The document discusses the influence of systemic diseases on the periodontium. It begins by discussing various nutritional disorders like deficiencies in vitamins A, D, E, B complex, C, and protein and how they can affect the periodontium. It then discusses endocrine disorders like diabetes and hyperparathyroidism. It also discusses hematologic disorders such as leukemia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Finally, it briefly discusses psychosomatic and immunodeficiency disorders and their effects on oral health.
Impact of periodontal infection on systemic health By Dr Sachin RathodDr Sachin Rathod
The document discusses the relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes. It notes that periodontitis is associated with gram-negative bacteria in subgingival plaque. Diabetes can increase the risk of periodontitis by impairing the immune response and altering collagen metabolism. Persistent infection from periodontal pathogens may increase insulin resistance in diabetes. Treatment of periodontitis in diabetics through nonsurgical and antibiotic methods has been shown to improve glycemic control and periodontal health. Maintaining periodontal health is important for optimal management of diabetes.
This document discusses the influence of systemic conditions on the periodontium. It begins by introducing periodontitis as a chronic bacterial infection and how host responses can vary between individuals. Systemic disorders can impair the host's immune defenses, creating opportunities for more severe periodontal disease. Several specific systemic factors are then examined in more detail, including hormonal changes, diabetes mellitus, and female sex hormones. The effects of these conditions on the periodontium are explored through their impact on factors like subgingival microbiota, polymorphonuclear leukocyte function, collagen metabolism, and wound healing. Treatment considerations for periodontal disease in systemic disease patients are also briefly addressed.
"INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMIC DISEASES (CONDITIONS) ON PERIODONTIUM" -PART-2Perio Files
This document discusses various systemic conditions and disorders that can influence periodontal disease, including:
1. Hematologic disorders like red blood cell disorders (such as sickle cell anemia), platelet disorders, and white blood cell disorders (such as leukemia) which can cause bleeding, infection, and gingival enlargement.
2. Systemic drug therapy that can cause gingival enlargement as a side effect, such as from anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers.
3. Psychosomatic disorders like stress, which may exacerbate periodontal disease through its effects on the immune system and increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators.
013.systemic diseases in the etiology of periodontal diseaseDr.Jaffar Raza BDS
The document discusses various systemic diseases and conditions that can affect the periodontium. It covers topics like nutritional deficiencies (such as scurvy from vitamin C deficiency), hematological disorders like leukemia which can cause gingival enlargement and bleeding, and metabolic conditions such as diabetes that increase periodontal disease risk. The document also discusses effects of medications, toxins, and diseases like HIV/AIDS on the periodontal tissues and considerations for treatment.
"INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMIC FACTORS(CONDITIONS) ON PERIODONTIUM"Dr.Pradnya Wagh
This document discusses the influence of systemic conditions on periodontal health. It focuses on the effects of diabetes mellitus, noting that diabetes can cause increased inflammation, attachment loss, and bone loss in periodontitis patients due to alterations in host defenses, connective tissue metabolism, wound healing, and the formation of advanced glycation end products. The document also briefly discusses the effects of other conditions like endocrine disorders, hematologic diseases, genetic disorders, stress, nutrition, and medications on periodontal health.
This document discusses the influence of systemic diseases on the periodontium. It focuses on the effects of diabetes and hormonal changes. Regarding diabetes, it explains how the disease can impair the host response and increase proinflammatory cytokines, advanced glycation end products, and periodontal bacteria. It also discusses impaired wound healing. For hormonal changes, it describes how puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and hormone therapy can aggravate gingivitis through their effects on tissues, host response, and subgingival microbiota. The document provides details on the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of periodontitis relating to different systemic conditions.
The effect of diabetes mellitus on periodontiumZanyar Kareem
A Literature Review Submitted to the Council of the College of Dentistry at Hawler Medical University in partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the B.D.S. degree in Degree
This document discusses the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. It begins by introducing diabetes and explaining the role of insulin. It then describes the two main types of diabetes and some of their characteristics. The document outlines some common oral manifestations of diabetes, including dental caries, oral lichen, and oral candidiasis. It provides an overview of periodontitis and discusses how diabetes can exacerbate periodontal disease through impaired immune function, altered collagen metabolism, impaired wound healing, and increased advanced glycation end products that damage tissues. The document also explores how diabetes can influence the periodontal microflora and immune response.
Impact of periodontal infection on systemic health By Dr Sachin RathodDr Sachin Rathod
The document discusses the relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes. It notes that periodontitis is associated with gram-negative bacteria in subgingival plaque. Diabetes can increase the risk of periodontitis by impairing the immune response and altering collagen metabolism. Persistent infection from periodontal pathogens may increase insulin resistance in diabetes. Treatment of periodontitis in diabetics through nonsurgical and antibiotic methods has been shown to improve glycemic control and periodontal health. Maintaining periodontal health is important for optimal management of diabetes.
This document discusses the influence of systemic conditions on the periodontium. It begins by introducing periodontitis as a chronic bacterial infection and how host responses can vary between individuals. Systemic disorders can impair the host's immune defenses, creating opportunities for more severe periodontal disease. Several specific systemic factors are then examined in more detail, including hormonal changes, diabetes mellitus, and female sex hormones. The effects of these conditions on the periodontium are explored through their impact on factors like subgingival microbiota, polymorphonuclear leukocyte function, collagen metabolism, and wound healing. Treatment considerations for periodontal disease in systemic disease patients are also briefly addressed.
"INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMIC DISEASES (CONDITIONS) ON PERIODONTIUM" -PART-2Perio Files
This document discusses various systemic conditions and disorders that can influence periodontal disease, including:
1. Hematologic disorders like red blood cell disorders (such as sickle cell anemia), platelet disorders, and white blood cell disorders (such as leukemia) which can cause bleeding, infection, and gingival enlargement.
2. Systemic drug therapy that can cause gingival enlargement as a side effect, such as from anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers.
3. Psychosomatic disorders like stress, which may exacerbate periodontal disease through its effects on the immune system and increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators.
013.systemic diseases in the etiology of periodontal diseaseDr.Jaffar Raza BDS
The document discusses various systemic diseases and conditions that can affect the periodontium. It covers topics like nutritional deficiencies (such as scurvy from vitamin C deficiency), hematological disorders like leukemia which can cause gingival enlargement and bleeding, and metabolic conditions such as diabetes that increase periodontal disease risk. The document also discusses effects of medications, toxins, and diseases like HIV/AIDS on the periodontal tissues and considerations for treatment.
"INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMIC FACTORS(CONDITIONS) ON PERIODONTIUM"Dr.Pradnya Wagh
This document discusses the influence of systemic conditions on periodontal health. It focuses on the effects of diabetes mellitus, noting that diabetes can cause increased inflammation, attachment loss, and bone loss in periodontitis patients due to alterations in host defenses, connective tissue metabolism, wound healing, and the formation of advanced glycation end products. The document also briefly discusses the effects of other conditions like endocrine disorders, hematologic diseases, genetic disorders, stress, nutrition, and medications on periodontal health.
