insect pest

1. Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational And
Research Institute
Presented by : Dipika halder
,Tuhin Kanti Roy
Insect pest of pegion pea
Submitted to : Mr.
Sourav Pathak

2. Helicoverpa armigera
The adult moths have yellowish to orange fore-
wings in female and greenish grey in males
Red gram pigeon pea
Ground pod borer
Damaging
stage
After feeding on pods for 12-14
days, these larvae enter to next
phase i. e., pupae. Pupa can
survive in soil and give rise to an
adult insect within 8-10 days
after pupal stage. A larva can
damage 30-35 pods in its life
period.

3. Nature of Damage :
It is widely distributed and is the most
injurious pest of early and medium
maturing varieties. The larvae, after
hatching, feed on tender leaves and
twigs but a pod formation they puncture
pods and feed on developing grains. It
may be seen in vegetative & podding
stage.

4. Damaging symptoms
The caterpillars destroy buds,
flowers and pods. Larva feeds
on pods by making holes, and
is seen feeding with the head
alone inside and rest of the
body hanging out.

5. Management
Adopt field sanitation by uprooting
nearby grasses, weeds and other pest-
harbouring plants
Spray with NP (Nuclear Polyhedrosis)
virus @ 1 ml/litre of water mixed with
stickers when small larvae are seen on
plants. Spray in the afternoon (after
3:00 pm) to avoid bright sun.
If the control by bio/botanical pesticides
is ineffective, spray chemical pesticides
such as Chloropyriphos @ 10 ml/litre of
water on plants at 7 day intervals until
the larvae are no longer seen on the
plants

6. Plume moth: Exelastis atomosa
Symptoms of damage
Pin head size holes on pods
Small spiny caterpillars and pupae
seen on the pods
Identification of the pest
Larva – is greenish brown, fringed
with radiating hairs and spines
Adult – is delicate, brown coloured
small moth with plumed wings
Red Plume moth

7. Nature of Damage
This insect is considered to be
one of the most important pests of
redgram as it is capable of
inflicting upto 80 per cent losses
in yield of seeds. The adult fly is
small.

8. Management
Biological Control
Natural enemies, especially
parasitic wasps, attack the
artichoke plume moth.
Chemical Control
•Application of dust of phosalone 4 per
cent or emulsion of phosalone 0.07 per
cent or Endosulfan 0.07 per cent three
times at fortnightly intervals
commencing from flowering affords
protection.
•Dusting of Endosulfan 4 per cent or
corboryl 10 per cent dust at 25 kg/ha
once at initiation of flowering.

9. Blister beetle
Damaging stage
Phalerata Pall
Adults feed on the flowers
and tender pods resulting
in fewer pods.

10. Nature of Damage
The adult blister beetle primarily
feeds on flowers. Feeding damage
can also be found on tender leaves
and shoots. The beetles often
attack beans in swarms but
generally in small patches within
the field. They usually do not
continue feeding for long before
moving elsewhere.

11. Damaging symptoms
Adults feed on the flowers and
tender pods resulting in fewer
pods. An adult betle can damage
20-30 flowers in a single day. The
peak adult activity (August-
October in southern India), most
of the flowers may be eaten by
the beetles and crop losses may
be substantial.

12. Management
Deep ploughing at summer
season.
Remove the plant debris from the
field.
The beetles can be controlled
manually by picking them by hand.
Field infestation 3 to 4 adults per
meter row length.
Application of neem seed kernel
extract (5%) as a repellent for egg
laying.

13. Red plum pod fly
Melanagromyza obtusa.
Moths are yellowish brown in colour
Larva – greenish having
brown lateral marking

14. Nature of Damage
They bore the grains and make
the tunnel in them. The holes
provide emergence “windows”
through which the adults exit the
pods.

15. Damaging symptoms
Dark brown encrustation on the
pod wall.
Dry pods showing pin head size
hole
Seeds shriveled, striped and
partially eaten.
Maggots cause damage by
boring into the soft seeds and
feed on grains.
The damaged seeds are unfit
for consumption as well as for
germination.
The extent of damage may be
even upto 60-70% during
severe infestation.

16. Management
• For pod borers, raise one row of
sunflower as intercrop for
every 9 rows of pigeon pea and
plant maize as border crop.
•Neem oil 2%
• Phosalone 0.07%
•Spinosad 45%SC 125-
162 ml/ha