modularization.

14. Layering Benefits Less Complex. Standard Interfaces. Easier to learn. Easier to develop. Modular engineering.

15. OSI Reference model

16. OSI reference model Just a reference model … no real implementation 7 Layers model Tips : All People Seem To Need Data Processing Please Do Not Take Sales-People's Advice Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away Pew! Dead Ninja Turtles Smell Particularly Awful

17. OSI reference model Layer 1 – Physical Layer physical characteristics of the transmission medium. connectors, pins, use of pins, electrical currents, encoding, light modulation.

18. OSI reference model Layer 2 – Data Link Layer Defines the rules (protocols) that determine when a device can send data over a particular medium. detect transmission errors. Protocols used : X.25

19. OSI reference model Layer 3 – Network Layer Logical addressing Routing Path determination Protocol s : Connectionless Network Services (CLNS)

20. OSI reference model Layer 4 – Transport Layer Reliable data transfer Flow control Segmentation / De-segmentation Error control Protocols : TP0, TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4

21. OSI reference model Layer 5 – Session Layer defines how to start, control, and end conversations (called sessions). Full-duplex, Half-duplex. Graceful close.

24. Mail Transfer clients using X.400

27. TCP/IP The Internet model, supported by all OSes. 4 (may be 5) Layers .

28. TCP/IP

29. TCP/IP Network Access defines the protocols and hardware required to deliver data across some physical network. cabling, addressing, and protocols. Protocols : Ethernet, Frame Relay, ATM Devices used: Switches

30. TCP/IP Internet Layer Provides unique address for each computer. defines the process of routing. Protocols : IP (Internet Protocol) Devices used: Routers

31. TCP/IP Transport Layer Port Definition. Well Known Ports(0-1023) Registered Ports(1024 - 49151) Dynamic Ports (49151 – 65535) Protocols Used : TCP, UDP Features of TCP and UDP

32. TCP/IP Application Layer Provides services to the application software running on a computer. Does not define the application itself, but rather it defines services that applications need. Protocols used : HTTP,FTP, POP3, SMTP.

33. TCP/IP – Application

36. Encapsulation

37. Encapsulation

38. Encapsulation

39. Encapsulation

40. Thank you