Informative writing
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This document provides guidance on writing an informative essay with a focus on unity, coherence, and organization. It recommends choosing a clear topic and identifying relevant sub-topics to structure the essay. The writer then chooses to focus on the sub-topics of vampires and burial practices and vampires and disease epidemics in Slavic folklore. Examples are given of organizing the essay by types of sub-topics or chronologically. Supporting each sub-topic with evidence from sources is also discussed. Text features can aid readers' understanding but the main text must provide the essential information.
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Writing Assignment Annotated Bibliography (AB)Due Dates (by .docx
Writing Assignment: Annotated Bibliography (AB)
Due Dates (by 11:59PM):
Rubin AB entry:
1/30
AB Draft
(3 entries):
2/25
OPTIONAL:
AB Final Draft
(5 entries): 3/ 10
AB Revised Draft:
3/17
Mechanics: 6 page minimum (including 5 AB entries and a Literature Review with CRQ), double-spaced, 12 point, 1” margins, MLA (or other) format
Explanation
Annotated Bibliography is a genre of writing in academia that works to show your awareness of what others have written about a topic. The work done in an AB, including introducing the authors with brief intellectual biographies; explicating the main claims and concepts; tracing the argument and its evidence; evaluating the source; and discussing its stakes and implications gives some context to the course reading you choose to research and situates the course reading into a research topic by indicating the intellectual conversations you are entering. The point of this assignment is to practice research skills but also to dig a little deeper into 4 of our readings using research. For this assignment:Writing Task
1. Compile an Annotated Bibliographyof five scholarly sources, including one entry for Gayle Rubin’s “Thinking Sex” and 4 more scholarly sources based on researching sources that are connected to one (the deep dive) or more of our course readings. See the next page for the specific AB entry format.
· Sources
· “Scholarly” means peer-reviewed articles from academic journals or chapters in books written by experts in a field and not wikis, encyclopedias, newspapers, popular magazines/media, blogs, websites, etc. (see the Library Guide on what constitutes a scholarly source).
· “Connected” means that each of your researched, scholarly sources must be connection to a course reading in some way. You can either find a source that engages or discusses the particular critical essay or cultural text from the course calendar or you can do research on a topic or theme that is brought up in or similar to the course reading. Whatever you decide, you’ll explain the connection in your quote analysis.
· “Deep Dive” means you may also include more than one researched source per course text. You can, for instance, research two sources on a critical essay and two on a cultural text or even include 4 sources that are all about one essay or text to give some in-depth engagement with one course reading. Alternatively, you may also include 4 sources on 4 different course texts.
· Focus
· If you’d like, you canfocus your research within a broad topic, on a field of knowledge, or on a really specific object of analysis within that topic. For example, you can produce an AB based on a specific topic (like racialized hypersexuality, the sex/gender/desire matrix, or a particular sexual stereotype) or a specific discipline (for instance, focus on the sociology of sex) or an interdisciplinary one that pursues a critical research question through multiple fields of knowledge (for instance, focused on how sociology, cult.
Writing Assignment Annotated Bibliography (AB)Due Dates (by .docx
This document provides information about an annotated bibliography assignment for a class. Students are asked to write a 5-entry annotated bibliography on scholarly sources related to one or more course readings, including one entry on Gayle Rubin's "Thinking Sex." They must also write a literature review paragraph framing the bibliography entries around a critical research question. The annotated bibliography entries should introduce and summarize each source, analyze a quote, evaluate the source's credibility, and discuss the source's implications.
Literature ReviewsWhat this handout is aboutThis handout w.docx
Literature Reviews
What this handout is about
This handout will explain what literature reviews are and offer insights into the form and construction of literature reviews in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences.
Introduction
OK. You’ve got to write a literature review. You dust off a novel and a book of poetry, settle down in your chair, and get ready to issue a “thumbs up” or “thumbs down” as you leaf through the pages. “Literature review” done. Right?
Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a topic, not necessarily the great literary texts of the world. “Literature” could be anything from a set of government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to scholarly articles on the treatment of a torn ACL. And a review does not necessarily mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you liked these sources.
What is a literature review, then?
A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period.
A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant.
But how is a literature review different from an academic research paper?
The main focus of an academic research paper is to develop a new argument, and a research paper will contain a literature review as one of its parts. In a research paper, you use the literature as a foundation and as support for a new insight that you contribute. The focus of a literature review, however, is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of others without adding new contributions.
Why do we write literature reviews?
Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have limited time to conduct research, literature reviews can give you an overview or act as a stepping stone. For professionals, they are useful reports that keep them up to date with what is current in the field. For scholars, the depth and breadth of the literature review emphasizes the credibility of the writer in his or her field. Literature reviews also provide a solid background for a research paper’s investigation. Comprehensive knowledge of the literature of the field is essential to most research papers.
