The document is a presentation titled "Simple Anatomy" that was created by a student. It contains information about different parts of the human body presented over multiple slides. The slides define and provide pictures of organs like the bladder, bones, brain, digestive system, ears, eyes, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, mouth, skeleton, spine, teeth, and urinary tract. It also includes exercises testing vocabulary, grammar, language functions, listening, speaking, reading, and writing related to human anatomy.
The framework of bones and cartilage which gives shape and support to the body an animal is called skeleton. Skeletal structure is composed of hard material which is made up of calcium called bones. The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones. In human beings, the skeleton is present in side the body, so it is called endoskeleton.
The framework of bones and cartilage which gives shape and support to the body an animal is called skeleton. Skeletal structure is composed of hard material which is made up of calcium called bones. The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones. In human beings, the skeleton is present in side the body, so it is called endoskeleton.
Explore the mysteries of our skeletal system and delve into the fascinating stories behind our bones. Uncover the unique characteristics of our skeletons and understand how they protect our bodies and provide us with mobility.
Bones provide support for our bodies and help form our shape. Although they're very light, bones are strong enough to support our entire weight.
Bones also protect the body's organs. The skull protects the brain and forms the shape of the face. The spinal cord, a pathway for messages between the brain and the body, is protected by the backbone, or spinal column. The ribs form a cage that shelters the heart and lungs, and the pelvis helps protect the bladder, part of the intestines, and in women, the reproductive organs.
Bones are made up of a framework of a protein called collagen, with a mineral called calcium phosphate that makes the framework hard and strong. Bones store calcium and release some into the bloodstream when it's needed by other parts of the body. The amounts of some vitamins and minerals that you eat, especially vitamin D and calcium, directly affect how much calcium is stored in the bones.
Bones are made up of two types of bone tissues:
Compact bone is the solid, hard outside part of the bone. It looks like ivory and is extremely strong. Holes and channels run through it, carrying blood vessels and nerves.
Cancellous (KAN-suh-lus) bone, which looks like a sponge, is inside compact bone. It is made up of a mesh-like network of tiny pieces of bone called trabeculae (truh-BEH-kyoo-lee). This is where bone marrow is found.
In this soft bone is where most of the body's blood cells are made. The bone marrow contains stem cells, which produce the body's red blood cells and platelets, and some types of white blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body's tissues, and platelets help with blood clotting when someone has a cut or wound. White blood cells help the body fight infection.
Bones are fastened to other bones by long, fibrous straps called ligaments (LIG-uh-mentz). Cartilage (KAR-tul-ij), a flexible, rubbery substance in our joints, supports bones and protects them where they rub against each other.
BONES AND MUSCLES handout 2nd quarter.docx · version 1 orchids.docxLiezelDealola
Common Bone and Muscle Injuries
Injuries-harm or damage.
Disease- an illness that affects the person, animal, or pants. A condition that prevents the body or mind from working normally.
1.Fracture- a break in the bone.
2.Dislocation- occurs when a bone in the joint is displaced or has moved out of its proper position.
3. Sprain- an injury to a ligament caused by excessive stretching. It brings so much pain and swelling in the injured part.
4. Cramp- A strong muscle contraction that can be very painful lasting for a few minutes but massaging the muscle can often relieve the pain.
5. Bruise- muscles become black or blue due to blood clot when you get hit or when you bumped into something hard.
6. Osteoporosis- caused by thinning and weakening of bones usually experienced by elderly people. The bones become brittle and weak.
7.Arthritis- a common joint disorder characterized by inflammation of the fingers and joints of the body.
8.Rickets- a bone caused by a deficiency in vitamin D usually observed in children.
9.Polio- it is an acute infection caused by a virus that attacks the nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord resulting to paralysis.
10. Scoliosis. Every person's spine curves a little bit; a certain amount of curvature is necessary for people to move and walk properly.
How to take care of our muscles and bones?
Eat healthy food, especially dairy foods, which give your bones the calcium they need.
Get plenty of exercise and make sure that you protect your bones when you play sport.
Have a healthy well balanced diet and exercise every day. a healthy diet which has milk products, fish and meat will help your muscles to get the protein they need to build up to be strong and healthy.
STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINES
Stomach- is a big sack between the esophagus and the small intestines.
The stomach contains hydrochloric acid made by stomach cells. This acid kills bacteria in the food.
It is 12 inches long and 6 inches wide.
J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food and breaks it down into tiny pieces.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
STAGES OF DIGESTION
1. Chewing ( mouth and tongue)-When you chew your food it breaks up big pieces into little pieces that are easier to digest and swallow.
2. Swallowing (esophagus)-tongue helps to push food into the back of our throat. Then there are special throat muscles that force the food down into a long tube that leads to our stomach, called the esophagus.
3. Stomach-food hangs out in the stomach for around four hours. While the food sits there, more enzymes go to work on it, breaking down things like proteins that our bodies can use. The stomach kills a lot of bad bacteria as well, so we don't get sick.
4. Small Intestine - The first part of the small intestine works with juices from the liver and pancreas to continue to break down our food. The second part is where the food gets absorbed from the intestine and into our body through the blood.
5. Large Intestine - The last stage is the large
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Inside your Body (Simple Anatomy)
1. INSIDE YOUR BODY
TITLE :
SIMPLE ANATOMY
By: I G A A Widiyani Eka Putri
NPM. 10-3854
2’nd GRADE STUDENTS OF
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
(SECOND SEMESTER)
JULI 2013
THE FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MAHASARASWATI DENPASAR UNIVERSITY
2013
CLICK TO START !!
