11 April 2016 - ION Bangladesh - IPv6 in Asia: Laggards and Trends - Panelist Asela Galappattige from Sri Lanka Telecom presents on deployment strategies and experiences at Sri Lanka Telecom
APNIC Senior Advisor - Strategic Engagement Joyce Chen gives an update of IPv6 deployment in the region at APEC TEL 62, held online from 3 to 4 March 2021.
11 April 2016 - ION Bangladesh - IPv6 in Asia: Laggards and Trends - Panelist Asela Galappattige from Sri Lanka Telecom presents on deployment strategies and experiences at Sri Lanka Telecom
APNIC Senior Advisor - Strategic Engagement Joyce Chen gives an update of IPv6 deployment in the region at APEC TEL 62, held online from 3 to 4 March 2021.
ITU-APNIC collaboration on the transition from IPv4 to IPv6APNIC
APNIC Development Director Duncan Macintosh presented on the collaboration activities between the ITU and APNIC on IPv6 capacity development in developing economies at the ICTs for smart, sustainable Asia Pacific in Manila, from 6 to 7 June 2016.
TWNIC OPM and IPv6 Summit 2013 - IPv6 DeploymentAPNIC
George Kuo of APNIC presnted the highlights of global and regional economies IPv6 readiness, governments’ initiative in the Asia Pacific region, as well as the growth path of the Internet.
IPv6 campus transition: A Central Luzon State University case studyjournalBEEI
Internet connections still use IPv4 as the primary address protocol and it is now facing exhaustion. However, academic institutions specifically in the Philippines should devise steps to address the exhaustion of IPv4. In this paper, this is brought to light as we present the IPv4 to IPv6 campus transition techniques to address the issue. The experiment is carried out in Central Luzon State University and is assessed if the university is able to adopt the IPv6 transition in their campus network. Two IPv6 transition mechanisms were implemented and tested. As a general result, it has been found out, through testbeds, that the dual-stack transition mechanism is more suitable than 6 to 4 tunnel broker. The results have also shown that 6 to 4 tunnel broker was outperformed by dual-stack transition mechanism in all areas and presents better performance. Additionally, results also showed that IPv4 presents slight advantages in terms of network performance than IPv6 with a very small percentage in difference, and this does mean that migration to IPv6 is possible without performance detriments. Furthermore, the results also provide a proof of concept for the university especially in the Philippines to consider IPv6 for future migration within their campus network.
Lao Digital Week 2024: It's time to deploy IPv6APNIC
APNIC Development Director Che-Hoo Cheng presents on the importance of deploying IPv6 at the Lao Digital Week 2024, held in Vientiane, Lao PDR from 10 to 14 January 2024.
The Importance of adopting, implementing and following up IPv6 migration at a country/national Level. IPv6 preparedness is increasingly urgent and growth of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority pool for available IPv4 addresses is already exhausted.
The Presentation provide guidance of what the issues to consider when planning and monitoring an IPv6 migration managed by different stakeholders .
The issue of deploying IPv6 Technology has been a topic of debate for more than a decade now.
Professionals have been discussing on the transition from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPVv4) to Internet
Protocol version 6 (IPv6) due to the fact that the IPv4 address space would soon be exhausted.
In this paper, we analyse the IPv4 and IPv6 technologies and look at the benefits of migrating to IPv6,
its social implications, risks & challenges and the opportunities the IPv6 migration offers
IPv6 readiness among APEC TEL member economiesAPNIC
APNIC's External Relations Manager, Klée Aiken, presented an update of IPv6 end user readiness among APEC economies at APEC TEL 52, in Auckland, New Zealand.
ITU-APNIC collaboration on the transition from IPv4 to IPv6APNIC
APNIC Development Director Duncan Macintosh presented on the collaboration activities between the ITU and APNIC on IPv6 capacity development in developing economies at the ICTs for smart, sustainable Asia Pacific in Manila, from 6 to 7 June 2016.
TWNIC OPM and IPv6 Summit 2013 - IPv6 DeploymentAPNIC
George Kuo of APNIC presnted the highlights of global and regional economies IPv6 readiness, governments’ initiative in the Asia Pacific region, as well as the growth path of the Internet.
