The document provides background information on immunization registries and summarizes the Houston Harris County Immunization Registry (HHCIR). It discusses the objectives of immunization registries, including consolidating vaccination records, providing accurate immunization histories, and increasing immunization rates. The document outlines the 12 functional standards for registries and notes that in 2004, the Texas registry achieved 91% of the standards and had a 46% child participation rate. It also provides context on Houston as the largest city in Texas and home to the major Texas Medical Center institutions.
Community diagnosis is the process by which health workers and community members identify health problems, needs, and concerns of the community. It involves examining data on the community's demographics, physical environment, education, safety, politics, health services, communication, economics, and recreation. Community diagnosis determines where the community is currently, where it wants to be, and how it will get there. Health indicators like mortality rates, morbidity rates, and nutritional status are used to diagnose the community's health. The process involves collecting data, prioritizing issues, setting goals, and developing plans to improve community health.
A 23-year-old pregnant woman, who is on her third pregnancy with two previous home births and a history of 7 months without menstruation, presents to the casualty department with complaints of breathlessness, palpitations and easy fatigability. On examination, she had severe pallor. This is her first visit to a hospital for antenatal care.
Perspectives On Health Lesson 1 Slide ShowMike Harris
The document discusses three perspectives on health:
1) The biomedical model views health as the absence of disease and focuses on biological/genetic factors.
2) The behavioral model sees health as the product of lifestyle choices like diet, exercise, and smoking and focuses on individual behaviors.
3) The socio-environmental model views health as influenced by social, economic, and environmental conditions and focuses on factors like poverty, unemployment, and pollution.
Each model influences how health issues are defined and addressed. The biomedical approach targets causes like family history and cholesterol, while behavioral focuses on smoking and diet, and socio-environmental targets stress and living conditions.
This document provides an overview of health systems strengthening. It defines key concepts including health systems, health system strengthening, and the four main functions of a health system: stewardship, financing, human and physical resources, and service delivery. It then discusses each function in more detail, including how policies and programs can influence health outcomes through strengthening different parts of the health system. The goal is to help organizations and implementers understand health systems and how their work can benefit from health systems approaches.
This document discusses reproductive health and safe motherhood. It defines reproductive health and outlines its key components, including family planning, antenatal care, obstetric care, postnatal care, post-abortion care, and STD/HIV control. These components form the six pillars of safe motherhood. The document also examines major reproductive health problems like maternal and gynecological morbidities. It discusses Nepal's national reproductive health strategies and approaches to addressing RH problems through an integrated health package delivered at various levels of intervention. Finally, it introduces the concept of safe motherhood and the three delays model of barriers to accessing maternal healthcare.
1. Disease control aims to reduce the incidence, duration, and transmission of diseases as well as their negative physical, psychological, and financial impacts on communities.
2. Disease control involves studying the epidemiological triangle of agent, host, and environmental factors required for a disease to occur. It seeks to control disease by managing the interaction between these factors rather than completely eliminating the disease agent.
3. Disease elimination removes a disease from a large geographical area but not the whole world, while disease eradication removes a disease from all over the world. Smallpox is the only disease that has been eradicated globally so far.
Neonatal Health in Nepal _ Saroj Rimal.pptxsarojrimal7
The document describes about the History, trends and programs to improves the neonatal health of nepal. It will helps to know and understand the current programs and what was done before for the health of neonates and childrens in nepal. Mostly used for Public health, Nursing and Medical students. The document is developed on 2023 so, the policies and programs after 2023 was not encorporated in this document.
Community diagnosis is the process by which health workers and community members identify health problems, needs, and concerns of the community. It involves examining data on the community's demographics, physical environment, education, safety, politics, health services, communication, economics, and recreation. Community diagnosis determines where the community is currently, where it wants to be, and how it will get there. Health indicators like mortality rates, morbidity rates, and nutritional status are used to diagnose the community's health. The process involves collecting data, prioritizing issues, setting goals, and developing plans to improve community health.
A 23-year-old pregnant woman, who is on her third pregnancy with two previous home births and a history of 7 months without menstruation, presents to the casualty department with complaints of breathlessness, palpitations and easy fatigability. On examination, she had severe pallor. This is her first visit to a hospital for antenatal care.
Perspectives On Health Lesson 1 Slide ShowMike Harris
The document discusses three perspectives on health:
1) The biomedical model views health as the absence of disease and focuses on biological/genetic factors.
2) The behavioral model sees health as the product of lifestyle choices like diet, exercise, and smoking and focuses on individual behaviors.
3) The socio-environmental model views health as influenced by social, economic, and environmental conditions and focuses on factors like poverty, unemployment, and pollution.
Each model influences how health issues are defined and addressed. The biomedical approach targets causes like family history and cholesterol, while behavioral focuses on smoking and diet, and socio-environmental targets stress and living conditions.
This document provides an overview of health systems strengthening. It defines key concepts including health systems, health system strengthening, and the four main functions of a health system: stewardship, financing, human and physical resources, and service delivery. It then discusses each function in more detail, including how policies and programs can influence health outcomes through strengthening different parts of the health system. The goal is to help organizations and implementers understand health systems and how their work can benefit from health systems approaches.
This document discusses reproductive health and safe motherhood. It defines reproductive health and outlines its key components, including family planning, antenatal care, obstetric care, postnatal care, post-abortion care, and STD/HIV control. These components form the six pillars of safe motherhood. The document also examines major reproductive health problems like maternal and gynecological morbidities. It discusses Nepal's national reproductive health strategies and approaches to addressing RH problems through an integrated health package delivered at various levels of intervention. Finally, it introduces the concept of safe motherhood and the three delays model of barriers to accessing maternal healthcare.
1. Disease control aims to reduce the incidence, duration, and transmission of diseases as well as their negative physical, psychological, and financial impacts on communities.
2. Disease control involves studying the epidemiological triangle of agent, host, and environmental factors required for a disease to occur. It seeks to control disease by managing the interaction between these factors rather than completely eliminating the disease agent.
3. Disease elimination removes a disease from a large geographical area but not the whole world, while disease eradication removes a disease from all over the world. Smallpox is the only disease that has been eradicated globally so far.
Neonatal Health in Nepal _ Saroj Rimal.pptxsarojrimal7
The document describes about the History, trends and programs to improves the neonatal health of nepal. It will helps to know and understand the current programs and what was done before for the health of neonates and childrens in nepal. Mostly used for Public health, Nursing and Medical students. The document is developed on 2023 so, the policies and programs after 2023 was not encorporated in this document.
This document discusses vital statistics and registration of vital events in India. It defines vital statistics as data relating to human mortality, morbidity, and demography. Vital events include births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and migrations. In India, registration of vital events is governed by acts such as the Births and Deaths Registration Act of 1886. The document outlines the processes for registering different vital events, such as notifying authorities of births and deaths that occur in hospitals. It also discusses uses of vital statistics such as analyzing demographic trends and planning health services.
The natural history of a disease refers to its typical progression in an individual over time without medical intervention. It begins with exposure to disease factors and may end in recovery, disability, or death. Understanding the natural history is important for disease prevention and control. Several models have been developed to describe disease causation, including the epidemiological triad/tetrad of agent, host, environment, and time factors. The natural history is best established through cohort studies but can also be informed by other epidemiological study designs.