2. SIMPLE ANATOMY
THE FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MAHASARASWATI DENPASAR UNIVERSITY
2013
LISTENING
SPEAKING
READING
WRITING
SKILLS
7. NEXT
Simple Anatomy
EAR
The ear is made up of three
different sections: the outer ear,
the middle ear, and the inner ear.
These parts all work together so
you can hear and process sounds.
5
8. NEXT
Simple Anatomy
EYE
'The eyes takes in information
about the world around you -
shapes, colours, movement, and
more. Then they send the
information to your brain.
6
11. NEXT
Simple Anatomy
LIVER
A large organ in the body which
cleans the blood and produces
bile (a bitter yellow liquid which
helps to digest fat).
9
12. NEXT
Simple Anatomy
LUNGS
The lungs are one of the largest
organs in the body, they work
with the respiratory system to
take in fresh air, and get rid of
stale air.
10
13. NEXT
Simple Anatomy
MOUTH
The opening in the face which
consists of the lips and the space
between them, or the space
behind which contains the teeth
and the tongue.
11
18. TEST OF VOCABULARY
1. Anatomy : Anatomi 11. Oxygen : Oksigen
2. Organ : Organ 12. Nutrients : Nutrisi
3. Urine : Urin 13. Kidney : Ginjal
4. Bone : Tulang 14. Filter : Penyaring
5. Control : Kendali 15. Liquid : Cairan
6. Digest : Intisari 16. Respirator : Respirator
7. Hear : Mendengar 17. Stale : Basi
8. Movement : Gerakan 18. Rid : Menyingkirkan
9. Blood : Darah 19. Tongue : Lidah
10. Body : Tubuh 20. Produce : Menghasilkan
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Simple Anatomy
19. GRAMMAR
NEXT
Simple Anatomy
Grammar that use in this chapter is Simple Present Tense. Because in
writing, the students asked to write a descriptive text about Bones.
As we know, the tense thas use to make a descriptive text is Simple
Present Tense.
20. FUNCTION OF LANGUAGE
NEXT
Simple Anatomy
The language function that used in this chapter is Asking Question and
Giving Information. Because in speaking exercise the students asked to
make a dialogue with her/his partner about Bones and present it in front
of the class.
21.
22. Simple Anatomy LISTENING EXERCISE (FILL IN THE BLANKS)
The Bone Song
By Animaniacs
Everybody knows about the ankle
.......... connected
To the other bones you have inside
your leg.
And everybody knows, it's true,
Without the bones inside of you...
Your body would become a
................ egg.
So the toe bone's connected to the
....................
And the foot bone's connected to
the
.........................
And the slide is connected to the
Trom-bone!
The structure of the .............. body's
Something quite unique
And I'd imagine all the bones inside
Connected to each other
In a complex distribution
Formed by years of evolution
And there still is some confusion
Over how it came to be.
The foot and ......... and ankle
Help us walk. We should be thankful
They're connected to the lower leg
Or else we'd all fall down.
And here's the tibia, the shin bone
And the ............ is ingrown
To the back of the patella,
Which is also called the knee.
Knee knee knee knee knee knee
knee,
Knee knee knee knee knee knee
knee,
Knee knee knee knee knee knee
knee,
Knee knee knee knee knee!
Here we classify bone
As the femur or the thigh bone.
It's connected to the pelvis
Or the lower ............. region.
Up the sacrum to the vertebrae
And doctors all prefer to say
The sternum or the .................
When they're talkin' 'bout your ribs.
The finger bones are numerous.
The upper arm's the humerus.
The forearm's got two pieces
Called the radius and the ulna.
Then the scapula and clavicle...
The maxilla and mandible...
The nasal and the frontal bone
And cranium on top.
The skeleton is really great.
It helps your body stand up straight.
Without it, all your ............. and guts
Would fall out on the floor!
23. 1. Bone 6. Toes
2. Srambled 7. Fibula
3. Foot bone 8. Lumbar
4. Ankle bone 9. Thorax
5. Human 10. Brains
NEXT
Simple Anatomy LISTENING EXERCISE (FILL IN THE BLANKS)
KEY ANSWER :
24. SKILLS
Instruction :
- Every students make a group consist of 2 students.
- Please make a dialogue with your partner about bones.
- Present it in front of the class !
NEXT
Simple Anatomy
SPEAKING
SPEAKING EXERCISE
25. SKILLS
NEXT
Simple Anatomy
READING
Bones are rigid organs that constitute part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates.
They support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood
cells and store minerals. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue. Bones come in a
variety of shapes and have a complex internal and external structure, are lightweight yet
strong and hard, and serve multiple functions.
One of the types of tissue that makes up bone is the mineralized osseous tissue,
also called bone tissue, that gives it rigidity and a coral-like three-dimensional internal
structure. Other types of tissue found in bones include marrow, endosteum, periosteum,
nerves, blood vessels and cartilage.
At birth, there are over 270 bones in an infant human's body, but many of these
fuse together as the child grows, leaving a total of 206 separate bones in an adult. The
largest bone in the human body is the femur and the smallest bones are auditory ossicles.
26. Answer the questions bellow based on the text above !
NEXT
Simple Anatomy READING EXERCISE
1. What is the definition of bones?
2. What is the function of bones?
3. What is bone tissue?
4. Which the type of tissue that makes the bone up?
5. How many bones in an infant humans’ body?
Good Luck..
27. SKILLS
Instruction :
- Work individually.
- Please make a descriptive text about bones.
- Find all the information that you need to support your task.
NEXT
Simple Anatomy
WRITING
WRITING EXERCISE