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Accelerating Data Life Cycle Management
With Informix Warehouse Accelerator &
Intel® Xeon® Processors
Session 3428

Jantz Tran, Intel®
Keshava Murthy, IBM

                      #ibmiod
Intel - Legal Disclaimers
•   All products, computer systems, dates, and figures specified are preliminary based on current expectations, and are subject to change
    without notice.

•   Intel processor numbers are not a measure of performance. Processor numbers differentiate features within each processor family, not
    across different processor families. Go to: http://www.intel.com/products/processor_number

•   Intel, processors, chipsets, and desktop boards may contain design defects or errors known as errata, which may cause the product to
    deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request.

•   Intel® Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with an enabled Intel® processor, BIOS, virtual machine monitor (VMM).
    Functionality, performance or other benefits will vary depending on hardware and software configurations. Software applications may
    not be compatible with all operating systems. Consult your PC manufacturer. For more information, visit
    http://www.intel.com/go/virtualization

•   No computer system can provide absolute security under all conditions. Intel® Trusted Execution Technology (Intel® TXT) requires a
    computer system with Intel® Virtualization Technology, an Intel TXT-enabled processor, chipset, BIOS, Authenticated Code Modules
    and an Intel TXT-compatible measured launched environment (MLE). Intel TXT also requires the system to contain a TPM v1.s. For more
    information, visit http://www.intel.com/technology/security

•   Requires a system with Intel® Turbo Boost Technology capability. Consult your PC manufacturer. Performance varies depending on
    hardware, software and system configuration. For more information, visit http://www.intel.com/technology/turboboost

•   Intel® AES-NI requires a computer system with an AES-NI enabled processor, as well as non-Intel software to execute the instructions in
    the correct sequence. AES-NI is available on select Intel® processors. For availability, consult your reseller or system manufacturer. For
    more information, see http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-advanced-encryption-standard-instructions-aes-ni/

•   Intel product is manufactured on a lead-free process. Lead is below 1000 PPM per EU RoHS directive (2002/95/EC, Annex A). No
    exemptions required

•   Halogen-free: Applies only to halogenated flame retardants and PVC in components. Halogens are below 900ppm bromine and
    900ppm chlorine.

•   Intel, Intel Xeon, the Intel Xeon logo and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries
    in the United States and other countries.

•   Copyright © 2012, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.




                                                                                 #ibmiod
Intel - Legal Disclaimers Performance
•   Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate
    performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or software design or
    configuration may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of
    systems or components they are considering purchasing. For more information on performance tests and on the performance of
    Intel products, Go to: http://www.intel.com/performance/resources/benchmark_limitations.htm.

•   Intel does not control or audit the design or implementation of third party benchmarks or Web sites referenced in this document.
    Intel encourages all of its customers to visit the referenced Web sites or others where similar performance benchmarks are
    reported and confirm whether the referenced benchmarks are accurate and reflect performance of systems available for
    purchase.

•   Relative performance is calculated by assigning a baseline value of 1.0 to one benchmark result, and then dividing the actual
    benchmark result for the baseline platform into each of the specific benchmark results of each of the other platforms, and
    assigning them a relative performance number that correlates with the performance improvements reported.

•   INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS”. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR
    OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. INTEL ASSUMES NO
    LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO THIS
    INFORMATION INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
    MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT.

•   Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate
    performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or software design or configuration
    may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of systems or
    components they are considering purchasing. For more information on performance tests and on the performance of Intel
    products, reference www.intel.com/software/products.




                                                                           #ibmiod
Call to Action:
      • For more information on the content covered in this session,
         o go to the Demo Room and see demoes.
         o download this analyst paper, etc
         o go to this website, etc.


      • Stop by the Data Mgmt Demo Room and see deep dive demos on more
        than 25 products including DB2, Data Warehousing and Informix. The
        Data Mgmt Demo Room is located in the far back left corner of the Expo
        area.


      • Don’t miss this Special Analyst Session!
          In 2022, What Is a Database? Bloor, Forrester and IDC Analysts Discuss the Future-
              Philip Howard of Bloor, Noel Yuhanna of Forrester and Carl Olofson of IDC peer
              into the future of database software. Database software operates under many
              paradigms today, from relational and hierarchical to cloud to NoSQL and
              NewSQL to in-memory to columnar to the many aspects of Big Data and more.
              Where will this lead? Will databases be code-centric or data-centric? Don't miss
              this chance to hear where these veterans think we might be headed. (Session:
             IDB4230a, Wednesday, 12:00pm-1:15pm, South Pacific F)

4
                                                                                  #ibmiod
Data Management Demo Room
    DB2, Data Warehouse & Tools:             Stop by the Data Mgmt Demo Room and
    Adaptive Compression
    Continuous Data Ingest                   see deep dive demos on more than 25
    Cubing and Dynamic Cubes                 products including DB2, Data
    Database Admin & Development Solutions
    Data Studio                              Warehousing & Informix. The Data Mgmt
    DB2 PureScale
    DB2 Merge Backup
                                             Demo Room is located in the far back left
    DB2 Recovery Expert                      corner of the Expo area.
    Ease of App. Migration
    HADR Multiple Standby
    InfoSphere Data Architect                Informix:
    InfoSphere Federation Server             Cloud solutions
    Multi-temperature Data Mgmt              Flexible Grid
    Optim High Perf. Unload                  Genero
    Optim Performance Manager                TimeSeries
    Optim Query Workload Tuner’              Informix clustering
    Optim Configuration Manager              Informix Warehouse Accelerator
    Optim pureQuery Runtime                  OpenAdmin Tool
    Real-time Operational Warehousing        PureSystems:
    Row & Column Access Control
                                             IBM Database Patterns
    Time Travel Query
                                             PureData System for Operational Analytics
    Workload Mgmt
                                             PureData System for Transactions
    Zig-Zag Join
                                             IBM Mobile Database
5
                                                                                         #ibmiod
Agenda


• Overview of Informix Warehouse Accelerator.
• Data Life Cycle scenarios and Performance
• Using Informix high availability to scale out
• Intel Inside® : Intel® Technology & Roadmap
   o Scaling on Xeon® E7 Platform




6
                                        #ibmiod
Overview of Informix Warehouse Accelerator.




7
                                         #ibmiod
Motivation
• Data Warehouse query Performance without Perspiration
• Consistent query performance without tuning efforts.
• More questions, faster answers, better data driven decisions & business insights

• SKECHERS: Acceleration from 60x to 1400x – average acceleration of   450x




8
                                                                                     #ibmiod
Informix Ultimate Warehouse edition             IBM Smart Analytics
                                                                            Studio
Step 1. Install, configure,
start Informix

Step 2. Install, configure,                                                 Step 3
start Accelerator
                                  Step 1
Step 3. Connect Studio to
Informix & add accelerator
                                                                            Step 4
                               Informix Database Server
Step 4. Design, validate,
Deploy Data mart
                                                                            Step 5
Step 5. Load data to
accelerator


Ready for Queries
                                                                            BI Applications
                                                           Step 2
                                                                            Ready
                                           Informix warehouse Accelerator




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                                                                               #ibmiod
10
     #ibmiod
Store_sales data mart




11
                        #ibmiod
Understanding Data Loading
       From Informix to IWA




12
                            #ibmiod
Distributing data from IDS (Fact tables)

               Fact Table                    IDS Stored Procedures
            Data Fragment                                                      Coordinator
                                                   UNLOAD
                                                   UNLOAD
                                                   UNLOAD
                                                                               Process
            Data Fragment                          UNLOAD
            Data Fragment

            Data Fragment




     A copy of the IDS data is now
     transferred over to the Worker                     Copy
     process. The Worker process
     holds a subset of the data         Worker                 Worker             Worker
     (compressed) in main memory        Process                Process            Process
     and is able to execute queries
     on this subset. The data is
     evenly distributed (no value
     based partitioning) across the
     CPUs.                            Compressed Data     Compressed Data   Compressed Data

                                      Compressed Data     Compressed Data   Compressed Data



13
                                                                                        #ibmiod
Distributing data from IDS (Dimension tables)
                                           IDS Stored Procedure
                     IDS
               Dimension Table

               Dimension Table                                        Coordinator
                                               UNLOAD
                                               UNLOAD
                                               UNLOAD
                                                                      Process
               Dimension Table                 UNLOAD

               Dimension Table




                                                            Worker         Worker
                                 Worker
 All dimension tables are                                   Process        Process
                                 Process
 transferred to the worker
 process.