This document discusses the influence of systemic diseases on the periodontium. It focuses on the effects of diabetes and hormonal changes. Regarding diabetes, it explains how the disease can impair the host response and increase proinflammatory cytokines, advanced glycation end products, and periodontal bacteria. It also discusses impaired wound healing. For hormonal changes, it describes how puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and hormone therapy can aggravate gingivitis through their effects on tissues, host response, and subgingival microbiota. The document provides details on the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of periodontitis relating to different systemic conditions.
The effect of diabetes mellitus on periodontiumZanyar Kareem
A Literature Review Submitted to the Council of the College of Dentistry at Hawler Medical University in partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the B.D.S. degree in Degree
This document discusses the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. It begins by introducing diabetes and explaining the role of insulin. It then describes the two main types of diabetes and some of their characteristics. The document outlines some common oral manifestations of diabetes, including dental caries, oral lichen, and oral candidiasis. It provides an overview of periodontitis and discusses how diabetes can exacerbate periodontal disease through impaired immune function, altered collagen metabolism, impaired wound healing, and increased advanced glycation end products that damage tissues. The document also explores how diabetes can influence the periodontal microflora and immune response.
Diabetes and periodontal disease ,at two way relationshipLobna El Khatib
The document discusses the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. It begins by providing overviews of diabetes and periodontal disease. It then explains how diabetes can increase the risk and severity of periodontal disease by altering oral microorganisms, the host immune response, blood vessels, and wound healing. Conversely, periodontal disease can negatively impact blood sugar control in diabetes by increasing systemic inflammation. Maintaining good oral hygiene and treating periodontal disease may help manage diabetes and reduce complications.
السلام عليكم.. في هذه المحاضرة تتم مناقشة العلاقة مابين امراض اللثة و تأثيرها على كل من مرض السكري و الحمل و امراض القلب
in this lecture , we discuss the relationship between the periodontal diseases and (DM, pregnancy and heart disease)
HI,
HERE YOU WILL FIND ALL TYPES OF PPTS OF PERIODONTICS FOR BDS AND MDS
PLS SUBSCRIBE TO MY YOUTUBE CHANNEL FOR MORE UPDATES
https://youtu.be/5zN5MZ-YGP8
Thanks for watching bye!!!
3.b)diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease iipunitnaidu07
This document provides an overview of diabetes and its relationship to periodontal disease. It begins by outlining various classifications and clinical presentations of diabetes, as well as its complications. It then discusses the oral manifestations that can be seen in diabetics, including infections, burning mouth, and increased dental caries. The document explains that diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease, increasing its severity and incidence. It explores various mechanisms by which diabetes may influence periodontitis, such as changes to subgingival flora and microvasculature, as well as defects in host immune response. The relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is proposed to be bidirectional, with each condition exacerbating the other through chronic inflammation. Prevention, medical management
INFLUENCE OFSYSTEMIC CONDITIONS ON PERIODONTIUM- DIABETES AND STRESSArthiie Thangavelu
This document discusses the influence of systemic conditions like diabetes mellitus and stress on the periodontium. It provides details on the two main types of diabetes, their oral and periodontal manifestations. High blood glucose levels in diabetes can impair wound healing and immune response in the periodontium. Chronic stress may indirectly increase periodontal disease risk through behaviors like poor oral hygiene or directly via immunosuppression and increased tissue destruction. Managing medical conditions, identifying stress sources, and treating stress and harmful habits are important for periodontal health.
Influence of systemic disorders on periodontal diseases is well established. However, of growing interest is the effect of periodontal diseases on numerous systemic diseases or conditions like cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, pre-term low birth weight babies, preeclampsia, respiratory infections and others including osteoporosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, erectile dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal disease, prostatitis, renal diseases, which has also been scientifically validated. This side of the oral-systemic link has been termed Periodontal Medicine and is potentially of great public health significance, as periodontal disease is largely preventable and in many instances readily treatable, hence, providing many new opportunities for preventing and improving prognosis of several systemic pathologic conditions. in this power point Dr Harshavardhan Patwal , highlights the importance of prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases as an essential part of preventive medicine to circumvent its deleterious effects on general health.
This document discusses the correlation between diabetes and periodontal disease. It finds that people with diabetes are more likely to have periodontal disease than those without diabetes, because diabetes makes people more susceptible to infections. The document outlines who is most at risk of diabetes, describes what diabetes is and current statistics, and explains how diabetes can affect the body and oral health. It also discusses periodontal disease, the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease, and preventative measures.
This document summarizes various risk factors associated with periodontal disease. It discusses both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, stress, drugs, systemic diseases, nutrition, genetics, socioeconomic status, and gender. Specific conditions like type 1 and type 2 diabetes are explained in more detail. The relationship between periodontal disease and various systemic conditions is also covered briefly.
Systemic diseases, or conditions themselves do not cause periodontitis but alter host tissues to increase the progression of periodontal disease. Systemic diseases and conditions can influence the course of periodontitis or affect the periodontal supporting tissues independent of the presence of dental plaque. Most commonly affecting diseases are diabetes, neoplasms.
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of blood cells. It is considered a risk factor for periodontitis. There are two main classifications - acute and chronic, and myeloid and lymphoid. Acute leukemias are aggressive and fatal if untreated, while chronic leukemias have a more indolent course. Oral manifestations of leukemia can include gingival swelling, bleeding, ulcers, and hemorrhage. Dental treatment requires monitoring the patient's condition and blood counts to prevent excessive bleeding.
Impact of periodontal infection on systemic health part2yeahlifehai
Periodontitis and osteoporosis are both bone resorption diseases that share several risk factors like age, genetics, smoking, and nutritional deficiencies. Osteoporosis causes systemic bone loss while periodontitis causes local inflammatory bone loss around teeth. The association between them is that osteoporosis can weaken alveolar bone resistance to periodontal infection, leading to increased tooth loss and bone resorption. Periodontitis is also associated with increased risks of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, stress, and depression through stimulating systemic inflammation. Maintaining good oral health through treating periodontal disease can benefit overall health.
The document discusses oral inflammation and periodontal disease, noting that inflammation is a protective response but can lead to tissue damage if bacteria are not removed, and that periodontal disease is caused by bacteria and worsens as the inflammatory response damages tissues. It also explores the potential relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases like cardiovascular disease through the transmission of oral bacteria and an increased inflammatory response.
3.a)diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease i punitnaidu07
This document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases. It begins with classifications of diabetes, including type 1 caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells, and type 2 related to insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Complications of diabetes are discussed, involving pathways like advanced glycation end products, protein kinase C activation, and the polyol pathway. Oral manifestations of diabetes include increased periodontal disease risk. Proper dental management can help diabetic patients reduce risks.
This document discusses the relationship between periodontal disease and various systemic conditions. It begins by providing historical context on how the link between oral and systemic health has been understood over time. Key points discussed include: the era of focal infection theory in the 18th-19th centuries; associations found between periodontitis and coronary heart disease/atherosclerosis, diabetes, pregnancy outcomes, COPD, and acute respiratory infections; and how periodontal medicine knowledge can be applied in clinical practice through interprofessional collaboration and patient education.