Health related national programs and legislations listRizwan S A
This document lists 42 Indian health programs established between 1951-2012 along with their founding years. It also lists 37 key health legislations passed in India between 1870-2005, along with the years they were passed. The programs and legislations cover a wide range of public health issues including family planning, disease control and eradication, immunization, child and mother health, disease surveillance, health system strengthening, and more. The establishment of these programs and passing of these acts show India's efforts over decades to improve population health.
This document defines and outlines the objectives and components of a health information management system (HIMS). A HIMS is a mechanism for collecting, processing, analyzing, and transmitting health-related information needed to organize and operate health services, conduct research, and provide training. The primary objectives of a HIMS are to provide reliable and up-to-date health information to managers at all levels, enable technical information sharing among health personnel, and provide periodic data on health service performance and trends. Key components of a HIMS include demography, health status, health resources, service utilization rates, and health outcomes. Important uses of HIMS data include measuring population health problems, facilitating health planning and management, assessing health service effectiveness and efficiency,
Natural history of disease describes the typical course a disease takes from exposure to outcome without treatment intervention. It includes induction time, incubation period, latency, stages of subclinical and clinical disease, and possible outcomes of recovery, disability, or death. Spectrum of disease refers to the full range of manifestations a disease can take in a population from precursor to severe states depending on interactions between host, agent, and environment factors. Studying natural history and spectrum is important for disease prevention by identifying appropriate intervention stages.
The document discusses the right to health and provides an overview of a presentation on the topic. It defines the right to health as the fundamental right of every human being to access essential healthcare. The presentation analyzes government health policies and programs in India, as well as data on deaths in India. It identifies several practical reasons for inadequate access to healthcare, such as lack of infrastructure, doctors, funds, and management. The presentation recommends increasing health spending, expanding medical staff and facilities, improving monitoring and education to better fulfill people's right to health.
The document discusses the evolution of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (RMNCH+A) programs in India from the 1950s to present. It outlines the key historical programs and approaches, including the shift from a family planning focus to a more integrated reproductive health approach. The current RMNCH+A strategy aims to reduce maternal and child mortality by emphasizing continuum of care across the lifecycle through high impact interventions at various levels of the health system.
Natural History of Disease & Levels of preventionsourav goswami
I have tried to explain the National History of Disease taking the example of a disease condition. Similarly, the different prevention levels are also explained in a similar manner. The presentation also includes few newer concepts of screening like lead time and length time bias.
N.B: Please download to see all the animations.
Health System Management Field Program 4th yearAbiral Wagle
On a two month long field program from 17th Falgun 2077 to 15th Baisakh 2078 , we Group D2 had Placements in different settings- Primary Hospital Class B (Highway Community Hospital), Primary Hospital Class A (Dhading District Hospital), Secondary Hospital (Hetauda Regional Hospital), Rural Municipality (Benighat Rorang) and Municipality (Neelakantha)
The findings from the field program are summarized as:
-Overall municipal profile and municipal health profile of Benighat Rorang Rural Municipality
-Hospital Profile of Highway Community Hospital
-Epidemiological trend analysis of AGE cases in Hetauda Hospital
-Five-year plan on strengthening TB program in Neelakantha Municipality
Historical Glimpse of Public Health
Ancient Greece (500-323 BC)
Roman Empire (23 BC – 476 AD)
Middle Ages (476-1450 AD)
Birth of Modern Medicine (1650-1800 AD)
Great Sanitary Awakening (1800s-1900s)
Modern Public Health (1900 AD & onward)
Urban populations are increasing rapidly and concentrating in cities, which exacerbate health risks like communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, violence, and mental health issues. Cities also concentrate resources that can promote well-being but poverty remains a challenge. Rural areas lack environmental sanitation, control of communicable diseases, health education, and adequate primary health care services and facilities. Improving rural health requires political will, community participation, and increased health budgets to expand services and address absent infrastructure.
The document discusses reproductive health, defining it as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system and its functions. It was introduced at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development and later adopted by the WHO. The document outlines the components of reproductive health, including family planning, safe motherhood, STI prevention, and adolescent health. It discusses indicators used to measure reproductive health outcomes and the guiding principles developed by ICPD to promote empowerment, quality care, and integrated services.
This document discusses the concept of health needs assessment. It defines different types of health needs and explains how they are perceived differently by various groups. Key steps in conducting a health needs assessment are outlined, including planning, data collection from both primary and secondary sources, sampling techniques, data collection modes, disseminating findings, and benefits and challenges. The overall goal of health needs assessment is to efficiently plan health services and identify health inequalities.
This document provides an overview of vital statistics and demography. It defines vital statistics as data dealing with human mortality, morbidity and demography. Key sources of population data are identified as censuses, registration of vital events, sample registration surveys, and institutional records. Details are given on census taking methods, uses of censuses, census in Nepal, information collected in censuses, and measurement of population, mortality, fertility, and other demographic indicators.
Social medicine is the study of how social factors influence health and disease. It examines man as a social being within his total environment. Social medicine uses tools from both medicine and sociology, with the community serving as the laboratory. Some key aspects of social medicine include social anatomy, social physiology, social pathology, social pediatrics, and social therapy. Social therapy focuses on social and political actions to improve living conditions and promote health rather than solely using medical treatments.
Maternal and child health care servicesKailash Nagar
This document discusses maternal and child health care. It begins by introducing the topic and defining maternal and child health services according to the WHO. The objectives of maternal and child health programs are then outlined, including reducing mortality and morbidity for mothers and children. Key health problems, indicators, and recent trends are also summarized. The document goes on to provide details on antenatal, intranatal, and postnatal care services as well as child health services. Causes of maternal and under-five deaths in India are also presented.
This presentation was the work of Ileana Lulic and Ivor Kovic. It was presented by Ivor Kovic as a final student assignment at Summerschool Health Informatics: The Role of Informatics in Health Care, held at University of Amsterdam, Academical Medical Center, Amsterdam.
Patient record management system by custom softCustom Soft
CustomSoft Patient Record Management System provides powerful features to take care of all requirements of any type of hospitals. This System has features to manage all the aspects of a medical record management.
This document discusses vital statistics and registration of vital events in India. It defines vital statistics as data relating to human mortality, morbidity, and demography. Vital events include births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and migrations. In India, registration of vital events is governed by acts such as the Births and Deaths Registration Act of 1886. The document outlines the processes for registering different vital events, such as notifying authorities of births and deaths that occur in hospitals. It also discusses uses of vital statistics such as analyzing demographic trends and planning health services.
The natural history of a disease refers to its typical progression in an individual over time without medical intervention. It begins with exposure to disease factors and may end in recovery, disability, or death. Understanding the natural history is important for disease prevention and control. Several models have been developed to describe disease causation, including the epidemiological triad/tetrad of agent, host, environment, and time factors. The natural history is best established through cohort studies but can also be informed by other epidemiological study designs.