Who writes these things, anyway?
Literature reviews are written occasionally in the humanities, but mostly in the sciences and social scienc.
Literature reviews-the-writing-center
The document provides guidance on writing a literature review. It explains that a literature review discusses and synthesizes published sources on a particular topic rather than providing personal opinions. It should have an organizational structure and combine both summary and analysis of sources. The document advises clarifying the assignment with the instructor, finding example literature reviews, narrowing the topic, considering source currency, and developing an organizational structure like chronological, thematic, or methodological. It provides tips for writing like using evidence from sources, keeping your own voice, and revising thoroughly.
Week Three Assignment Worksheet1) Select an aspect of your own c.docx
Week Three Assignment Worksheet
1) Select an aspect of your own culture from the list provided for Part I.
(
Education
)Cultural aspect chosen:
2) Select a source to use for Part I of the paper. You will be using your textbook and the article by Miner for this section as well, but for this assignment, include the source you found on your own.
(
al-
hijra
.org.nz
www.
hijra
.or.ke/
hijras
-interventions/
education
Kenyan Ministry of Education
www.
hijra
.or.ke/
hijras
-interventions/
education
)Reference entry:
3) Select an article from the list for Part II.
(
Murphy, F. (2011). Archives of sorrow: An exploration of Au
stralia's stolen generations and their journey
into the past.
History
and
Anthropology, 22
(4), 481
-
495. Retrieved from
the
EBSCOhost
database
)Reference entry:
4) Summarize each of your sources.
(
"As
stated
on
the
site
the
United Nations High Commissioner
for
Refugees (UNHCR), fellow
members
of
the
Urban Refugee Protection Network (URPN)
and
the
Kenyan Ministry of Education (MOE)
.That
the
HIJRA
works
to
make
sure
that
each
child
has
materials
and
that
they
get
the
attention
and
space
that is required,
to be
able
to
perform
in an
appropriate
learning
environment
.
HIJRA's
presence
in Nairobi is
there
to
provide
space
for
unity
in
community
sensitization
and
education
."
The
Kenyan
education
works
to
savoir
the
protection
,
nutrition
,
sanitation
and
access
to
most
of
the
provision
of
necessary
education
materials
,
and
infrastructure
rehabilitation
.
Education
is
paramount
to
the
Hijra
people
"The Global Partnership
for
Education (GPE) has
approved
a
grant
of USD 88.4 million to
the
Ministry of Education Science
and
Technology
for
the
Kenya Primary Education Development
Project,
"
the
grant
they
will
receive
will
cover
improving
mathematics
competencies,
strengthen
primary
school
management
systems
evidence-based
policy
development
this
grant
will
run
from -2015-2018. ."
Once
out of
school
,
that
can
hinder
their
ability
to
secure
well-paid
or
high-status
employment
. Rickford (1999)
suggests
that
improving
AAVE
students
'
ability
to
communicate
effectively
in SE may
lead
to their
improved
socioeconomic
status
later
in
life
."
)Summary of your sourcefor Part I (include one to two paragraphs):
(
in Archives of Sorrow: An Exploration of Australia's Stolen Generation and their Journey into the Past, "Rona Murphy about the removal of the children from the families and put in Kinchela Aboriginal boy's home. when one in three children were forcibly removed from their families. Children were taken and put into institutions. their rights were taken away from them and children abused very bad. looking back into the archives brought up many sad memories for the children of the stolen generatio.
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Writing Assignment Annotated Bibliography (AB)Due Dates (by .docx
Writing Assignment: Annotated Bibliography (AB)
Due Dates (by 11:59PM):
Rubin AB entry:
1/30
AB Draft
(3 entries):
2/25
OPTIONAL:
AB Final Draft
(5 entries): 3/ 10
AB Revised Draft:
3/17
Mechanics: 6 page minimum (including 5 AB entries and a Literature Review with CRQ), double-spaced, 12 point, 1” margins, MLA (or other) format
Explanation
Annotated Bibliography is a genre of writing in academia that works to show your awareness of what others have written about a topic. The work done in an AB, including introducing the authors with brief intellectual biographies; explicating the main claims and concepts; tracing the argument and its evidence; evaluating the source; and discussing its stakes and implications gives some context to the course reading you choose to research and situates the course reading into a research topic by indicating the intellectual conversations you are entering. The point of this assignment is to practice research skills but also to dig a little deeper into 4 of our readings using research. For this assignment:Writing Task
1. Compile an Annotated Bibliographyof five scholarly sources, including one entry for Gayle Rubin’s “Thinking Sex” and 4 more scholarly sources based on researching sources that are connected to one (the deep dive) or more of our course readings. See the next page for the specific AB entry format.
