Innovation: Creating Long-term Value in New Business Models and
Technology
Published : February 27, 2006 in [email protected]
In their book, Making Innovation Work: How to Manage It, Measure It and Profit
from It (Wharton School Publishing), authors Tony Davila, Marc J. Epstein and
Robert Shelton make the case that innovation is not a one-time event, but a
process that must be continuously managed, measured and carried out in all a
company's products, services and business functions. Using specific companies as
examples, and drawing on existing research as well as their own experiences in
the field, the authors demonstrate what works and what doesn't, and offer advice
on how to consistently maximize the value of innovation investments. Below is an
excerpt from Chapter Two, entitled Mapping Innovation: What Is Innovation
and How Do You Leverage It?
A New Model of Strategic Innovation
One of the most common misconceptions is that innovation is primarily, if not
exclusively, about changing technology. Mention innovation to many
business-savvy CEOs, and they envision R&D labs where engineers and
scientists are developing the next new technology. However, innovation is not
just about changing technologies.
High-performing companies innovate by leveraging both new business models and improved
technologies. In Chapter 1, "Driving Success: How You Innovate Determines What You Innovate," we
described the business model innovation of Dell and the technology and business model innovations of
Apple. There are plenty of other examples. eBay developed a new online business model for auctions
using readily available, albeit fairly new, Internet technology. The retail giant Wal-Mart currently
dominates its retail space, and has used commercially available computer communication technologies to
hyper-integrate its supply chain with suppliers, thereby creating a new business model with significant
cost savings.
Nick Donofrio, lead researcher at IBM, said, "We define 'innovation' as our ability to create new value at
the intersection of business and technology. We have to have new insights. We have to do things
differently. We cannot rely just on invention or technology for success."
Even the stodgy, asset-intensive steel industry has seen innovation of this type. Nucor Steel transformed
the steel industry when it developed a production technology to turn old metal into steel, and changed its
business model to capture maximum value. Nucor's new business model focused on relatively small
volume production of high-value products, effectively reversing the heritage industry model of large-scale
production runs of commodity products. The combined effect of the technology change and the business
model shift sent ripples of change throughout the industry.
Rarely does a technology change occur without also causing a change in business processes. The reverse
is also true. Both innovations go together and have to be thought and implemented as a whole. For
in.
The introduction to the Edengene business model bible. This is the first in our weekly serial that will cover pricing models, product and service models, distribution models, market models and emerging technology models.
For more information and to follow the series, read our blog: http://bit.ly/mUdDNA
The introduction to the Edengene business model bible. This is the first in our weekly serial that will cover pricing models, product and service models, distribution models, market models and emerging technology models.
For more information and to follow the series, read our blog: http://bit.ly/mUdDNA
Ericsson and Atos Consulting have joined forces in a thorough exploration of your and our business for the coming
10 years. Ericsson conducted an international survey to establish a vision in which direction the TIME (Telecom, IT,
Media & Entertainment ) industry is heading. The four most likely scenarios for 2020 are thoroughly researched. Based
on this vision Atos Consulting developed insights into the business models needed for each scenario. Our goal is to
share an independent and authoritative view on the future of the TIME industry. We hope this will help you to reflect
upon your business and to keep ahead of competition.
This white paper, will give you insight in a future that is uncertain for all of us. We hope to give you direction with
a vision on scenarios and possible business models to prepare your organization. We trust that we will take your
thinking further and you will benefit from our suggestions and recommendations to prepare for the jump to 2020.
On behalf of all contributors to this white paper, we wish you a pleasant and foremost inspirational read!
Ericsson & Atos Consulting
Doc to be found here: http://www.nl.atosconsulting.com/NR/rdonlyres/03766DBA-AED5-4EE4-B0CB-FA204557B439/0/WPBusinessmodelsinTIME.pdf
OVERVIEW Business model innovation is often the key to capturing .docxhoney690131
OVERVIEW: Business model innovation is often the key to capturing value from innovation within corporations. Developing and implementing new business models in practice, however, is difficult and fraught with risk. This paper discusses a systematic approach to developing new business models and identifies concrete steps to reduce the risks associated with them. It draws on literature on elements of the process as well as experience developing and implementing new business models at Goodyear.
FEATURE ARTICLE
KEYWORDS: Business model innovation; Adoption risks; Co-innovation risks; Business model canvas
Business model innovation has gained increased attention over the last five years, driven in large part by the tremendous returns generated by companies that have developed new business models--Netflix, Dell, and the Apple iTunes store are the most frequently noted examples. The term itself, however, has been only vaguely defined. Keeley and coauthors (2013), for example, characterize business model innovation by the number of attributes of a business that are changed, while Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010) define a business model in terms of a completed canvas. The vagueness of these representations makes it hard to study (or even to discuss) the process of developing a successful business model to harvest value from innovation.
The concept of the business model is actually simple: the business model is the means by which a firm creates and sustains margins or growth. The business model, defined in this way, is inherently embedded in a firm's competitive environment: the ability to create margins and growth is dependent on what competitors are doing to create margins and growth for themselves. The business model is not simply the means by which a firm creates and captures customer value. Focusing on creating customer value without regard to competitive advantage will leave a firm vulnerable to both margin erosion and anemic growth. Because the competitive environment is forever changing, business models require constant vigilance; they must be adapted and strengthened over time as the competitive environment evolves.
Business model innovation, in this context, is any innovation that creates a new market or disrupts the competitive advantage of key competitors. Business model innovation is confused in many discussions with building new capabilities (for instance, a new channel). This may or may not be business model innovation: while business model innovation may require new capabilities, new capabilities will constitute business model innovation only when they significantly disrupt the competitive dynamics of an industry. A few common examples of business model innovation make this distinction clear:
* Dell: Dell disrupted the cost structure of the personal computer industry with its build-to-order model by eliminating the costs of retail outlets, which radically reduced working capital, enabled customization of orders, and (riding Moore's law) .
Business Innovation Report by TrendsSpotting: Innovation Strategy, Performanc...Taly Weiss
The purpose of this review is to provide a deep understanding of innovation and its business potential. We will focus on innovation outcomes in terms of performance and present empirical findings linking innovation to business success. We introduce basic definitions of innovation, explore the most common forms of innovation (adding examples and case studies) and discuss disruptive innovation. We identify key innovation strategies developed and tested in academic and business research. We glance into rankings of the most innovative companies to learn on their performance and growth potential. Finally we will study how companies measure innovation and what parameters are critical for them to follow. At the end of the report, we have compiled an insightful “take away” and present extensive case study summarizing key innovation aspects in innovation implementation.
The 140 page PPT report is targeted at innovation stakeholders aiming to promote innovation efforts linked to business success & growth
OVERVIEW Business model innovation is often the key to capturing .docxaman341480
OVERVIEW: Business model innovation is often the key to capturing value from innovation within corporations. Developing and implementing new business models in practice, however, is difficult and fraught with risk. This paper discusses a systematic approach to developing new business models and identifies concrete steps to reduce the risks associated with them. It draws on literature on elements of the process as well as experience developing and implementing new business models at Goodyear.
FEATURE ARTICLE
A systematic approach to business model innovation can help capture value and reduce risks
KEYWORDS: Business model innovation; Adoption risks; Co-innovation risks; Business model canvas
Business model innovation has gained increased attention over the last five years, driven in large part by the tremendous returns generated by companies that have developed new business models--Netflix, Dell, and the Apple iTunes store are the most frequently noted examples. The term itself, however, has been only vaguely defined. Keeley and coauthors (2013), for example, characterize business model innovation by the number of attributes of a business that are changed, while Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010) define a business model in terms of a completed canvas. The vagueness of these representations makes it hard to study (or even to discuss) the process of developing a successful business model to harvest value from innovation.
The concept of the business model is actually simple: the business model is the means by which a firm creates and sustains margins or growth. The business model, defined in this way, is inherently embedded in a firm's competitive environment: the ability to create margins and growth is dependent on what competitors are doing to create margins and growth for themselves. The business model is not simply the means by which a firm creates and captures customer value. Focusing on creating customer value without regard to competitive advantage will leave a firm vulnerable to both margin erosion and anemic growth. Because the competitive environment is forever changing, business models require constant vigilance; they must be adapted and strengthened over time as the competitive environment evolves.
Business model innovation, in this context, is any innovation that creates a new market or disrupts the competitive advantage of key competitors. Business model innovation is confused in many discussions with building new capabilities (for instance, a new channel). This may or may not be business model innovation: while business model innovation may require new capabilities, new capabilities will constitute business model innovation only when they significantly disrupt the competitive dynamics of an industry. A few common examples of business model innovation make this distinction clear:
* Dell: Dell disrupted the cost structure of the personal computer industry with its build-to-order model by eliminating the costs of retail outlets, which rad.
Paper I produced for the SIIT 2011. Published in the conference proceedings and available on the IEEE website: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6083609&tag=1
Servitization: service is the future of manufacturingABN AMRO
Servitization is the process whereby services are given an increasingly important role in the business model of manufacturing companies. In addition to – and sometimes at the expense of – traditional product and machine sales. Service turns from being a cost item into an opportunity to provide better service for the customer and thereby generate additional revenue. Servitization in the manufacturing industry can consist of companies proactively offering repair and overhaul services, spare parts and training in addition to their core products. But servitization also includes broader services such as consultancy, financing, insurance and logistics services. In this report ABN AMRO and Praetimus discuss the advantages, but also the challenges involved in the transition to a service-oriented business model.
Globalization intensified competition in most industries. This came at a time when firms competing in mature markets were experiencing increased difficulty to grow revenues in their home markets. As a result, firms were forced to focus on cost reduction as a means to increase shareholder value. Firms also felt an increased dependence on suppliers for value creation.