Health related national programs and legislations listRizwan S A
This document lists 42 Indian health programs established between 1951-2012 along with their founding years. It also lists 37 key health legislations passed in India between 1870-2005, along with the years they were passed. The programs and legislations cover a wide range of public health issues including family planning, disease control and eradication, immunization, child and mother health, disease surveillance, health system strengthening, and more. The establishment of these programs and passing of these acts show India's efforts over decades to improve population health.
This document defines and outlines the objectives and components of a health information management system (HIMS). A HIMS is a mechanism for collecting, processing, analyzing, and transmitting health-related information needed to organize and operate health services, conduct research, and provide training. The primary objectives of a HIMS are to provide reliable and up-to-date health information to managers at all levels, enable technical information sharing among health personnel, and provide periodic data on health service performance and trends. Key components of a HIMS include demography, health status, health resources, service utilization rates, and health outcomes. Important uses of HIMS data include measuring population health problems, facilitating health planning and management, assessing health service effectiveness and efficiency,
Natural history of disease describes the typical course a disease takes from exposure to outcome without treatment intervention. It includes induction time, incubation period, latency, stages of subclinical and clinical disease, and possible outcomes of recovery, disability, or death. Spectrum of disease refers to the full range of manifestations a disease can take in a population from precursor to severe states depending on interactions between host, agent, and environment factors. Studying natural history and spectrum is important for disease prevention by identifying appropriate intervention stages.
The document discusses the right to health and provides an overview of a presentation on the topic. It defines the right to health as the fundamental right of every human being to access essential healthcare. The presentation analyzes government health policies and programs in India, as well as data on deaths in India. It identifies several practical reasons for inadequate access to healthcare, such as lack of infrastructure, doctors, funds, and management. The presentation recommends increasing health spending, expanding medical staff and facilities, improving monitoring and education to better fulfill people's right to health.
The document discusses the evolution of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (RMNCH+A) programs in India from the 1950s to present. It outlines the key historical programs and approaches, including the shift from a family planning focus to a more integrated reproductive health approach. The current RMNCH+A strategy aims to reduce maternal and child mortality by emphasizing continuum of care across the lifecycle through high impact interventions at various levels of the health system.
Natural History of Disease & Levels of preventionsourav goswami
I have tried to explain the National History of Disease taking the example of a disease condition. Similarly, the different prevention levels are also explained in a similar manner. The presentation also includes few newer concepts of screening like lead time and length time bias.
N.B: Please download to see all the animations.
Health System Management Field Program 4th yearAbiral Wagle
On a two month long field program from 17th Falgun 2077 to 15th Baisakh 2078 , we Group D2 had Placements in different settings- Primary Hospital Class B (Highway Community Hospital), Primary Hospital Class A (Dhading District Hospital), Secondary Hospital (Hetauda Regional Hospital), Rural Municipality (Benighat Rorang) and Municipality (Neelakantha)
The findings from the field program are summarized as:
-Overall municipal profile and municipal health profile of Benighat Rorang Rural Municipality
-Hospital Profile of Highway Community Hospital
-Epidemiological trend analysis of AGE cases in Hetauda Hospital
-Five-year plan on strengthening TB program in Neelakantha Municipality
Historical Glimpse of Public Health
Ancient Greece (500-323 BC)
Roman Empire (23 BC – 476 AD)
Middle Ages (476-1450 AD)
Birth of Modern Medicine (1650-1800 AD)
Great Sanitary Awakening (1800s-1900s)
Modern Public Health (1900 AD & onward)
Urban populations are increasing rapidly and concentrating in cities, which exacerbate health risks like communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, violence, and mental health issues. Cities also concentrate resources that can promote well-being but poverty remains a challenge. Rural areas lack environmental sanitation, control of communicable diseases, health education, and adequate primary health care services and facilities. Improving rural health requires political will, community participation, and increased health budgets to expand services and address absent infrastructure.
The document discusses reproductive health, defining it as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system and its functions. It was introduced at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development and later adopted by the WHO. The document outlines the components of reproductive health, including family planning, safe motherhood, STI prevention, and adolescent health. It discusses indicators used to measure reproductive health outcomes and the guiding principles developed by ICPD to promote empowerment, quality care, and integrated services.
This document discusses the concept of health needs assessment. It defines different types of health needs and explains how they are perceived differently by various groups. Key steps in conducting a health needs assessment are outlined, including planning, data collection from both primary and secondary sources, sampling techniques, data collection modes, disseminating findings, and benefits and challenges. The overall goal of health needs assessment is to efficiently plan health services and identify health inequalities.
This document provides an overview of vital statistics and demography. It defines vital statistics as data dealing with human mortality, morbidity and demography. Key sources of population data are identified as censuses, registration of vital events, sample registration surveys, and institutional records. Details are given on census taking methods, uses of censuses, census in Nepal, information collected in censuses, and measurement of population, mortality, fertility, and other demographic indicators.
Social medicine is the study of how social factors influence health and disease. It examines man as a social being within his total environment. Social medicine uses tools from both medicine and sociology, with the community serving as the laboratory. Some key aspects of social medicine include social anatomy, social physiology, social pathology, social pediatrics, and social therapy. Social therapy focuses on social and political actions to improve living conditions and promote health rather than solely using medical treatments.
Maternal and child health care servicesKailash Nagar
This document discusses maternal and child health care. It begins by introducing the topic and defining maternal and child health services according to the WHO. The objectives of maternal and child health programs are then outlined, including reducing mortality and morbidity for mothers and children. Key health problems, indicators, and recent trends are also summarized. The document goes on to provide details on antenatal, intranatal, and postnatal care services as well as child health services. Causes of maternal and under-five deaths in India are also presented.
This presentation was the work of Ileana Lulic and Ivor Kovic. It was presented by Ivor Kovic as a final student assignment at Summerschool Health Informatics: The Role of Informatics in Health Care, held at University of Amsterdam, Academical Medical Center, Amsterdam.
Patient record management system by custom softCustom Soft
CustomSoft Patient Record Management System provides powerful features to take care of all requirements of any type of hospitals. This System has features to manage all the aspects of a medical record management.
This document discusses patient record systems, including their definition, principles, value, and importance for individuals, doctors, nurses, and authorities. It describes different types of record systems such as dedicated, paper-based, hybrid, and electronic. Electronic patient record systems are defined as digital collections of health information that can be shared across settings. The advantages include faster access and sharing of information to improve patient care, quality, and safety. Issues around access, data protection, security, and privacy are discussed.
This document summarizes a graduation project submitted by three students - Gaith Amer Rammah, Alaa Mahmoud Al-Zoubi, and Zaid Alighanayem - for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Software Engineering at Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan. The project involves developing a patient record system to make patient medical records easily accessible to medical professionals. The document includes sections on background, literature review, business model, project management, and an abstract and acknowledgment.