· Sources
· “Scholarly” means peer-reviewed articles from academic journals or chapters in books written by experts in a field and not wikis, encyclopedias, newspapers, popular magazines/media, blogs, websites, etc. (see the Library Guide on what constitutes a scholarly source).
· “Connected” means that each of your researched, scholarly sources must be connection to a course reading in some way. You can either find a source that engages or discusses the particular critical essay or cultural text from the course calendar or you can do research on a topic or theme that is brought up in or similar to the course reading. Whatever you decide, you’ll explain the connection in your quote analysis.
· “Deep Dive” means you may also include more than one researched source per course text. You can, for instance, research two sources on a critical essay and two on a cultural text or even include 4 sources that are all about one essay or text to give some in-depth engagement with one course reading. Alternatively, you may also include 4 sources on 4 different course texts.
· Focus
· If you’d like, you canfocus your research within a broad topic, on a field of knowledge, or on a really specific object of analysis within that topic. For example, you can produce an AB based on a specific topic (like racialized hypersexuality, the sex/gender/desire matrix, or a particular sexual stereotype) or a specific discipline (for instance, focus on the sociology of sex) or an interdisciplinary one that pursues a critical research question through multiple fields of knowledge (for instance, focused on how sociology, cult.
Writing Assignment Annotated Bibliography (AB)Due Dates (by .docx
This document provides information about an annotated bibliography assignment for a class. Students are asked to write a 5-entry annotated bibliography on scholarly sources related to one or more course readings, including one entry on Gayle Rubin's "Thinking Sex." They must also write a literature review paragraph framing the bibliography entries around a critical research question. The annotated bibliography entries should introduce and summarize each source, analyze a quote, evaluate the source's credibility, and discuss the source's implications.
Literature ReviewsWhat this handout is aboutThis handout w.docx
Literature Reviews
What this handout is about
This handout will explain what literature reviews are and offer insights into the form and construction of literature reviews in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences.
Introduction
OK. You’ve got to write a literature review. You dust off a novel and a book of poetry, settle down in your chair, and get ready to issue a “thumbs up” or “thumbs down” as you leaf through the pages. “Literature review” done. Right?
Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a topic, not necessarily the great literary texts of the world. “Literature” could be anything from a set of government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to scholarly articles on the treatment of a torn ACL. And a review does not necessarily mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you liked these sources.
What is a literature review, then?
A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period.
A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant.
But how is a literature review different from an academic research paper?
The main focus of an academic research paper is to develop a new argument, and a research paper will contain a literature review as one of its parts. In a research paper, you use the literature as a foundation and as support for a new insight that you contribute. The focus of a literature review, however, is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of others without adding new contributions.
Why do we write literature reviews?
Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have limited time to conduct research, literature reviews can give you an overview or act as a stepping stone. For professionals, they are useful reports that keep them up to date with what is current in the field. For scholars, the depth and breadth of the literature review emphasizes the credibility of the writer in his or her field. Literature reviews also provide a solid background for a research paper’s investigation. Comprehensive knowledge of the literature of the field is essential to most research papers.
Who writes these things, anyway?
Literature reviews are written occasionally in the humanities, but mostly in the sciences and social scienc.
Literature reviews-the-writing-center
The document provides guidance on writing a literature review. It explains that a literature review discusses and synthesizes published sources on a particular topic rather than providing personal opinions. It should have an organizational structure and combine both summary and analysis of sources. The document advises clarifying the assignment with the instructor, finding example literature reviews, narrowing the topic, considering source currency, and developing an organizational structure like chronological, thematic, or methodological. It provides tips for writing like using evidence from sources, keeping your own voice, and revising thoroughly.
Week Three Assignment Worksheet1) Select an aspect of your own c.docx
Week Three Assignment Worksheet
1) Select an aspect of your own culture from the list provided for Part I.
(
Education
)Cultural aspect chosen:
2) Select a source to use for Part I of the paper. You will be using your textbook and the article by Miner for this section as well, but for this assignment, include the source you found on your own.
(
al-
hijra
.org.nz
www.
hijra
.or.ke/
hijras
-interventions/
education
Kenyan Ministry of Education
www.
hijra
.or.ke/
hijras
-interventions/
education
)Reference entry:
3) Select an article from the list for Part II.
(
Murphy, F. (2011). Archives of sorrow: An exploration of Au
stralia's stolen generations and their journey
into the past.
History
and
Anthropology, 22
(4), 481
-
495. Retrieved from
the
EBSCOhost
database
)Reference entry:
4) Summarize each of your sources.
(
"As
stated
on
the
site
the
United Nations High Commissioner
for
Refugees (UNHCR), fellow
members
of
the
Urban Refugee Protection Network (URPN)
and
the
Kenyan Ministry of Education (MOE)
.That
the
HIJRA
works
to
make
sure
that
each
child
has
materials
and
that
they
get
the
attention
and
space
that is required,
to be
able
to
perform
in an
appropriate
learning
environment
.