Ctrl-alt-del: Rebooting the Business Model for the Digital AgeCapgemini
Our research with the MIT Sloan Management Review reveals that only 16% of organizations are leveraging digital technologies to develop new business models. Most organizations follow traditional approaches to innovation that focus on new products and services, rather than on business models. However, research suggests that the returns from traditional approaches have been diminishing with time. As Serguei Netessine, Professor at INSEAD Singapore says, “Pharmaceutical companies spend as much as 30% of their revenues on R&D, trying to develop new products or technologies. But the return from this enormous expenditure has been very elusive and it is a common problem across industries.” Business model reinvention can be as good a route as technology, product or service innovations. This research highlight five different approaches that organizations can adopt to reinvent their business model with digital technologies.
InstructionsW4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual A.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
W4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual Assignment
As indicated in the syllabus, it is important to demonstrate knowledge of MS Project. Week 4 includes using the software and interpreting the results as follows:
1. Read the Nightingale Project - LG textbook pg 333-335
2. Review MS Project Video Tutorials (Lessons/Course Materials/Support Videos) and complete the Case for both Part A and Case Part B.
3. Submit two separate MS Project .mpp files (one for part A and one for part B). Remember to submit the appropriate “view” reflecting all applicable columns and content information.
4. Submit MS Word file to specifically answer all questions for both parts (part A questions 1-3 & part B questions 1-4).
5. Ensure you document the version of MS Project you are using in the submission comments field.
Hints:
You should read ALL instructions in the case and case technical details before you start the Project file.
You may want to set up the Project file ex: start date, holidays, work days, etc. before entering in any tasks.
Ensure the project name is on the first line of the Project file and all other tasks as detailed in the case are indented just once.
The predecessor numbers for all subtasks will then be one higher than in the text as the first line (main task) is now the Project name.
The lag mentioned in the case A section is plus lag.
analyze certain bodily substances and compare them widi a sample from a suspect.
Forensic science consultant Richard Saferstein tells us that portions of the DNA structure are as unique to each individual as fingerprints. He writes that inside each of the 60 trillion cells in the human body are strands of genetic material called chromosomes. Arranged along the chromosomes, like beads on a thread, are nearly 100,000 genes. Genes are the fundamental unit of heredity. They instruct the body cells to make proteins drat determine everydiing from hair color to susceptibility to diseases. Each gene is actually composed of DNA specifically designed to carry out a single body function. Scientists have determined that DNA is die substance by which genetic instructions are passed from one generation to the next. (Saferstein 353-394)
DNA profiling has helped investigators solve crimes and ensure that diose guilty of crimes are convicted in court. Profiling is the examination of DNA samples from a body substance or fluid to determine whether they came from a particular subject. For example, semen on a rape victim's clothing can be positively or negatively compared with a suspect's semen.
police laboratories. Smaller departments may contract with large county crime labs or state police crime labs. Some departments use die services of the FBI lab. (Durose 1)
Private (nongovernment) labs are taking on greater importance in the U.S. legal system. Their analyses are increasingly being introduced into criminal and civil trials, often not only as evidence but also to contradict evidence presented by .
InstructionsView CAAE Stormwater video Too Big for Our Ditches.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
View CAAE Stormwater video "Too Big for Our Ditches"
http://www.ncsu.edu/wq/videos/stormwater%20video/SWvideo.html
Explain how impermeable surfaces in the urban environment impact the stream network in a river basin. Why is watershed management an important consideration in urban planning? Unload you essay (200-400 words).
Neal.LarryBUS457A7.docx
Question 1
Problem:
It is not certain about the relationship between age, Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Goal:
To establish the relationship between age Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available data, the relationship is obtained and shown below:
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
SBP 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
Error 28 3850 137.5
Lack-of-Fit 21 2849 135.7 0.95 0.575
Pure Error 7 1002 143.1
Total 29 6783
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
11.7265 43.24% 41.21% 3.85%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -18.3 13.9 -1.32 0.198
SBP 0.4454 0.0964 4.62 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -18.3 + 0.4454 SBP
It is found that there is an outlier in the dataset, which significantly affect the regression equation. As a result, the outlier is removed, and the regression analysis is run again.
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
SBP 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
Error 27 1951.4 72.27
Lack-of-Fit 20 949.9 47.49 0.33 0.975
Pure Error 7 1001.5 143.07
Total 28 6779.9
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
8.50139 71.22% 70.15% 66.89%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -59.9 12.9 -4.63 0.000
SBP 0.7502 0.0918 8.17 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -59.9 + 0.7502 SBP
The p-value for the model is 0.000, which implies that the model is significant in the prediction of Age. The R-square of the model is 70.2%, implies that 70.2% of variation in age can be explained by the model
Recommendation:
The regression model Age = -59.9 +0.7502 SBP can be used to predict the Age, such that over 70% of variation in Age can be explained by the model.
Question 2
Problem:
It is not sure that whether the factors X1 to X4 which represents four different success factors have any influences on the annual savings as a result of CRM implementation.
Goal:
To determine which of the success factors are most significant in the prediction of a successful CRM program, and develop the corresponding model for the prediction of CRM savings.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available da.
More Related Content
Similar to Innovation Creating Long-term Value in New Business Models an.docx
Ericsson and Atos Consulting have joined forces in a thorough exploration of your and our business for the coming
10 years. Ericsson conducted an international survey to establish a vision in which direction the TIME (Telecom, IT,
Media & Entertainment ) industry is heading. The four most likely scenarios for 2020 are thoroughly researched. Based
on this vision Atos Consulting developed insights into the business models needed for each scenario. Our goal is to
share an independent and authoritative view on the future of the TIME industry. We hope this will help you to reflect
upon your business and to keep ahead of competition.
This white paper, will give you insight in a future that is uncertain for all of us. We hope to give you direction with
a vision on scenarios and possible business models to prepare your organization. We trust that we will take your
thinking further and you will benefit from our suggestions and recommendations to prepare for the jump to 2020.
On behalf of all contributors to this white paper, we wish you a pleasant and foremost inspirational read!
Ericsson & Atos Consulting
Doc to be found here: http://www.nl.atosconsulting.com/NR/rdonlyres/03766DBA-AED5-4EE4-B0CB-FA204557B439/0/WPBusinessmodelsinTIME.pdf
OVERVIEW Business model innovation is often the key to capturing .docxhoney690131
OVERVIEW: Business model innovation is often the key to capturing value from innovation within corporations. Developing and implementing new business models in practice, however, is difficult and fraught with risk. This paper discusses a systematic approach to developing new business models and identifies concrete steps to reduce the risks associated with them. It draws on literature on elements of the process as well as experience developing and implementing new business models at Goodyear.
FEATURE ARTICLE
KEYWORDS: Business model innovation; Adoption risks; Co-innovation risks; Business model canvas
Business model innovation has gained increased attention over the last five years, driven in large part by the tremendous returns generated by companies that have developed new business models--Netflix, Dell, and the Apple iTunes store are the most frequently noted examples. The term itself, however, has been only vaguely defined. Keeley and coauthors (2013), for example, characterize business model innovation by the number of attributes of a business that are changed, while Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010) define a business model in terms of a completed canvas. The vagueness of these representations makes it hard to study (or even to discuss) the process of developing a successful business model to harvest value from innovation.
The concept of the business model is actually simple: the business model is the means by which a firm creates and sustains margins or growth. The business model, defined in this way, is inherently embedded in a firm's competitive environment: the ability to create margins and growth is dependent on what competitors are doing to create margins and growth for themselves. The business model is not simply the means by which a firm creates and captures customer value. Focusing on creating customer value without regard to competitive advantage will leave a firm vulnerable to both margin erosion and anemic growth. Because the competitive environment is forever changing, business models require constant vigilance; they must be adapted and strengthened over time as the competitive environment evolves.
Business model innovation, in this context, is any innovation that creates a new market or disrupts the competitive advantage of key competitors. Business model innovation is confused in many discussions with building new capabilities (for instance, a new channel). This may or may not be business model innovation: while business model innovation may require new capabilities, new capabilities will constitute business model innovation only when they significantly disrupt the competitive dynamics of an industry. A few common examples of business model innovation make this distinction clear:
* Dell: Dell disrupted the cost structure of the personal computer industry with its build-to-order model by eliminating the costs of retail outlets, which radically reduced working capital, enabled customization of orders, and (riding Moore's law) .
Business Innovation Report by TrendsSpotting: Innovation Strategy, Performanc...Taly Weiss
The purpose of this review is to provide a deep understanding of innovation and its business potential. We will focus on innovation outcomes in terms of performance and present empirical findings linking innovation to business success. We introduce basic definitions of innovation, explore the most common forms of innovation (adding examples and case studies) and discuss disruptive innovation. We identify key innovation strategies developed and tested in academic and business research. We glance into rankings of the most innovative companies to learn on their performance and growth potential. Finally we will study how companies measure innovation and what parameters are critical for them to follow. At the end of the report, we have compiled an insightful “take away” and present extensive case study summarizing key innovation aspects in innovation implementation.
The 140 page PPT report is targeted at innovation stakeholders aiming to promote innovation efforts linked to business success & growth
OVERVIEW Business model innovation is often the key to capturing .docxaman341480
OVERVIEW: Business model innovation is often the key to capturing value from innovation within corporations. Developing and implementing new business models in practice, however, is difficult and fraught with risk. This paper discusses a systematic approach to developing new business models and identifies concrete steps to reduce the risks associated with them. It draws on literature on elements of the process as well as experience developing and implementing new business models at Goodyear.
FEATURE ARTICLE
A systematic approach to business model innovation can help capture value and reduce risks
KEYWORDS: Business model innovation; Adoption risks; Co-innovation risks; Business model canvas
Business model innovation has gained increased attention over the last five years, driven in large part by the tremendous returns generated by companies that have developed new business models--Netflix, Dell, and the Apple iTunes store are the most frequently noted examples. The term itself, however, has been only vaguely defined. Keeley and coauthors (2013), for example, characterize business model innovation by the number of attributes of a business that are changed, while Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010) define a business model in terms of a completed canvas. The vagueness of these representations makes it hard to study (or even to discuss) the process of developing a successful business model to harvest value from innovation.