Association between periodontal pathogens & systemic diseasesKyaw Htoo Lwin
This document discusses the association between periodontal pathogens and various systemic diseases. It begins with an introduction on the prevalence of periodontal disease and its potential links to non-oral systemic diseases. It then examines several specific diseases and conditions in more detail, including cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory infections, various cancers, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. For each condition, it explores the potential pathways and mechanisms through which oral bacteria and the inflammatory response to periodontal disease may influence or contribute to the development and progression of the systemic condition.
The relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases have been a debatable topic since over a century, yet the debate is still ongoing. Various epidemiological and interventional studies have been carried out to prove its biologic plausibility. This ppt compiles the main systemic diseases that have consistently shown to have an impact because of periodontal infection.
Relation between oral infection and systemic infectionShady Negm
This document discusses the relationship between oral infections and systemic diseases. It summarizes three pathways linking oral infections to secondary systemic effects: metastatic spread of infection, effects of circulating oral toxins, and immunological injury from oral microorganisms. Specific diseases discussed include cardiovascular disease, bacterial pneumonia, low birth weight, and diabetes mellitus. Periodontal disease is shown to predispose individuals to cardiovascular disease and coexist with severe diabetes.
This document summarizes several studies that demonstrate the relationship between oral health and overall health. Multiple studies found that tooth loss is associated with atherosclerotic plaque buildup in arteries. Periodontal treatment was shown to improve outcomes for patients with diabetes such as blood sugar control and inflammation. Higher levels of C-reactive protein, a marker for cardiovascular disease, were found in people with periodontal infections or periodontitis. Reducing oral biofilm through practices like brushing, flossing and using xylitol was shown to reduce inflammatory markers and potentially help conditions like COPD. The document advocates for reducing oral biofilm and increasing access to dental hygienists to improve overall health and save on medical costs.
Your oral health: How periodontal inflammation is connected to diseaseThe Practice SF
The document discusses how periodontal disease is now understood as a chronic inflammatory disease rather than solely a bacterial infection. It highlights how inflammation is a common link between periodontal disease and other chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Treating the inflammation of periodontal disease through practices like professional cleanings and reducing risk factors may help control systemic inflammation and chronic diseases associated with it.
Influence of hematological disorder on periodontiumDr Saif khan
This document discusses the influence of various hematological disorders on the periodontium. It describes how blood cells play an essential role in maintaining a healthy periodontium. Comparable oral changes can occur in more than one form of blood dyscrasia. Hemorrhagic tendencies arise when normal hemostatic mechanisms are disturbed. Specific hematological disorders discussed in detail include leukemia, anemia, sickle cell anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocyte/neutrophil disorders which can all influence the periodontal tissues.
This document summarizes various blood disorders and their oral manifestations. It discusses disorders of red blood cells like iron-deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, pernicious anemia, and sickle cell anemia. It also covers disorders of white blood cells such as leukemia and leukopenia. For each condition, it describes the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, and potential oral signs including gingival bleeding, ulcers, and infections. In general, these blood disorders can cause oral pallor, infections, and changes in taste or tooth development.
Diabetes and periodontal disease ,at two way relationshipLobna El Khatib
The document discusses the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. It begins by providing overviews of diabetes and periodontal disease. It then explains how diabetes can increase the risk and severity of periodontal disease by altering oral microorganisms, the host immune response, blood vessels, and wound healing. Conversely, periodontal disease can negatively impact blood sugar control in diabetes by increasing systemic inflammation. Maintaining good oral hygiene and treating periodontal disease may help manage diabetes and reduce complications.
السلام عليكم.. في هذه المحاضرة تتم مناقشة العلاقة مابين امراض اللثة و تأثيرها على كل من مرض السكري و الحمل و امراض القلب
in this lecture , we discuss the relationship between the periodontal diseases and (DM, pregnancy and heart disease)
HI,
HERE YOU WILL FIND ALL TYPES OF PPTS OF PERIODONTICS FOR BDS AND MDS
PLS SUBSCRIBE TO MY YOUTUBE CHANNEL FOR MORE UPDATES
https://youtu.be/5zN5MZ-YGP8
Thanks for watching bye!!!
3.b)diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease iipunitnaidu07
This document provides an overview of diabetes and its relationship to periodontal disease. It begins by outlining various classifications and clinical presentations of diabetes, as well as its complications. It then discusses the oral manifestations that can be seen in diabetics, including infections, burning mouth, and increased dental caries. The document explains that diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease, increasing its severity and incidence. It explores various mechanisms by which diabetes may influence periodontitis, such as changes to subgingival flora and microvasculature, as well as defects in host immune response. The relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is proposed to be bidirectional, with each condition exacerbating the other through chronic inflammation. Prevention, medical management
INFLUENCE OFSYSTEMIC CONDITIONS ON PERIODONTIUM- DIABETES AND STRESSArthiie Thangavelu
This document discusses the influence of systemic conditions like diabetes mellitus and stress on the periodontium. It provides details on the two main types of diabetes, their oral and periodontal manifestations. High blood glucose levels in diabetes can impair wound healing and immune response in the periodontium. Chronic stress may indirectly increase periodontal disease risk through behaviors like poor oral hygiene or directly via immunosuppression and increased tissue destruction. Managing medical conditions, identifying stress sources, and treating stress and harmful habits are important for periodontal health.
Influence of systemic disorders on periodontal diseases is well established. However, of growing interest is the effect of periodontal diseases on numerous systemic diseases or conditions like cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, pre-term low birth weight babies, preeclampsia, respiratory infections and others including osteoporosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, erectile dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal disease, prostatitis, renal diseases, which has also been scientifically validated. This side of the oral-systemic link has been termed Periodontal Medicine and is potentially of great public health significance, as periodontal disease is largely preventable and in many instances readily treatable, hence, providing many new opportunities for preventing and improving prognosis of several systemic pathologic conditions. in this power point Dr Harshavardhan Patwal , highlights the importance of prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases as an essential part of preventive medicine to circumvent its deleterious effects on general health.
This document discusses the correlation between diabetes and periodontal disease. It finds that people with diabetes are more likely to have periodontal disease than those without diabetes, because diabetes makes people more susceptible to infections. The document outlines who is most at risk of diabetes, describes what diabetes is and current statistics, and explains how diabetes can affect the body and oral health. It also discusses periodontal disease, the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease, and preventative measures.
This document summarizes various risk factors associated with periodontal disease. It discusses both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, stress, drugs, systemic diseases, nutrition, genetics, socioeconomic status, and gender. Specific conditions like type 1 and type 2 diabetes are explained in more detail. The relationship between periodontal disease and various systemic conditions is also covered briefly.
Systemic diseases, or conditions themselves do not cause periodontitis but alter host tissues to increase the progression of periodontal disease. Systemic diseases and conditions can influence the course of periodontitis or affect the periodontal supporting tissues independent of the presence of dental plaque. Most commonly affecting diseases are diabetes, neoplasms.