HIJRA's
presence
in Nairobi is
there
to
provide
space
for
unity
in
community
sensitization
and
education
."
The
Kenyan
education
works
to
savoir
the
protection
,
nutrition
,
sanitation
and
access
to
most
of
the
provision
of
necessary
education
materials
,
and
infrastructure
rehabilitation
.
Education
is
paramount
to
the
Hijra
people
"The Global Partnership
for
Education (GPE) has
approved
a
grant
of USD 88.4 million to
the
Ministry of Education Science
and
Technology
for
the
Kenya Primary Education Development
Project,
"
the
grant
they
will
receive
will
cover
improving
mathematics
competencies,
strengthen
primary
school
management
systems
evidence-based
policy
development
this
grant
will
run
from -2015-2018. ."
Once
out of
school
,
that
can
hinder
their
ability
to
secure
well-paid
or
high-status
employment
. Rickford (1999)
suggests
that
improving
AAVE
students
'
ability
to
communicate
effectively
in SE may
lead
to their
improved
socioeconomic
status
later
in
life
."
)Summary of your sourcefor Part I (include one to two paragraphs):
(
in Archives of Sorrow: An Exploration of Australia's Stolen Generation and their Journey into the Past, "Rona Murphy about the removal of the children from the families and put in Kinchela Aboriginal boy's home. when one in three children were forcibly removed from their families. Children were taken and put into institutions. their rights were taken away from them and children abused very bad. looking back into the archives brought up many sad memories for the children of the stolen generatio.
What is a literature review A literature review is NOT.docx
What is a literature review?
A literature review is NOT a book review; it is a review of the literature. THE literature, in this
case, means all of the research you have collected. Your secondary sources only. The
scholarship.
So, why am I doing this?
Because good researchers—good writers—do it. You may be tempted to just jump directly from
gathering materials to writing an essay (or you may have been tempted to skip the research part
altogether); however, before you can write an essay, you need to identify a purpose for your
writing and develop a plan for using your sources. You need to synthesize; the lit review is that
synthesis. This is also an important step in proving your expertise before I allow you to edit and
annotate a fairy tale.
So, what am I looking for?
Basically, you are looking for patterns of association; you want to look at the body of scholarship
(the literature) you have collected and decide how it all works together. You need to see the
literature as a body of research rather than separate pieces. The scholarship is written by real
scholars who are familiar with one another’s work and sometimes know each other personally; it
is a kind of elaborate conversation. You are listening to that conversation, waiting for a good
opportunity to jump in.
So, I have six pieces of literature to review, right?
Well, you have AT LEAST six pieces. It will actually be easier to write a lit review of more
sources; eight or ten sources would be a good number. This does require more research and more
time for reading, but the payoff is greater expertise and more to discuss in the review.
Okay, so what do I do first?
First, make sure you have gathered the literature. For this assignment, I am only permitting you
to use the CSCC Library databases to gather your sources. Specifically, you will look at the
Academic Search Complete, MLA International Bibliography, and Literary Reference Center
databases; if these don’t turn up 6-10 good sources for you, then you can search other databases
(and I have posted a video showing you how to do this research, so make sure you watch it). You
are NOT permitted to locate web based sources, even via Google scholar. And I am asking you
not to use books, simply to save time.
And then?
Once you have all of the literature, you should read it and understand it. It isn’t absolutely
necessary to pore over each page of each source—this would likely be hundreds of pages of
difficult reading. Use your reading skills—the first two or three pages usually contain the thesis
and main arguments—the last couple of pages will often contain some kind of summary or
conclusion. Look for important headings in between. I strongly suggest highlighting the thesis
(probably more than a single sentence) and the main points (topic sentences) and any interesting
passages you may want to reference later.
But how do I write the lit review?
You should begin by grou.
HUM 200 Pr
HUM 200 Project Part One: Exploration Document Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
We all share common experiences that can be generally classified within the major themes of art. Examples of these themes include love, mortality, identity,
truth, and beauty. The representation of these themes through various media reveals central beliefs shared by a common people. The comparison of objects
from the humanities with similar themes helps to uncover not only the uniqueness of each respective cultural artifact, but also a shared human consciousness
that transcends time and place.
Your project for this course has two parts. In Project Part One, you will complete an exploration document examining two cultural artifacts that you select,
identifying a theme common to both of them and developing a thesis statement related to the theme and artifacts. You will also identify an audience who would
be interested in your artifacts, theme, and thesis statement. In Project Part Two, you will develop a presentation for your audience. In your presentation, you
will discuss the impact of the cultural artifacts, theme, and thesis statement on both individuals and society, supporting your claims with evidence. You will also
explain how study of the humanities has impacted you both personally and professionally.