The concept of the business model is actually simple: the business model is the means by which a firm creates and sustains margins or growth. The business model, defined in this way, is inherently embedded in a firm's competitive environment: the ability to create margins and growth is dependent on what competitors are doing to create margins and growth for themselves. The business model is not simply the means by which a firm creates and captures customer value. Focusing on creating customer value without regard to competitive advantage will leave a firm vulnerable to both margin erosion and anemic growth. Because the competitive environment is forever changing, business models require constant vigilance; they must be adapted and strengthened over time as the competitive environment evolves.
Business model innovation, in this context, is any innovation that creates a new market or disrupts the competitive advantage of key competitors. Business model innovation is confused in many discussions with building new capabilities (for instance, a new channel). This may or may not be business model innovation: while business model innovation may require new capabilities, new capabilities will constitute business model innovation only when they significantly disrupt the competitive dynamics of an industry. A few common examples of business model innovation make this distinction clear:
* Dell: Dell disrupted the cost structure of the personal computer industry with its build-to-order model by eliminating the costs of retail outlets, which rad.
Paper I produced for the SIIT 2011. Published in the conference proceedings and available on the IEEE website: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6083609&tag=1
Servitization: service is the future of manufacturingABN AMRO
Servitization is the process whereby services are given an increasingly important role in the business model of manufacturing companies. In addition to – and sometimes at the expense of – traditional product and machine sales. Service turns from being a cost item into an opportunity to provide better service for the customer and thereby generate additional revenue. Servitization in the manufacturing industry can consist of companies proactively offering repair and overhaul services, spare parts and training in addition to their core products. But servitization also includes broader services such as consultancy, financing, insurance and logistics services. In this report ABN AMRO and Praetimus discuss the advantages, but also the challenges involved in the transition to a service-oriented business model.
Globalization intensified competition in most industries. This came at a time when firms competing in mature markets were experiencing increased difficulty to grow revenues in their home markets. As a result, firms were forced to focus on cost reduction as a means to increase shareholder value. Firms also felt an increased dependence on suppliers for value creation.
Ctrl-alt-del: Rebooting the Business Model for the Digital AgeCapgemini
Our research with the MIT Sloan Management Review reveals that only 16% of organizations are leveraging digital technologies to develop new business models. Most organizations follow traditional approaches to innovation that focus on new products and services, rather than on business models. However, research suggests that the returns from traditional approaches have been diminishing with time. As Serguei Netessine, Professor at INSEAD Singapore says, “Pharmaceutical companies spend as much as 30% of their revenues on R&D, trying to develop new products or technologies. But the return from this enormous expenditure has been very elusive and it is a common problem across industries.” Business model reinvention can be as good a route as technology, product or service innovations. This research highlight five different approaches that organizations can adopt to reinvent their business model with digital technologies.
InstructionsW4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual A.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
W4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual Assignment
As indicated in the syllabus, it is important to demonstrate knowledge of MS Project. Week 4 includes using the software and interpreting the results as follows:
1. Read the Nightingale Project - LG textbook pg 333-335
2. Review MS Project Video Tutorials (Lessons/Course Materials/Support Videos) and complete the Case for both Part A and Case Part B.
3. Submit two separate MS Project .mpp files (one for part A and one for part B). Remember to submit the appropriate “view” reflecting all applicable columns and content information.
4. Submit MS Word file to specifically answer all questions for both parts (part A questions 1-3 & part B questions 1-4).
5. Ensure you document the version of MS Project you are using in the submission comments field.
Hints:
You should read ALL instructions in the case and case technical details before you start the Project file.
You may want to set up the Project file ex: start date, holidays, work days, etc. before entering in any tasks.
Ensure the project name is on the first line of the Project file and all other tasks as detailed in the case are indented just once.
The predecessor numbers for all subtasks will then be one higher than in the text as the first line (main task) is now the Project name.
The lag mentioned in the case A section is plus lag.
analyze certain bodily substances and compare them widi a sample from a suspect.
Forensic science consultant Richard Saferstein tells us that portions of the DNA structure are as unique to each individual as fingerprints. He writes that inside each of the 60 trillion cells in the human body are strands of genetic material called chromosomes. Arranged along the chromosomes, like beads on a thread, are nearly 100,000 genes. Genes are the fundamental unit of heredity. They instruct the body cells to make proteins drat determine everydiing from hair color to susceptibility to diseases. Each gene is actually composed of DNA specifically designed to carry out a single body function. Scientists have determined that DNA is die substance by which genetic instructions are passed from one generation to the next. (Saferstein 353-394)
DNA profiling has helped investigators solve crimes and ensure that diose guilty of crimes are convicted in court. Profiling is the examination of DNA samples from a body substance or fluid to determine whether they came from a particular subject. For example, semen on a rape victim's clothing can be positively or negatively compared with a suspect's semen.
police laboratories. Smaller departments may contract with large county crime labs or state police crime labs. Some departments use die services of the FBI lab. (Durose 1)
Private (nongovernment) labs are taking on greater importance in the U.S. legal system. Their analyses are increasingly being introduced into criminal and civil trials, often not only as evidence but also to contradict evidence presented by .
InstructionsView CAAE Stormwater video Too Big for Our Ditches.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
View CAAE Stormwater video "Too Big for Our Ditches"
http://www.ncsu.edu/wq/videos/stormwater%20video/SWvideo.html
Explain how impermeable surfaces in the urban environment impact the stream network in a river basin. Why is watershed management an important consideration in urban planning? Unload you essay (200-400 words).
Neal.LarryBUS457A7.docx
Question 1
Problem:
It is not certain about the relationship between age, Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Goal:
To establish the relationship between age Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available data, the relationship is obtained and shown below:
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
SBP 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
Error 28 3850 137.5
Lack-of-Fit 21 2849 135.7 0.95 0.575
Pure Error 7 1002 143.1
Total 29 6783
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
11.7265 43.24% 41.21% 3.85%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -18.3 13.9 -1.32 0.198
SBP 0.4454 0.0964 4.62 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -18.3 + 0.4454 SBP
It is found that there is an outlier in the dataset, which significantly affect the regression equation. As a result, the outlier is removed, and the regression analysis is run again.
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
SBP 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
Error 27 1951.4 72.27
Lack-of-Fit 20 949.9 47.49 0.33 0.975
Pure Error 7 1001.5 143.07
Total 28 6779.9
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
8.50139 71.22% 70.15% 66.89%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -59.9 12.9 -4.63 0.000
SBP 0.7502 0.0918 8.17 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -59.9 + 0.7502 SBP
The p-value for the model is 0.000, which implies that the model is significant in the prediction of Age. The R-square of the model is 70.2%, implies that 70.2% of variation in age can be explained by the model
Recommendation:
The regression model Age = -59.9 +0.7502 SBP can be used to predict the Age, such that over 70% of variation in Age can be explained by the model.
Question 2
Problem:
It is not sure that whether the factors X1 to X4 which represents four different success factors have any influences on the annual savings as a result of CRM implementation.
Goal:
To determine which of the success factors are most significant in the prediction of a successful CRM program, and develop the corresponding model for the prediction of CRM savings.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available da.
InstructionsUse and add the real life situation provided below t.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
Use and add the real life situation provided below to write this paper. Provide examples to explain the behaviors, and use researched material to support your reasoning.
(Real life situation)
Gender Inequality in the Workplace: Sexual Harassment against Women
Although many women have been confident enough to report sexual harassment in the workplace, it is still very hard and uncomfortable for other women to stand up and also makes it more surprising how many of these incidences are still taking place every day. Workplace sexual harassment goes for both genders and it’s even harder for men since they are always viewed as the aggressors and superior gender and the mindset of our society shapes a lot of what we perceive is okay and normal behavior towards each other.
One interesting experience I heard of recently was involving a female service member and her superiors. This female works in an office with about four other males who are very aware about her feelings towards the behavior of her superior who happens to work outside of that specific office. The superior officer comes in everyday to check up on their work, make small talk with the guys and also has a habit of always rubbing her shoulders when he walks over to her desk. She explains that the first time it happened she thought it was odd being that she doesn’t have that type of relationship with him and gave him a pass, but then it became a an everyday thing. She tried tactics such as getting up from her desk, walking away from him and even voiced to the other males how uncomfortable it made her; they thought it was funny. They too had a complaint about him on making them feel uncomfortable: he had a habit of grabbing and scratching his private parts; but accepted it as a guy thing and would be viewed in a negative way if they reported. Her reason for not reporting was because she was afraid to get him in trouble, he had a family and wouldn’t dare to jeopardize his career, or even worse be criticized for making a big deal out of nothing after all its just a shoulder rub.
Required Elements:
· Describe the situation in detail; already mentioned above;
· Analyze the differences in communication, problem-solving, and leadership between the men and the women in the situation;
· Did any stereotypical notions seem to influence the behaviors of the women and the men involved in the situation? If so, explain what were they? If not, indicate so.
· Identify challenges related to gender in the situation described.
· Identify best practices that address the challenges identified.
· Devise three to five action plans that could be implemented to strengthen the behaviors of men and women in the workplace. Action plans can be implements by HR, a management or manager, CEO, or employee. Make sure to provide ideas as to why the action plan is necessary or would be useful in the workplace.
· Do not offer o.
InstructionsThe objective of this assessment is to demonstrate y.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
The objective of this assessment is to demonstrate your understanding of how the human resource function interacts with other functions in the organization.
Create an agenda for New Employee Orientation at Southwood School. The orientation should last one full day. The new employee will meet with representatives from: HR, Finance, Information Technology and the school administrator.
Set up a schedule and time for each meeting. Give each meeting a subject title and short description.
The description of the meeting should provide in detail the pertinent information the new employee will learn from each representative.
Criteria 1
Advanced
2.5 points
Satisfactory
2 points
Partial
1.75 points
Not Satisfactory
0 points
Description of Human Resources
Comprehensive description of organizational area. All pertinent information is included: benefits, new employee checklist, policy manual, employee grievance process, performance evaluation/probationary periods, new hire paperwork.
Complete description of organizational area. All pertinent information is included: benefits, new employee checklist, policy manual, employee grievance process, performance evaluation/probationary periods, new hire paperwork.
