This document discusses using Terraform to automate infrastructure provisioning and management. It begins with an introduction to infrastructure as code and Terraform. It then discusses some of the benefits of using Terraform like increased productivity, consistent deployments, and faster iteration. The document provides examples of Terraform configuration files and demonstrates basic Terraform commands like init, plan, apply, and destroy.

1. Infrastructure as code
usingTerraform

2. Hello!
I am Harkamal Singh
I enjoy AWS, DevOps, Solutions architecture, data analytics
I code in Python and Go
@harkamals

3. Stop!
 Who are you
 Systems, developer, .. languages, favorite code editor
 Experience with cloud platforms
 Why are you here
 It’s a safe zone, so feel free to ask questions anytime

4. Poll
Q: How long does it take to request a virtual machine ?
.. and load balancer, database, then deploy application stack
.. and repeat it for development, staging, production
Put it into perspective
 SpaceX launches a rocket every 4 weeks

5. Agenda
 Why
 State of things
 Terraform
 Getting started
 Advanced concepts

6. Why
 Build infrastructure automagically
 Ensure consistent repeatable deployment
 Reuse existing configurations
 Increase your productivity
 Learn for your job
 As a developer, ship complete code to deploy infrastructure stack
and the application.
 Iterate faster, fail fast.
 Stay ahead of the curve

7. State of things
 Current infrastructure deployments
 Manually managed
 Manually deployed or ad-hoc scripted
 No history or context
 Only few understand end to end
 Out of date runbooks
 Configuration drift

8. State of things
 What is Infrastructure as code
 Automate creation and maintenance resources (servers, load
balancers, volumes, databases, middleware etc.)
 Build from source control, no manual changes !!
 Ensure testability
Infrastructure is described using a high-level configuration syntax.
This allows a blueprint of your datacenter to be versioned and treated
as you would any other code.
Write and execute code to define, deploy and update infrastructure.
 Tooling
 Terraform, by Hashicorp
 Libraries – boto3, fog, apache libcloud
 Ansible, chef, puppet,CFengine
 AWS Cloud formation

9. State of things
 Imperative
 Traditional control flow programming
 Build the logic
 Python, java, c++, …
 Declarative
 JSON-like files
 Define the outcomes, not how it should be done
 Dependency management
 Graphing
 Immutable; everything is disposable

10. State of things
 DevOps 2017 report
 24x faster to recover from failures
 50% less time to find issues
 200x more deploys
 2.2x developer happiness

11. Enter
Terraform
 Terraform is a tool for building, changing, and versioning
infrastructure safely and efficiently.
 As the configuration changes,Terraform is able to determine what
changed and create incremental execution plans which can be
applied.
 Cloud agnostic
 JSON like syntax, HCL (.tf file extension)
 https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/syntax.html
 Standalone binary, written in Golang, cross-platform
 Leader in Infra-as-code space, 11,000+ stars on github
 Open source
 Very active development cycle
 You can contribute or submit issues, feature requests
 https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform

12. Example:
Declarative
code
#Create a new RHEL74 virtual machine onAWS
# https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers/aws/r/instance.html
provider "aws” {
region = ”eu-west-1"
}
resource "aws_instance” ”vm1” {
ami = "ami-c90195b0"
instance_type = "t2.micro"
tags {
Name = "HelloWorld”
costcentre = “307100”
}
}

13. Example:
Declarative
code
#Create a new RHEL74 virtual machine onAWS
# https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers/aws/r/instance.html
provider "aws” {
region = ”eu-west-1"
}
resource "aws_key_pair” “ssh_key” {
key_name = "deployer-key"
public_key = "ssh-rsa .. 2xwWdhXmXSrbX8ZbabVohBK41"
}
resource "aws_instance” ”vm1” {
ami = "ami-c90195b0"
instance_type = "t2.micro”
key_name = “${aws_key_pair.ssh_key}”
tags {
Name = "HelloWorld”
costcentre = “307100”
}
}

14. Example:
Dependency
management
# https://www.terraform.io/docs/commands/graph.html
$ terraform graph

15. Example:
Providers
A provider is responsible for understandingAPI interactions and exposing resources.
Providers generally are an IaaS (e.g. AWS, GCP, Microsoft Azure, OpenStack), PaaS (e.g. Heroku), or
SaaS services (e.g.Terraform Enterprise, DNSimple,CloudFlare).
https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers

16. Demo time!
Download terraform: https://www.terraform.io/downloads.html

17. Terraform: init

18. Terraform:
validate

19. Terraform:
plan

20. Terraform:
apply

21. Terraform:
apply

22. Terraform:
show

23. AWS console
view

24. Terraform:
destroy

25. AWS console
view

26. IDESupport
(optional but
essential)
IntelliJ, PyCharm: full featured IDE extension for auto-completion, syntax highlighting, code snippets,
validation, formatting etc.

27. AWS billing

28. Pitfalls

29. Terraform:
advanced
topics
 State files
 Saves current state in a file (s3, consul, etcd, local)
 Applies diff from current state to apply changes
 Provisioners
 Run local or remove scripts as part of resource creation or deletion.
 Can be used to bootstrap, cleanup before destroy
 Pre-post custom actions
 Modules
 DRY – don’t repeat yourself
 Reuseable, ex: postgres db instance or s3 bucket

30. What’s next
 Terraform is cool, isn’t it !
 Learning resources
 Terraform – up and running (ebook)
 Pluralsight (online training)
 https://www.terraform.io/docs/
 https://terraformbook.com