This document summarizes a team project on database design and management principles for healthcare data. It discusses healthcare data collection standards, privacy and security risks, data management controls, data ownership, protection controls, retention and destruction requirements, and disaster recovery plans. The database administrator is responsible for preventing risks through access limitation, security policies, monitoring, and disaster planning. Data ownership governs specific data sets and protection controls restrict unauthorized access. Retention requirements include destroying data using irreversible methods and documenting the destruction.
clinic database and software management systemMujahed Ahmed
This document describes a study conducted on developing an automated patient record management system for St. Francis Hospital Nsambya. It outlines the background and problems with the current manual system, including duplication of data, inconsistencies, and difficulty analyzing patient medical histories. The objectives are to computerize patient, staff, and drug supplier records to address issues with the manual system. The study involved analyzing the existing system and user requirements to design a new electronic system using databases, PHP, and MySQL. The system was implemented and tested to automate record keeping and improve management of patient information at the hospital.
5th Annual Early Age Onset Colorectal Cancer Summit - Session II: Family History Ascertainment in the US - What Steps are Needed to Improve the Well Documented Less Than Optimal Status of this Situation?
OSU Medical Center CEO Steven Gabbe, MD delivers a talk on facilitating learning healthcare systems: Focus on approaches to leverage Health IT investments for advancements in research and personalized healthcare and learning from every patient.
This session will focus on the usages of HIT to learn from every patient so that this knowledge can be used to further the practice of medicine. The discussion will address the implications for research, privacy, and HIT to change the paradigm of advancing healthcare discoveries so that it is a continuous process driven through every patient interaction.
Delivering real world evidence to demonstrate product safety and valueKishan Patel, MBA
This document discusses how observational research and patient registries can provide real-world evidence on product safety and effectiveness. It outlines Quintiles' capabilities in this area, including experience conducting 195 patient registries and observational studies involving over 9 million patients. Quintiles claims it can help companies demonstrate products' performance in various populations and support regulatory and coverage decisions through generating real-world evidence.
Presentation by Chad Kimbler and Carla Tressell. Presented at the 2018 Eyes on a Cure: Patient & Caregiver Symposium, hosted by the Melanoma Research Foundation's CURE OM initiative.
Precise Patient Registries: The Foundation for Clinical Research & Population...Health Catalyst
This document discusses the importance and design of precise patient registries. It asserts that without precise definitions and registries of patient types, organizations cannot achieve precise clinical research, comparisons, financial management, or personalized healthcare. The document discusses different types of registries and provides an example of how Northwestern University Medicine developed registries for various diseases and conditions. It emphasizes that precise inclusion and exclusion criteria are needed for clinical registries to be useful.
Dr. Lauri Hicks - One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Human Health ExamplesJohn Blue
One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Human Health Examples - Dr. Dawn Sievert, Associate Director for Antimicrobial Resistance, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, CDC; Dr. Edward J. Septimus, V.P. Research & Infectious Diseases, Hospital Corporation of America; Dr. Lauri Hicks, Director, Office of Antibiotic Stewardship, CDC, from the 2017 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium - Antibiotic Stewardship: Collaborative Strategy for Animal Agriculture and Human Health, October 31 - November 2, 2017, Herndon, Virginia, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2017-niaa-antibiotic-symposium-antibiotic-stewardship
Weitzman ECHO: Connecting Vulnerable Populations with Resource to Support Sel...CHC Connecticut
This document describes the IsoCare program, which provides support to vulnerable populations who need to self-isolate while awaiting COVID-19 test results or who have been exposed. The program was launched in response to gaps where test turnaround times exceeded infectious periods. IsoCare volunteers provide education, resources, and emotional support to over 1,300 clients via telephone to help them safely isolate. Data shows clients need help with isolation compliance, and financial support could improve adherence. The program demonstrates the importance of engaging patients early to stop virus spread and provides a model for other communities.
Friday 3.30 Pm Gary Urquhart National Overview, Registries Phase IiNathan Bunker
This document summarizes the current status of immunization information systems (IIS) in the United States. It finds that as of 2007, 71% of children under 6 years old had their immunization records in an IIS. While most states authorize or mandate IIS reporting, participation levels among providers vary significantly. The document also examines IIS capabilities for tracking adolescent and adult immunizations as well as performance measures like data timeliness and security policies. Overall IIS participation has increased in recent years but opportunities remain to improve coverage and functionality.
The DNP project presentation discusses barriers to influenza vaccination and proposes decreasing out-of-pocket costs to increase rates. It analyzes the vaccination system at ACHN, finding gaps in access due to limited free vaccines. A drive-thru flu clinic is proposed where uninsured individuals get free vaccines and insured pay nothing. The goals are to increase adult vaccination rates at ACHN by 50% by February 2021 and create a toolkit by April 2021 to enable replication and progress toward the Healthy People 2030 goal.
Presentation by John Reites on 08May2015 at the NCHICA Thought Leader Forum on Patient Generated Data in RTP, NC.
The future of health care delivery is connected, continuous, empowered, and personal. Digital capabilities are a foundational element to enable a successful shift to Connected Care and now many organizations are working through how to design, operationalize and sustain a digital care program that provides new and quality access to care to improve outcomes. In addition, organizations must determine how to ingest, analyze, and produce meaningful insight with new forms of data, specifically patient-generated data.
This panel will look at changes in access to care, recent trends in the market place, integration of patient-generated data into healthcare workflows, and the infrastructure (e.g., data lakes) needed to support these powerful new capabilities.
Dr. Lauri Hicks - Out-Patient Antibiotic Resistance (AMR) IssuesJohn Blue
Out-Patient Antibiotic Resistance (AMR) Issues - Dr. Lauri Hicks, Commander, U.S. Public Health Service, Medical Epidemiologist, Respiratory Diseases Branch; Medical Director, Get smart: Know When Antibiotic Work Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from the 2015 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium - Stewardship: From Metrics to Management, November 3-5, 2015, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
More presentations at http://swinecast.com/2015-niaa-symposium-antibiotics-stewardship-from-metrics-to-management
This document outlines the RMNCH+A framework in India, which aims to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health through an integrated approach. It discusses the problem statement, goals and targets, strategic interventions across the lifecycle from adolescence to reproductive years. These include adolescent health services, antenatal care, skilled birth attendance, essential newborn care, immunization, and family planning. The framework also covers health system strengthening, program management, priority actions in vulnerable areas, and partnerships to support RMNCH+A service delivery in India.
In this global pandemic, IBD patients and their healthcare providers from around the world share similar fears and concerns. SECURE-IBD is an international database to monitor and report on COVID-19 in IBD patients. By working across borders, we are learning how factors like age, other conditions, and IBD treatments impact COVID-19 outcomes. This slide deck also shares information about other research efforts that are ongoing to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on IBD patients.
The Foundation would like to thank AbbVie Inc., Genentech, Inc., Gilead Sciences, Inc., Janssen Biotech, Inc., Shire, and Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., sponsors of our COVID-19 materials. Additional support is provided through the Foundation’s annual giving program and individual donors.
How to conduct national family health survey? What are the changes that had happened till NFHS 5.What are the new parameters added in each 5 year survey till 2019-21 survey of NFHS 5
This document discusses developing a health informatics program for a health center. It defines healthcare informatics and clinical informatics. It describes the roles of CMIOs and clinical informaticists in collaborating with healthcare professionals to implement information systems. The document outlines initial steps such as identifying current implementation, evaluation, and optimization phases. It provides an example of a clinical informatics program that tracks data over time to improve quality of care for early childhood caries through culturally appropriate interventions and engagement of patients and staff. Outcomes included reduced cavities and pain as well as decreased wait times for dental procedures through use of an EHR system.