Incomplete description of organizational area. Some of the following elements are not included: benefits, new employee checklist, policy manual, employee grievance process, performance evaluation/probationary periods, new hire paperwork.
Inadequate description of organizational area. Most pertinent information is not included: benefits, new employee checklist, policy manual, employee grievance process, performance evaluation/probationary periods, new hire paperwork.
Description of Finance
Comprehensive description of organizational area. All pertinent information is included: budget forms, budget process, cost containment initiatives, fund-raising initiatives.
Complete description of organizational area. All pertinent information is included: budget forms, budget process, cost containment initiatives, fund-raising initiatives.
Incomplete description of organizational area. Some of the following elements are not included: budget forms, budget process, cost containment initiatives, fund-raising initiatives.
Inadequate description of organizational area. Most pertinent information is not included: budget forms, budget process, cost containment initiatives, fund-raising initiatives.
Description of Management
Comprehensive description of organizational area. All pertinent information is included: supervisor expectations, performance goals, office rules, cultural values, leave requests, sick leave, contact information, organizational chart, access to office and building.
Complete description of organizational area. All pertinent information is included: supervisor expectations, performance goals, office rules, cultural values, leave requests, sick leave, contact information, organizational chart, access to office and building.
Incomplete de.
InstructionsThis assignment will be checked using anti-plagia.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
This assignment will be checked using anti-plagiarism software and returned to your instructor with an originality report.
After Completion of Lab 2, Students Must complete a one page paper on a topic of their choice from the material covered in Lab 2.
It should include your name and a topic title.
It should be 1 page, 12 pt font, double spaced.
References (with whatever format you are comfortable using)should be included at the end of your paper.
This assignment is due by the Sunday, 15 November, at 11:55pm MST. (Students with Makeup Lab approval will complete the assignment after Makeup Lab).
Please attach using one of the following formats (.doc .pdf or .txt)
Turn the paper into the "Exams, Lab Reports and Research Paper" Link For Lab 1 Report.
Grading Criteria:
Lab Report Must be at least one page. (-5 for shortness of submission).
Additional page with References (use reference format you are familiar using) (-5 for no references).
Lab Report must explain how topic is discovered, developed, and applied....not a restatement of the Lab Activity. (-5 for explaining the Lab Activity).
Turn in your Report on time. (- 5 points deducted per week for late submissions!!! )
Choose ONE of the following topics:
-Light Box II: Color.
-Rainbow.
-Blue Sky.
-Interference.
-Polarizers.
-Ultraviolet Light.
-Infrared Light. (IR).
-Computer Optical Microscope.
-X-ray Fluorescence.
-Scanning Electron Microscopy.
-Optical Microscopy.
“When you’re a Spy, your job title can be anything, from Manager to Waiter, even criminal. The reason for the multitude of names? As a Spy, your job is to gather information from a range of sources, and you need to do it in any way you can. That includes putting on a disguise.
There are a few different paths that you can take to get into this career, and you can focus on a range of specialties, from technical to languages. The title “Spy” isn’t really used anymore. Instead, you’re now called a Covert Investigator or, more broadly, a CIA Agent. Whatever the title, it means you investigate and protect US interests abroad.
You investigate things like terrorism, fraud, corrupt governments, and a wide variety of other crimes. Your job is to keep Policymakers and the President of the United States aware and informed on the happenings around the world.
You can find the information you need in a lot of different ways. You might get to go undercover and pretend to be a different person, but for the most part, your job is much more routine. You carry out interviews with informants and allied Agents, analyze data, and read through research. You look for possible international problems, such as civil unrest, war, famine—anything that can cause problems for the United States.
This job involves a lot of collaboration and communication. You work with other Agents, international police forces, or informants. The informants you work with are usually average people, so the ability to speak their language is a big plus.”.
instructionss.docxjust to make sure againi need u to ext.docxdirkrplav
instructionss.docx
just to make sure again
i need u to extend the :
introduction.
literature review.
adding conclusion.
adding recomendation
adding appendix
adding references (for what i have now and what you will write more)
the report now is 40 pages aprox
i want it to be 65 pages (including everything.. apendix, referances, etc...)
transmission-tower.docx
Content
Chapter one: Introduction.................................................................................................
Chapter two: Literature review......................................................................................
Chapter three: Design and analysis.................................................................................
Chapter four: results and discussion..............................................................................
Chapter five: conclusion and recommendation..................................................................
Chapter one
Introduction
Electrical Power transmission towers are used to support a transmission line's phase conductors and shield wires for the transmission of voltages in excess of 345kV or less than that depending on the kind of structure and material used and the transmission requirement. The transmission tower structures can broadly be categorized into lattice types or the pole types. Whereas pole types can be made of wood, concrete or steel and used for lower voltage transmission, the lattice types are usually made of sections of steel angles and are used for higher voltages transmission. Also each transmission structure can be self supporting or it can be guyed. Another factor that affects design choice is the nature of prevalent climatic loads around the area of installation of transmission towers. Depending on the design loads, the configuration can vary largely between horizontal configuration, vertical or delta configuration and again accessibility and right of way issues will also have to be considered. Some relevant standards and codes will have to be followed in the design of transmission towers such as National Electrical Safety Code (NESC), ASCE loading code, OSHA operational safety codes, etc.
From the brief background given the main point is that in recent times some new tower designs that are both aesthetically pleasing and structurally sound have been required for the overhead transmission of power and this is what this project attempts to design.
Aim
The aim of the project is to investigate existing tower design literature and finally apply analyze and design a novel both aesthetically pleasing and structurally sound tower.
Loads on transmission towers
Before designing transmission tower structures state laws, rules and regulation will require that design follows standard codes in order to meet minimum for loading for acceptable level of safety. Relevant loading guidelines for electrical transmission line structural loading will have to be strictly followed to ens.
InstructionsProvide an analysis of the affects of the publics.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Provide an analysis of the affects of the publics widespread interest on televised crime dramas on the manner that the criminal justice system is administered.
1 page in length
12 pt font
Double Spaced
Arial or Times New Roman
APA formatted references for any quoted or paraphrased material
.
InstructionsProblem #Point ValueYour Points14243446526167484915101411512121341461000
Directions:
All answers are to be contained in one excel file. Please do not delete this tab (the instructions tab).
This is an open book, open notes exam. The one limitation is that you may not work with other people. This test must be completed independently. Be sure your name is on your document. Good luck!
Q1
Q1. What is the risk of performing the t-test using pooled variance, if the variances between the two samples are actually unequal (i.e. fail the F test)? (Select the correct answer from the choices below.)
A. You will fail to adjust for sample size.
B. You may falsely accept or reject the null hypothesis.
C. Your result will only be applicable for a one-tail t-test.
Q2
Q2. Which measure of central tendency can be used for both numerical and categorical variables? (Select the correct answer from the choices below.)
A. Median
B. Geometric Mean
C. Mode
D. Arithmetic Mean
Q3
Q3. The probability that a new advertising campaign will increase sales is assessed as being 0.80. The probability that the cost of developing the new ad campaign can be kept within the original budget allocation is 0.40. Assuming that the two events are independent, the probability that the cost is kept within budget and the campaign will increase sales is: (Select the correct answer from the choices below.)
A. 0.32
B. 0.68
C. 0.88
D. 0.20
Q4Q4.Age in YearsNumber of Students (f)Under 21494621 - 25480826 - 30267331 - 3529036Over 35525Total41988A. Find P (B)B.Find P (E)
The age distribution of students at a community college is given below:
Suppose a student is selected at random. Let
A = the event the student is under 21
B = the event the student’s age is between 21 and 25
C = the event the student’s age is between 26 and 30
D = the event the student’s age is between 31 and 35
E = the event the student’s age is 35 and under
Q5
Q5: Statistical significance can be determined from descriptive statistical analysis alone? (Select the correct answer from the choices below.)
A. True
B. False
Q6
Q6. Refer to the tab titled "thrombosus data" for data required to solve this problem. You are looking at patients supported by a Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD). Within this patient group, you have Group No (those who have not had a thrombus event) and Group Yes (those who have had a thrombus event). A thrombus event is an event in which a blood clot developed in the LVAD. Data has been sorted in the tab "Thrombus Event" to list "No" thrombus event patients first. In addition, you have data related to time (in days) that the patient has been supported by the LVAD. You'd like to know if patients in Group No have been supported for the same amount of time on their LVADs as those in Group Yes. You believe that the longer a patient is supported by an LVAD , the more likely the patient is to have a thrombus event. Therefore,.
InstructionsPlease answer the following question in a minimum.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Please answer the following question in a minimum of 500 words. Be sure to include 2 citations.
Question:
On August 31, 2010, Chickasaw Industries issued $25 million of its 30-year, 6% convertible bonds dated August 31, priced to yield 5%. The bonds are convertible at the option of the investors into 1,500,000 shares of Chickasaw's common stock. Chickasaw records interest expense at the effective rate. On August 31, 2013, investors in Chickasaw's convertible bonds tendered 20% of the bonds for conversion into common stock that had a market value of $20 per share on the date of the conversion. On January 1, 2012, Chickasaw Industries issued $40 million of its 20-year, 7% bonds dated January 1 at a price to yield 8%. On December 31, 2013, the bonds were extinguished early through acquisition in the open market by Chickasaw for $40.5 million.
Required:
1.
Using the book value method, would recording the conversion of the 6% convertible bonds into common stock affect earnings? If so, by how much? Would earnings be affected if the market value method is used? If so, by how much?
2.
Were the 7% bonds issued at face value, at a discount, or at a premium? Explain.
3.
Would the amount of interest expense for the 7% bonds be higher in the first year or second year of the term to maturity? Explain.
4.
How should gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt be determined? Does the early extinguishment of the 7% bonds result in a gain or loss? Explain.
Statistics Questions to Answer.doc.rtf
2
*Note: An Excel Workbook has also been uploaded. Within that workbook are 8 XLS files which are included in 8 separate tabs. These files will be needed to answer most of the questions.This work is due Friday, September 19th
Q1)Fill in the blanks (show your work).