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of blood cells. It is considered a risk factor for periodontitis. There are two main classifications - acute and chronic, and myeloid and lymphoid. Acute leukemias are aggressive and fatal if untreated, while chronic leukemias have a more indolent course. Oral manifestations of leukemia can include gingival swelling, bleeding, ulcers, and hemorrhage. Dental treatment requires monitoring the patient's condition and blood counts to prevent excessive bleeding.
Impact of periodontal infection on systemic health part2yeahlifehai
Periodontitis and osteoporosis are both bone resorption diseases that share several risk factors like age, genetics, smoking, and nutritional deficiencies. Osteoporosis causes systemic bone loss while periodontitis causes local inflammatory bone loss around teeth. The association between them is that osteoporosis can weaken alveolar bone resistance to periodontal infection, leading to increased tooth loss and bone resorption. Periodontitis is also associated with increased risks of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, stress, and depression through stimulating systemic inflammation. Maintaining good oral health through treating periodontal disease can benefit overall health.
The document discusses oral inflammation and periodontal disease, noting that inflammation is a protective response but can lead to tissue damage if bacteria are not removed, and that periodontal disease is caused by bacteria and worsens as the inflammatory response damages tissues. It also explores the potential relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases like cardiovascular disease through the transmission of oral bacteria and an increased inflammatory response.
3.a)diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease i punitnaidu07
This document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases. It begins with classifications of diabetes, including type 1 caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells, and type 2 related to insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Complications of diabetes are discussed, involving pathways like advanced glycation end products, protein kinase C activation, and the polyol pathway. Oral manifestations of diabetes include increased periodontal disease risk. Proper dental management can help diabetic patients reduce risks.
This document discusses the relationship between periodontal disease and various systemic conditions. It begins by providing historical context on how the link between oral and systemic health has been understood over time. Key points discussed include: the era of focal infection theory in the 18th-19th centuries; associations found between periodontitis and coronary heart disease/atherosclerosis, diabetes, pregnancy outcomes, COPD, and acute respiratory infections; and how periodontal medicine knowledge can be applied in clinical practice through interprofessional collaboration and patient education.
Association between periodontal pathogens & systemic diseasesKyaw Htoo Lwin
This document discusses the association between periodontal pathogens and various systemic diseases. It begins with an introduction on the prevalence of periodontal disease and its potential links to non-oral systemic diseases. It then examines several specific diseases and conditions in more detail, including cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory infections, various cancers, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. For each condition, it explores the potential pathways and mechanisms through which oral bacteria and the inflammatory response to periodontal disease may influence or contribute to the development and progression of the systemic condition.
The relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases have been a debatable topic since over a century, yet the debate is still ongoing. Various epidemiological and interventional studies have been carried out to prove its biologic plausibility. This ppt compiles the main systemic diseases that have consistently shown to have an impact because of periodontal infection.
Relation between oral infection and systemic infectionShady Negm
This document discusses the relationship between oral infections and systemic diseases. It summarizes three pathways linking oral infections to secondary systemic effects: metastatic spread of infection, effects of circulating oral toxins, and immunological injury from oral microorganisms. Specific diseases discussed include cardiovascular disease, bacterial pneumonia, low birth weight, and diabetes mellitus. Periodontal disease is shown to predispose individuals to cardiovascular disease and coexist with severe diabetes.
This document summarizes several studies that demonstrate the relationship between oral health and overall health. Multiple studies found that tooth loss is associated with atherosclerotic plaque buildup in arteries. Periodontal treatment was shown to improve outcomes for patients with diabetes such as blood sugar control and inflammation. Higher levels of C-reactive protein, a marker for cardiovascular disease, were found in people with periodontal infections or periodontitis. Reducing oral biofilm through practices like brushing, flossing and using xylitol was shown to reduce inflammatory markers and potentially help conditions like COPD. The document advocates for reducing oral biofilm and increasing access to dental hygienists to improve overall health and save on medical costs.
Your oral health: How periodontal inflammation is connected to diseaseThe Practice SF
The document discusses how periodontal disease is now understood as a chronic inflammatory disease rather than solely a bacterial infection. It highlights how inflammation is a common link between periodontal disease and other chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Treating the inflammation of periodontal disease through practices like professional cleanings and reducing risk factors may help control systemic inflammation and chronic diseases associated with it.
Influence of hematological disorder on periodontiumDr Saif khan
This document discusses the influence of various hematological disorders on the periodontium. It describes how blood cells play an essential role in maintaining a healthy periodontium. Comparable oral changes can occur in more than one form of blood dyscrasia. Hemorrhagic tendencies arise when normal hemostatic mechanisms are disturbed. Specific hematological disorders discussed in detail include leukemia, anemia, sickle cell anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocyte/neutrophil disorders which can all influence the periodontal tissues.
This document summarizes various blood disorders and their oral manifestations. It discusses disorders of red blood cells like iron-deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, pernicious anemia, and sickle cell anemia. It also covers disorders of white blood cells such as leukemia and leukopenia. For each condition, it describes the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, and potential oral signs including gingival bleeding, ulcers, and infections. In general, these blood disorders can cause oral pallor, infections, and changes in taste or tooth development.
This document outlines the relationship between stress and periodontal disease. It begins with definitions of stress and discusses the pathophysiology, including effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune system. Animal and human studies show that stress can increase cortisol levels and promote a Th2 response, impairing wound healing. Stress management protocols should be incorporated into periodontal treatment to reduce distress.
This document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus and its relationship to periodontal disease. It begins with definitions of diabetes and classifications of the different types. It then discusses the history, epidemiology, diagnosis, complications, and relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. Specifically, it notes that diabetes is a risk factor for more severe periodontal disease and periodontal disease can worsen glycemic control in diabetes patients. The two-way relationship between periodontal infections and diabetes is explored.
Smoking has significant negative effects on periodontal health and outcomes of periodontal therapy. According to the document, smoking is a major risk factor for periodontitis, with smokers being 2-4 times more likely to develop periodontitis than non-smokers. Smoking reduces blood flow and oxygen to the gingiva, inhibits immune response, increases periodontal pathogens, and reduces fibroblast function, all of which promote periodontal disease and make treatment more challenging. The document examines in detail the epidemiological evidence linking smoking to periodontal disease as well as the mechanisms by which smoking damages periodontal tissues.
This document outlines the basic technique for simple tooth extraction. It describes the proper positioning of the patient and surgeon, use of instruments like desmotomes and extraction forceps to separate the tooth from soft tissues and bone, and the mechanical principles involved like expansion of the bony socket and use of levers. Key steps include using desmotomes to sever soft tissue attachments, selecting the appropriate extraction forceps based on tooth type, applying steady outward and rotational forces to luxate the tooth from its socket, and removing the tooth with a final outward and occlusal movement. Proper technique helps control forces and avoid trauma during extraction.