This document discusses the importance of electronic health records and clinical decision support systems for improving healthcare quality and reducing costs and errors. It notes that healthcare information is essential for providing and managing patient care. Clinical decision support systems can help ensure best practices are followed and reduce unnecessary tests and costs. However, the document also finds that healthcare practices still vary greatly between regions and clinicians due to complexity, uncertainty and lack of evidence. More high-quality data and decision support are needed to address these issues and improve consistent high-value care.
Similar to Informatics Assessment of an Immunization registry (20)
Informatics Assessment of an Immunization registry
1. Houston Harris County Immunization
Registry (HHCIR)
Raoul KAMADJEU, MD, MPH
Public Health Informatics Fellow
NIP/GID/GMB
January 13, 2006
Informatics Assessment of a Surveillance System
2. Layout
Objectives
Background on Immunization Registries
Houston Harris County Immunization Registry
Background on the HHCIR
Description of the system
Assessment of the system
Conclusions and recommendations
3. Objectives
Report on the informatics assessment of the Houston Harris County
Immunization Registry.
More specifically, at the end of this presentation, the audience should
be able to:
• Understand and explain the usefulness of an IR
• Apprehend the environmental and technical challenges
associated with the development and operation of an IR based on
HHCIR example
4. Background on
Immunization Registries
• Definition, functions and players in an immunization registry
• Why immunization registries?
• History of immunization registries in the US
• Benefits of immunization registries
• Current status of immunization registries in the US
5. Background on Immunization Registries
• Katrina: Lost of personal medical information including vaccination
history
• 8,300 queries made to the Louisiana Immunization Network for Kids
Statewide (LINKS) by September 2005 regarding vaccination histories
for evacuees.
• 28 500 queries to LINKS through the HHCIR (As of December 2005)
Immunization information recovered, unnecessary revaccination avoided, estimated
saving US$ 1033 000
Katrina, Immunizations and Immunization
Information Systems
6. What is an immunization
registry (IR)?
A confidential, population-based computerized system for
maintaining information regarding children’s vaccinations
Population-based IR contain information about all the children
in a given geographic area.
Immunization Information System (IIS): a registry with
added capabilities (vaccine management, adverse event
reporting, lifespan vaccination history, linkage with electronic
data sources)
Background on immunization registries
7. Healthy People 2010 objective 14-26
Increase to 95% the proportion of children aged <6 years who
participate* in fully operational, population-based immunization
registries.
Participation = Having two or more vaccination recorded in the IR
Background on immunization registries
8. The 12 Minimal Functional Standards for an IR
Background on immunization registries
1. Electronically Store data on all NVAC
approved data elements
7. Exchange immunization record using HL7
standards
2. Establish a registry record within six
weeks of birth for each new born child in
the catchment area
8. Automatically determine the routine
childhood immunization needed, in
compliance with the ACIP
3. Enable access to and retrieval of
immunization information in the registry
at the time of encounter
9. Automatically identify individuals due/late
for immunization(s) to enable the
production of reminder/recall notifications
4. Retrieve and process immunization
information within one month of vaccine
administration
10. Automatically produce immunization
coverage reports by providers, age groups
and geographic areas
5. Protect the confidentiality of health care
information
11. Produce official immunization records
6. Ensure the security of health care
information
12. Promote accuracy and completeness of
registry data
9. Why immunization registries?
Background on immunization registries
Challenges to maintain high immunization coverage in children in the
US need to be addressed
These challenges provided the need for the development and use of
IR
Some figures:
- Four millions infants born every year (11,000/day)
- 18 to 22 vaccinations necessary for full protection against VPD
10. Why immunization registries?
Background on immunization registries
Increased complexity of vaccine schedule
“The complex and ever-changing nature
of childhood immunization schedule
makes it difficult for many clinicians to
keep up, even with the help of chart,
books and training.” Jeffrey P. Koplan,
Director CDC, 1999, NIC
• 23 changes in immunization schedule from 1985 – 2003 (new vaccines, age group,
new formulations)
• New single and combination vaccines are quickly becoming available, increasing
schedule’s complexity !!!
11. Why immunization registries?
Background on immunization registries
Societal changes
• Increase family mobility with frequent change in employers, insurers and
care providers
• 25% children visit two or more providers for immunization before their third
birthday.
• Immunization records scattered among different health care providers,
offices and clinics.
Lack of accurate information about vaccination coverage
• Information gap for parents and providers: both believe that immunization
coverage levels for children are higher than they actually are.
Decrease awareness of VPD and increase concerns about
vaccine risks
• A potential for a comprehensive study of vaccine adverse effects
12. History of IR development in the US
Background on immunization registries
1970
1974
1st
IR
(Delaware)
1980
1991
Registry development in
large scale organizations
All Kid Count
Program (RWJF)
1990
1997
IR included in the
Childhood Immunization
Initiative
Registry goal
included in the Healthy People
2010 goals
50 states have or are
developing IR
2004
1999
Major landmarks in IR development in the US
13. Players in an IR
Background on immunization registries
Source: Freeman – Defriese. The Challenge and Potential of Childhood
immunization Registries. Annu. Rev. Public Health 2003. 24:227-46
14. Benefits of Immunization Registries
Background on immunization registries
IR
PROVIDERS
PARENTS
PLANS
PURCHASERS
COMMUNITIES
PUBLIC HEALTH
OFFICIALS
15. Benefits of Immunization Registries
Background on immunization registries
FOR PARENTS
•Consolidate in one record all immunization the child has received
• Provide accurate information on child’s immunization history
• Help ensure that a child’s immunizations are up to date
• Provide reminders when an immunization is due
• Provide recalls when an immunization has been missed
• Help insure timely immunization when families move or switch providers
• Prevent unnecessary (duplicative) immunizations.
16. Benefits of Immunization Registries
Background on immunization registries
FOR PROVIDERS, PLANS AND PURCHASERS
• Consolidate immunization from all providers into one record.