Variable
N
Mean
Median
TrMean
StDev
haircut
171
23.17
17.00
21.14
18.20
sleep
171
6.6477
7.0000
6.6487
0.8396
age
171
27.421
27.000
27.098
3.646
Correlations:haircut,sleep, age
haircut
sleep
sleep
-0.117
age
0.062
(1)
Covariances:haircut,sleep, age
haircut
sleep
age
haircut
(2)_
sleep
-1.79232
0.70491
age
4.12314
-0.45372
13.29226
Blank 1 =
Blank 2 =
Q2)Is the following statement correct? Explain why or why not.
“A correlation of 0 implies that no relationship exists between the two variables under study.”
Q3)Does how long children remain at the lunch table help predict how much they eat? The data in file lunchtime.xls (File is in Tab#1 of Excel Workbook) gives information on 20 toddlers observed over several months at a nursery school. “Time” is the average number of minutes a child spent at the table when lunch was served. “Calories” is the average number of calories the child consumed during lunch, calculated from careful observation of what the child ate each day.
Findthecorrelationforthesedata.
Supposeweweretorecordtimeatthetableinhoursratherthaninminutes.Howwouldthecorrelationchange?Why?
Writeasentenceortwoexplainingwhatthiscorrelationmeansfort.
InstructionsMy report is about the future of work and focuses the .docxdirkrplav
Instructions
My report is about the future of work and focuses the role of a woman. I have already done some work for this report. Down below you will see the points we spoke about in the report and why we chose this subject. More importantly, you will also see the scenario we came up with and the framing questions we created. You will need both the scenario and framing questions and write a summary about it in 600 words. I need you to do this section:
*Scenario plan: Working together the group is required to construct a future scenario using the scenario template. The completed scenario will be attached in the appendix. You will need to insert in your report a summary of your future scenario identifying the evidence/trends it is based upon, framing questions and key elements around work that are relevant to your analysis to the future of work (Approx 600 words). (The template & framing questions should be in your appendix.)Introduction
· The future of work will have an impact on women in terms of employment and job positions in an organization.
· Corporations will be equally hiring men and women based on their skills and knowledge.
· The wage gap between genders will decrease in the near future.
· Women will become more independent leading the marriage rates to drop.
· When it comes to politics, the role of a women in a less developed country will change significantly as women are now allowed to vote and become members of the parliament. Rationale
· Theme: Gender and diversity
· Why?
Coming from an Arab country, we have noticed many changes in the typical role of women all around the world. We noticed that women are starting to change their habits and lifestyle. Women are becoming highly educated, searching for independence, and working more to enhance their career path. Women are no longer categorized as the traditional housewivesScenario: Everything Will Change“Post-Fordism”
Society and culture
-Feminized values
-Women and men equally valued
-Make, do, and mend culture
-Increasing diversity
Family life
-Parents work long hours little time for kids
-Schools and institutions take greater responsibility for children
-Men contribute equally for child rearing, housework and time at work
Education
-Vocational
-Individual happiness linked to societal outcomes
The workplace
-Pay gap decrease between genders
-Equality between genders
-Even value of diversity
-Women greater presence in public, business life
-Responsible and ethical corporations
The environment
-No clean energy developed
-Wealthy nations survive while poor nations don’t do so well
Science and technology
-High surveillance of all citizens
-Innovation is highly valued
-Highly networked
-Development of new technology with few people to afford it
Politics
-Single party dominates
-Strong alliances between countries
-People vote according to policies that value social and environmental outcomes
-Women politicians increase
-Governmental regulations change regarding expatriates
Economics.
InstructionsInstructions for the Microsoft Excel TemplatesThis wor.docxdirkrplav
InstructionsInstructions for the Microsoft Excel TemplatesThis workbook (and only this workbook) should be submitted for grading.Assignment detail and information is contained within this workbook.You should enter your name into the cell at the top of the page.Each worksheet contains the identification of the problem or exercise.In general, the yellow highlighted cells are the cells which work and effort should be presented.All formatting should have been accomplished to provide satisfactory presentation. See the text for additional assistance in formatting.Place the proper account title in the cell where the word "Account title" appears on the template.Place the value in the cell where the word "Value" or "Amount" appears on the template. A formula may be placed in some of these cells.Write a formula into cells where the word "Formula" appears.Place the explanation for the entry in the cell where the word "Text Explanation" appears on the template.The print area is defined to fit onto 8 1/2" X 11" sheets in portrait or landscape mode as required.The problem is formatted for whole dollars with comma separations (no cents) except where required.Negative values may be shown as ($400) or -$400.Consider using "Split" panes to assist in copy and paste of data.Much of the exercises and problems can have data entered by the "look to" or "=A34" type formula where cell A34 contains the data to be entered. This precludes typing and data entry errors.
W3-T1Team #:Problem:W3-T1, Multiple- and Single Step Income, Retained Earnings (Chapter 4)The trial balance for ABC Corporation at September 30, 2014 is presented below.Sales Revenue$ 1,732,000Sales discounts45,000Depreciation expense (office furniture and equipment)$ 7,450Cost of goods sold932,000Property tax expense7,200Salaries and wages expense (sales)57,830Bad debt expense (selling)3,680Sales commissions98,600Maintenance and repairs expense (administration)8,230Travel expense (salespersons)29,830Office expense7,320Delivery expense22,300Sales returns and allowances65,100Entertainment expense15,620Dividends received40,000Telephone and internet expenses (sales)9,060Bond interest expense16,000Depreciation expense (sales equipment)4,980Income tax expense148,000Maintenance and repairs expense (sales)7,300Depreciation understatement due to error - 2011 (net of tax)18,300Miscellaneous selling expenses4,895Dividends declared on preferred stock10,000Office supplies used3,680Dividends declared on common stock38,000Telephone and internet expense (administration)2,910The retained earnings account had a balance of$ 423,000at October 1, 2013. There are85,000shares of common stock outstanding.a) Using the multiple-step form, prepare an income statement and a retained earnings statement for the year ending September 30, 2014ABC CorporationIncome StatementSeptember 30, 2014TitleAmountLess:TitleAmountTitleAmountFormulaNet SalesFormulaTitleAmountGross ProfitFormulaOperating ExpensesSelling ExpensesTitleAmountTitle.
InstructionsResearch and write a brief answer to the following .docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Research and write a brief answer to the following question. Your response should be between 150-300 words. Your work should follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.). Your writing should be well ordered, logical and unified, as well as original and insightful. Furthermore, all sources used should be properly cited using APA formatting. You can find a blank assignment template in the Doc Sharing.
Question:
Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is a management philosophy and a management method. Identify and explain the philosophical and methodological characteristics of CQI. Select the characteristic you find most valuable and explain why.
.
Instructionsinstructions.docxFinal Lab ReportYou are requ.docxdirkrplav
Instructions/instructions.docx
Final Lab Report
You are required to write a complete laboratory report that covers all three experiments for "Lab 2: Water Quality and Contamination," using knowledge gained throughout the course. To begin, download the Final Lab Report Template and utilize this form to ensure proper formatting and inclusion of all required material. Additionally, view the Sample Final Lab Report before beginning this assignment, which will illustrate what a Final Lab Report should look like. You must use at least four scholarly sources and your lab manual to support your points. The report must be six to ten pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Ashford Writing Center, located within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar.
The Final Lab Report must contain the following eight sections in this order:
1. Title Page – This page must include the title of your report, your name, course name, instructor, and date submitted.
2. Abstract – This section should provide a brief summary of the methods, results, and conclusions. It should allow the reader to see what was done, how it was done, and the results. It should not exceed 200 words and should be the last part written (although it should still appear right after the title page).
3. Introduction – This section should include background information on water quality and an overview of why the experiment was conducted. It should first contain background information of similar studies previously conducted. This is accomplished by citing existing literature from similar experiments. Secondly, it should provide an objective or a reason why the experiment is being done. Why do we want to know the answer to the question we are asking? Finally, it should end with all three hypotheses from your Week Two experiments. These hypotheses should not be adjusted to reflect the “right” answer. Simply place your previous hypotheses in the report here. You do not lose points for an inaccurate hypothesis; scientists often revise their hypotheses based on scientific evidence following the experiments.
4. Materials and Methods – This section should provide a detailed description of the materials used in your experiment and how they were used. A step-by-step rundown of your experiment is necessary; however, it should be done in paragraph form, not in a list format. The description should be exact enough to allow for someone reading the report to replicate the experiment, however, it should be in your own words and not simply copied and pasted from the lab manual.
5. Results – This section should include the data and observations from the experiment. All tables and graphs should be present in this section. In addition to the tables, you must describe the data in text; however, there should be no personal opinions or discussion outside of the results located within t.
INSTRUCTIONSInstructionsPlease evaluate, display, and interpret t.docxdirkrplav
InstructionsInstructions:Please evaluate, display, and interpret the attached dataset (tab=Data)Your results and discussions should be created and entered on additional worksheets within this Excel file.Notes:Please use descriptive and inferential statistics as well as generally accepted continuous quality improvement (CQI) tools, i.e., charts, tables, and graphs, for evaluation purposes.Please display and interpret the data using easy to understand format(s)Please tell a story that the data presents to exective leadership
DataSample DatasetWeekOfYearMembersSeenInOffice12122200319541695195622971828195917910174112161218613184142211519616199172051821019213201862121022225231802419725199262122722128226292013021231213322133320834189352083618437179381813919640188411984220043185442014521746203472024819549225501785119052199
.
InstructionsEach of your 2 replies must contain at least .docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Each of your 2 replies must contain at least 1 or 2 paragraphs including a minimum of 200 words. One of your replies must cover a topic different than the one you discussed in your thread. Seek to understand your classmate’s thread, including the economic theory and facts he/she presented as well as his/her points of view and real-world example. Aim to communicate your own understanding of relevant facts, your values, and your perspective on the topic. Each reply must contain at least 1 citation in current APA format.
