This study assessed the cognitive capabilities of 120 male and female adolescents aged 10-13 years in Lucknow, India. Cognitive tests were administered to measure capabilities in areas like combinatorial thinking, class inclusion, proportionality, coordinate systems, formulating hypotheses, and testing hypotheses. The results found no significant gender differences in combinatorial thinking and class inclusion. However, significant differences were found between males and females in time and motion, coordinate systems, formulating hypotheses, and testing hypotheses. Overall, the study found some gender differences in specific cognitive areas during the transition period from childhood to adolescence.