IPv6 campus transition: A Central Luzon State University case studyjournalBEEI
Internet connections still use IPv4 as the primary address protocol and it is now facing exhaustion. However, academic institutions specifically in the Philippines should devise steps to address the exhaustion of IPv4. In this paper, this is brought to light as we present the IPv4 to IPv6 campus transition techniques to address the issue. The experiment is carried out in Central Luzon State University and is assessed if the university is able to adopt the IPv6 transition in their campus network. Two IPv6 transition mechanisms were implemented and tested. As a general result, it has been found out, through testbeds, that the dual-stack transition mechanism is more suitable than 6 to 4 tunnel broker. The results have also shown that 6 to 4 tunnel broker was outperformed by dual-stack transition mechanism in all areas and presents better performance. Additionally, results also showed that IPv4 presents slight advantages in terms of network performance than IPv6 with a very small percentage in difference, and this does mean that migration to IPv6 is possible without performance detriments. Furthermore, the results also provide a proof of concept for the university especially in the Philippines to consider IPv6 for future migration within their campus network.
Lao Digital Week 2024: It's time to deploy IPv6APNIC
APNIC Development Director Che-Hoo Cheng presents on the importance of deploying IPv6 at the Lao Digital Week 2024, held in Vientiane, Lao PDR from 10 to 14 January 2024.
The Importance of adopting, implementing and following up IPv6 migration at a country/national Level. IPv6 preparedness is increasingly urgent and growth of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority pool for available IPv4 addresses is already exhausted.
The Presentation provide guidance of what the issues to consider when planning and monitoring an IPv6 migration managed by different stakeholders .
The issue of deploying IPv6 Technology has been a topic of debate for more than a decade now.
Professionals have been discussing on the transition from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPVv4) to Internet
Protocol version 6 (IPv6) due to the fact that the IPv4 address space would soon be exhausted.
In this paper, we analyse the IPv4 and IPv6 technologies and look at the benefits of migrating to IPv6,
its social implications, risks & challenges and the opportunities the IPv6 migration offers
IPv6 readiness among APEC TEL member economiesAPNIC
APNIC's External Relations Manager, Klée Aiken, presented an update of IPv6 end user readiness among APEC economies at APEC TEL 52, in Auckland, New Zealand.
The ICANN Fellowship Interaction and Meetup Program is organized by Rayznews, and Learn Internet Governance (Learn IG) with support from the ICANN APAC Hub. This unique opportunity aims to enhance your understanding of the ICANN Fellowship Program's basic nature and process.
The ICANN Fellowship Program is designed to support individuals from various regions and backgrounds who have a keen interest in participating in the ICANN community. As an ICANN Fellow, you will gain valuable insights into the multistakeholder model of Internet governance and contribute to the development of policies that shape the future of the Internet.
Program Details:
Date: Thursday, July 20, 2023
Time: 8 UTC
The ICANN Fellowship Program is designed to support individuals from various regions and backgrounds who have a keen interest in participating in the ICANN community. As an ICANN Fellow, you will gain valuable insights into the multistakeholder model of Internet governance and contribute to the development of policies that shape the future of the Internet.
Comments and suggestion on Zero-Draft-Public-Consultations-FOC-Donor-Principl...Shreedeep Rayamajhi
Comments and suggestion on Zero-Draft-Public-Consultations-FOC-Donor-Principles-for-Human-Rights-in-the-Digital-Age by Shreedeep Rayamajhi.
Call for Submissions to the FOC 'Donor Principles for Human Rights in the Digital Age'
In 2023, under the United States’ Chairship of the Freedom Online Coalition (FOC) and in line with the activities outlined in the 2023 Program of Action, the FOC aims to increase ties between FOC multilateral policy development and country-level development activities. In pursuit of this effort, the United States and Canada have revitalised the FOC Funding Coordination Group (FCG) - a multinational and multistakeholder coordination, strategic planning, and global norms setting mechanism focused on bridging foreign policymaking and international development.
Recognising the need for a clear normative framework to guide donors to help ensure that foreign assistance in the digital space advances, rather than undermines, democratic values and respect for human rights, the ‘Donor Principles for Human Rights in the Digital Age’ will fill this gap by establishing the normative basis for foreign assistance in the digital realm.