Reply to these two:
#1 Monica
Three types of Unemployment
Unemployment is divided into three categories by economist: frictional, structural, and cyclical. Frictional unemployment is unemployment due to constant changes in the economy that prevent qualified unemployed workers from being immediately matched up with existing job openings (Gwartney et al.) Structural unemployment is unemployment due to structural characteristics of the economy that make it difficult for job seekers to find employment to hire workers (Gwartney et al.) Cyclical unemployment is unemployment due to recessionary business conditions and inadequate labor demand (Gwartney et al.)
“Frictional unemployment is not as harmful to an economy as other types of unemployment, such as cyclical and structural unemployment. That's because a rise in frictional unemployment is simply an increase of workers moving toward better positions (Amadeo).”
Frictional unemployment comes from imperfect information. An example would be most businesses now when they are in the hiring process they will do a bunch of interviews and spend money trying to find the best person for that job. The people who are looking for jobs are constantly looking on the internet, the newspaper, local bulletin boards, and social media for the right job that fits them. In the county I live with I see a lot of structural unemployment. People that do have job openings require education; the ones who are unemployed have no education so they aren’t qualified. A lot of office jobs require you to have computer knowledge. Around my home town, there is very little education especially when it comes to technology. The last type of unemployment we see happening today all around the world. Businesses are cutting back and laying employees off. Where I currently work, when someone leaves, they aren’t filling the positions. We have to do more work with fewer employees.
I have a friend who lost her job and I try to encourage her to never give up and keep her faith. Philippians 4:5 states, “Do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your request be made known to God.” That is a good scripture for everyone who is unemployed to keep in mind. Times can be tough when you are looking for a job, but the Bible tells us to never give up, and pray about it.
Amadeo, K. (2014). Frictional Unemployment. US Economy. Retrieved from
http://useconomy.
InstructionsInstructions for numberguessernumberGuesser.html.docxdirkrplav
Instructions/Instructions for numberguesser/numberGuesser.html
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Instructions/Instructions for shoerental/ShoeRentalClass.html
Instructions/lab4.docx
1. Complete the Programmers Workshop on pg 313-316 (Including Detective Work). Upload the numberGuesser.html file here.
2. Complete the Object Lesson on pg 316-320 (Including Detective Work). Upload the ShoeRentalClass.html page you create here.
Introduction to Unix - POS420
Unix Lab Exercise Week 5
Job Control :
1. How to suspend the jobs running in foreground ?
Open a file in vi and press CTRL-Z to put it into background
$ vi filename
CTRL-Z
filename[New file]
[1] + Stopped vi filename
$
where 1 is the job number, + or - make the current and previous jobs.
2. How to make it run in foreground ?
You can use fg command to make it run in foreground. If more than one job is suspended, you can use fg %n where n is the number is the sequence of the process to make that process come in foreground.
$ fg %1
Now you will see vi editor again.
3. How to make it run in background ? (Only stopped jobs)
You can use bg command to make it run in background. If more than one job is suspended, you can use bg %n where n is the number is the sequence of the process to make that process come in background.
Let us suspend this job one more time.
$ vi filename
CTRL-Z
filename[New file]
[1] + Stopped vi filename
$
Let us run in background .
$ bg %1
4. Another way to suspend a job by using kill command.
Run vi in this session.
Open another connection through telnet. Now you have two sessions.
Type ps command to see what processes are running.
$ ps
PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND
5226 q7 S 0:01 -ksh (ksh) - This is new shell
6314 q7 R 0:00 ps
5487 ub S 0:00 -ksh (ksh) - This is previous shell
6312 ub S 0:00 vi filename - vi is running in previous session.
Now send a STOP signal to the process. kill -l will give you a lo\ist of signals.
$ kill -STOP 6312
Now you will see this in the other session
[1] + Stopped (signal) vi filename
To .
InstructionsI need 3 pages of the four questions. That is abo.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
I need 3 pages of the four questions. That is about 200 words for each question. The answers MUST be articulate and to the point. I do not pay for shoddy work. Give me a paragraph for each question. Use the links given for each question as your sources. You can seek outside references as additional sources if need be. Thank you.
2. How did Hellenism spread, how far did it spread, and what effects did it have on both Greeks and those unfamiliar with Greek culture? Give some examples of Hellenistic influences on the Mediterranean world and its culture post Alexander the Great.
http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/peloponnesian-war http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/haht/hd_haht.htm http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/ArrAlex.html
3. What were the main achievements and failures of the Roman Republic? Give some examples of some of the issues that impacted Roman life and society during the Republic and discuss these. How did the crisis of leadership in the late Republic lead to civil war, particularly after the assassination of Julius Caesar?
http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Roman_Republic.html http://www.class.uh.edu/mcl/classics/Rom/Livy.html
4. Augustus effectively became the first Roman Emperor in 31 BC and initiated a series of reforms that began a 200 year period of relative tranquility, peace, and prosperity for Rome and its Empire. Why were his successors, particularly after 180 AD, generally not as successful in expanding upon his achievements?
http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/ http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/nicolaus.html
5. How did Christian ideas and practices respond to changing political and social circumstances in the later Roman Empire? What appeal did Christianity have for Romans at this time, and what accounted for its spread? What role did the Emperor Constantine play in its success?
http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-empire/causes-for-the-fall-of-the-roman-empire.htm http://www.westmont.edu/~fisk/articles/TacitusAndPlinyOnTheEarlyChristians.html
.
InstructionsFor this assignment, collect data exhibiting a relat.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
For this assignment, collect data exhibiting a relatively linear trend, find the line of best fit, plot the data and the line, interpret the slope, and use the linear equation to make a prediction. Also, find r2 (coefficient of determination) and r (correlation coefficient). Discuss your findings. Your topic may be that is related to sports, your work, a hobby, or something you find interesting. If you choose, you may use the suggestions described below.
A Linear Model Example and Technology Tips are provided in separate documents.
Tasks for Linear Regression Model (LR)
(LR-1) Describe your topic, provide your data, and cite your source. Collect at least 8 data points. Label appropriately. (Highly recommended: Post this information in the Linear Model Project discussion as well as in your completed project. Include a brief informative description in the title of your posting. Each student must use different data.)
The idea with the discussion posting is two-fold: (1) To share your interesting project idea with your classmates, and (2) To give me a chance to give you a brief thumbs-up or thumbs-down about your proposed topic and data. Sometimes students get off on the wrong foot or misunderstand the intent of the project, and your posting provides an opportunity for some feedback. Remark: Students may choose similar topics, but must have different data sets. For example, several students may be interested in a particular Olympic sport, and that is fine, but they must collect different data, perhaps from different events or different gender.
(LR-2) Plot the points (x, y) to obtain a scatterplot. Use an appropriate scale on the horizontal and vertical axes and be sure to label carefully. Visually judge whether the data points exhibit a relatively linear trend. (If so, proceed. If not, try a different topic or data set.)
(LR-3) Find the line of best fit (regression line) and graph it on the scatterplot. State the equation of the line.
(LR-4) State the slope of the line of best fit. Carefully interpret the meaning of the slope in a sentence or two.
(LR-5) Find and state the value of r2, the coefficient of determination, and r, the correlation coefficient. Discuss your findings in a few sentences. Is r positive or negative? Why? Is a line a good curve to fit to this data? Why or why not? Is the linear relationship very strong, moderately strong, weak, or nonexistent?
(LR-6) Choose a value of interest and use the line of best fit to make an estimate or prediction. Show calculation work.
(LR-7) Write a brief narrative of a paragraph or two. Summarize your findings and be sure to mention any aspect of the linear model project (topic, data, scatterplot, line, r, or estimate, etc.) that you found particularly important or interesting.
Scatterplots, Linear Regression, and Correlation [Section 1.4, starting on page 114 in the textbook]
When we have a set of data, often we would like to develop a model that fits the data.
First .
InstructionsFor this week’s assignment, you will synthesize the .docxdirkrplav
Instructions
For this week’s assignment, you will synthesize the most relevant information in the situation below, and present a solution in your own words, using your own analysis. You will not use all of the information included in the scenario. Remember it is not appropriate to cut and paste entire sections from the situation to substitute for your own analysis.
The objective of the assignment is to organize your message in a way that will be most effective in persuading the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to take action.
Situation: Convincing the CEO to Approve a Public Relations Plan
You are the director of public relations for Easy to Be Green, the innovative new company that helps homeowners, businesses, and municipalities become more environmentally friendly. The company has been active in environmental issues in the community since its founding a few years ago and generally has good community relations. Recently EBG’s director of research, who is strongly opinionated about environmental issues, spoke in public about the environmental practices of some local companies who employ many people in the community. Lately, you’ve found that some of your local contacts seem a little less interested in EBG’s public relations initiatives, and there has even been a small drop in sales. There may be no connections between these events, but you want to be proactive about the company’s community relations.
You also want to protect the company against charges of hypocrisy. The other day you as walked through the parking lot, it occurred to you that the majority of the employees drive SUVs, pick-ups, and other kinds of gas guzzlers. This includes the CEO, whose family car is a luxury sedan. The company’s delivery and service vans are also not the most environmentally-friendly vehicles.
After a little research, you come up with a tentative plan. You have learned that a local hybrid car dealership has been offering an interesting deal. Employees of companies that buy hybrids as company vehicles can get discounts when they buy hybrids for themselves. You think that the company should consider purchasing a couple of hybrid vans and encourage employees to buy hybrids for themselves by offering substantial rebates for these purchases. You want to get the CEO’s approval before you pursue this idea any further. You anticipate that he will have significant resistance. The company vehicles are not due for replacement, and the rebates to employees could add up to quite a lot if many employees take up the offer. On the other hand, if only a few employees take up the offer, a significant environmental initiative will seem like a failure. The CEO is a risk-taker in terms of business initiatives but tends to be conservative in management practices. He might also be a little defensive about the hybrid promotion plan because of his own vehicle choices.