Essential Qualities Of An Influential LeaderDe Hicks
Effective leaders have the ability to compellingly describe the future to influence behavior change. They are resilient and able to overcome challenges through curiosity, focus on outcomes, and self-improvement. Leaders should leverage opportunities to accomplish goals by acting on challenges that make other tasks easier if successful.
dental consideration for inflammatory bowel diseaseJigyasha Timsina
This document discusses dental considerations for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Key points include:
- These conditions can cause oral manifestations like ulcers, glossitis, and pyostomatitis vegetans.
- Medications used to treat the bowel conditions can also cause oral side effects.
- Dental treatment requires modifying procedures to minimize stress and supplementing steroids to prevent adrenal issues. Frequent preventive care is important due to risk of infection and delayed healing.
Neutropenia, pronounced noo-troh-PEE-nee-uh, is a decrease in the number of white blood cells. These cells are the body’s main defense against infection. Neutropenia is common after receiving chemotherapy and increases your risk for infections.
Hypophosphatasia is a rare, inherited disorder caused by deficient alkaline phosphatase activity. It presents with symptoms resembling rickets but is distinguished by abnormally low alkaline phosphatase levels. The document describes four cases showing signs of hypophosphatasia, including premature tooth loss, bone deformities, and low alkaline phosphatase. Testing found elevated levels of metabolites that accumulate due to low alkaline phosphatase, confirming a diagnosis of hypophosphatasia. The condition ranges in severity from lethal neonatal to milder childhood forms.
THE POWER OF INFLUENCE: LEADERSHIP STRATEGIES FOR THE EXTRAORDINARY LEADERTom Hood, CPA,CITP,CGMA
This document provides a summary of a leadership conference presentation on strategies for extraordinary leaders. The presentation was given by Tom Hood, CEO of the Maryland Association of CPAs Business Learning Institute, at the 2010 IGAF Worldwide Women's Leadership Conference on CPA Island in Second Life. The presentation focused on the five qualities of extraordinary leaders: sight, insight, create, communicate, and inspire. It also provided a toolkit and practice exercises for developing these leadership qualities using the Insight to Action strategic thinking system.
Papillon–Lefevre Syndrome: A Case Report with Review of LiteratureAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract :papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS) Is A Very Rare Autosomal Recessive Disorder Characterized By Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis And Severe Early Onset Of Destructive Periodontitis Leading To Premature Loss Of Both Primary And Permanent Dentitions. Here We Are Presenting Case Report Of Siblings Who Presented With Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis And Aggressive Periodontitis.
Keywords: Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome, Periodontitis, Palmoplantar, Hyperkeratosis, Cathepsin C
This document presents information about Paget's disease of bone from a student presentation. It defines Paget's disease, discusses its signs and symptoms, causes including genetic and viral factors, pathophysiology involving abnormal bone turnover, risks such as age and family history, potential complications, diagnosis through tests such as x-rays and bone scans, and treatment including pharmacological therapies like bisphosphonates, non-pharmacological management, and possible surgical interventions. Epidemiology data is also provided stating prevalence is decreasing.
The document summarizes the effects of various endocrine hormones on the periodontium. It discusses how hormones from the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, parathyroid glands, and gonads can influence periodontal tissues and the progression of periodontal disease. Specific hormones like cortisol, sex hormones, insulin, and parathyroid hormone are associated with increased risk of periodontitis through impacts on inflammation, immune response, bone metabolism, and bacterial microbiota in the mouth. A better understanding of these endocrine influences could provide insights into risk factors and treatment approaches for periodontal disease.
La neutropenia es la disminución de granulocitos en la sangre, lo que puede causar infecciones. Puede deberse a causas genéticas, congénitas o adquiridas como ciertos medicamentos. En la neutropenia hay una producción deficiente de granulocitos en la médula ósea o una destrucción prematura de los mismos. Los síntomas incluyen fiebre, escalofríos y úlceras bucales. El tratamiento incluye transfusiones de granulocitos en casos graves.
Paget's disease of bone is an osteolytic and osteosclerotic bone disease of unknown origin that can involve one or more bones such as the tibia, femur, pelvis, skull, and vertebrae. It progresses through three stages: an initial osteolytic stage, a mixed osteolytic-osteoblastic stage, and a final quiescent osteosclerotic stage.
This document discusses the effects of smoking on periodontal disease. It finds that smokers have higher levels of certain periodontal pathogens compared to non-smokers. Smoking alters the immune response by impacting neutrophil function, cytokine levels, antibody production, and fibroblast activity. Physiologically, smoking decreases signs of inflammation, reduces gingival blood flow, and delays healing. Regarding treatment, smoking decreases the response to non-surgical therapy, surgery, grafts, and maintenance by reducing clinical improvements and increasing disease recurrence. The document concludes smoking cessation should be recommended prior to implant placement.
The document discusses the effects of hormones from various endocrine glands on the periodontium. It describes how hormones from the hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate other endocrine glands. It then examines the specific effects of hormones from the adrenal, thyroid, parathyroid, gonads and pancreas on periodontal tissues and the mechanisms by which they may influence periodontal health and disease. It also discusses how gender, age and hormone supplements can impact the effects of sex hormones on the periodontium.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal white blood cells that build up in the bone marrow and blood. This document discusses the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of AML. It covers the French-American-British classification system and the newer World Health Organization classification system for AML subtypes. The WHO system categorizes AML based on recurrent genetic abnormalities, multilineage dysplasia with prior myelodysplastic syndrome, therapy-related AML, and other subtypes classified by morphology and cytochemistry.
Chédiak-Higashi syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the LYST gene. This results in abnormal granules in skin and immune cells, leading to partial albinism, infections, and neuropathy. Without treatment, an accelerated phase can develop with fever, bleeding, infections and organ failure. Diagnosis involves observing giant granules in leukocytes. There is no cure, but bone marrow transplants have been successful in some cases.
This document discusses gingivitis and periodontal disease. It defines gingivitis as inflammation of the gums that does not affect the underlying tooth structures. Periodontitis is defined as inflammation that extends below the gumline and can cause bone and tissue loss. The document outlines the signs and symptoms, causes, and types of both gingivitis and periodontitis.
Gingivitis refers to inflammation of the gums. The main cause is plaque-induced microorganisms that release enzymes damaging epithelial and connective tissues. This destroys barriers between gum cells allowing bacterial products or bacteria into tissues. Untreated gingivitis can progress to periodontitis. Symptoms of gingivitis include red, swollen, bleeding gums and changes in texture or consistency. The severity and ease of bleeding provides clues to the integrity of the inflammatory process. Localized or generalized inflammation depends on distribution. Chronic inflammation is usually painless while acute cases can be painful.
Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) are forms of periodontitis that primarily affect younger individuals. LAP typically affects the first molars and incisors, causing rapid attachment loss and bone destruction. GAP affects at least three teeth besides molars and incisors, with periods of destruction followed by remission. Both involve familial factors and bacterial pathogens like P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Treatment involves non-surgical and surgical therapies along with systemic antibiotics. Frequent maintenance is important for managing the diseases.