14
                                                                              #ibmiod
Data Transfer from Informix to IWA – First time

Design the Data Mart        Deploy the Data Mart        LOAD the mart
-- ISAO Studio                                                                     Ready
                            -- ISAO Studio              -- ISAO Studio             for Queries
-- Workload Analysis        -- Workload Analysis        -- command line tool


Optionally lock the table                             Informix
     Insert table data into external table

                       Send data over to IWA
                                Fact table – split into each worker
                                Dim table – copy to each worker
                                             Compression frequency partitioning & encoding

                IWA                                 Write the memory image to disk


15
                                                                               #ibmiod
Compression: Frequency Partitioning
 Trade Info (volume, product,                                                                Column Partitions
             origin country)                       Histogram




                                   Occurrences
                                    Number of
     Vol Prod Origin                               on Origin
                                                                                      China GER,
                                                                                      USA FRA,
                                                                                             …          Rest
                                        Common                      Rare
                                         Values                    values
                                                                                               Origin
                                                      Top 64
                                                  traded goods                        Cell   Cell     Cell 4
                                                    – 6 bit code                       1      3




                                                                            Product
                                                                                      Cell   Cell    Cell 6
                                                 Rest                                  2      5

               Histogram
               on Product                                                                    Table partitioned
                                                                                                 into Cells
        •   Field lengths vary between cells
              • Higher Frequencies  Shorter Codes (Approximate Huffman)
        •   Field lengths fixed within cells

16
                                                                                                     #ibmiod
Data Life Cycle scenarios and Support




17
                                    #ibmiod
Case 1: Full refresh every time

Design the Data Mart   Deploy the Data Mart   LOAD the mart               Ready
-- ISAO Studio         -- ISAO Studio         -- ISAO Studio              (enabled)
-- Workload Analysis   -- Workload Analysis   -- command line tool        for Queries




                                                   Disable the mart




• During the data load, queries cannot be accelerated.
• Work around: Create additional, duplicate mart.
• Informix always picks up the data mart that was last loaded.

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                                                                      #ibmiod
Time cyclic data management
                     Partitioned fact table, partitioned by week

        working window



     week1   week2   week3




19
                                                                   #ibmiod
Time cyclic data management
                         Partitioned fact table, partitioned by week

                    working window



     week1       week2   week3    week4




     DETACH                      ATTACH
     week1                       week4
     partition                   partition




20
                                                                       #ibmiod
Case 2: Partition refresh: Updates to existing Partitions                                         IBM Smart Analytics
Step 1. Create the Sales-Mart                                                                     Studio or stored
and load it. Sales is the fact                                           partitioned fact table   procedures or
table -- range partitioned.                                                                       command line tool
Step 2. Load jobs
update the fact table “sales”                                                                      Step 1
Only updates existing partition                  customer
                                  Step 2                                 sales
Step 3. Identify the partition,
execute dropPartMart().                                     Modified partition
                                                                                                  SQL Script: call
                                                                                                  Stored procedure
Step 4. for same partition,
execute loadPartMart().                                              stores
                                                                                                  Step 3       Step 4
                                  Informix Database Server
Ready for Queries
                                                                            INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE




                                                                                                  BI Applications
                                           IWA
                                                                                 Sales-Mart Ready

                                                                                                    OLTP Apps



 21
                                                                                                     #ibmiod
Time cyclic data management with IWA
                  Partitioned fact table, partitioned by week

              working window




      week1        week2        week3        week4        week6




     DETACH                               ATTACH
     partition                            partition
1. Execute dropPartMart()on IWA
2. DETACH partition from the table   a. ATTACH the partition
                                     b. Execute loadPartMart() on IWA


22
                                                                        #ibmiod
Case 3: Partition refresh: Time Cyclic data management                              IBM Smart Analytics
 Step 1. Create the Sales-Mart                                                       Studio or stored
 and load it. Sales is the fact                             partitioned fact table   procedures or
 table -- range partitioned.                                                         command line tool

 Need to move the Time
 window to next range.                                                                Step 1
                                                 customer
ep 2. DETACH operation
                                                                 sales
   Execute dropPartMart()
                                                                                     Move the window.
   DETACH the partition
ep 3. ATTACH operation
ATTACH the partition                                            stores
Execute loadPartMart()                                                               Step 2       Step 3
                                  Informix Database Server
 Ready for Queries



                                                                                     BI Applications
                                           IWA
                                                                         Sales-Mart Ready

                                                                                       OLTP Apps



  23
                                                                                        #ibmiod
dropPartMart() function
dropPartMart(accelerator name, mart name, table owner, table name, partition id or name)


Execute function dropPartMart(‘iwa’, ‘salesmart’, ‘dsusr’, ‘sales_fact’, ‘july_partition’);

1. Uses the accelerator name, datamart name, table name
   and partition name.
2. Partition name can be the name of the partition or
   partition number (sysfragments.partn)
   The partition name or number should be a valid partition
   for the table.
3. Call dropPartMart() first before doing the DEATCH
4. In IWA, the data is removed row by row; when all the
   rows in a block is freed, the block and memory is freed.
5. No compression dictionary update on IWA.
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                                                                                  #ibmiod
loadPartMart() function
loadPartMart(accelerator name, mart name, table owner, table name, partition id or name)


Execute function loadPartMart(‘iwa’, ‘salesmart’, ‘dsusr’, ‘sales_fact’, ‘july_partition’);

1. Uses the accelerator name, datamart name, table name and
   partition name.
2. Partition name can be the name of the partition or partition
   number (sysfragments.partn). The partition name or number
   should be a valid partition for the table.
3. The partition should be in the table before loading to IWA. ATTACH
   the partition first, before calling loadPartMart().
4. During every load, row is prefixed with the rowid and sent over to
   IWA.
5. The data is encoded with existing compression dictionary and
25
   hence very fast.                                                                #ibmiod
create table cust(k1 int primary key, name varchar(32),
   age int);                                                      -- Simply update the data for existing partitions
create table store(k2 int primary key, sname varchar(18));        execute function dropPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1',
                                                                     'salesfact', 'p3');
create table salesfact(sk1_cust int, sk2_store int, id int, val
   decimal(9,2)) partition by expression                          execute function loadPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1',
                                                                     'salesfact', 'p3');
 partition p1 (id = 1) in rootdbs,
 partition p2 (id = 2) in rootdbs,                                -- drop partition from the table

 partition p3 (id = 3) in rootdbs;                                execute function dropPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1',
                                                                     'salesfact', 'p1');
insert into cust values(1, "John Smith", 32);
                                                                  alter fragment on table salesfact detach p1 salesfact_p1;
insert into cust values(2, "Joe Smith", 32);
insert into cust values(3, "John Doe", 32);                       -- attach a partition from the table.
                                                                  create table p4(sk1_cust int, sk2_store int, id int, val
                                                                     decimal(9,2), check (id = 4));
insert into store values(101, "San Jose");
insert into store values(102, "New Delhi");                       alter fragment on table salesfact attach p4 as (id = 4) after
                                                                     p3;
insert into store values(103, "Munich");
                                                                  execute function loadPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1',
                                                                     'salesfact', 'p4');
insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 1, 20.22);
insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 3, 80.24);
insert into salesfact values(1, 102, 2, 34.34);
insert into salesfact values(1, 103, 1, 23.28);
insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 1, 20.22);
insert into salesfact values(1, 102, 3, 80.24);
insert into salesfact values(1, 103, 2, 34.34);
 26
insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 1, 23.28);                                                              #ibmiod
Performance

Web_sales data mart
     • Fact table: web_sales with 4.1 billion rows
     • Each partition has about 120 million rows
• Full Refresh: 3 hours 29 minutes: 287 GB/hour
• Dropping a partition from IWA: 46 seconds
• Loading a partition from IWA: 115 seconds
Total operation time on IWA is less than 3 minutes.