Shreedeep Rayamajhi Presentation on Survey Report on Disinformation and its P...Shreedeep Rayamajhi
A presentation for Reshaping the Global Landscape 2022
2nd International research Conference Southville International school and colleges
Presentation on Survey Report on Disinformation and its Practice during COVID19 in Developing Countries by Shreeedeep Rayamajhi
This 7-second Brain Wave Ritual Attracts Money To You.!nirahealhty
Discover the power of a simple 7-second brain wave ritual that can attract wealth and abundance into your life. By tapping into specific brain frequencies, this technique helps you manifest financial success effortlessly. Ready to transform your financial future? Try this powerful ritual and start attracting money today!
# Internet Security: Safeguarding Your Digital World
In the contemporary digital age, the internet is a cornerstone of our daily lives. It connects us to vast amounts of information, provides platforms for communication, enables commerce, and offers endless entertainment. However, with these conveniences come significant security challenges. Internet security is essential to protect our digital identities, sensitive data, and overall online experience. This comprehensive guide explores the multifaceted world of internet security, providing insights into its importance, common threats, and effective strategies to safeguard your digital world.
## Understanding Internet Security
Internet security encompasses the measures and protocols used to protect information, devices, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage. It involves a wide range of practices designed to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Effective internet security is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments alike, as cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and scale.
### Key Components of Internet Security
1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to access it.
2. **Integrity**: Protecting information from being altered or tampered with by unauthorized parties.
3. **Availability**: Ensuring that authorized users have reliable access to information and resources when needed.
## Common Internet Security Threats
Cyber threats are numerous and constantly evolving. Understanding these threats is the first step in protecting against them. Some of the most common internet security threats include:
### Malware
Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a device, network, or service. Common types of malware include:
- **Viruses**: Programs that attach themselves to legitimate software and replicate, spreading to other programs and files.
- **Worms**: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers.
- **Trojan Horses**: Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.
- **Ransomware**: Malware that encrypts a user's files and demands a ransom for the decryption key.
- **Spyware**: Software that secretly monitors and collects user information.
### Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that aims to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. Attackers often masquerade as trusted entities in email or other communication channels, tricking victims into providing their information.
### Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
MitM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties without their knowledge. This can lead to the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive information.
### Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks
1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and GuidelinesSanjeev Rampal
Talk presented at Kubernetes Community Day, New York, May 2024.
Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
APNIC Foundation, presented by Ellisha Heppner at the PNG DNS Forum 2024APNIC
Ellisha Heppner, Grant Management Lead, presented an update on APNIC Foundation to the PNG DNS Forum held from 6 to 10 May, 2024 in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Internet Ecosystem and challenges of IPV6 in Nepal by Shreedeep Rayamajhi.pdf
1. Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6
in Nepal
“Internet Protocol addresses, or IP addresses, are a core part of how the Internet operates. Every
device needs an IP address to connect to the Internet and communicate with other computers,
networks and devices. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the next generation of the Internet protocol.
It was developed to succeed version 4 (IPv4) as IPv4 addresses have almost run out globally. While
there are only 3.7 billion unique IPv4 addresses available for use on the Internet ISP, the theoretical
IPv6 address pool size is 340 trillion trillion trillion addresses. IPv6 addresses comprise 128 bits and
they are usually shown as sequences of hexadecimal digits, separated by a colon character.”1
With the growth of the internet and technology, the accessibility and usage of the internet have
grown tremendously, which has triggered the need for better operability and measurability for a
better quality and standard of connection and network. At the grassroots level, there is still confusion
and a lag in the adoption of IPV6. Though Nepal stands in third place in IPV6 deployment in South
Asia, most of the bigger investment organizations are adopting the technology, while the majority of
the industry is still stalled by the limitations and complexity of IPV4.
The progressive adoption rate of IPv6 in Nepal poses several obstacles that have yet to be overcome at
the local level. One of the major challenges is the extensive network upgrades required to facilitate
IPv6 standards, necessitating a considerable allocation of funds towards infrastructure investments.
Some of the challenges of IPV6 in Nepal are
1 https://www.apnic.net/community/ipv6/
Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6 in Nepal by Shreedeep Rayamajhi
2. Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6
in Nepal
1. Limited IPv6 infrastructure: Nepal has limited infrastructure and support in the context of
IPv6, including local level routers, switches, and other networking equipment that is
compatible with IPv6 at the local level. This requires a high level of research and investment in
upgrading or replacing existing network infrastructure to support IPv6. The reality is, there has
been no major investment made by the government of Nepal in facilitating the industry.