• Provide a reliable immunization history for any child
• Provide definitive information on immunization due or overdue
• Provide current recommendations and information on new vaccines
• Produce reminders and recalls for immunizations due or overdue
• Complete required school, camp and day care immunization records
• May reduce practice’s paperwork
• Help manage vaccine inventories
• Generate coverage reports for managed care and other organizations
17. Benefits of Immunization Registries
Background on immunization registries
FOR COMMUNITIES
• Help control vaccine-preventable diseases
• Help identify high-risk populations and under-immunized populations
• Help prevent disease outbreaks
• Link (where supported by legislation) with other health databases such as
newborn and lead screening, or other state registries
• Provide information on community and state coverage rates
• Streamline vaccine management
18. Benefits of Immunization Registries
Background on immunization registries
FOR PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICIALS
• Provide information to identify pockets of need, target interventions and
resources, evaluate programs
• Promote reminders and recall of children of children who need
immunizations
• Ensure that providers follow the most up-to-date recommendations for
immunization practice
• Facilitate introduction of new vaccines or changes in the vaccine schedule
• Integrate immunization services with other public health functions
• Help to monitor adverse events
19. Current status of immunization
registries in the US (2004)
Background on immunization registries
Results of the CDC’s 2004 Immunization Information System Annual Report*
48% of US children aged <6 years participated in an IIS
76% of public and 39% of private provider sites submitted
immunization data to an IIS
Of the CDC grantees,
18% have achieved the national health objective (≥95%)
13% were approaching the national health objective (81% - 94%)
Immunization Information System Progress – United States, 2004
MMWR, Vol. 54 / No.45 Nov 2005; 1156-1157
*
20. Background on immunization registries
Percentage of children aged <6 years participating in a grantee immunization
information system – US, five cities, and the District of Columbia, 2004
Participation: Child having two or more vaccinations recorded in an IIS
Grantees include 50 states, five cities and the district of Columbia.
21. Background on immunization registries
Reminder: NIP Classification of immunization registries
for technical assistance
Three groups: based on the 2004 IIS Annual Report and data input from CDC IIS
staff
Group 1: Active project IIS intervention
• Represented 38% of all US children aged <6 years
• Reported no or very low child participation rates
• Primary target group for enhance technical assistance
Group 2: Under active IIS project implementation.
• They have a plan to address their challenges and are making satisfactory progress.
• Represented 25% of US children age <6 years
Group 3: Mature IIS projects or making excellent progress
• Represented 37% of children aged < 6 years
22. Background on immunization registries
Current status of immunization registries in Texas
2004 IIS Annual Report
• Active Registry Project Intervention
• 91% Functional Standards achieved
• 46% child participation
• 68% public provider sites participation
• 56% private provider sites participation
24. Houston
The largest city in Texas
and the fourth in the US.
Know internationally as the
home of the Texas Medical
Center (TMC, 42
institutions including the
HDHHS and the Texas
Children’s Hospital)
25. Houston Harris County IR
A population-based local registry initially built to support immunization
activities in the Houston Harris catchment area
Hosted by the Texas Children’s Hospital
26. HHCIR Milestones and History
1992: The Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) is awarded $100 000 by the
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to develop a local immunization registry
1995: Texas Department of Health (TDH) awards $421 000 to Texas
Children Hospital (TCH) and BCM to work collaboratively with HDHHS and
HCPHS to further the local immunization registry
1995 – 1999: Development of the HHCIR with software developed by BCM
and support and maintenance provided by TCH. HDHSS served as beta test
site during the period.
May 2000: Historical data entry of 310 760 patients records. HDHHS
became the first user of the registry
Sept 2000: HCPHS submits data for inclusion into the registry.
27. HHCIR Milestones and History
April 2002: SCT retained to develop a five-year strategic plan for the
registry
June 2002: Kelsey-Seybold became the first private provider to participate
in the registry
July 2002: over 660 000 patient record and 4 millions immunizations in the
registry
September 2002: SCT delivers Strategic Plan
28. 5 071 053
5 936 868
5 705 449
5000000
5500000
6000000
2003 2004 2005(1st Qtr)
Immunization recorded in Registry
Current Status of HHCIR
678 361
739 647
827 430
600 000
650 000
700 000
750 000
800 000
850 000
2003 2004 2005 (as of
11/30/05)
Number of children (0 – 17 yrs)
As of November 2005, over 75%
of the pediatric population of
Greater Houston had vaccination
recorded in the IR
29. Number of clinics using the Registry
Current Status of HHCIR
273
107
73
0
100
200
300
2003 2004 2005 (as of
9/30/05)
As of September 2005,
approximately 60% of the
providers in the Greater
Houston area that give
pediatric immunizations used
the registry
31. Structure of HHCIR
City of
Houston
Private
Grants
501(c)(3)
TCH
IDS
Houston- Harris
County
Immunization
Registry
City of Houston
Clinics
Private
Providers (large
and small)
School districts
(read-only)
Support Users
Registr
y
TDH
Hospitals
32. Current Support
• City of Houston • Houston Endowment, Inc
• Texas Children Hospital • World Health and Golf Association
• Baylor College of Medicine • Sterling Bank
• SBC • Cameron Foundation
• William Stamps Farish Fund • Blue Cross Blue Shield of Texas
• Hamman Foundation • Wyeth
• Rockwell Foundation
33. Description of the system
A web-based access
An area for the general public,
providing information on the
registry, on immunization and links
to additional immunization
resources
A secured area for authorized users
Minimum requirements for web access
include:
• Any internet connection
• Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher
• Netscape 6.0 or higher
• Minimum monitor resolution at 800
x 600
39. Access to the system
THICK (RICH) CLIENT
All kelsey ClinicsFlat File Import
47 Private ProvidersMisys®
26 Private ProvidersMedisoft®
Texas Children’s Hospital ClinicsLogician®
All City of Houston ClinicsQuick Recovery®
Mobile vans
THIN CLIENT
Private providers
A web-based application:
Internet services must be
available
Advantages of Thin Client
• No specific software need
to be installed
• Improved transaction
processing
• Improved performance
Advantages of the Thick Client
• Interfaces with existing billing and PMS
•Transmits patient and vaccination data from
provider’s billing and PMS.