27
                                                      #ibmiod
Keeping Informix and IWA data in sync
  Fact Table: out of sync                                                              Fact Table: out of sync
      Dimensions: in-sync                                                               Dimensions: in-sync
                                On IWA, drop and               On IWA, drop and
                               Reload fact partitions         Reload fact partitions


 Load transactions
to existing partitions                                                                     Attach new partition,
    in Fact table                        Fact Table: in-sync
                                         Dimensions: in-sync

                                                                                            On IWA, drop and
  First, detach the partition on IWA                                                   Reload dimension partitions
Then detach the partition on Informix




                                                                                          Fact Table: sync
                                                        Update customer info,          Dimensions: out of sync
                         Intend to detach                  Store info, etc



        Fact Table: In-sync                 Full Reload of the data mart can be done any time.
        Dimensions: in-sync
 28
                                                                                                    #ibmiod
Using Informix high availability to scale out




29
                                        #ibmiod
Informix Warehouse Accelerator – In 11.70.FC4
                                                                           IBM Smart Analytics
Step 1. Install, configure,                                                Studio
start Informix

Step 2. Install, configure,                                                Step 3
start Accelerator
                                 Step 1
Step 3. Connect Studio to
Informix & add accelerator
                                                                           Step 4
                              Informix Database Server
Step 4. Design, validate,
Deploy Data mart
                                                                           Step 5
Step 5. Load data to
accelerator


Ready for Queries
                                                                           BI Applications
                                                           Step 2
                                                                           Ready
                                          Informix warehouse Accelerator




30
30                                                                            #ibmiod
Background
• Prior to 11.70.FC5, adding accelerator, create, deploy, load, enable, disable datamart,
  accelerating queries – are all operations officially supported only on Standard server or
  Primary node of MACH11/HA environment.
• We estimate about 50% of Informix customers use HDR secondary servers and growing
  number of customers use MACH11 (SDS secondary) configurations and RSS nodes.
  MACH11 is the Informix scale out solution.
• IWA itself supports a scale out solution (on a cluster) starting with 11.70.FC4.
• Reasons to support MACH11 and IWA together.
    o This feature will enable partitioning a cluster or HA group between OLTP and BI
      workload.
    o This feature will give help to off-load the expensive LOAD functionality to secondary
      servers
    o We have customers now requesting support for HDR secondary to IWA




31
                                                                                 #ibmiod
Informix Warehouse Accelerator – 11.70.FC5. MACH11 Support
                                                                                              IBM Smart Analytics
Step 1. Install, configure,                                                                   Studio
start Informix

Step 2. Install, configure,                                                                   Step 3
                                                                       Informix
start Accelerator                                                                  Informix
                                Step 1           Informix
                                                                       HDR
                                                            Informix               RSS
                                                                       Secondary
Step 3. Connect Studio to                        SDS1
Informix & add accelerator
                              Informix Primary              SDS2                              Step 4
Step 4. Design, validate,
Deploy Data mart from
Primary, SDS, HDR, RSS                                                                        Step 5

Step 5. Add IWA to sqlhosts
Load data to
Accelerator from any node.

Ready for Queries
                                                                                              BI Applications
                                                                       Step 2
                                                                                              Ready
                                 Informix warehouse Accelerator




32
32                                                                                               #ibmiod
Step 1: Install:
• Informix and IWA are installed just like before.
• Informix can be combination of standard, primary, SDS, HDR secondary and RSS
  nodes.
• IWA can be installed on the same computer as any one of the nodes or on distinct
  computer.
• IWA can also be installed on a cluster hardware with multiple worker nodes for
  scale out performance.




33
                                                                     #ibmiod
Step 2: Configure
• Informix and IWA are installed just like before.
• Informix can be combination of standard, primary, SDS, HDR secondary and RSS
  nodes.
• IWA can be installed on the same computer as any one of the nodes or on distinct
  computer.
• IWA can also be installed on a cluster hardware with multiple worker nodes for
  scale out performance.
• Note: Informix MACH11 technology works with logged and ANSI databases only.




34
                                                                     #ibmiod
Step 2: Configure

•The secondary servers should be updatable
secondary servers.
•Set this in $ONCONFIG
  UPDATABLE_SECONDARY 10




35
                                         #ibmiod
Step 3: Connect
• You can connect to IWA from Informix from any of the Informix servers using existing
  method.
      o Get the connection details via:
            # ondwa getpin
      o The output will be, ip address, port, pin for IWA connection.
      o Use that information to create the connection.
• After successful connection from Informix to IWA, the SQLHOSTS will have something like
  this
FAST group - -
  c=1,a=484224232041684420473a283e612f74393e6025757159506a51344a6b4e2f2d2d47455e6b653f2f6c795f287d7b65
  224d6c3c2f65722e6a2a4245397b3b447d572c3129696b306440
FAST_1 dwsoctcp      162.34.42.188    21022 g=FAST


• To use this connection on any of Informix nodes, copy these lines AS IS to the SQLHOSTS file of those servers.
• Make sure copy ALL the lines within the FAST group.



36
                                                                                                    #ibmiod
Step 3: Connect...continued
• The name of the IWA will be used as the AQT site name in systables.sitename. So, it’s
  important to have the right site name in SQLHOSTS entry for a successful connection.
• Changing ANY of the details of this SQLHOSTS entry will result in connection, query
  matching and acceleration issues.




37
                                                                             #ibmiod
Step 4. Design, Validate and Deploy
• The secondary servers should be updatable secondary servers.
• Set this in $ONCONFIG
     UPDATABLE_SECONDARY 10
• The Design, validate and deploy would be identical.
• The partition refresh via dropPartMart() and loadPartMart() can be invoked from any
  node of the MACH11 cluster.




38
                                                                            #ibmiod
IWA: Road so far…
                                                                                    12.10: Now in Beta.
                                                                                    Sign up!
                                                              2012 IOD


                                      2012 IIUG
                                                                         11.7xC6
                                                                                         Partition refresh
                                                            11.7xC5                      (Dimension tables)
                                                                                         Support TimeSeries
                                       11.7xC4
                                                                         Partition Refresh (fact)
                      11.7xC3                                            MACH11 support
          11.7xC2                                                        Solaris on Intel

                                                 SMB: IGWE
                                                 Scale out: IWA
                    Workload Analysis Tool       on Blade Server
 IWA 1 Release
          st        More Locales
 On SMP             Data Currency




39
     39                                                                                       #ibmiod
Informix Publications
Bulletin of the Technical Committee on Data Engineering: March 2012
Vol. 35 No. 1

Real Time Business Intelligence. September 2, 2011 - Seattle, United States

2012 Bloor Report: IBM Informix in hybrid workload
environments

2012 Ovum Analyst report: Informix Accelerates Analytic Integration
into OLTP



      http://youtu.be/xJd8M-fbMI0




IBM Data management Magazine: Supercharging
the
data wharehouse while keeping the costs down.
DBTA Article: Empowering Business Analysts with Faster Insights
 40
                                                                              #ibmiod
Intel Inside® : Xeon® E7 Scaling




41
                                    #ibmiod
Intel® Xeon® E7-8870: One Terabyte Scaling
     performance.
• Hardware setup
    o Intel® Xeon® E7-8870 processor – 4 socket (40C/80T) and 8 socket
      (80C/160T) configurations
         • 2.4 GHz, 30MB last level shared cache
      o 10 TB storage
      o 2 TB RAM
• Software Setup
    o Informix and Informix Warehouse Accelerator: v11.70.FC5
      o Both Informix and IWA on the same machine.




42
                                                                  #ibmiod
Scaling in Westmere: Data Warehouse Setup.
• TPC-DS Schema; web_sales           73,049                    66
• Mart Data size: 1 terabytes                                                         22
• web_sales, 4.1 billion rows
                                      360,000
      o Fact with 34 partitions                                                      86,400
                                                             4.1 billion
• Dimensions: 13, non partitioned.    1,800

                                      3600
                                                                                      20



                                              1.9 million
                                                            15 million          7,200


                                                                                 66

                                     30 million

43
                                                                           #ibmiod
Scaling in Westmere: Results




44
                                    #ibmiod
Intel Inside® : Intel® Technology & Roadmap




45
                                    #ibmiod
INTEL/IWA: Breakthrough technologies for
                          performance
     7. Multi-core, multi-node environment                               1. Large memory support
     Nehalem has 8 cores and Westmere 10 cores. This trend is            64-bit computing; System X with MAX5 supports up
     expected to continue. IWA: Parallelize the scan, join, group        to 6TB on a single SMP box; Up to 640GB on each
     operations. Keep copies of dimensions to avoid cross-node           node of blade center. IWA: Compress large dataset
     synchronization.                                                    and keep it in memory; totally avoid IO.


 6. Single Instruction Multiple Data
 Specialized instructions for manipulating                                             2. Large on-chip Cache
 128-bit data simultaneously. IWA:                                                     L1 cache 64KB per core, L2 cache is 256KB per
 Compresses the data into deep columnar                          7       1             core and L3 cache is about 4-12 MB.
 fashion optimized to exploit SIMD. Used in                                            Additional Translation lookaside buffer (TLB).
 parallel predicate evaluation in scans.                   6                 2         IWA: New algorithms to avoid pipeline
                                                                                       flushing and cache hash tables in L2/L3 cache

                                                             5               3
5. Hyperthreading                                                    4                3. Frequency Partitioning
2x logical processors; increases processor                                            IWA: Enabler for the effective parallel access
throughput and overall performance of threaded                                        of the compressed data for scanning.
software. IWA: Does not exploit this since the                                        Horizontal and Vertical Partition Elimination.
software is written to avoid pipeline flushing.


