2. Lesson 1:
Giving instructions
Can do: Give and follow instructions, orders and commands
Vocabulary: School rules
Grammar: Imperative form
3. The imperative verb is an action a speaker or writer wants someone
else to do. For this reason, they’re occasionally called “command
words” or “bossy verbs,” even though that may not be the speaker’s
or writer’s intent.
“Open the window” is an example of an imperative sentence, with
the imperative verb being open.
You can make imperative sentences sound a little softer in tone by
adding the word please somewhere in the sentence, such as right
before the verb.
5. ESTRUCTURA BÁSICA:
La forma imperativa generalmente se
forma usando el verbo en su forma base
(infinitivo) sin "to". Por ejemplo:
"Speak" (Habla).
"Listen" (Escucha).
Si la orden es para "tú" (informal), la
forma es la misma que el verbo en su base
sin cambios. Por ejemplo:
"Open the door" (Abre la puerta).
"Clean your room" (Limpia tu habitación).
4. Practica con diferentes pronombres:
La forma imperativa también se usa con
otros pronombres, como "we" (nosotros) y
"they" (ellos). Por ejemplo:
"Let's go to the park" (Vamos al parque) -
Aquí se usa "let's" para hacer una
sugerencia.
Para órdenes en segunda persona del
singular (usted), a menudo se agrega
"please" para hacerlo más cortés. Por
ejemplo:
"Please sit down" (Por favor, siéntese).
"Please be quiet" (Por favor, cálmese).
3. Reconoce las formas negativas:
Para formar órdenes negativas, agrega
"do not" o "don't" antes del verbo en su
forma base. Por ejemplo:
"Don't touch that" (No toques eso).
"Don't eat in the classroom" (No comas en
el salón).
6. 1.Sit down (Siéntate) –
2.Stand up (Levántate) –
3.Listen carefully (Escucha con atención)
4.Shut the door (Cierra la puerta)
5. Open the window (Abre la ventana)
6.Wait here (Espera aquí) –
7.Be quiet (Silencio) –
8.Give me a hand (Dame una mano) –
9. Pass me the salt (Pásame la sal) –
10.Come here (Ven aquí) - Usado para pedir que
alguien se acerque.
11. Go away (Vete) –
12. Turn off the lights (Apaga las luces) –
13. Turn on the TV (Enciende la televisión) –
14. Help me, please (Ayúdame, por favor) -.
15. Wait your turn (Espera tu turno) –
16. Take a seat (Toma asiento) –
17. Read the instructions (Lee las instrucciones)
–
18. Write your name (Escribe tu nombre) -.
19. Don't touch that (No toques eso) –
20. Speak up (Habla más alto) -.
Common Expressions Using The Imperative
Form In Everyday Life
7. Lesson 2:
Expressing habits and actions in
progress
Can do: Ask and answer true questions, describe actions in
progress
Vocabulary: Traveling
Grammar: Simple present Vs Present continuous
8. Present Simple And Present
Continuous
We can use the present
simple to talk about
things we do regularly.
We can use the present
continuous to talk about
things we are doing now.
9. Present Simple
The Present Simple is used in English to:
• Talking about things that happen on a regular basis, habits, everyday or
regular events. In this case, it is usually accompanied by adverbs of
frequency. Eg: I drink coffee every day.
• Refer to general statements or scientific facts. E.g.: I like chocolate. Water
boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
• For events that are certain to occur in the near future, which are usually
part of a timetable or programme. Eg:The train arrives at 10:00 .
• To give instructions in the imperative mode. E.g. Please, close the
window.To talk about what happens in fictional books, plays or films. E.g. At
the end of the book, the detective catches the killer.
10. Present Continuous
The Present Continuous is used in English to:
• Describing actions that are happening at the same time as we speak. Eg: He is
having dinner right now.
• Talk about things that are happening now, even if it is not necessarily when we are
speaking, at this very moment. In this case, time expressions such as currently,
lately or these days are used. E.g.: He is currently looking for a flat.
• Temporal situations or situations which are progressively changing. Eg: With
BrainLang I'm getting better and better at speaking English.
• New or temporary habits that are usually annoying and are accompanied by always.
Eg: My flatmate is always leaving the kitchen in a mess!
• Talking about definite events that will occur in the near future. Its use indicates
that it is fairly certain that what is planned will happen. Eg: I'm going to the
cinema tonight.
11. Present Simple y Present Continuous:
Trucos para diferenciarlos
Marcadores temporales
Los marcadores temporales nos permiten identificar el tiempo en el que
debe expresarse una oración. A continuación, te presentamos los
marcadores temporales que se usan con frecuencia con el presente simple y
el presente continuo en inglés.
Present Simple
always
every day/month/…
often
normally
usually
sometimes
rarely
never
first
the
Present Continuous
at the moment
now
right now
Listen!
Look!
today
this week
this summer
this year
12. Verbos
Hay una serie de verbos que solo se utilizan en Present Simple y no
se usan en Continuous.
Stative verbs: verbos de estado(be, cost, fit, mean, remain, suit)
Ej:They are on holiday.
Verbos que expresan posesión o pertenencia( belong, have)
Ej:The ring belongs to Frodo.
Verbos referidos a los sentidos(feel, hear, see smell, taste, touch)
Ej:They hear the loudspeaker announcement.
Verbos que expresan emociones(hate, hope, like, love, prefer,
regret, want, wish)
Ej: Harry Potter loves going by train.
Verbos de pensamiento y reconocimiento(believe, know, realise,
recognise, seem, think, understand)
Ej:He knows where they have to get off the train.
Cláusulas del discurso directo(answer, ask, reply, say)
Ej: «We must hurry to get the train», Harry’s father says.