In Project Part One, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following course outcomes:
Illustrate the impact of the humanities on personal and professional experiences
Select appropriate and relevant resources in the humanities in investigating expressions of human creativity
Communicate effectively to specific audiences in examining fundamental aspects of human culture
Apply essential principles of the humanities in exploring major themes of human culture and creativity
Prompt
Choose two cultural artifacts to analyze. These artifacts may take the form of any artistic medium, such as literature, poetry, music, film, dance, painting, and
sculpture, and so on. Then, identify a common theme and compare your examples to one another as expressions of the same theme in different cultural
artifacts. Chapters 3 through 6 in the Soomo webtext will walk you through this process.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Describe the cultural artifacts that you chose. Consider questions such as these in your response: What is the name or title of the artifact? Who is the
author or artist? What is the date or time period when the artifact was created? What is the cultural location or physical setting of the artifact? In
addition, you could consider including a photograph or image of each cultural artifact, if they are visual artifacts.
II.
Identify at least one common theme that will serve as the framework of your exploration document. How is the theme expressed in your artifacts?
1
III. Explain how the theme you identified is related to your personal experience. ...
Elit 10 class 11
This document outlines the assignment and requirements for a writing paper on LGBTQ texts for an English literature class. It provides the agenda, including a presentation on how to write a response paper. Students must analyze one of the primary texts read in class in a 2-3 page paper. The document lists the primary and secondary texts and provides potential topics and questions for analysis. It also reviews how to write a response paper, including selecting a topic, choosing evidence, refining the thesis, and interpreting sources. Students are instructed to discuss their paper topics in groups and consider themes like love, sexuality, and oppression.
Elit 10 class 11
This document provides an agenda and guidelines for a class assignment on analyzing queer literature. Students will write a 2-3 page paper analyzing themes or aspects of one of the primary texts read in class. They are given options for topics and questions to consider for their analysis. The document also lists the primary texts, potential secondary sources to use, and discusses how to write an effective response paper, including developing a thesis, selecting evidence, and interpreting sources. It concludes with exam dates and a grade distribution chart.
Ulrich-SchlumbohmHistory (ALL CLASSES)CRITIQUE AND REVIEW SHEE.docx
Ulrich-Schlumbohm
History (ALL CLASSES)
CRITIQUE AND REVIEW SHEET:
This is formal writing so remember a few tips:
1. Grammar/Spell Check all work. Rule of 5 is: more than 5 major grammatical or spelling
errors and I am done grading, you fail the assignment. Helpful hint: read finished document
aloud, or have someone read it to you. It will help you spot problems I promise!
2. No 1st person. "I believe that. . ." No use of "I" statements.
3. No questions. Do not write in such a way that you are asking your reader (your professor- ie
ME) questions.
4. All quotations, thoughts, and ideas gathered from another source should be cited. All cites should be either Chicago Style or Turabian Style and have EITHER footnotes or endnotes, AND a bibliography.
5. Writing should be clear, concise, and on topic. It should address the following elements in an
essay style format:
Secondary Source Analysis:
Critiques and Reviews should always address these elements.
Synopsis: Summary of what you have read, making sure you hit the highlights and points that
struck you as important or interesting so that you will remember what you have read. This element should be very brief- do not get carried away.
Facts: What struck you in the argument as particularly useful/not useful? Highlight your topic points- use quotations to prove your point, be very specific so you will not need to return to the author's sources or the text.
Thesis: Ask yourself, what did I just read? What was it about? What was the argument or
position, what did they say? Each chapter of the book will normally have a supporting thesis,
please make sure you address these as well.
Author: How does the author/s identify themselves? How does this identification relate to the
material? Who is this person? Remember there is NO such thing as a neutral author.
Position: What is the position within scholarly literature? What position do they take? Do they seem similar to someone else you have read? Where do they stand on the issues? What identifiers can you find? Can you determine bias?
Critique: Who is the audience? What is the purpose of the work? Did the author accomplish
what s/he set out to do? What is their goal?
Sources: Examine the author's use of sources? When is the study done and does this have any bearing on the topic? Do the sources reflect recent scholarship? Is the author relying on primary sources or secondary sources? What does the type of sources say about the author and the work? You will need to look at the bibliography, footnotes/endnotes, and the introduction and conclusion carefully to answer this.
DOC SUPPORT: Which primary documents provided support/disprove the author’s thesis?
Primary Source Analysis:
A primary source is any document, letter, newspaper article, photo, drawing, object, etc. from a specific historical moment. It is something by and for the people at that time. A first-hand source from that time and place.
This assignment is approximately a 2 page write up. ...