                                                4. Virtualization Performance
                                                Lower overhead: Core micro-architecture
                                                enhancements, EPT, VPID, and End-to-End
                                                HW assist IWA: Helps informix and IWA to
                                                seemlessly run and perform in virtualized
                                                environment.
46
46                                                                                                                   #ibmiod
Tick-Tock Development Model:
     Sustained Microprocessor Leadership

     Intel® Core™
          ®     ™                Intel® Microarchitecture    Intel® Microarchitecture    Intel® Microarchitecture
     Microarchitecture           Codename Nehalem            Codename Sandy              Codename Haswell
                                                             Bridge


      Merom         Penryn       Nehalem Westmere             Sandy           Ivy        Haswell             Future
       65nm           45nm         45nm            32nm       Bridge
                                                               32nm          Bridge
                                                                              22nm         22nm                   14nm
        New         New             New         New             New         New             New             New
        Micro-      Process         Micro-      Process         Micro-      Process         Micro-          Process
     architecture   Technology   architecture   Technology   architecture   Technology   architecture       Technology




       TOCK            TICK        TOCK            TICK        TOCK            TICK        TOCK                   TICK




47
                                                                                                        #ibmiod
Intel Xeon Processor
              ®              ®




      Family for Business
                                                                                         Scalable
                                                                                         Enterprise
                                       Mainstream                                       Top-of-the-line performance,
                                       Enterprise                                       scalability, and reliability
                                       Best combination of
                                       performance, power efficiency,
                                       and cost                                         Mission Critical
 Small
 Business                              Enterprise Server                                Performance and reliability for the most
                                                                                        business critical workloads with outstanding
                                       Versatility for infrastructure apps (up to 4S)   economics

  Economical and more                  Cloud Computing                                  Cloud Computing
  dependable vs. desktop               Efficient, secure, and open platforms for        Highest virtualization density and advanced
                                       Internet datacenters and IAAS                    reliability for private cloud

  Entry Servers and                    High Performance Computing &                     High Performance Computing
  Workstations                         Workstations
  More features and performance than   Bandwidth-optimized for high                     Greater scaling and memory capacity
  traditional desktop systems          performance analytics & visualization




      Increasing capability


 48
48                                                                                                                #ibmiod
Intel® Xeon® Processor
     E7-8800/4800/2800 Product Families
     Building on Xeon® 7500 Leadership Capabilities



     More Performance                                                                                                                            More Expandable

     • 10 cores / 20 threads                                                                                                                    • Supports 32GB DDR3 DIMMs (2TB per 4-
                                                                                                                                                  socket system)1
     • 30MB of last level cache



      More Security & RAS                                                                                                                                 More Efficient
                                                                                                 E7-4800             E7-4800


     SECURITY                                                                                                                                            • More performance within same
     • Intel® Advanced Encryption                                                                                                                          max CPU TDP as Xeon 7500
                                                                                                 E7-4800             E7-4800                             • Lower partial active & idle power
       Standard-New Instructions
     • Intel® Trusted Execution                                                                                                                            via Intel Intelligent Power
                                                                                                                                                           Technology2
       Technology (TXT)
                                                                                                                                                         • Support for Low Voltage-DIMMs3
     RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, SERVICEABILITY                                                                                                           • Reduced power memory buffers4
     • Enhanced DRAM Double Device Data Correction
     • Fine Grained Memory Mirroring


                                          Delivers more Performance, Expandability and RAS
                                          Delivers more Performance,
                                                   while improving Energy Efficiency
                                                   while improving Energy Efficiency
       1.   Up to 64 slots per standard 4 socket system x 32GB/DIMM = 2TB
       2.   Uses similar core and package C6 power states enabled on Intel Xeon 5500/5600 series processors. Requires OS support.
49     3.
       4.
            Savings dependent on workload and configuration.
            Memory buffer power savings of up to 1.3W active and 3W idle per buffer per Intel estimates. Slightly more savings when used with LV DIMMs
                                                                                                                                                                         #ibmiod
Intel® Xeon® 7500/E7 8 Socket Configuration
           4+4 (8S)                        IBM® System
                                             x3850 X5




                                    Up to 10 cores and 2.4 Ghz
                                    per CPU

                                    Support 8 socket mode by
                                       combining 2 systems via
                                       external QPI links

                                    Memory Configuration
                                     4TB in 8 socket server
                                     6TB in 8 socket + MAX5
                                     Continued 1066MHz
                                      support
50
                                                      #ibmiod
Advanced Reliability Starts With Silicon
     Intel® Xeon® processor E7 family RAS Capabilities

                    Memory                                 I/O Hub                       CPU/Socket
        • • Inter-socket Memory Mirroring
             Inter-socket Memory Mirroring    ••   Physical IOH Hot Add
                                                    Physical IOH Hot Add   • • Machine Check Architecture
                                                                               •Machine Check Architecture
                                                                                • Machine Check Architecture
                                                                                   Machine Check Architecture
        • • Intel® ® Scalable Memory
             Intel Scalable Memory            ••   OS IOH On-lining*
                                                    OS IOH On-lining*          (MCA) recovery (MCA-R)
                                                                                (MCA) recovery (MCA-R)
                                                                                  (MCA) recovery (MCA-R)
                                                                                   (MCA) recovery (MCA-R)
            Interconnect (Intel® SMI) Lane
             Interconnect (Intel® SMI) Lane   ••   PCI-E Hot Plug
                                                    PCI-E Hot Plug            • • Corrected Machine Check
                                                                                   Corrected Machine Check
            Failover
             Failover                                                             Interrupt (CMCI)
                                                                                   Interrupt (CMCI)
        • • Intel® ® SMI Clock Fail Over
             Intel SMI Clock Fail Over                                        • • Corrupt Data Containment
                                                                                   Corrupt Data Containment
        • • Intel® ® SMIPacket Retry
             Intel SMI Packet Retry                                               Mode
                                                                                   Mode
        • • Memory Address Parity
             Memory Address Parity                                            • • Viral Mode
                                                                                   Viral Mode
        • • Failed DIMM Isolation
             Failed DIMM Isolation                                            • • OS Assisted Processor Socket
                                                                                   OS Assisted Processor Socket
        • • Memory Board Hot Add/Remove
             Memory Board Hot Add/Remove                                          Migration*
                                                                                   Migration*
        • • Dynamic Memory Migration*
             Dynamic Memory Migration*                                        • • OS CPU on-lining **
                                                                                   OS CPU on-lining
        • • OS Memory On-lining **
             OS Memory On-lining                                              • • CPU Board Hot Add at QPI
                                                                                   CPU Board Hot Add at QPI
        • • Recovery from Single DRAM
             Recovery from Single DRAM                                        • • Electronically Isolated (Static)
                                                                                   Electronically Isolated (Static)
            Device Failure (SDDC) plus
             Device Failure (SDDC) plus                                           Partitioning
                                                                                   Partitioning
            random bit error
             random bit error                                                 • • Single Core Disable for Fault
                                                                                   Single Core Disable for Fault
        • • Memory Thermal Throttling
             Memory Thermal Throttling                                            Resilient Boot
                                                                                   Resilient Boot
        • • Demand and Patrol scrubbing
             Demand and Patrol scrubbing
        • • Fail Over from Single DRAM
             Fail Over from Single DRAM                                      Intel® QuickPath Interconnect
            Device Failure (SDDC)
             Device Failure (SDDC)                                           • • Intel QPI Packet Retry
                                                                                  Intel QPI Packet Retry
        • • Enhanced DRAM Double Device
             Enhanced DRAM Double Device                                     • • Intel QPI Protocol Protection via
                                                                                  Intel QPI Protocol Protection via
            Data Correction
             Data Correction                                                     CRC (8bit or 16bit rolling)
                                                                                  CRC (8bit or 16bit rolling)
        • • Fine Grained Memory Mirroring
             Fine Grained Memory Mirroring                                   • • QPI Clock Fail Over
                                                                                  QPI Clock Fail Over
        • • Memory DIMM and Rank Sparing
             Memory DIMM and Rank Sparing                                    • • QPI Self-Healing
                                                                                  QPI Self-Healing
        • • Intra-socket Memory Mirroring
             Intra-socket Memory Mirroring
        • • Mirrored Memory Board Hot
             Mirrored Memory Board Hot
            Add/Remove
             Add/Remove


                  Advanced reliability features work to maintain data integrity
                           reliability features

51
Intel® Xeon® E5 and E7 Family Roadmap
                                            2012                                                          2013/Future




                     Intel® Xeon® processor E7-8800/4800/2800
                     product families
     Expandable      2-8 sockets, up to 10C/20T per socket, up to 30MB shared cache, “Westmere” microarchitecture




                                                                                                                            Future Intel®
                                                                                                                               Micro-
                                                                                                                            architecture
                       Intel® Xeon® processor E5-4600 product family                                                         codename
                           4 sockets, up to 8C/16T per sockets, up to 20MB shared cache, “Sandy Bridge” microarchitecture    Ivy Bridge
      4S Efficient
     Performance




                       Intel® Xeon® processor E5-2600 product family
                           2 sockets, up to 8C/16T per sockets, up to 20MB shared cache, “Sandy Bridge” microarchitecture
      2S Efficient
     Performance


52
52
                                                                                                                             #ibmiod
Big Ridge* Introduction
                Big Ridge Unleashes Platform and Application Performance with
                                           Scalable,
                             Predictable, Efficient I/O Performance
                                                           Platform NVM Tier
                               Storage Tier                                                   Memory Tier                      Compute Tier

                                                                   Big Ridge
                HDD               SSD             Intelligent Storage          Memory                       DRAM
                                                  Extension


                        Concurrently Supports NVM Direct Access and Fast Storage Usage Models

     Why Big Ridge:
     •NVM performance, cost/power create a significant inflection point for the platform/datacenter
     •CPU/Server performance has grown significantly, storage/memory has not kept pace
     •To unlock NVM potential, software optimization and new access methods are required
     •Big Ridge offers new levels of platform performance, power and overall TCO improvements
     •Architected for future NVM to further scale platform and application performance
     •We are building an extensive ecosystem of support from OEMs, ISVs and End Users

     *
      Big Ridge is Intel’s codename for its first generation of application optimized NVM technology, Safford Peak is Intel’s codename for its first product
     using this technology.