You feel strongly that the potential benefits of this plan—in long-term savings on gas, in goo.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Innovation Creating Long-term Value in New Business Models an.docx
1. Innovation: Creating Long-term Value in New Business Models
and
Technology
Published : February 27, 2006 in [email protected]
In their book, Making Innovation Work: How to Manage It,
Measure It and Profit
from It (Wharton School Publishing), authors Tony Davila,
Marc J. Epstein and
Robert Shelton make the case that innovation is not a one-time
event, but a
process that must be continuously managed, measured and
carried out in all a
company's products, services and business functions. Using
specific companies as
examples, and drawing on existing research as well as their own
experiences in
the field, the authors demonstrate what works and what doesn't,
and offer advice
on how to consistently maximize the value of innovation
investments. Below is an
excerpt from Chapter Two, entitled Mapping Innovation: What
Is Innovation
and How Do You Leverage It?
A New Model of Strategic Innovation
One of the most common misconceptions is that innovation is
primarily, if not
exclusively, about changing technology. Mention innovation to
many
business-savvy CEOs, and they envision R&D labs where
engineers and
2. scientists are developing the next new technology. However,
innovation is not
just about changing technologies.
High-performing companies innovate by leveraging both new
business models and improved
technologies. In Chapter 1, "Driving Success: How You
Innovate Determines What You Innovate," we
described the business model innovation of Dell and the
technology and business model innovations of
Apple. There are plenty of other examples. eBay developed a
new online business model for auctions
using readily available, albeit fairly new, Internet technology.
The retail giant Wal-Mart currently
dominates its retail space, and has used commercially available
computer communication technologies to
hyper-integrate its supply chain with suppliers, thereby creating
a new business model with significant
cost savings.
Nick Donofrio, lead researcher at IBM, said, "We define
'innovation' as our ability to create new value at
the intersection of business and technology. We have to have
new insights. We have to do things
differently. We cannot rely just on invention or technology for
success."
Even the stodgy, asset-intensive steel industry has seen
innovation of this type. Nucor Steel transformed
the steel industry when it developed a production technology to
turn old metal into steel, and changed its
business model to capture maximum value. Nucor's new
business model focused on relatively small
volume production of high-value products, effectively reversing
the heritage industry model of large-scale
production runs of commodity products. The combined effect of
3. the technology change and the business
model shift sent ripples of change throughout the industry.
Rarely does a technology change occur without also causing a
change in business processes. The reverse
is also true. Both innovations go together and have to be
thought and implemented as a whole. For
instance, a new technology may require changes in the way the
manufacturing facility organizes its work,
or a change in how marketing communicates with the company's
customers.
This is a single/personal use copy of
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One of the best-known examples of business model driven
4. innovation is the history of the auto industry in
the first half of the 20th century. Initially, all cars were
manufactured in shops, and were very
labor-intensive; each unit was a unique piece of artisan work.
The first radical change in the business
model came with Henry Ford's move toward standardization and
applying the concepts of a production
line to the car industry. While Ford used new technologies --
mainly process technologies to increase the
efficiency of its production lines and its supply chains -- the
radical innovation came from the business
model dimension, where the whole concept of the auto industry
was turned upside down: from shop work
to production line, from product performance to product cost,
from customization to standardization, from
assembly to vertical integration, from niche market to mass
market.
The second transition came when General Motors again
redefined the business model, this time at the
expense of Ford. Alfred Sloan relied on even less technology
than Ford to execute its business model
transformation. His ingenuity played through the business
model and management knowledge (soft
technology, if you want) to overtake Ford. General Motors
segmented the market, offered differentiated
functionality to each segment, and introduced flexibility in the
production process to offer a richer product
line.
Successful organizations combine technology change and
business model change to create innovation. In
addition, to successfully integrate a robust model of innovation
into the business mentality, the CEO and
the leadership team must balance both the business and
technology elements of innovation.
5. [There are six levers for change. In the business model
innovation these include value proposition, supply
chain and target customers. In technology innovation, they
include product and services, process
technologies and enabling technologies.]
Business Model Change
Business models describe how a company creates, sells, and
delivers value to its customers. The three
areas where business model change can drive innovation are:
Value proposition: What is sold and delivered to the market.
Supply chain: How it is created and delivered to the market.
Target customer: To whom it is delivered.
These are the fundamental elements in every business strategy
and the logical focal points for innovation.
Value Proposition
Changes in the value proposition of the product or service --
essentially, what you sell and deliver to the
marketplace -- may be an entirely new product or service or an
expanded proposition for an existing
offering. For example, several brands of toothpaste have
recently added whitening to their ever-growing
list of delivered values such as cavity protection, breath
improvement, and tartar control. Likewise,
automobile manufacturers often add new features to their car
and truck models, or they provide enhanced
after-purchase services. In the world of computing and
information management, IBM is moving away
from a product-driven value proposition and has tightly bundled
6. a wide range of services with its
products.
In fact, services have become a major part of its business; in
2003, 48% of IBM's revenues came from
providing services, generating 41% of profits. IBM's acquisition
of PricewaterhouseCoopers (now IBM
Global Services) and the growth of hosted applications within
the OnDemand initiative are all strategic
moves towards enhancing the service aspect of IBM's product
offering. Amazon changed its service
offering to become an online mall or retail platform selling
goods from other retailers on its site, such as
clothes from the Gap, Nordstrom, and Eddie Bauer and sporting
goods with more than 3,000 brands.
All materials copyright of the Wharton School of the Universit
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)
http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=1396
Supply Chain
The second element of innovative business model change is the
supply chain -- how value is created and
delivered to the market. Changes to the supply chain are usually
"behind-the-scenes," changes that
customers typically do not see. This type of business model
change affects steps along the value chain,
7. including the way an entity organizes, partners, and operates to
produce and deliver its products and
services. In the 1980s, when Sun Microsystems worked with
outside organizations as strategic partners to
provide value-creating activities, it created a new approach to
outsourcing, and a big competitive
advantage -- but you could not discern it explicitly in its
products.
Also, supply chain changes can result from combining parts of
the supply chain that typically are
provided by different companies. For example, when General
Electric began to couple service contracts
with its manufactured electric turbines, it created new synergies
and value in its part of the supply chain.
Customers bought the package of hardware and service, and GE
was able to secure above-average
margins for the industry. This was a significant innovation with
major market implications; the business
model changed to include hardware and service as bundled
products, requiring companies in the space to
master both aspects to remain competitive.
Innovations may also come from redefining relationships with
suppliers. Toyota redefined this
relationship in the car industry during the 1970s. Toyota
changed from the traditional confrontational
relationship between suppliers and automakers to a
collaborative relationship where suppliers participated
in the successes and failures of the automaker. Innovations can
also come from carefully managing
relationships with complementary assets. The success of
Microsoft's entry in the gaming market with its
Xbox was dependent on the growth of game developers that
would develop applications for Xbox as well
as the growth of the Xbox itself.
8. Target Customer
Changes in to whom you sell -- the target customer segments --
usually occur when an organization
identifies a segment of customers to whom it does not currently
direct its marketing, sales, and
distribution efforts that would consider its products and services
valuable. For example, developers of the
nutritional bars originally targeted athletes and extreme sports
participants. Later it was realized that
other customer segments -- such as women -- were a potentially
large set of customers for the value of
nutritional bars. With relatively small changes to the
ingredients, packaging, and advertising, the potential
market for the bars was increased several-fold.
Dockers, a clothing brand of ready-to-wear clothing,
specifically targeted the "lower-maintenance"
customer group with its stain-fighting and no-iron khakis.
Dockers targeted these fashion-challenged men
with its signature khakis, a departure from its usual targeted
segment of fashion-conscious men, and
experienced renewed growth.
While innovation driven by changes to the targeted customers is
not as common as changes to the supply
chain or value proposition, it is an important lever for
innovation and should not be overlooked when
companies are looking for opportunities to innovate.
These three levers -- the value proposition, supply chain, and
the target customer -- are the basis for
creating business model innovation that leading companies such
as Dell, Nucor Steel, and GE have used
to their advantage.
9. Technology Change
Sometimes new technologies are a major part of an innovation,
and they stand out and garner significant
attention. Other times, the new technologies are hidden out of
sight and can only be seen by the technical
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)
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people servicing them. Either way, technology change can fuel
innovations in three distinct ways; namely
in
Product and service offerings
Process technologies
Enabling technologies
Product and Service Offerings
A change to a products or service that a company offers in the
marketplace -- or the introduction of an
entirely new product -- is the most easily recognized type of
innovation because consumers see the
changes first-hand. In today's fast-changing market, consumers
have come to expect significant and
10. recurring technological innovation of this type. Consumers have
been conditioned to expect product
innovation to such an extent now that it is common for people
to time their purchases -- waiting for the
release of a new model of an MP3 player with additional
features and increased storage capacity.
Other examples of product-based technology innovation include
the frequent new features released on
mobile phones and automobiles. New "blockbuster" prescription
drugs are also the result of this type of
innovation. McDonald's introduction of low-fat oil enabled it to
capture a new market segment --
health-conscious consumers -- with the same product and
service offering. The new oil does not affect the
taste (or perceived quality) of its offering but makes the product
attractive to an entirely new segment,
and possibly enhances the attractiveness to existing customers.
McDonald's pioneered this approach to
fast food, and it has enabled the company to maximize the value
out of its existing product and service
offering.
While this type of innovation is very important and can have a
significant impact on company success, it
is not the only form of technological innovation.
Process Technologies
When we think about technology innovation, we think about
innovation that drives the performance of
the products or services that the company offers. For example,
when we think about memory chips we
think about capacity, access speed, or even energy consumption.
Product innovation comes to mind
because it quickly translates into functionality that the customer
11. can value and price. But product
innovation is only one application of technology.
Changes in the technologies that are integral parts of product
manufacturing and service delivery can
result in better, faster, and less expensive products and services.
These process technology changes are
usually invisible to the consumer but often vital to a product's
competitive posture. Examples include food
processing technologies, automobile manufacturing, petroleum
refining, electricity generation, and
manufacturing in every industry. Process technologies also
include the materials used in the
manufacturing, because manufacturing and materials are
intimately connected. For service providers, the
process technologies are those elements that allow the service to
be delivered -- the equipment that sends
and receives the telephone signals that make up phone service,
the package sorting stations, and delivery
trucks that allow packages to be delivered by express package
service companies, and the airplanes and
airports that provide air transport services. For products and
services, process technologies are an
essential part of the innovation equation.