This document provides definitions and information about premalignant lesions and conditions of the oral cavity. It discusses leukoplakia, erythroplakia, lichen planus, oral submucous fibrosis, candidiasis, and smoker's palate. For each condition, it describes the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options. The document aims to educate about potentially pre-cancerous lesions in the mouth.
This document discusses the clinical features of gingivitis. It begins by defining gingivitis as inflammation of the gingiva and describes how plaque bacteria can damage gingival tissues. It then covers the different types of gingivitis based on duration and distribution. Key signs of gingivitis that are discussed include gingival bleeding, color changes, changes in consistency, size, surface texture, position and contour. Specific conditions like gingival recession are also explained in terms of definition, classification, etiology and clinical significance.
Oral manifestations of gastrointestinal disordersThilanka Umesh
This document discusses various oral manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders, including:
1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, which can cause tooth erosion from stomach acid contact. Enamel is lost in a smooth, shiny pattern.
2. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which can cause oral ulcers and lesions related to nutritional deficiencies from inflammation and malabsorption.
3. Orofacial granulomatosis, characterized by non-caseating granulomatous inflammation affecting the lips and oral tissues, causing swelling. Corticosteroids are a first-line treatment but relapses are common.
This document discusses clinical and microscopic changes that occur in gingivitis. It notes that gingivitis is characterized by inflammation of the gingiva caused by plaque bacteria. Key signs include redness, bleeding, changes in consistency from firm to soggy. Microscopically, there is thinning of sulcular epithelium and dilation of blood vessels. The document also outlines factors that can affect gingival features like color, contour, size, surface texture and position in health and disease.
This document discusses gingival enlargement and recession. It covers various causes of gingival enlargement including inflammatory, drug-induced, disease-related, and neoplastic enlargement. Drug-induced enlargement can be caused by medications like phenytoin and cyclosporine. Treatment involves improving oral hygiene and potentially substituting medications. For persistent enlargement, gingivectomy is recommended. Gingival recession has classifications based on depth and width. Causes include plaque, tooth malposition, trauma, and aging. Recession increases sensitivity and caries risk. Treatment focuses on eliminating causes and using surgery to reposition or graft tissues.
Stress and nutritional factors on periodontal disease april 12013Dr Saif khan
Stress and nutritional deficiencies can impact the periodontium both directly and indirectly. Chronic stress can lead to poor oral hygiene habits and suppressed immunity, increasing risk for periodontal disease. Certain vitamin deficiencies like vitamins C and D are associated with impaired wound healing and bone health, worsening the effects of plaque on the gingiva. Protein deficiency weakens periodontal tissues, making them more vulnerable to breakdown from bacteria. Certain systemic diseases involving cyanosis from congenital heart defects or metal intoxication can also directly impact the gingiva through discoloration or tissue damage.
This document discusses gingivitis, including its classification, clinical features, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Gingivitis can be classified based on its course (acute, recurrent, chronic) or distribution in the mouth (localized or generalized). Clinical signs include red, swollen gums that bleed easily. Gingivitis is usually caused by plaque buildup and can be prevented through regular brushing, flossing, and dental cleanings. The key to treatment and management is proper oral hygiene and professional dental care.
Burkitt's lymphoma is an undifferentiated B-cell lymphoma that commonly affects the jaws of children, particularly the maxilla. Histopathology shows sheets of small round tumor cells with prominent nuclei and minimal cytoplasm, giving a starry-sky appearance. Hyperparathyroidism is caused by increased PTH secretion or calcium demand, resulting in bone and joint issues. Primary hyperparathyroidism is due to parathyroid hyperplasia while secondary involves chronic renal disease. Mucous membrane pemphigoid is a rare autoimmune blistering disease of the mouth, eyes, and other mucosal surfaces causing blisters, erosions and vision impairment. Treatment requires systemic immunosuppression.
This document discusses protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in infants and children. It defines malnutrition and the specific forms of PEM, including marasmus and kwashiorkor. For kwashiorkor, it covers the pathophysiology, etiology, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, and complications. For marasmus it discusses the definition, etiology, clinical assessment, and differences from kwashiorkor. The document also outlines the WHO's 10 steps for recovery from malnutrition and provides a nursing care plan to address malnutrition through dietary interventions and maintaining appropriate body temperature.
Many systemic diseases are reflected in the oral mucosa, maxilla, and mandible.
Mucosal changes may include ulceration or mucosal bleeding.
Immunodeficiency can lead to opportunistic diseases such as infection and neoplasia.
Bone disease can affect the maxilla and mandible.
Systemic disease can cause dental and periodontal changes.
Drugs prescribed for a systemic disease can affect oral tissue.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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etiology of malocclusion for general practitioners.docxDr.Mohammed Alruby
Etiology of Malocclusion
For general practitioners
Prepared by
Dr. M Alruby
Etiology in orthodontics is the study of actual causes of dento – facial abnormalities.
Malocclusion is the condition where there is a deviation from the usual or accepted relationship, dental malocclusion exists when the individual teeth within one or both jaws are abnormally related to each other, this condition may be limited to a couple of teeth or involving the majority of teeth present.
Development of normal dentition and occlusion depends on a number of interrelated factors that include the dento alveolar, skeletal and the neuromuscular factors. Thus localization of the possible etiology may be a very difficult task.
A- Extrinsic factors:
1- Evolution:
With evolution, the jaws become smaller, reduction in the number and size of teeth and diminution of jaw projection together with increased in vertical height of the face and there is retrognathic tendency in man as he ascends the evolutionary scale.
2- Heredity:
Transmission of dento facial characteristic through generation by genes. The child is a product of parents who have dissimilar genetic material. Thus the child may inherit conflicting traits from both the parents resulting in abnormalities of the dentofacial region. Another reason attributed for genetically determined malocclusion is the racial, ethnic and regional intermixer, which might have led to uncoordinated inheritance of teeth and jaws.
There are three types of transmission of malocclusion from the stand point of genetics:
1- Repetitive: the recurrence of single dentofacial deviation within the immediate family.
2- Discontinuous: a tendency for a malocclusion trait to reappear within the family over several generations.
3- Variable: the occurrence of different but related types of malocclusion within several generation of the same family.
Dental defect of genetic origin include the following:
= Crowding and spacing of teeth.
= Size and characteristic of soft tissue including muscles and frenum.
= Macrognathia and micrognathia.
= Macrodontia and microdontia.
= Oligodontia.
= Tooth shape variations.
= Median diastemas.
= upper face height, nose height, and bigonial width.
= Bimaxillary protrusion.
4- Congenital:
Those are deformities of hereditary or non-hereditary origin but exciting at birth.
The congenital abnormalities that cause malocclusion:
= Cleft lip and palate:
lack of fusion between the two palatal processes to each other. From one third to one half of all cleft palate children have familial history of this deformity.