53
                                                                                                                                         #ibmiod
IWA Resources
     • IBM Informix Infocenter: http://ibm.co/fMcUDg
     • Martin’s blog: http://ibm.co/Ts0cll
     • Fred Ho’s blog: http://ibm.co/T9FaNy
     • Keshav’s blog: http://ibm.co/RQXExL




                  Thank You

54
                                                       #ibmiod

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Informix IWA data life cycle mgmt & Performance on Intel.

  • 1. Accelerating Data Life Cycle Management With Informix Warehouse Accelerator & Intel® Xeon® Processors Session 3428 Jantz Tran, Intel® Keshava Murthy, IBM #ibmiod
  • 2. Intel - Legal Disclaimers • All products, computer systems, dates, and figures specified are preliminary based on current expectations, and are subject to change without notice. • Intel processor numbers are not a measure of performance. Processor numbers differentiate features within each processor family, not across different processor families. Go to: http://www.intel.com/products/processor_number • Intel, processors, chipsets, and desktop boards may contain design defects or errors known as errata, which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request. • Intel® Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with an enabled Intel® processor, BIOS, virtual machine monitor (VMM). Functionality, performance or other benefits will vary depending on hardware and software configurations. Software applications may not be compatible with all operating systems. Consult your PC manufacturer. For more information, visit http://www.intel.com/go/virtualization • No computer system can provide absolute security under all conditions. Intel® Trusted Execution Technology (Intel® TXT) requires a computer system with Intel® Virtualization Technology, an Intel TXT-enabled processor, chipset, BIOS, Authenticated Code Modules and an Intel TXT-compatible measured launched environment (MLE). Intel TXT also requires the system to contain a TPM v1.s. For more information, visit http://www.intel.com/technology/security • Requires a system with Intel® Turbo Boost Technology capability. Consult your PC manufacturer. Performance varies depending on hardware, software and system configuration. For more information, visit http://www.intel.com/technology/turboboost • Intel® AES-NI requires a computer system with an AES-NI enabled processor, as well as non-Intel software to execute the instructions in the correct sequence. AES-NI is available on select Intel® processors. For availability, consult your reseller or system manufacturer. For more information, see http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-advanced-encryption-standard-instructions-aes-ni/ • Intel product is manufactured on a lead-free process. Lead is below 1000 PPM per EU RoHS directive (2002/95/EC, Annex A). No exemptions required • Halogen-free: Applies only to halogenated flame retardants and PVC in components. Halogens are below 900ppm bromine and 900ppm chlorine. • Intel, Intel Xeon, the Intel Xeon logo and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. • Copyright © 2012, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. #ibmiod
  • 3. Intel - Legal Disclaimers Performance • Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or software design or configuration may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of systems or components they are considering purchasing. For more information on performance tests and on the performance of Intel products, Go to: http://www.intel.com/performance/resources/benchmark_limitations.htm. • Intel does not control or audit the design or implementation of third party benchmarks or Web sites referenced in this document. Intel encourages all of its customers to visit the referenced Web sites or others where similar performance benchmarks are reported and confirm whether the referenced benchmarks are accurate and reflect performance of systems available for purchase. • Relative performance is calculated by assigning a baseline value of 1.0 to one benchmark result, and then dividing the actual benchmark result for the baseline platform into each of the specific benchmark results of each of the other platforms, and assigning them a relative performance number that correlates with the performance improvements reported. • INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS”. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO THIS INFORMATION INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. • Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or software design or configuration may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of systems or components they are considering purchasing. For more information on performance tests and on the performance of Intel products, reference www.intel.com/software/products. #ibmiod
  • 4. Call to Action: • For more information on the content covered in this session, o go to the Demo Room and see demoes. o download this analyst paper, etc o go to this website, etc. • Stop by the Data Mgmt Demo Room and see deep dive demos on more than 25 products including DB2, Data Warehousing and Informix. The Data Mgmt Demo Room is located in the far back left corner of the Expo area. • Don’t miss this Special Analyst Session! In 2022, What Is a Database? Bloor, Forrester and IDC Analysts Discuss the Future- Philip Howard of Bloor, Noel Yuhanna of Forrester and Carl Olofson of IDC peer into the future of database software. Database software operates under many paradigms today, from relational and hierarchical to cloud to NoSQL and NewSQL to in-memory to columnar to the many aspects of Big Data and more. Where will this lead? Will databases be code-centric or data-centric? Don't miss this chance to hear where these veterans think we might be headed. (Session: IDB4230a, Wednesday, 12:00pm-1:15pm, South Pacific F) 4 #ibmiod
  • 5. Data Management Demo Room DB2, Data Warehouse & Tools: Stop by the Data Mgmt Demo Room and Adaptive Compression Continuous Data Ingest see deep dive demos on more than 25 Cubing and Dynamic Cubes products including DB2, Data Database Admin & Development Solutions Data Studio Warehousing & Informix. The Data Mgmt DB2 PureScale DB2 Merge Backup Demo Room is located in the far back left DB2 Recovery Expert corner of the Expo area. Ease of App. Migration HADR Multiple Standby InfoSphere Data Architect Informix: InfoSphere Federation Server Cloud solutions Multi-temperature Data Mgmt Flexible Grid Optim High Perf. Unload Genero Optim Performance Manager TimeSeries Optim Query Workload Tuner’ Informix clustering Optim Configuration Manager Informix Warehouse Accelerator Optim pureQuery Runtime OpenAdmin Tool Real-time Operational Warehousing PureSystems: Row & Column Access Control IBM Database Patterns Time Travel Query PureData System for Operational Analytics Workload Mgmt PureData System for Transactions Zig-Zag Join IBM Mobile Database 5 #ibmiod
  • 6. Agenda • Overview of Informix Warehouse Accelerator. • Data Life Cycle scenarios and Performance • Using Informix high availability to scale out • Intel Inside® : Intel® Technology & Roadmap o Scaling on Xeon® E7 Platform 6 #ibmiod
  • 7. Overview of Informix Warehouse Accelerator. 7 #ibmiod
  • 8. Motivation • Data Warehouse query Performance without Perspiration • Consistent query performance without tuning efforts. • More questions, faster answers, better data driven decisions & business insights • SKECHERS: Acceleration from 60x to 1400x – average acceleration of 450x 8 #ibmiod
  • 9. Informix Ultimate Warehouse edition IBM Smart Analytics Studio Step 1. Install, configure, start Informix Step 2. Install, configure, Step 3 start Accelerator Step 1 Step 3. Connect Studio to Informix & add accelerator Step 4 Informix Database Server Step 4. Design, validate, Deploy Data mart Step 5 Step 5. Load data to accelerator Ready for Queries BI Applications Step 2 Ready Informix warehouse Accelerator 9 #ibmiod
  • 10. 10 #ibmiod
  • 12. Understanding Data Loading From Informix to IWA 12 #ibmiod
  • 13. Distributing data from IDS (Fact tables) Fact Table IDS Stored Procedures Data Fragment Coordinator UNLOAD UNLOAD UNLOAD Process Data Fragment UNLOAD Data Fragment Data Fragment A copy of the IDS data is now transferred over to the Worker Copy process. The Worker process holds a subset of the data Worker Worker Worker (compressed) in main memory Process Process Process and is able to execute queries on this subset. The data is evenly distributed (no value based partitioning) across the CPUs. Compressed Data Compressed Data Compressed Data Compressed Data Compressed Data Compressed Data 13 #ibmiod
  • 14. Distributing data from IDS (Dimension tables) IDS Stored Procedure IDS Dimension Table Dimension Table Coordinator UNLOAD UNLOAD UNLOAD Process Dimension Table UNLOAD Dimension Table Worker Worker Worker All dimension tables are Process Process Process transferred to the worker process. 14 #ibmiod
  • 15. Data Transfer from Informix to IWA – First time Design the Data Mart Deploy the Data Mart LOAD the mart -- ISAO Studio Ready -- ISAO Studio -- ISAO Studio for Queries -- Workload Analysis -- Workload Analysis -- command line tool Optionally lock the table Informix Insert table data into external table Send data over to IWA Fact table – split into each worker Dim table – copy to each worker Compression frequency partitioning & encoding IWA Write the memory image to disk 15 #ibmiod
  • 16. Compression: Frequency Partitioning Trade Info (volume, product, Column Partitions origin country) Histogram Occurrences Number of Vol Prod Origin on Origin China GER, USA FRA, … Rest Common Rare Values values Origin Top 64 traded goods Cell Cell Cell 4 – 6 bit code 1 3 Product Cell Cell Cell 6 Rest 2 5 Histogram on Product Table partitioned into Cells • Field lengths vary between cells • Higher Frequencies  Shorter Codes (Approximate Huffman) • Field lengths fixed within cells 16 #ibmiod
  • 17. Data Life Cycle scenarios and Support 17 #ibmiod
  • 18. Case 1: Full refresh every time Design the Data Mart Deploy the Data Mart LOAD the mart Ready -- ISAO Studio -- ISAO Studio -- ISAO Studio (enabled) -- Workload Analysis -- Workload Analysis -- command line tool for Queries Disable the mart • During the data load, queries cannot be accelerated. • Work around: Create additional, duplicate mart. • Informix always picks up the data mart that was last loaded. 18 #ibmiod