Elit 46 c class 19
This document provides an agenda and notes for an English literature class discussing Virginia Woolf's 1925 novel Mrs. Dalloway. The agenda includes an introduction to the novel's characters, plot, and themes of modernism. Notes cover Woolf's use of stream of consciousness and interior monologue as modernist techniques, as well as perspectives on realism versus modernism in literature. The document aims to familiarize students with Mrs. Dalloway and analyze how it exemplifies modernist styles and themes.
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R Academic Services • .docx
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R
Academic Services • Phone: 962-7710
www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/
How to Write a Literature Review
What This Handout is About…
This handout will explain what a Literature Review is and offer insights into the form and
construction of a Literature Review in the Humanities, Social Sciences, and Sciences.
Introduction
OK. You’ve got to write a literature review. You dust off your world literature
anthology book, settle down in your Ebert and Roper at the Movies theatre chair with
your popcorn and soda in hand, and get ready to issue a “thumbs up” or “thumbs down”
as you leaf through the pages. “Literature Review” done. Right?
Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a
topic, not necessarily the Great Literary Texts of the World. “Literature” could be
anything from a set of government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to
scholarly articles on the treatment of a torn ACL. And a review does not necessarily
mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you
liked these sources.
What is a literature review, then?
A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and
sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period.
A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an
organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap
of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a
reshuffling, of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or
combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the
field, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may
evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant.
But how is a literature review different from an academic research
paper?
While the main focus of an academic research paper is to support your own argument, the
focus of a literature review is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of
others. The academic research paper also covers a range of sources, but it is usually a
select number of sources, because the emphasis is on the argument. Likewise, a literature
review can also have an “argument,” but it is not as important as covering a number of
sources. In short, an academic research paper and a literature review contain some of the
same elements. In fact, many academic research papers will contain a literature review
section. But it is the aspect of the study (the argument or the sources) that is emphasized
that determines what type of document it is.
Why do we write literature reviews?
Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have
limited time to conduct res.
Primary sources are extremely important, not only in history, bu.docx
Primary sources are extremely important, not only in history, but in many other fields. It offers a window into the past, an inside view into a certain time period. It will require you to be more critical and analytical and give you a deeper understanding of what that document meant during that time period. There are times that a source can have a hidden meaning and you will have to read between the lines. Primary sources can come in different forms. They can be photographs, memoirs, paintings, letters, newspaper articles, films, government documents, etc.
I do not want just a summary or an overview of the primary source but also an analysis. For ex., if you read a slave narrative like the
Diary of a Slave Girl
by Harriet Jacobs, you can bring in information that not only supports Jacobs's narrative but also expounds on it. While you are reading and analyzing your source, you will be thinking about the time period and the historical significance of your primary source. Think about the author’s biases and assumptions. You can bring in secondary sources and other information to round out your work.
Paper Requirements
·
The paper should utilize
APA/MLA STYLE,
double spaced, 12 pt font, and Times New Roman or
Arial
font.
·
It must be within the timeframe of HIST 1302
·
Students must turn in a hard copy of their paper and upload it on
SafeAssign (eCampus)
to receive full credit.
·
A minimum of two pages, analyzing and interpreting the historical significance of a primary source in an essay
format; including stating a position, drawing conclusion, using evidence and separating opinions from arguments.
·
The utilization of
academic
sources with proper citations (Wikipedia
does not count as a source).
·
Attach a copy of your primary source to your paper
Things to Think About: (Do not list answers to the questions below. The paper must be written in essay format)
1. When and where was the source created?
2. Who is the author?
3. What is their place in society? (gender, class, ethnicity, etc.)
4. Why did the author create the primary source and who is their intended audience?
5. What is going on in history at the time the primary source was created?
6. Is there a possibility that the intended audience and/or historical event would have shaped the perspective of this primary source?
7. Does the author have an agenda?
8. Are there any biases or beliefs that would have helped to create the message of the author?
9. Is there anything that is not discussed or mentioned?
.
101wk5.pdf
The document provides instructions for a final research paper examining cultural relativism. Students must analyze their own culture from an outsider perspective and another culture from an insider perspective. The paper should demonstrate understanding of cultural practices in their proper contexts rather than making judgements. It must include an introduction with thesis, two body paragraphs analyzing a culture from each perspective using sources, and a conclusion reinforcing the thesis. The paper should be 5-6 pages long following APA style guidelines.
101wk5.docx
The document provides instructions for a final research paper assignment. Students must examine their own culture from an outsider perspective and another culture from an insider perspective. For part 1, students will describe an aspect of their own culture from an etic perspective using scholarly sources. For part 2, students will describe another culture from an emic perspective based on an article. The paper must demonstrate cultural relativism, avoid judgment, and tie the two parts together with an introduction and conclusion.