• Eliminates the need to enter vaccination
information twice
• Provides a mean to eliminate duplicate data
entry
IR
40. Current data elements
Inspired by the CDC Recommended List/NVAC-approved core
data elements:
• Patients • Vaccinations
• Vaccines • Vaccine manufacturers
• Vaccine lots • Providers
• Users • Sites
42. Messaging and data exchange
Data Flow Diagram
HHCIRWeb1
City of Houston
HL7
Communication Platform
EMR PMS
HTTPS
Master Patient Index
Id1
Id2
Id3
IdN
Id4
Various hospital ID numbers
44. Data quality issues
Immunization registry are prone to many causes of duplicate
and incorrect data
• Duplicate data in batch records from providers billing systems
• Duplicate create from batch load
• Data input errors
• Addresses change
• Guardian name change
• Adoption creating name and address change
DuplicationsDe-duplication process
Master Patient Index
Id1
Id2
Id3
IdN
Id4
Various hospital ID numbers
46. Security: Administrative procedures
Under the TCH administrative procedure:
Security certification done through the internal TCH process
Secure data transfer using HTTPS and a 128 bit encryption
Contingency plan
- Application and data critical analysis
- Backup plan and recovery plan
Information access management, with access authorization, establishment
ad modification
47. Security: Physical safeguards
To guard data Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA)
Limited access to the server room
Access monitor 24/7
Sign-in and escort
Guideline on workstation use
Procedure for verifying access authorization
APC and generators
48. Review of the 12 Minimum Functional Standards
in the HHCIR
Minimum functional requirement Actions
undertaken or
achieved
1. Data on NVAC-approved core data elements
2. Registry record within 6 weeks of birth for each newborn
child born in the catchment area
3. Access and retrieval of immunization information at the
time of encounter
4. Receive and process immunization information within one
month of vaccine administration
5. Protect confidentiality of information
6. Ensure security of information
49. Assessment of progress towards compliance to
the 12 Minimum Functional Standards in the
HHCIR
Minimum functional requirement Actions
undertaken
or achieved
7. Exchange immunization record using HL7
8. Automatically determine the routine childhood
immunization (s) needed in compliance with current ACIP
recommendations
9. Automatically identify individuals due/late for
immunization(s) to enable the production of reminders
10. Automatically produce immunization coverage reports
11. Produce official immunization records
12. Promote accuracy and completeness of registry data
50. Link other Registries: Texas Immunization
Registry (ImmTrac)
I mmTrac Data Sources
HHCIR
51. Link other Registries
Link to Louisiana Immunization Network for Kids
Statewide (LINKS)
Immunization information for Louisiana children available through HHCIR (28 500 queries
as of December 2005)
Access
to LINKS
52. Upcoming challenges to HHCIR
Operational
Increase the number of consented records in the registry
Increase the number of providers enrolled in the registry
Secure a MOU with DSHS for data exchange between HHCIR
and ImmTrac
Continue the development of interface between HHCIR and
patient management systems
53. Upcoming challenges to HHCIR
Potential technical improvement
Continue effort to link with other public health systems
• NEDSS
• Pharmacy Inventory Systems
Develop some vaccine inventory functionalities
Develop functionalities to track vaccine adverse events or linkage
with vaccine adverse event applications
Develop some GIS capabilities
54. Acknowledgements
• Steve McLaughlin, Mac Otten (Mentors)
• Janise Richards (Director PHIFP)
• Gary Urqhuart (Branch Chief - IRSB)
• Diana Bartlett (IRSB)
• Williams Gail (IRSB)
• Cohill Dontanette (IRSB)
• Williams Warren (IRSB)
• Moore Maureen (Administrative Supervisor - HDHHS)
• Anna Dragsbaek (IR Coordinator - TCH)
• Khan Andala (Senior Fellow)
• Deepak Sagaram
• Public Health Informatics Fellows
• ORISE
The objective of the presentation is to report on the informatics assessment of the Houston Harris County Immunization Registry. More specifically, by the end of this presentation, the audience should be able to
Define an immunization registry
Understand and explain the usefulness of an immunization registry
Apprehend the environmental challenges associated with the deployment and operation of an immunization registry
Understand the technical safeguard require for the operation of an immunization registry based on the HHCIR example
We will start this presentation by giving you some background on Immunization registries.
In this section of our presentation, we will
Tell you what an immunization registry is and we will review its main functions
We will review the reasons to be of IR
Review the history of IR in the US
And finally give you the benefit and current status of IR in the US.
During the Hurricane Katrina Relief Effort, getting accurate immunization history from evacuees was necessary to avoid unnecessary vaccine administration. Recovering lost immunization information was made possible by using immunization registries.
In September 2005, the CDC Immunization Registry Support Branch estimated that more than 8 000 queries have been made to the Louisiana Immunization Registry Network for Kids Statewide (LINKS)
By December 2005, more than 28 000 queries were performed to the LINKS through the Houston Harris County Immunization Registry interface resulting in an estimated savings of $1,000,000
An Immunization registry is a confidential, population-based computerized system for maintaining information regarding children&apos;s vaccinations.
A population-based registry refers to an IR that contain information about all the children in a given geographic area.
The term Immunization Information System is used to refer to a an immunization registry with added capabilities.
An immunization registry objective was added to the Healthy People 2010 objective. This objective include the increase to 95% the proportion of children aged &lt;6 years who participate in fully operational, population-based immunization registries.
Participation is defined has having two or more vaccination recorded in the immunization registry.
Since 1996, efforts to describe and define the essential components of an IR system for children have resulted in 12 guidelines also known as Immunization Registry Minimal Functional Standards, approved by NIP in 2001.
These functional standards include:
Several challenges to maintain high immunization coverage in children in the US need to be addressed. These challenges provided the need for the development and use of immunization registries.
In the US, approximately four millions children are born every year. Each of these newborn needs to receive 18 to 22 immunizations in order to be fully protected against the targeted VPD.
In addition, new single and combination vaccines are quickly becoming available, increasing the schedule’s complexity.
These challenges include
An increase complexity of vaccine schedule. Jeffrey Koplan, a former CDC director said in one of his address during the 1999 NIC that “The complex and ever-changing nature of childhood immunization schedule makes it difficult for many clinicians to keep up, even with the help of chart, books and training”
This quote specifically addresses the need to develop electronic systems to help immunization stakeholders dealing the increasingly complex nature of vaccine schedule in US children.
In addition, new single and combination vaccines are quickly becoming available, increasing the schedule’s complexity.
The other challenges include:
Changes in the society:
Families are more mobile than ever before.
They frequently change employers, insurers and care providers.
As many as 25% of children visit more that 2 or more providers for immunization before their third birthday.
As a result medical and immunization records are scattered among different health care providers, offices and clinics
There is a lack of accurate information about vaccination coverage among parents and providers; both believe that the immunization coverage levels for children are higher than they actually are.
Parents tend to mistakenly believe that their children where up to date with their immunization and a minority of providers assess patient’s immunization levels in their own practice.
The success of immunization have made VPD so rare with a resulting decreased awareness of VPD in providers and parents. Meanwhile, there has been an increase concern about vaccine side effects. IR provide a good potential for a comprehensive study of vaccine adverse effects.
The history of immunization registries in the Us began in the 70’s with the recognition that computerized information systems could play a critical role in providing the information needed to sustain and improve immunization rates.
The first population based registry went into operation in Delaware in 1974.
Subsequent registry development took place in the 80 in large scale organizations rather than population-based
In 1991, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation launched the All kid Count Program. Sponsoring the initial development of 24 local and state immunization registries.
In 1997, Federal support for IR became available when President Clinton included IR in the Childhood Immunization Initiative of 1997
A registry goal was included in the Healthy People 2010 goals: ”By 2010, 95% of children aged 0-5 will be enrolled in a fully functional population-based immunization registry”.
In 2004, 50 states have or are developing immunization registries.
Players in an IR
This diagram shows the interactive nature of registry construction and use; children, parents, providers community and immunization programs all contribute and extract information from registries. This complex diagram ca be summarized by this one..
Several actors participate in the functioning of a registry. We will review the benefits of IR for each of those actors.
The CDC’s 2004 Immunization Information System (IIS) Annual report of 56 grantees in 50 states, five cities and the District of Columbia that received funding showed that:
48% of US children aged &lt; 6 years participated in an IIS
76% of public and 39% of private provider sites submitted immunization data to an IIS
18% of the grantee have achieved the national health objective
13% were approaching the national health objective
Note about the national health objective:
One of the national health objectives for 2010 is to increase to at least 95% the proportion of children aged &lt;6years who participated in fully operational, population-based immunization registries (objective no. 14-26)
NB: To identify technical assistance needs, immunization programs grantees were stratified into three groups on the basis of the 2004 IIS Annual report and data input from CDC IIS staff.
The first group is identified as active project IIS intervention and is considered a primary target group for enhance technical assistance.