  • 19. Time cyclic data management Partitioned fact table, partitioned by week working window week1 week2 week3 19 #ibmiod
  • 20. Time cyclic data management Partitioned fact table, partitioned by week working window week1 week2 week3 week4 DETACH ATTACH week1 week4 partition partition 20 #ibmiod
  • 21. Case 2: Partition refresh: Updates to existing Partitions IBM Smart Analytics Step 1. Create the Sales-Mart Studio or stored and load it. Sales is the fact partitioned fact table procedures or table -- range partitioned. command line tool Step 2. Load jobs update the fact table “sales” Step 1 Only updates existing partition customer Step 2 sales Step 3. Identify the partition, execute dropPartMart(). Modified partition SQL Script: call Stored procedure Step 4. for same partition, execute loadPartMart(). stores Step 3 Step 4 Informix Database Server Ready for Queries INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE BI Applications IWA Sales-Mart Ready OLTP Apps 21 #ibmiod
  • 22. Time cyclic data management with IWA Partitioned fact table, partitioned by week working window week1 week2 week3 week4 week6 DETACH ATTACH partition partition 1. Execute dropPartMart()on IWA 2. DETACH partition from the table a. ATTACH the partition b. Execute loadPartMart() on IWA 22 #ibmiod
  • 23. Case 3: Partition refresh: Time Cyclic data management IBM Smart Analytics Step 1. Create the Sales-Mart Studio or stored and load it. Sales is the fact partitioned fact table procedures or table -- range partitioned. command line tool Need to move the Time window to next range. Step 1 customer ep 2. DETACH operation sales Execute dropPartMart() Move the window. DETACH the partition ep 3. ATTACH operation ATTACH the partition stores Execute loadPartMart() Step 2 Step 3 Informix Database Server Ready for Queries BI Applications IWA Sales-Mart Ready OLTP Apps 23 #ibmiod
  • 24. dropPartMart() function dropPartMart(accelerator name, mart name, table owner, table name, partition id or name) Execute function dropPartMart(‘iwa’, ‘salesmart’, ‘dsusr’, ‘sales_fact’, ‘july_partition’); 1. Uses the accelerator name, datamart name, table name and partition name. 2. Partition name can be the name of the partition or partition number (sysfragments.partn) The partition name or number should be a valid partition for the table. 3. Call dropPartMart() first before doing the DEATCH 4. In IWA, the data is removed row by row; when all the rows in a block is freed, the block and memory is freed. 5. No compression dictionary update on IWA. 24 #ibmiod
  • 25. loadPartMart() function loadPartMart(accelerator name, mart name, table owner, table name, partition id or name) Execute function loadPartMart(‘iwa’, ‘salesmart’, ‘dsusr’, ‘sales_fact’, ‘july_partition’); 1. Uses the accelerator name, datamart name, table name and partition name. 2. Partition name can be the name of the partition or partition number (sysfragments.partn). The partition name or number should be a valid partition for the table. 3. The partition should be in the table before loading to IWA. ATTACH the partition first, before calling loadPartMart(). 4. During every load, row is prefixed with the rowid and sent over to IWA. 5. The data is encoded with existing compression dictionary and 25 hence very fast. #ibmiod
  • 26. create table cust(k1 int primary key, name varchar(32), age int); -- Simply update the data for existing partitions create table store(k2 int primary key, sname varchar(18)); execute function dropPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1', 'salesfact', 'p3'); create table salesfact(sk1_cust int, sk2_store int, id int, val decimal(9,2)) partition by expression execute function loadPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1', 'salesfact', 'p3'); partition p1 (id = 1) in rootdbs, partition p2 (id = 2) in rootdbs, -- drop partition from the table partition p3 (id = 3) in rootdbs; execute function dropPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1', 'salesfact', 'p1'); insert into cust values(1, "John Smith", 32); alter fragment on table salesfact detach p1 salesfact_p1; insert into cust values(2, "Joe Smith", 32); insert into cust values(3, "John Doe", 32); -- attach a partition from the table. create table p4(sk1_cust int, sk2_store int, id int, val decimal(9,2), check (id = 4)); insert into store values(101, "San Jose"); insert into store values(102, "New Delhi"); alter fragment on table salesfact attach p4 as (id = 4) after p3; insert into store values(103, "Munich"); execute function loadPartMart('my_acc', 'salesmart', 'o1', 'salesfact', 'p4'); insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 1, 20.22); insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 3, 80.24); insert into salesfact values(1, 102, 2, 34.34); insert into salesfact values(1, 103, 1, 23.28); insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 1, 20.22); insert into salesfact values(1, 102, 3, 80.24); insert into salesfact values(1, 103, 2, 34.34); 26 insert into salesfact values(1, 101, 1, 23.28); #ibmiod
  • 27. Performance Web_sales data mart • Fact table: web_sales with 4.1 billion rows • Each partition has about 120 million rows • Full Refresh: 3 hours 29 minutes: 287 GB/hour • Dropping a partition from IWA: 46 seconds • Loading a partition from IWA: 115 seconds Total operation time on IWA is less than 3 minutes. 27 #ibmiod
  • 28. Keeping Informix and IWA data in sync Fact Table: out of sync Fact Table: out of sync Dimensions: in-sync Dimensions: in-sync On IWA, drop and On IWA, drop and Reload fact partitions Reload fact partitions Load transactions to existing partitions Attach new partition, in Fact table Fact Table: in-sync Dimensions: in-sync On IWA, drop and First, detach the partition on IWA Reload dimension partitions Then detach the partition on Informix Fact Table: sync Update customer info, Dimensions: out of sync Intend to detach Store info, etc Fact Table: In-sync Full Reload of the data mart can be done any time. Dimensions: in-sync 28 #ibmiod
  • 29. Using Informix high availability to scale out 29 #ibmiod
  • 30. Informix Warehouse Accelerator – In 11.70.FC4 IBM Smart Analytics Step 1. Install, configure, Studio start Informix Step 2. Install, configure, Step 3 start Accelerator Step 1 Step 3. Connect Studio to Informix & add accelerator Step 4 Informix Database Server Step 4. Design, validate, Deploy Data mart Step 5 Step 5. Load data to accelerator Ready for Queries BI Applications Step 2 Ready Informix warehouse Accelerator 30 30 #ibmiod
  • 31. Background • Prior to 11.70.FC5, adding accelerator, create, deploy, load, enable, disable datamart, accelerating queries – are all operations officially supported only on Standard server or Primary node of MACH11/HA environment. • We estimate about 50% of Informix customers use HDR secondary servers and growing number of customers use MACH11 (SDS secondary) configurations and RSS nodes. MACH11 is the Informix scale out solution. • IWA itself supports a scale out solution (on a cluster) starting with 11.70.FC4. • Reasons to support MACH11 and IWA together. o This feature will enable partitioning a cluster or HA group between OLTP and BI workload. o This feature will give help to off-load the expensive LOAD functionality to secondary servers o We have customers now requesting support for HDR secondary to IWA 31 #ibmiod
  • 32. Informix Warehouse Accelerator – 11.70.FC5. MACH11 Support IBM Smart Analytics Step 1. Install, configure, Studio start Informix Step 2. Install, configure, Step 3 Informix start Accelerator Informix Step 1 Informix HDR Informix RSS Secondary Step 3. Connect Studio to SDS1 Informix & add accelerator Informix Primary SDS2 Step 4 Step 4. Design, validate, Deploy Data mart from Primary, SDS, HDR, RSS Step 5 Step 5. Add IWA to sqlhosts Load data to Accelerator from any node. Ready for Queries BI Applications Step 2 Ready Informix warehouse Accelerator 32 32 #ibmiod
  • 33. Step 1: Install: • Informix and IWA are installed just like before. • Informix can be combination of standard, primary, SDS, HDR secondary and RSS nodes. • IWA can be installed on the same computer as any one of the nodes or on distinct computer. • IWA can also be installed on a cluster hardware with multiple worker nodes for scale out performance. 33 #ibmiod
  • 34. Step 2: Configure • Informix and IWA are installed just like before. • Informix can be combination of standard, primary, SDS, HDR secondary and RSS nodes. • IWA can be installed on the same computer as any one of the nodes or on distinct computer. • IWA can also be installed on a cluster hardware with multiple worker nodes for scale out performance. • Note: Informix MACH11 technology works with logged and ANSI databases only. 34 #ibmiod
  • 35. Step 2: Configure •The secondary servers should be updatable secondary servers. •Set this in $ONCONFIG UPDATABLE_SECONDARY 10 35 #ibmiod
  • 36. Step 3: Connect • You can connect to IWA from Informix from any of the Informix servers using existing method. o Get the connection details via: # ondwa getpin o The output will be, ip address, port, pin for IWA connection. o Use that information to create the connection. • After successful connection from Informix to IWA, the SQLHOSTS will have something like this FAST group - - c=1,a=484224232041684420473a283e612f74393e6025757159506a51344a6b4e2f2d2d47455e6b653f2f6c795f287d7b65 224d6c3c2f65722e6a2a4245397b3b447d572c3129696b306440 FAST_1 dwsoctcp 162.34.42.188 21022 g=FAST • To use this connection on any of Informix nodes, copy these lines AS IS to the SQLHOSTS file of those servers. • Make sure copy ALL the lines within the FAST group. 36 #ibmiod
  • 37. Step 3: Connect...continued • The name of the IWA will be used as the AQT site name in systables.sitename. So, it’s important to have the right site name in SQLHOSTS entry for a successful connection. • Changing ANY of the details of this SQLHOSTS entry will result in connection, query matching and acceleration issues. 37 #ibmiod
  • 38. Step 4. Design, Validate and Deploy • The secondary servers should be updatable secondary servers. • Set this in $ONCONFIG UPDATABLE_SECONDARY 10 • The Design, validate and deploy would be identical. • The partition refresh via dropPartMart() and loadPartMart() can be invoked from any node of the MACH11 cluster. 38 #ibmiod
  • 39. IWA: Road so far… 12.10: Now in Beta. Sign up! 2012 IOD 2012 IIUG 11.7xC6 Partition refresh 11.7xC5 (Dimension tables) Support TimeSeries 11.7xC4 Partition Refresh (fact) 11.7xC3 MACH11 support 11.7xC2 Solaris on Intel SMB: IGWE Scale out: IWA Workload Analysis Tool on Blade Server IWA 1 Release st More Locales On SMP Data Currency 39 39 #ibmiod