A Brief Guide To Writing The History Paper
This document provides guidance on writing history papers. It discusses that history papers involve selection and interpretation because historians can only study a small portion of the vast historical record. The document outlines different types of history papers, such as narrative papers organized chronologically and analytical papers organized by topic. It also describes common arguments in review essays, which analyze assigned readings, and research papers, which involve additional research. The document offers strategies for developing an original argument, such as asking interpretive questions, closely reading a few sources, and considering change over time. It emphasizes that sources must be critically analyzed to extract evidence to support an argument.
Annotated bibliographies
This document provides homework instructions for a class that includes answering questions about a potential class project, reading about annotated bibliographies, and bringing printed answers to the next class. It also provides information about what annotated bibliographies are, including that they summarize and evaluate sources, and examples of annotated bibliography entries.
Many 20 Th Century.docx
This document provides instructions for a literary analysis assignment. Students are asked to write a 3-4 page analysis of a short story that incorporates research from outside sources while advancing their own interpretation. The analysis must use one of several approaches, such as a formal, historical, biographical, sociological, philosophical, or psychological analysis. Students are expected to accurately cite at least 3 research sources in MLA format to support their own thesis about the short story. Examples of potential topics are given for each analytical approach.
1 Ideas to consider for the midterm in World History; pe.docx
1
Ideas to consider for the midterm in World History; people, places and events to study.
People; actual, fictional & spiritual:
Khafre, Hammurabi, Sun Tzu, Laozi, Confucius, Mencius, Sita, Siddhartha Gautama, Ashoka,
Herodotus, Alexander, Antigone, Thucydides, Aristotle, Cato the Elder, Julius Caesar, Augustus
Caesar, Juvenal, Hannibal, Amaterasu, Ezana, Sheba.
Places:
Banpo, Thebes, Marathon, Persia, Carthage, Rome, Anatolia, Nile, Yangtze, Yellow, Ganges,
Indus, Crete, Herculaneum, Kumbi Saleh, Axum, Mali, Honshu, Andes, Teotihuacan, Tikal.
Ideas, events:
Paleolithic, Shang, Caste, Four Noble Truths, Hellenism, Etruscans, Minoans, Nara, Indo-
Europeans, Zoroastrianism, Gupta Empire, Delian League, Olmec, Maori, Hieroglyphs,
Cuneiform, Polytheism, Animism, Nomadic, Völkerwanderungen, Bantu.
Map
Map
Can you find: China, India, Egypt, Rome, Greece, Mesopotamia, Persia, Arabia, Anatolia,
Carthage, Britain, Gaul, Korea, Japan, India, and Sahara?
2
3
Short answer questions.
1. Consider the commonality among the various regions as well as the differences from one era
to the next? What makes each unique and where are they similar? Can you draw any
conclusions?
2. Early civilisations, what does it mean? Classical civilisations, what does it mean? How do
they differ? Use examples.
3. Consider the primary source readings we have read regarding the early and classical
civilizations. What do they say about the people of their time as compared to us? Use examples
from the readings.
4. Examine the role of women; where and when do they have it better or worse, use text and
readings to demonstrate? Use examples.
5. Where has family life been illustrated in the readings? How do they compare in terms of
locations and eras of time? Use examples.
6. How do philosophical ideas differ from religious ideas; consider desired outcomes?
7. Why did the early civilisations and some of the classical civilisations ultimately fail?
8. Consider how language plays role in civilisations, both ancient and classical.
Peer Review Journal Paper Overview of assignment due 17 April 2014
I want you to find a peer review article that falls into our time frame: world history from the
emergence of humanity to 1500 CE. I want you to present the thesis [argument] the author is
putting forward. I want you then to find two other sources on the same subject and determine if
those sources agree or disagree with your original source. The theme here is peer review and the
notion of historiography; whether or not how we look at an event or theme of history changes
over time? The choice of topic is up to you but please let me know what you are doing by email
and let me know what your peer review source is so I can be sure it is appropriate for the course.
If you want some help in finding an article; please let me or a librarian know what you might be
interested in. I really need to k ...
Elit 46 c class 8
The document summarizes key details about the poem "Dover Beach" by Matthew Arnold. It notes that Arnold was known for both his poetry and prose. In 1850, he met and married Frances Lucy Wightman, and they spent their honeymoon in Dover, where Arnold likely drew inspiration for "Dover Beach." The document also provides context for a lecture on the aesthetics of poetry, which will include a presentation on Oscar Wilde and an introduction to writing a response to literature.
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1 Ideas to consider for the midterm in World History; pe.docx
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Paragraph structure
How to structure a paragraph to develop a central claim. Make your paragraph cohesive and coherent. Use transition language to link ideas. Use a topic and concluding sentence to frame the paragraph.