The second group is identified as Under active IIS project implement. They have a plan to address their challenges and are making satisfactory progress.
The third group consist of grantees identified as Mature IIS projects or Making Excellent progress
Based on the 2004 IIS Annual Report, Texas is categorized as an Active registry project Intervention
91% of the functional standards were achieved
46% child participation
68% public providers sites participation and 56% private provider sites participation.
Houston is the largest city in Texas with nearly two millions city residents and 5 millions people in the metropolitan region. The city of Houston is known internationally as the home of the Texas Medical Center, the largest medical center in the world with 42 nonprofit and government institution, including The City of Houston Department of Health and Human Services and the Texas Children’s Hospital.
Houston County Public Health Service serves a population of more than 1.5 millions residents outside of the Houston city limits. Immunization services are available at various health centers and satellite sites throughout the county
The Houston Harris County Immunization registry is a population-based registry initially built to support immunization activities in the Houston Harris catchment area.
The initial planning of the registry was done by the Texas children Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine through a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
A collaborative effort involving Texas Children Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Harris County Public health Service and Houston Department of Health and Human Services through founding from the Texas Department of Health subsequently boosted the development of the registry.
From 1999 to now the HHCIR has gone through several iterations of evolution based on feedback received from users, ongoing changes in public health and technology and federal CDC initiatives and guidelines pertaining to immunization registries systems
This graph shows the number of immunization and children recorded in the registry from 2003 to the first quarter of 2005
As of November 2005, over 75% of the pediatric population of Greater Houston
This graph shows the number of clinics in greater Houston area using the registry from 2003 to 2005.
As of September 2005, approximately 60% of the providers in the Greater Houston area that give pediatric immunization used the registry
This maps shows the distribution of providers before and after 2003 in the greater Houston Area. The recruitment efforts have resulted in a substantial increase in the number of providers participating in the registry.
This diagram describes the collaborative structure in the registry.
The HHCIR is supported by numerous private grants from numerous donors, the Texas Children Hospital, the City of Houston, the Texas Department of Health.
The community of users include the City of Houston Clinics, private providers, hospitals and school districts.
This slide shows the source for support to the registry, both in-kind and financial.
The HHCIR is a web-based registry.
A space for the general public, providing general information on the registry, on immunization and links to additional immunization ressources.
A secured area for authorized users
The minimum requirements for web access to the registry are
Any internet connection
Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher
Netscape 6.0 or higher
A 128 bit encryption
A monitor set at 800 x 600 resolution
Access to the HHCIR is possible through a Thin Client and a thick client
The thin client is a web based application. The client machine simply has to meet the minimum specifications for browser-based internet access and internet services must be available at the provider site. The Thin Client has some major advantages:
No specific software needs to be installed on the user’s machine
Transaction processing is improved resulting in better performance
The registry interfaces with some of the most widely used patient management systems and medical billing systems .
The purpose of the rich client is to transmit patient and vaccination data fro providers systems to the registry. This eliminates the need for the provider to enter the same information into both the provider’s system and the HHCIR
The Central registry Database consists of 19 table with 150 data elements. These data include information about patients, vaccinations, vaccines, vaccine manufacturers, vaccines lots, providers, users, sites.
This layout displays the servers involved in the operation of the registry. The servers are located behind the TCH firewall. Alll data transmission between users and the web server are encrypted using a HTTPS 128 bits
The Web server delivers web pages to users
The RSA server allows user’s authentication through RSA token on time
The database server hosts the Oracle immunization registry database. It provides storage for information about patients, vaccinations, vaccines, providers, users and sites. Also contains stored procedures for batch processing and record matching. The Oracle database provides the Virtual Private database functionality that is key to the consent issues and sharing/not sharing the record.
The application server sits between the web server and the database. Provides the presentation to users in the form of HTML pages. Also encompasses a layer of software that communicate with the database.
The forecasting server is a third party component provided by TDH running on a Microsoft Operating system
The registry is not configure to accept incoming HL7 messages directly from hospital or clinic management because, these are usually not fully secure. To comply with HIPAA security requirement, the registry only supports communication using HTTPS. To provide a secure connection that will allow the electronic exchange of information without requiring a change to hospital and billing systems, STC has developed a HL7 Communication Platform. All immunization data transferred through the registry conform to HL7 2.3 and more specifically to the CDC’s Implementation Guide for Immunization Transactions version 2.1.
A Master Patient Index (MPI) is a software database program that collects a patient&apos;s various hospital identification numbers (blood lab, radiology, admission, etc so on) and keeps them under a single identification number
This slide shows a screen shot of the HL7 Communication Platform. HL7 Communication Platform provides a sophisticated HL7 interface
The communication platform also supports XML ebXML and other types of file formats (CVS, column-delimited, tab-delimited, character-delimited)
Immunization registries are prone to many causes of duplicate and incorrect data. Studies have shown that approximately 20% of registry in-coming records will require de-duplication
Some of the causes of duplicate records entering the registry are
Duplicate data in batch records from providers billing systems
Duplicate create from batch load
Data input errors
Addresses change
Guardian name change
Adoption creating name and address change
The HHCIR has implemented a de-duplication process involving a Master Patient Index to reduce duplication in the central registry database.
A Master Patient Index (MPI) is a software database program that collects a patient&apos;s various hospital identification numbers (blood lab, radiology, admission, etc so on) and keeps them under a single identification number
The BCM has developed a rigorous algorithm that is estimated to maintain data duplication rates at approximately 1%. The batch uploads are checked for duplicates by running de-duplication algorithm to catch matches between the incoming file and records in the master table.
The main registry server is hosted in the server room of the TCH and therefore falls under the TCH security policy which include
Security certification done through the internal TCH process
Data transfer is secure using HTTPS and a 128 bit encryption
Contingency plan implemented routinely to response to systems emergency. The plan include application and data critical analysis, daily and monthly back up, a recovery plan. Back up tapes are stored by a third party off-site.
This slides summarizes the 12 minimum functional requirements for an immunization registry as describe by NIP and assess the existence of actions taken by the HHCIR to comply with them
ImmTrac consolidates immunization records from multiple sources statewide. The link between ImmTrac and HHCIR allowed HHCIR user’s to have access to a statewide immunization data
Immunization information for Louisiana children are available from HHCIR through LINKS
Some of the Upcoming challenges to the HHCIR include
Increasing the number of consented records in the registry. Increasing this number will allow providers to share a greater among of immunization information
Increase the number of providers, both public and private enrolled in the registry; to move towards the registry goal of achieving the highest number of public ad private providers contributing to the registry
Secure a Memorandum of Understanding with the DSHS for data exchange between HHCIR and ImmTrac to allow users to access statewide immunization information
Continue he development of interfaces between HHCIR and patient management systems to reduce the work load associate with the use of the registry, thus improving participation
I’ll like to acknowledge the following people.
Specially the Immunization registry Support Branch, they have been very supportive for this exercise.
People in Texas, particularly Maureen, the Administrative Supervisor of the HDHHS and Anna, the Immunization Registry Coordinator of the Texas Children’s Hospital for their warm welcome to Houston and help to fulfill this assignment