  • 40. Informix Publications Bulletin of the Technical Committee on Data Engineering: March 2012 Vol. 35 No. 1 Real Time Business Intelligence. September 2, 2011 - Seattle, United States 2012 Bloor Report: IBM Informix in hybrid workload environments 2012 Ovum Analyst report: Informix Accelerates Analytic Integration into OLTP http://youtu.be/xJd8M-fbMI0 IBM Data management Magazine: Supercharging the data wharehouse while keeping the costs down. DBTA Article: Empowering Business Analysts with Faster Insights 40 #ibmiod
  • 41. Intel Inside® : Xeon® E7 Scaling 41 #ibmiod
  • 42. Intel® Xeon® E7-8870: One Terabyte Scaling performance. • Hardware setup o Intel® Xeon® E7-8870 processor – 4 socket (40C/80T) and 8 socket (80C/160T) configurations • 2.4 GHz, 30MB last level shared cache o 10 TB storage o 2 TB RAM • Software Setup o Informix and Informix Warehouse Accelerator: v11.70.FC5 o Both Informix and IWA on the same machine. 42 #ibmiod
  • 43. Scaling in Westmere: Data Warehouse Setup. • TPC-DS Schema; web_sales 73,049 66 • Mart Data size: 1 terabytes 22 • web_sales, 4.1 billion rows 360,000 o Fact with 34 partitions 86,400 4.1 billion • Dimensions: 13, non partitioned. 1,800 3600 20 1.9 million 15 million 7,200 66 30 million 43 #ibmiod
  • 44. Scaling in Westmere: Results 44 #ibmiod
  • 45. Intel Inside® : Intel® Technology & Roadmap 45 #ibmiod
  • 46. INTEL/IWA: Breakthrough technologies for performance 7. Multi-core, multi-node environment 1. Large memory support Nehalem has 8 cores and Westmere 10 cores. This trend is 64-bit computing; System X with MAX5 supports up expected to continue. IWA: Parallelize the scan, join, group to 6TB on a single SMP box; Up to 640GB on each operations. Keep copies of dimensions to avoid cross-node node of blade center. IWA: Compress large dataset synchronization. and keep it in memory; totally avoid IO. 6. Single Instruction Multiple Data Specialized instructions for manipulating 2. Large on-chip Cache 128-bit data simultaneously. IWA: L1 cache 64KB per core, L2 cache is 256KB per Compresses the data into deep columnar 7 1 core and L3 cache is about 4-12 MB. fashion optimized to exploit SIMD. Used in Additional Translation lookaside buffer (TLB). parallel predicate evaluation in scans. 6 2 IWA: New algorithms to avoid pipeline flushing and cache hash tables in L2/L3 cache 5 3 5. Hyperthreading 4 3. Frequency Partitioning 2x logical processors; increases processor IWA: Enabler for the effective parallel access throughput and overall performance of threaded of the compressed data for scanning. software. IWA: Does not exploit this since the Horizontal and Vertical Partition Elimination. software is written to avoid pipeline flushing. 4. Virtualization Performance Lower overhead: Core micro-architecture enhancements, EPT, VPID, and End-to-End HW assist IWA: Helps informix and IWA to seemlessly run and perform in virtualized environment. 46 46 #ibmiod
  • 47. Tick-Tock Development Model: Sustained Microprocessor Leadership Intel® Core™ ® ™ Intel® Microarchitecture Intel® Microarchitecture Intel® Microarchitecture Microarchitecture Codename Nehalem Codename Sandy Codename Haswell Bridge Merom Penryn Nehalem Westmere Sandy Ivy Haswell Future 65nm 45nm 45nm 32nm Bridge 32nm Bridge 22nm 22nm 14nm New New New New New New New New Micro- Process Micro- Process Micro- Process Micro- Process architecture Technology architecture Technology architecture Technology architecture Technology TOCK TICK TOCK TICK TOCK TICK TOCK TICK 47 #ibmiod
  • 48. Intel Xeon Processor ® ® Family for Business Scalable Enterprise Mainstream Top-of-the-line performance, Enterprise scalability, and reliability Best combination of performance, power efficiency, and cost Mission Critical Small Business Enterprise Server Performance and reliability for the most business critical workloads with outstanding Versatility for infrastructure apps (up to 4S) economics Economical and more Cloud Computing Cloud Computing dependable vs. desktop Efficient, secure, and open platforms for Highest virtualization density and advanced Internet datacenters and IAAS reliability for private cloud Entry Servers and High Performance Computing & High Performance Computing Workstations Workstations More features and performance than Bandwidth-optimized for high Greater scaling and memory capacity traditional desktop systems performance analytics & visualization Increasing capability 48 48 #ibmiod
  • 49. Intel® Xeon® Processor E7-8800/4800/2800 Product Families Building on Xeon® 7500 Leadership Capabilities More Performance More Expandable • 10 cores / 20 threads • Supports 32GB DDR3 DIMMs (2TB per 4- socket system)1 • 30MB of last level cache More Security & RAS More Efficient E7-4800 E7-4800 SECURITY • More performance within same • Intel® Advanced Encryption max CPU TDP as Xeon 7500 E7-4800 E7-4800 • Lower partial active & idle power Standard-New Instructions • Intel® Trusted Execution via Intel Intelligent Power Technology2 Technology (TXT) • Support for Low Voltage-DIMMs3 RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, SERVICEABILITY • Reduced power memory buffers4 • Enhanced DRAM Double Device Data Correction • Fine Grained Memory Mirroring Delivers more Performance, Expandability and RAS Delivers more Performance, while improving Energy Efficiency while improving Energy Efficiency 1. Up to 64 slots per standard 4 socket system x 32GB/DIMM = 2TB 2. Uses similar core and package C6 power states enabled on Intel Xeon 5500/5600 series processors. Requires OS support. 49 3. 4. Savings dependent on workload and configuration. Memory buffer power savings of up to 1.3W active and 3W idle per buffer per Intel estimates. Slightly more savings when used with LV DIMMs #ibmiod
  • 50. Intel® Xeon® 7500/E7 8 Socket Configuration 4+4 (8S) IBM® System x3850 X5 Up to 10 cores and 2.4 Ghz per CPU Support 8 socket mode by combining 2 systems via external QPI links Memory Configuration  4TB in 8 socket server  6TB in 8 socket + MAX5  Continued 1066MHz support 50 #ibmiod
  • 51. Advanced Reliability Starts With Silicon Intel® Xeon® processor E7 family RAS Capabilities Memory I/O Hub CPU/Socket • • Inter-socket Memory Mirroring Inter-socket Memory Mirroring •• Physical IOH Hot Add Physical IOH Hot Add • • Machine Check Architecture •Machine Check Architecture • Machine Check Architecture Machine Check Architecture • • Intel® ® Scalable Memory Intel Scalable Memory •• OS IOH On-lining* OS IOH On-lining* (MCA) recovery (MCA-R) (MCA) recovery (MCA-R) (MCA) recovery (MCA-R) (MCA) recovery (MCA-R) Interconnect (Intel® SMI) Lane Interconnect (Intel® SMI) Lane •• PCI-E Hot Plug PCI-E Hot Plug • • Corrected Machine Check Corrected Machine Check Failover Failover Interrupt (CMCI) Interrupt (CMCI) • • Intel® ® SMI Clock Fail Over Intel SMI Clock Fail Over • • Corrupt Data Containment Corrupt Data Containment • • Intel® ® SMIPacket Retry Intel SMI Packet Retry Mode Mode • • Memory Address Parity Memory Address Parity • • Viral Mode Viral Mode • • Failed DIMM Isolation Failed DIMM Isolation • • OS Assisted Processor Socket OS Assisted Processor Socket • • Memory Board Hot Add/Remove Memory Board Hot Add/Remove Migration* Migration* • • Dynamic Memory Migration* Dynamic Memory Migration* • • OS CPU on-lining ** OS CPU on-lining • • OS Memory On-lining ** OS Memory On-lining • • CPU Board Hot Add at QPI CPU Board Hot Add at QPI • • Recovery from Single DRAM Recovery from Single DRAM • • Electronically Isolated (Static) Electronically Isolated (Static) Device Failure (SDDC) plus Device Failure (SDDC) plus Partitioning Partitioning random bit error random bit error • • Single Core Disable for Fault Single Core Disable for Fault • • Memory Thermal Throttling Memory Thermal Throttling Resilient Boot Resilient Boot • • Demand and Patrol scrubbing Demand and Patrol scrubbing • • Fail Over from Single DRAM Fail Over from Single DRAM Intel® QuickPath Interconnect Device Failure (SDDC) Device Failure (SDDC) • • Intel QPI Packet Retry Intel QPI Packet Retry • • Enhanced DRAM Double Device Enhanced DRAM Double Device • • Intel QPI Protocol Protection via Intel QPI Protocol Protection via Data Correction Data Correction CRC (8bit or 16bit rolling) CRC (8bit or 16bit rolling) • • Fine Grained Memory Mirroring Fine Grained Memory Mirroring • • QPI Clock Fail Over QPI Clock Fail Over • • Memory DIMM and Rank Sparing Memory DIMM and Rank Sparing • • QPI Self-Healing QPI Self-Healing • • Intra-socket Memory Mirroring Intra-socket Memory Mirroring • • Mirrored Memory Board Hot Mirrored Memory Board Hot Add/Remove Add/Remove Advanced reliability features work to maintain data integrity reliability features 51
  • 52. Intel® Xeon® E5 and E7 Family Roadmap 2012 2013/Future Intel® Xeon® processor E7-8800/4800/2800 product families Expandable 2-8 sockets, up to 10C/20T per socket, up to 30MB shared cache, “Westmere” microarchitecture Future Intel® Micro- architecture Intel® Xeon® processor E5-4600 product family codename 4 sockets, up to 8C/16T per sockets, up to 20MB shared cache, “Sandy Bridge” microarchitecture Ivy Bridge 4S Efficient Performance Intel® Xeon® processor E5-2600 product family 2 sockets, up to 8C/16T per sockets, up to 20MB shared cache, “Sandy Bridge” microarchitecture 2S Efficient Performance 52 52 #ibmiod
  • 53. Big Ridge* Introduction Big Ridge Unleashes Platform and Application Performance with Scalable, Predictable, Efficient I/O Performance Platform NVM Tier Storage Tier Memory Tier Compute Tier Big Ridge HDD SSD Intelligent Storage  Memory DRAM Extension Concurrently Supports NVM Direct Access and Fast Storage Usage Models Why Big Ridge: •NVM performance, cost/power create a significant inflection point for the platform/datacenter •CPU/Server performance has grown significantly, storage/memory has not kept pace •To unlock NVM potential, software optimization and new access methods are required •Big Ridge offers new levels of platform performance, power and overall TCO improvements •Architected for future NVM to further scale platform and application performance •We are building an extensive ecosystem of support from OEMs, ISVs and End Users * Big Ridge is Intel’s codename for its first generation of application optimized NVM technology, Safford Peak is Intel’s codename for its first product using this technology. 53 #ibmiod
  • 54. IWA Resources • IBM Informix Infocenter: http://ibm.co/fMcUDg • Martin’s blog: http://ibm.co/Ts0cll • Fred Ho’s blog: http://ibm.co/T9FaNy • Keshav’s blog: http://ibm.co/RQXExL Thank You 54 #ibmiod

