Measurement of all those fluids entering the clients body such as water, ice chips, juice, milk, coffee, ice-creams and fluid include: Parenteral, central line, feeding tube, artificial irrigation and blood transfusion. Measurement of all fluid level that leaves the clients body such as urine, perspiration, exhalation, diarrhea, vomiting, drainage, bleeding and wounds.

1. MAINTAIN OF INTAKE
OUTPUT CHART
Ms. Kamlesh Negi
Community Health Nursing
AIIMS, Gorakhpur

2. DEFINITION OF INTAKE:
Measurement of all those fluids entering the
clients body such as water, ice chips, juice, milk,
coffee, ice-creams and fluid include: Parenteral,
central line, feeding tube, artificial irrigation and
blood transfusion.

3. DEFINITION OF OUTPUT:
Measurement of all fluid level that leaves
the clients body such as urine, perspiration,
exhalation, diarrhea, vomiting, drainage,
bleeding and wounds.

4. DEFINITION:
Measurement of a patients fluid intake by
mouth, feeding tubes or intravenous catheters.
And output from kidneys gastrointestinal tract,
drainage tubes, and wounds accurate 24 hours
measurement and recording is an essential part
of patient assessment.

5. PURPOSE:
Ensure accurate record keeping
Prevent circulatory overload
Prevent dehydration
Aids in analysing treads in fluid status
Contribute to accurate assessment record

6. INDICATIONS:
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Kidney impairment patients
In case of dialysis patients
Clients with burns
Recent surgical procedure
Severe vomiting and diarrhea
In case of dehydration

7. IMPORTANCE:
 Physician diagnosis and treatment may depend on accurate
measurement of intake output.
 Measurement of intake and output can monitor progress of
treatment or of a disorder.
 This provides information about retention or loss of
sodium and ability of the kidneys to concentrate or dilute
urine in response to fluid change.

8. Daily Physiological fluid balance:
INTAKE OUTPUT
Ingested liquid: 1500ml
Ingested food : 800 ml
Metabolism: 200 ml
Kidney: 1500ml
Skin loss: 600 ml
GI: 100ml
Lung: 300ml
Total : 2500ml/day Total : 2500ml/day

9. ARTICLES:
Intake output chart
Paper pencil
Calibrated drinking glass
Bed side commode

11. Male and female urinal
Weighing scale
Gloves

12. PROCEDURE:
 Explain the purpose and procedure for measuring intake and
output to the patient.
 Record the volume for all fluids consumed.
 Make sure that all I/V fluids or tube feeding are being
administered at the prescribed rate.
 Ensure that the nurse who adds additional I/V fluid
containers also record the volume
 Keep track of fluid volumes used to irrigate drainage tubes
or flush feeding tubes.

13. Conti…
Wear gloves
Measure and record the volume of voided urine, urine
collected in catheter drainage bag, liquid stool on
other.
Monitor vital signs
Wash hand
Check the volume remaining currently infusing I/V
fluid
Record the total amount of all fluid intake and output
volumes.

14. Conti…
 Compare the data to determine if the intake and output are
approximately the same.
 Report major difference in intake and output to the clients
physician.
 Review the plan of care and if the goals have not been met.
 Report the intake and output volumes intravenous fluid
credit amount and other data.
 Documentation: date and time
intake and output volume for the next shift