Introductions
The document provides guidance on writing effective introductions for academic papers. It recommends that introductions should:
1) Give context about the topic being discussed and sources used; introduce sources and define key terms and concepts.
2) Explain the topic's significance and your own contribution to the discussion.
3) Set up the structure of the paper by outlining the main points in the order they will be addressed.
The introduction should catch the reader up and prepare them to engage with the topic being debated in a way that reflects the overall content and argument of the paper.
Writing Thesis Statements
This presentation outlines the four qualities of a strong thesis statement, with examples of strong and weak thesis statements.
Rhetoric
Rhetoric is the art of persuasion tailored to specific audiences and circumstances. This textbook introduces rhetoric by noting it is often misunderstood but has legitimate uses in academia to persuade audiences to think differently based on evidence while avoiding bias. The goal of academic rhetoric is to seek truth through logic and evidence rather than emotion or moral judgments.
Information Literacy
Introduction to library research for college writing students. Reviews types of sources, and how to use common research tools on a library website. Ends with a collaborate activity where students create an annotated bibliography.
Sentence Level Revision
This document provides guidance on revising writing at the sentence level by eliminating unnecessary words, sharpening vague language, and reducing passive voice. It encourages writers to make every word purposeful by getting rid of filler language and words that do not add meaning. Vague terms that could have multiple interpretations are to be replaced with clear, specific language. Passive voice often obscures meaning and can be weakened by rewriting sentences in the active voice when possible. Examples are provided and analyzed to demonstrate techniques for concise, clear sentence revision.
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Informative writing
- 1. Writing to Inform Strategies and Structures
- 2. Unity/Coherence A short paper can’t possibly give all available information and perspectives on one topic. If you try to cover every fact, your essay will feel scattered. Find a focus and stick with it. What am I trying to teach readers about? How can I break that topic down into sub-topics? Which sub-topics do I want to / have time to focus on? Which sub-topics will my research cover adequately? Which sub-topics would fit well together?
- 3. Generating Sub-Topics Vampires in Slavic Folklore ...and burial practices ...and disease epidemics ...and Christianity ...and foreign invasions
- 4. Choosing Sub-Topics to Focus on ...and burial practices ...and disease epidemics The writer has chosen two sub-topics that are easy to connect (because they both tie vampire lore to death in Slavic cultures). This writer also has enough sources about burial and disease to cover both sub-topics fully. Vampires in Slavic Folklore
- 5. Organization There are several different ways to guide your readers through your literature review and exploration. Each method involves breaking the topic down into parts, and putting those parts in an order that makes sense. ● Kinds/Types ● Times when... ● Main ideas/supporting details ● Pros/cons ● Cause/effect ● Similarities/Differences ● Problem/Solution ● Chronological order ● Observations/examples
- 6. Choosing an Organizational Structure: Two Examples Slavic Vampires and Death (organized by types) A. Vampires created by disease a. Anecdote b. Diseases associated with vampirism c. Source 1 d. Source 2 B. Vampires created by improper burial a. Slavic burial customs b. Reasons for corpse becoming vampire c. Source 3 d. Source 4 Slavic Vampires and Death (organized by chronology) A. Early pagan origins a. Pagan burial superstitions b. Source 1 c. Source 2 B. Vampires after spread of Christianity a. Changes in burial practices b. Source 3 c. Source 4 C. Vampires after 1800s a. Common diseases b. Novels c. Films
- 7. Supporting each Sub-Topic Develop each sub-topic with evidence and examples from your primary and scholarly sources. This will help give substance to your literature review and final exploration. Consider the needs of your audience ● What would they find important and interesting to know? ● What context do they need in order to follow the scholarly conversation? ● What key terms or unknown words will you need to define for them? ● In what order should you arrange the evidence? (background first, more specific info later) ● Include enough text support (one example isn’t enough!) ● Include different types of text support (lists, facts, stories, quotes, etc.)
- 8. Don’t Forget You can also teach readers information through text features: ● Bold words ● Section headings ● Illustrations ● Captions ● Side bars ● Charts, graphs, timelines, etc. But don’t overdo the graphics to pad out your length. Only your text counts toward your final page count.
- 9. Other Sources What is an Exploratory Essay? https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/ resource/728/01/ http://www.westerntc.edu/writingc enter/pdf/handbook/TypesOfWriti ng/InformativeWriting.pdf Organizing an Exploratory Essay: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/ resource/728/02/ Sample Informative Essays: http://www.westerntc.edu/writingc enter/informative.asp Adapted from: Battista J. (2012) A State-of-the-Art New Unit on Information Writing: Tools for Assessing Information Writing Alongside New Unit Plans, Mini-lessons, and Expectations. Jerry Maraia. Teachers College. Retrieved from: http://prezi.com/avhbtd4- mvd2/?utm_campaign=share&utm _medium=copy&rc=ex0share