The document provides information on using -ed and -ing adjectives in English. -ed adjectives are used to describe how people feel (tired, confused, etc.) while -ing adjectives describe things and situations (boring, confusing, etc.). Some adjectives can be both -ed and -ing depending on whether they are describing a person's state or an ongoing action/process. The document includes examples and exercises to practice using these adjective forms correctly.

1. Describing
What does he look like?

2. Describing people’s feelings
 'My holiday was relaxing. I felt really
relaxed.‘
 ´-ed´ adjectives
 Adjectives that end in -ed are used to
describe how people feel:
'He was surprised to find that he had
been upgraded to first class.'
'I was confused by the findings of the
report.'
'She felt tired after working hard all day.'

3. Describing things and places
 '-ing' adjectives
 Adjectives that end in -ing are used to
describe things and situations.
Compare these example sentences to
the ones above:
'Being upgraded to first class is
surprising.'
‘The findings of this report are
confusing.'
'Working hard all day is tiring.'

4. Summarizing
The dog barks It is a barking dog
The dog barked It was a barking dog
The dog frightens the cat. It is a frightening dog.
The dog frightened the cat. It was a frightening dog.
The problem confuses the It is a confusing problem.
students.
The students are confused by They are confused students.
the problem.
The story amused the children. It was an amusing story.
The children were amused by the They were amused children.
story.
The class bores the students. It is a boring class.
The students are bored by the They are bored students.
class.

5. ed- adjectives / ing -
adjectives
 bored  boring
 confused  confusing
 depressed  depressing
 excited  exciting
 frustrated  frustrating
 frightened  frightening
 satisfied  satisfying
 shocked  shocking

6. Choose the correct adjective
 Dogs often feel ___ during fireworks.
frightening
frightened
 The metro can be ___ the first time you use it.
confusing
confused
 Satoru was ___ to hear about the earthquake.
shocking
shocked
 I think that rainy days in winter are ___.
depressed
depressing
 She's ___ with doing the same thing every day.
boring
bored
 I was the most ___ person watching that film.
exciting
excited
 The meals at Immigrant's Cafe are ___.
satisfying
satisfied

7. But also…!
 Ed adjectives can express:
 Completed actions and states
A long haired cat The potted flowers

8. …and…
 ing adjectives can also express:
 ongoing actions/process and functions
The smiling face
The falling leaves

9. Practice exercises
 http://www.ucl.ac.uk/internet-
grammar/adjectiv/particip.htm
 http://esl.about.com/library/vocabulary/
blinged1.htm