Editor's Notes

  1. IBM IOD 2011 10/25/12 Prensenter name here.ppt
  2. IBM IOD 2011 10/25/12 Prensenter name here.ppt 10/25/12 18:58
  3. IBM IOD 2011 10/25/12 Prensenter name here.ppt 10/25/12 18:58
  4. IWA uses a technique called Frequency Partitioning. In the diagram above, once sees that the table Trade Info contains columns Volume, Product, Orgin Country. Histograms are built for each column to determine frequency of data value occurrences, as shown with Origin and Product. Then the system looks for the most frequently occuring values in each of the columns, in the example, Top 64 Traded Goods. It then encodes those values with the least number of bits that can adequately represent the data (Approximate Huffman encoding) Idea being that most accessed values will require the least number of bits to be manipulated. Now, these values are then intersected with values in other columns, Top Traded Goods from China/USA. These encoded values are then placed in memory cells across all available memory in the system used for subsequest scan operations. The next slide shows an example of this and further encoding used for IWA.
  5. Slide Purpose: Show full systems and use as chance to highlight the Energy Efficiency enhancements in Intel® Xeon® processor E7 family The Xeon E7 family is designed and built upon Intel’s 32nm Nehalem micro-architecture, which allows us to deliver 25% more cores and cache providing more performance within same maximum TDP as the Xeon 7500 series. It also supports 16 DIMMs per socket, which equates to 2TB of memory for the 4-socket E7-4800 product family – allowing for increased expandability. The Xeon E7 family features energy efficiency technologies including the Intel® Intelligent Power Technology (IPT) which is a shared technology from Intel’s Efficient Performance product line. IPT reduces partial active and idle power in the CPU and memory. Xeon E7 also supports lower power memory as well as memory buffers which support both standard and LV-DIMMs. The Xeon processor E7 family not only includes all of the reliability, availability and serviceability (RAS) features of the previous generation such as machine check architecture-recovery but also includes additional memory error correction features such as Enhanced DRAM Double Device Data Correction (DDDC) and Fine Grained Memory Mirroring. DDDC is an improved memory RAS feature which allows for a 2nd memory error & replacement of DIMMs w/o crashing . Fine Grained Memory Mirroring provides protection against uncorrectable memory errors that would otherwise result in a platform failure and allows for more flexible memory mirroring configurations (allows memory mirroring of just a critical portion of memory, leaving the rest of memory un-mirrored). This enables more cost-effective mirroring by mirroring just the critical portion of memory versus the entire memory space. New security features such as Intel® Advanced Encryption Standard New Instructions (AES-NI) and Intel® Trusted Execution Technology (TXT) are also supported. These advanced security features within the Xeon processor E7 family work to maintain data integrity, accelerate encrypted transactions, and maximize business continuity.
  6. Intel Confidential