As with the non-cleft child, palatal, pharyngeal and perioral musculature is well developed at birth to meet the demand of suckling, deglutition and mastication. While the complete unilateral or complete bilateral cleft break the continuity of the upper lip and disturbs the functional pattern and significantly reduce the restraining effect of the buccinators mechanism that pro
Gingivitis is the most common form of gingival disease and is caused by bacterial infection resulting in inflammation of the gingival tissue. The characteristics of gingivitis include redness, swelling, bleeding upon provocation, and a change in consistency but no loss of attachment or bone loss. Gingivitis can be classified as dental plaque-induced or non-plaque induced. Dental plaque-induced gingivitis can be modified by local factors, systemic factors, medications, or malnutrition. Non-plaque induced gingivitis can result from bacterial, viral, fungal infections or genetic conditions.
This document discusses the relationship between periodontal disease and various systemic conditions. It covers how diabetes, metabolic syndrome, hormonal factors like pregnancy, and hematologic/immune disorders can influence periodontal health. Specifically, it describes how these conditions can alter the host response and make individuals more susceptible to periodontal pathogens by impairing immune function or increasing inflammation. The document also discusses genetic disorders and stress/psychosomatic factors that predispose to periodontal disease.
This document discusses the influence of various systemic conditions on periodontal health. It covers topics like endocrine disorders and hormonal changes including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and effects of puberty, pregnancy, and menopause. It also discusses hematological disorders and immune deficiencies such as leukocyte disorders, leukemia, and various types of anemia. Finally, it touches on genetic disorders, nutrition influences, stress, medication effects, and other systemic conditions and how they can impact periodontal health.
4. There are no nutritional diffeciences that by
themselves can cause gigivitis or periodontitis but it
can affect the condition of the priodontium &
aggrevate the injurious effect of local factors.
Physical character of the diet :
in experimental animals it was found that:
1- Soft diet ( nutritionally adequate ) plaque and
calculus formation.
2- Hard fibrous food surface cleaning action and
stimulation less plaque and calculus even if
nutritionally inadequate .
5. In humans effect of nutrition ort oral M.O.:
Dietry intake, influence the oral, bacteria as it form
the source of nutrition for bacteria . So, it influence:
Relative distribution of types of organisms.
Metabilic activity of the organisms.
Pathogenicity of organisms.
7. A ) fat soluble Vit.
(1) Vit. A Diffeciency
Function:
maintain the health of epithelial cells of the skin and
m.m.
responsible for re-epitheliazation as epithelial tissues
provide a protective barrier against invading micro-
organisms
Vitamin A diffeciency result in:
dermatologic , mucosal and accular manifestations .
degenerative changes in epithelial tissues
resulting in keratinizing metaplasia .
8. (2) Vit. D “calciferol”
Function:
absorption of calcium from GIT .
maintainer of calcium phosphorus balance
Vitamin D diffeciency result in:
Inexperimaental animals there will be :
1. Osteoprosis of alveolar bone .
2. Sever alveolar bone resorption Proliferation of
fibroblast that replace the bone and marrow New
bone formation around the remnant unresobed bony
trabiculae .
3. Radiographically :
• absence of lamina dura .
• decrease density of supporting bone
• loss of trabeculae.
9. (2) Vit. D "calciferol”
Function:
absorption of calcium from GIT .
maintainer of calcium phosphorus balance
10. (2) Vit. E
Function:
anticxiddant to limit the free radical reaction .
protect cells from peroxidation .
Effect of vit. E diffeciency
no relationship demonstrated between vit.E and oral
disease in humans .
11. B) Water soluble
Vitamins
(1 ) vit, B complex:
Thiamin.
Riboflavin.
Niacin.
Pyridoxine (B6).
Biotin.
Folic acid.
Cobalamin (B12).
12. oral diseases rarely accure due to diffeciency in one
component but diffeciency is generally multiple
Thamin Riboflwin Niacin Folic acid
Diffeciency Diffeciency Diffeciency Diffeciency
1- Beriberi: 1) Glossitis 1) Pellegra : • Macrocytic anemia
• paralysis. • Magenta discoloration •Dermatitis. with megaloplastic
• C.V. symptoms. and atrophy of tongue •GIT disturb. erythropiosis
• Edema . papillae. •Mental disturb.
• Loss of appetite • In mild cases there is •Glossitis. • Diarhea and GIT
patshy atrophy with •Gingivitis. malabsorption
2) orally : engorged fungi form •Stomatitis
• hypersensitwity of papillae. • In luimans :
oral mucosa • In severe cases the a. generalized
• Minute viscles on dorsum tongue is flat, dry stomatitis
• The B. mucosa, and fissured. b. ulcerated glossitis
under the tongue or c. cheihtis
on the palate. 2) Seborrheic
• Errosion of the oral • Dermatits
mucosa
3) Dangular cbeilitis
• Which is inflammation at
the lip commisures.
14. Ariboflavinosis, angular In folate deficiency angular
cheilitis, erythema, and cheilitis may be marked.
atrophy of tongue papillae.
15. (2) Vit. C
Vit. C deficiency lead to :
Scurvy which characterized by :
Haemorrhage lesion into the ms. Of extremities,
joints.
Petechial haemorrhage.
Increase susceptibility to infection around hair follicle
and delayed wound healing .
Bleeding and swollen gingiva.
Loosening of teeth
16. Relationship between vit. C & P. diseases :
Decrease vit. C deficiency influence the metabolism
of collagen in the P. tissues decrease ability of the
tissues to regenerate and repair themselves.
Decrease vit. C deficiency interfere with bone
formation due to failure of osteoblasts to form osteod
and decreased calcification o the osteod tissues
deficiency loss of the periodontal bone .
Increase vit. C deficiency enhance the chemotactic
and migratory action of leukocytes without affecting
their phagocyte activity.
Optimal level of vit. C is required to maintain the
integrity of periodontal microvasculature and wound
healing.
17. Vitamin C deficiency
(scurvy) The characteristic Scurvy, swelling and redness
oral change in scurvy is a of the gingiva.
gingivitis, the papillae being
swollen, with a purple tint and
are fragile.
18. II. protein
deficiency
cells and blood components are formed from protein .
19. Protein deficiency will
lead to
Muscular atrophy and weakness.
Weight loss.
Anemia.
Leukemia.
Edema.
Decrease resistance to infection.
Slaw wound healing.
Decrease ability to form hormones and enzyme.
23. insulin dependent diabetes.
Caused by cell mediated autoimmune
distinction of B. cell of the islets of
pancrease.
Type I
Not preceded by obesity.
Great tendency to coma & ketosis.
In young age & treatment by insulin
injection.
24. Non insulin dependent diabetes.
Caused by peripheral resistance to
insulin impaired insulin secretion and
increased glucose production by the
Type II liver.
Preceded by obesity
Coma and ketosis not common
Adult onset and treatment by diet control
or hypoglycemic agents
25. Gestational diabetes : diabetes associated with
pregnancy in 2% - 5% of women but it
disappear after delivery .
Diabetes associated with diseases involve
pancreas and cause destruction of insulin or
pancreateactomy .
26. Xerostomia .
Gingiva:
inflamed.
enlargement either localized or generalized.
sessile or peduncualted gingival p lips.
Gingival color is bright red dark red .