2. Lack of IPv6 awareness and expertise: The major setback when talking about the
implementation of IPV6 is the lack of awareness about the implementation and advantages of
IPV6. There is a huge gap between awareness and expertise among network administrators
and IT professionals in Nepal about IPv6, its features, and its deployment. This may require
training and capacity building initiatives to equip people with the necessary skills to implement
IPv6.
3. Legacy systems and applications: Though there has been a progressive approach by a few of
the Internet Service Provider (ISP) organizations in rolling out IPV6, a major part of the industry
is still struggling with the localization of IPV6. Nepal, like many other countries in South Asia,
has been using legacy systems and applications that are not compatible with IPv6. The
upgrading or replacing of these systems and applications for the adoption of IPv6 may be time-
consuming and costly.
4. Coordination and collaboration among stakeholders: IPv6 deployment and operation require
commitment, coordination, and collaboration among various stakeholders, including Internet
service providers (ISPs), government agencies, network operators, and content providers. The
adoption process not only requires a proper channel but also a a collaborative policy
mechanism. Ensuring effective coordination and collaboration among these stakeholders in
Nepal may be a challenge.
5. Economic considerations: The major setback is the cost of implementing IPv6 in lower
economies. This may include upgrading infrastructure, training personnel, and addressing
legacy systems. Looking at the trend, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs) and other organizations with limited resources, it has been a bigger challenge to
survive in the competition. The government's role and responsibility are huge in facilitating the
process and further working with the different stakeholders to create better opportunities for
all.
6. User adoption: There are bigger gaps in understanding the use and deployment of IPV6 at the
local level. Encouraging end users to adopt IPv6 may be a challenge, as it requires them to
Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6 in Nepal by Shreedeep Rayamajhi
3. Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6
in Nepal
upgrade their devices, applications, and network configurations. Educating and motivating end
users to adopt IPv6 may require awareness campaigns and incentives.
7. Policy and regulatory issues: Till date, there is no policy or we lack major documentation of
the IPV6 deployment process in Nepal. The Nepal Government needs to establish policies and
regulations that mandate or encourage IPv6 adoption, including addressing issues such as IPv4
address exhaustion, IPv6 address allocation, and IPv6 security. These issues are core technical
and further require normalization and adaptation. Developing and implementing appropriate
policies and regulations may require coordination among government agencies and other
stakeholders.
8. Interoperability and compatibility: Nepal is trying to create better facilitation for
interoperability and compatibility between IPv6 and IPv4 networks. This has created a
vulnerability during the transition period, which can be a major challenge in Nepal.
Implementing mechanisms such as dual-stack or tunneling solutions has been used for
ensuring smooth interoperability but has been a major challenge in the absence of expertise.
9. International connectivity: Nepal's reliance on international connectivity for internet access
may pose challenges to IPv6 adoption. Ensuring that international providers and transit
networks support IPv6 and provide connectivity may require negotiations and agreements at
the international level.
10. Awareness and education: Raising awareness among end users, businesses, and the general
public about the benefits and importance of IPv6 may be a challenge in Nepal. Educating
stakeholders about IPv6 and its implications may require awareness campaigns, workshops,
and training programs.
To address all of these challenges, the Nepal Government needs to invest in IPv6 infrastructure and
raise awareness among stakeholders about the benefits and importance of adopting IPv6. This can be
done through public-private partnerships, and collaboration with international organizations that have
experience implementing IPv6. With the right investment and policies, Nepal can overcome the
challenges of IPv6 adoption and build a more robust and resilient internet ecosystem. Addressing
these challenges would require a coordinated effort among various stakeholders, including
government agencies, ISPs, network operators, content providers, and end users.
Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6 in Nepal by Shreedeep Rayamajhi
4. Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6
in Nepal
Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6 in Nepal by Shreedeep Rayamajhi
5. Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6
in Nepal
Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6 in Nepal by Shreedeep Rayamajhi
6. Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6
in Nepal
Internet Ecosystem and Challenges of IPV6 in Nepal by Shreedeep Rayamajhi