Introducing a single dose of concentrated medication directly into the systemic circulation “Or” The introduction of a large amount of fluid & electrolytes and other nutrients into the body via veins.

1. Presented by-
LOKENDRA SINGH
ICN
INTRAVENOUS ROUTE
ADMINISTRATION

2. DEFINITION
Introducing a single dose of concentrated medication
directly into the systemic circulation
“Or”
The introduction of a large amount of fluid &
electrolytes and other nutrients into the body via
veins.

3. PURPOSES :
 Used in emergencies with critically unstable patient.
 To achieve immediate and maximum effect of a
medication.
 To dilute poisons & flush the kidneys.
 To prevent & treat shock.
 To alter vascular pressure.
 To supply & meet the patient’s basic requirements of
calories, water, minerals & vitamins.
 To restore the volume of blood to normal in hemorrhage,
burns, diarrhea & vomiting etc
DISADVANTAGES :
 There is no time to correct in case of medication errors.
 Direct irritation to the lining of blood vessels.

4. General Instructions : IV Cannulation
 Maintain strict aseptic techniques.
 Be sure of solution’s type, strength, and amount.
 Avoid entry of air.
 Clamp before the whole amount of fluid finishes.
 Check the apparatus for working condition.
 Observe the site for swelling (tissue infiltration
leaking & bleeding).
 Observe the patient for unfavorable symptoms.
 Regulate the flow of fluid
 Fluid should be at room temperature.
 Ensure I.V. set is changed after 72 hrs. (Hospital
Policy)

5. ARTICLES REQUIRED-
A tray containing:
 Sterile I.V. set
 Sterile vein flow & Bivalve with 10cm extension tube
 Sterile syringes
 Alcohol Swab
 Normal Saline for flushing
 Sterile cotton swabs
 Sterile gloves
 Gauze pieces
 Tourniquet
 Mackintosh with towel
 I.V solution
 Kidney tray & paper bag
 Adhesive plaster & scissors
 Splint
 IV stand.

6. PARTS OF CANNULA
Stylet/Needle

7. catheter

8. VISUAL & WORD MNEMONIC
to be Remember….

9. PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure to the patient.
 Wash hands. Remove the bottle seal from top, clean the
top with spirit swab, holding the bottle upright, insert the
drip set & air vent into the bottle.
 Close the camp & hang the bottle on the IV stand at least
3 feet above an adult patient’s heart.
 Connect the needle to the IV tubing open the clamp &
flush the IV fluid through the tubing & needle into
kidney tray until air is expelled.
 Clamp the tubing again, apply protective, cap over the
needle.
 Prepare few strips of adhesive tapes.

10. Cont…
 Site preparation – apply a tourniquet firmly 6 to 8”
proximal to the site
Veins Frequently Used:
# Veins of the cubital fossa. # Median Cephalic Vein. # Basilic Vein.
# Ante brachial. # Venous network on back of the hand.
# Saphenous veins. # Scalp vein (infants). # Jugular vein.

11. Cont…
 Encourage the patient to clench & unclench the fist
rapidly lightly tap the vein with finger tip.
 Clean the area with a spirit swab. In circular motion
from centre to peripheral
 Inserts needle into the vein at 15º to 30º angle & once it
enters the vein, makes it parallel with the skin & follow
the cause of the vein.
 When back flow of blood occurs into the cannula
chamber than inserts the stylet/needle further up into
the vein about ¾ to 1”

12. Cont..
 Release the tourniquet and connect the IV tubing with
cannula and open the clamp to let fluid flow.
 Secure cannula & tubing by adhesive tapes / strips.
 Immobilize with splint, if required.
 Record in Intra venous assess form, nurse’s notes
 Maintain I/O chart- Time of starting infusion, amount &
route of flow, type of fluid given.
 Change the bottle whenever it finishes with prescribed IV
fluid

15. After Care
 Dispose the IV set & used cotton into the kidney tray &
paper bag.
 Remove I V Stand tray from patient’s bedside.
 Clean & replace all equipments to in proper place.
 Watch for oedema, discoloration or hematoma
formation. If any than record in VIP score (visual
infusion phlebitis score) form
 Hand over to the shift nurse.

16.  Drop factor = the number of drops it takes to make up one ml of fluid. Two
common sizes are: 20 drops per ml (typically for clear fluids) 15 drops per ml
(typically for thicker substances, such as blood)
 For Macro drip set- Macro tubing is also called standard tubing in practice and
usually delivers either 15 or 20 gtt/ml (drops/ml).
 For Micro drip set :- Micro tubing is use for pediatric and neonatal patients. Micro
drip tubing is usually set to 60 gtt/ml (60 drops to make 1 ml).