Companies continually strive to make changes to the process
technologies that could reduce cost and
improve the quality of existing products or services. This is
especially true in commodity products or
services where it is increasingly difficult to differentiate the
product or service; in commodities, cost is
often the only way to compete. Certainly the electric utility
industry feels this cost pressure in production,
transmission, and distribution of electricity. However, the
competitiveness of all products and services are
benefited by improvements in process technologies.
12. All materials copyright of the Wharton School of the Universit
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)
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Enabling Technologies
A third source of technology innovation resides in what we call
enabling technology. Rather than
changing the functionality of the product or the process,
enabling technology enables a company to
execute the strategy much faster and leverage time as a source
of competitive advantage. For example,
information technology facilitates the exchange of information
among the various participants in the
value chain. Closer communications speeds up business
processes from product development to supply
chain management.
Though the least visible to customers, change in enabling
technologies, such as information technologies,
can be very important because they help ensure better decision-
making and financial management. For
example, Wal-Mart has made important changes to its enabling
information management technologies,
with significant improvement in its ability to track and manage
its partners, the supply chain, and
finances.
13. This new model of innovation requires integrating the
management of business models and
technologies inside the company. But this integration does not
always occur. Facing increasingly
effective competition, Intel in 2004 was spending billions on
developing and commercializing
technology innovations but not apparently on business model
innovation. The question asked in
Silicon Valley was not whether Intel had the right technologies
but did it have the right business
model to compete in the years ahead. It appeared to many that
business model and technology
innovation had become separated. Traditionally, organizations
create and manage the changes to
business models in parts of the organization that are far
removed -- physically and culturally --
from where the technology change is managed. Successful
innovation depends on the integration
of the mental models and the activities regarding business
models and technology management.
This is a single/personal use copy of [email protected] For
multiple copies, custom reprints, e-prints, posters or plaques,
please contact
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)
mailto:[email protected]
14. http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=1396
275
E
nergy comes in many forms. In most industrial nations, coal,
oil, and natural gas are the predominant fuels. These non-
renewable forms of energy are the lifeblood of modern indus-
trial societies, but they are also a potential Achilles’ heel. If
you
cut the supply off for even a brief moment, industry would come
to a standstill. Agriculture and mining would halt. Millions
would
be out of work. Automobiles would vanish from city streets. Al-
most everything in our homes would cease to operate. In
addition,
as the Gulf oil spill in 2010 showed, our dependence on these
fuels can be extremely costly!
Many of the less developed nations have pinned their hopes for
economic progress on their ability to tap into oil, coal, natural
gas,
and to a lesser extent nuclear power, which have fueled the
indus-
Nonrenewable Energy
Sources
Energy Use: Our Growing
Dependence on Nonrenewable
Fuels
What Is Energy?
Fossil Fuels: Analyzing Our
15. Options
Fossil Fuels: Meeting Future
Demand
Nuclear Energy
Guidelines for Creating a
Sustainable Energy System
Establishing Priorities
Spotlight on Sustainable
Development 14-1: Controversy
Over Oil Exploration in the
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
Spotlight on Sustainable
Development 14-2: Coca-Cola
Goes Green
Point/Counterpoint: Should We
Drill for Oil in the Arctic
National Wildlife Refuge?
Point/Counterpoint: Should
Nuclear Power Be Revived?
14.7
14.6
14.5
14.4
14.3
14.2
14.1
CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER 14
16. That human beings are fallible has been known since the
beginning of time, but modern technology adds new
urgency to the recognition.
—Garrett Hardin
276 PART IV. Resource Issues:
Solution
s for a Sustainable Society
FIGURE 14-1 Chang-
ing options. Energy
consumption in the
United States by fuel
type from 1850 to the
present. As this graph
shows, U.S. energy de-
pendence has shifted
over the years from
wood to oil, coal, and
natural gas. (Quad =
quadrillion BTUs.)
17. Source: US Statistical
Abstract.
CRITICAL THINKING
Exercise
Global climate change has led many propo-
nents of nuclear energy in the United States
to lobby the public and Congress for renewed
support of nuclear energy to lessen America’s
dependence on foreign oil and coal. Adver-
tisements in prominent magazines still tout
the benefits of nuclear power. In such ads,
proponents of nuclear power note that this
technology has the added benefit of not
contributing to global warming, a problem
worsened by the combustion of fossil fuels—
especially coal, oil, and oil byproducts such
as gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel.
Is this thinking valid? Why or why not?
oil, natural gas, and nuclear energy. It looks at their
impacts and their abundance. It ends with some
guidelines on creating a sustainable energy future.
18. Energy Use:
Our Growing Dependence
on Nonrenewable Fuels
U.S. and Canadian Energy Consumption
One hundred years ago, Americans had few choices for en-
ergy (FIGURE 14-1). Wood, a renewable resource, was the
main form of energy. Today, the nation’s options are many:
coal, oil, natural gas, hydropower, geothermal energy, solar
power, nuclear power, and wind.
American energy options began to expand in the late
1800s as wood, which once fueled the nation’s factories,
became depleted. Coal began to be used in factories, but
coal was a dirty, bulky fuel that was expensive to mine
and transport. When oil and natural gas were made
available in the early 1900s, coal use began to fall. The new,
cleaner-burning fuels were easier and cheaper to transport.
Today, despite numerous energy options, the United
States depends primarily on three fossil fuels: oil, natural gas,
and coal. In 2008, oil accounted for 37% of total energy con-
sumption (FIGURE 14-2a). Natural gas provided 24%, and
coal provided nearly 23% of the energy. All told, fossil fuels
19. account for nearly 85% of our energy use. Nuclear power,
another nonrenewable fuel, provided 8.5%. Renewable
sources—solar, geothermal, and hydropower—supplied a
little over 7%.
Canada is also heavily dependent on fossil fuels. In 2008,
coal, oil, natural gas, and other fossil fuels accounted for 66%
of the nation’s total energy consumption. Canada relies heav-
ily on nuclear energy, which meets 7% of its total demand.
Wood makes up the remaining supplies along with renewable
14.1
Nuclear energy
Hydropower, geothermal, and others
Natural gas
Oil
Coal
Wood
22. 1940 1960 1980
trial transformation of the wealthy nations. China,
for example, is hoping to get much of its future en-
ergy from its abundant supplies of coal and from
oil it imports from other countries. According to
several sources, China is building hundreds of coal-
fired power plants to supply electricity to its
vast and continually growing population, which is
experiencing rapid economic growth.
Is the industrial world’s dependence on coal, oil,
natural gas, and nuclear energy sustainable? Can
less developed nations achieve success by follow-
ing in our footsteps?
This chapter examines the sustainability of the
predominant nonrenewable energy fuels—coal,
CHAPTER 14: Nonrenewable Energy Sources 277
FIGURE 14-2 The U.S. energy profile. (a) This
23. pie chart shows the major energy sources in the
United States in 2009. Oil, natural gas, and coal
are the three most commonly used fuels. (b) Ma-
jor energy consumers in the United States. Indus-
try and transportation lead the pack.
energy, primarily hydroelectricity, energy which supplies
about 25% of Canada’s annual energy demand. Renewable
energy from solar and wind sources provide negligible amounts
of power.
FIGURE 14-2b breaks down energy consumption by user
in the United States in 2009. As it shows, industry and the com-
mercial sector consume about 50% of the nation’s energy.
Transportation consumes about 28%, and residential use ac-
counts for about 22.4%.
KEY CONCEPTS
Global Energy Consumption
Virtually all industrial nations get the energy they need from
nonrenewable energy sources. On average, they receive about
85% of their energy from fossil fuels, 5% from nuclear power,
a type of nonrenewable energy, and 10% from renewables
such as solar and wind energy, although the renewable en-
24. ergy contribution is growing rapidly in many countries such
as the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Spain, and Den-
mark. (FIGURE 14-3a). In the less developed countries, renew-
able energy sources such as biomass (wood and cow dung, for
example) play a much more important role in supplying de-
mand, satisfying about 40% of their energy requirements (FIG-
URE 14-3b). Nonrenewable fossil fuels supply about 60% of the
total energy. Of nonrenewable energy fuels used in these coun-
tries, oil supplies the largest share. Coal and natural gas sup-
ply the rest. Nuclear power contributes only a tiny fraction of
their energy demand, in large part, because of the high cost of
this option.
Worldwide, the biggest users of energy are Americans,
who make up about 4.6% of the world’s population but con-
sume about 25% of its primary energy. On a per capita ba-
sis, Americans consume more than twice as much energy as
the people of Japan and Western Europe and about 16 times
more per capita than the people of less developed nations.
Canada is also a major consumer of energy, using more
per capita than any other nation except for Luxembourg.
With only 0.6% of the world’s population, Canada uses
Energy use in the United States has shifted considerably over
the
25. years. Today, the United States depends on a variety of fuel
sources. Fossil fuels provide the bulk of the energy. Industry
and business consume the majority of the fuel. Transportation
is another major energy consumer.
2.5% of the world’s energy. The reasons for
this are many. It is a large country, situated
in a cold climate. It has an energy-intensive
industrial economy with logging, mining,
agriculture, and energy production as the
chief sources of income. The extraction and processing of
energy resources alone contributes 7% to the nation’s Gross
Domestic Product. Historically, energy prices have been low
and Canadians tend to use energy inefficiently.
KEY CONCEPTS
Like the United States, most more developed countries rely pri-
marily on fossil fuels. Least developed countries depend on fos-
sil fuels as well, but they also receive a substantial amount of
energy from various renewable fuels, especially biomass. Amer-
icans make up a small portion of the world’s population but ac-
count for a very large percentage of global energy consumption.
Coal Transportation
26. Industry
(a) Ene r gy sou r ces (b) Ene r gy consume r s
Commercial
Residential
Oil
Nuclear
8.5%
Solar, geothermal,
and hydroelectric
7.3%
Natural gas
37.4%
22.5%
24%