Alveolar bone destruction, deep periodontal pockets and
looseing of the teeth.
Increased susceptibility to infection due to diffceicncy in
Polymorophnuclear leukocytes impaired chemotactic
and phagocytosis.
27. Frequent abscess formation due to :
high glucose level which serve as bacterial substrate.
impaired chemotactic and phagocytosis of neutrophils.
Impaired wound healing due to and collagenitic activity
and decrease synthesis of collagen which is important for-
wound healing .
Alterations in the bacterial pathogenes and oral microbial
flora this is clue to higher glucose content of gingival
fluid and blood which in turn alter the environment of
microflora in ducing qualitivate changes in bacteria that
account for severity of periodontal disease .
28.
29.
30. 2- Hyper
parthyrodism
It will be lead to:
generalized demineralization of the skeleton .
increase osteoclasits with proliferation of C.T. in the
enlarged marrow spaces diffeciency bone cyst and giant
tumors ( osteitis fibrosa cystica )
oral changes include
Malocclusion and tooth mobility.
Widening of P.L. space.
Absence of lamina dura.
Cyst like space in the jaws, diffeciency filled with
fibrous tissues and haemosedrin laden macrophages
and giant cells ( brown tumors ).
32. 3- Sex
hormones
Gingival changes in puberty :
Exaggerated response of the gingiva to local factors.
Pronounced in flammation , bluish red discoloration ,
edema and enlargement .
Increased tendency for bleeding .
Gingival changes with menstrual cycle :
not-accompaneid with notable gingival change .
33. Gingival changes in pregnancy :
pregnancy itself does not cause gingivities.
pregnancy accentuate the gingival response lo plaque.
no notable change occure with absence of local factors.
Enlarged, edematous, discolored gingiva.
increased tooth mobility, pocket depth and gingival
fluids.
marginal and interdental gingiva are edematous, piton
pressure, appear smooth and shiny.
discrete tumor like masses (pregnancy tumor).
due to increase levels of progesterone hormons which
cause:
Dilatation and tortuosity of gingival microvasculary .
Circulatory stasis .
Susceptibility to mechanical irritation.
36. 1.Leukemia
Def. Malignant neoplasias of WBCs.
precursors characterized by :
replacement of the bone marrow with leukaemic cells.
abnormal no. and forms of immature W.B.Cs in the
blood.
wide spread infiltrate in the liver, spleen, L.N. and other
sites throughout the body.
In all types of leukaemia there is : -
decrease in R.B.Cs anemia.
decrease in platelet tlrombocytopenia.
37. Periodontium in leukaemic patients :
leukaemic gingival enlargement.
Bluish red and cyanotic gingiva.
Rounded tens gingival margin .
Bleeding in leukaemic patients:
pctechae, echymosis and spontaneous bleeding
commonly occur due to replacement of the bone marrow
cells by leukaemic cells and inhibition of normal stem
cells function by leukaemic cells or their infiltrate.
38. Oral ulceration and infections in leukaemic
patients:
granulocytopenia resulting from replacement of the
bone marrow by leukaemic cells decrease tissues
resistance to M.O. opportunistic infections
discrete, punched out ulcer penetrate deeply into
submucosa and covered by firmly attached white slough
in the palate or in B. mucosa along the line of occlusion.
Gingiva is bluish red in color, sponge like, friable and
bleed easily.
39. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia, Acute myelocytic leukemia,
severe gingival enlargement. marked gingival enlargement.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia,
ulcer on the palate. severe gingival enlargement.
40. 2. Anemia
Def. Deficiency in the quantity or quality of the blood
manifested by reduction in no. of erytluocytes and the
amount of haemoglobin.
Types:
1) Pernicious anemia :
Tongue atrophy red , smooth and shiny appearance .
pallor gingiva .
Pernicious anemia, smooth, red,
and shiny dorsum of the tongue.
41. 2) Sickle cell anemia :
generalized osteoprosi.s of the jaw.
pallor and yellowish discoloration of the oral mucosa.
periodontal in fection may precipitate sickle cell crisis.
pallor, jundice, weakness and reumatoid
manifestations.
42. 3) Iron deficiency anemia :
glossitis.
Ulceration of oral mucosa and oropharynx, inducing
dysphagia, (Plummer - Vinson syndrome).
Iron deficiency anemia, smooth Plummer-Vinson syndrome, redness and
dorsal surface of the tongue. atrophy of tongue papillae associated
with angular cheilitis.
43. 4) Aplastie anemia :
occure due to failure of the bone marrow to produce
erythrocytes. As a result of toxic drugs .
• pale discoloration of the oral rnucosa.
• increased susceptibility to infection.
Aplastic anemia, ecchymoses
and ulcers on the tongue.
44. 3. Thrombocytopenia
Etiology:
• Idiopathic.
Effects :
• Spontaneous bleeding in the skin and m.m.
• petechae and haemorrhage vesicles in the palate,
tonsillar pillar and the buccal mucosa.
• the gingiva swollen, soft, friable, bleed easily and
difficult control the bleeding.
Idiopathic thrombo-cytopenic
purpura, petechiae and
ecchymoses of the buccal
mucosa.
46. It affect the oral cavity by :
1) development of habits that are injures to the
periodontium as grinding or clenching the teeth,
nibbing on foreign objects as pencils, nail biting of
excessive use of tobacco gingiaval recession and
periodontal diseases .
2) direct effect to the autonomic nervous system on the
psycologic tissue balance.
48. Leukocyte disorders :
Disorders that affect production or function of
leukocytes severe P. distinction.
Cyclic neutropenia, ulcer
on the labial mucosa
49. Agranulocytosis :
Characters:
reduction in the no. of circulating granulocytes.
Etiology:
occur due to drug idiosyncrasy which occur as acute
disease, but some items it may reappear in cyclic
episodes (Cyclic neutropenia).
Effects :
sever infections including ulcerative necroting lesions
of the oral mucosa skin, GIT and genitourinary tract .
Fever, malaise, general weakness and sore throat .
The mucosa exhibit isolated black to gray necrotic
patches that are sharply demarcated from the adjacent
uninvolved areas .
Gingival hemorrhage, necrosis, increased salivation and
fetid odor.
50. Agranulocytosis, ulcer on Agranulocytosis, severe
the tongue. periodontal destruction.
Agranulocytosis, mild
periodontal destruction.
51. AIDS:
Etiology :
• human Immuno deficiency virus .
Effects:
• Destruction of lymphocytes increase susceptibility to
opportunistic infections including destructive
periodontitis and malignancies .
53. Bismuth intoxication:
It will lead to
GIT disturbances, Nausea, Jaundice.
Lucrative gingivostomatitis with pigmentation.
Metallic taste.
Burning sensation of the mucosa .
Inflamed sore tongue .
Erythromatous eruptions of different types and hyrpes
zoster like eruptions of the skin and m.m.
Narrow bluish black discoloration of the gingiaval
margin due to precipitation of bismuth sulfide
associated with vascular changes in
inflammation of the gingiva .
54. Lead in toxication :
It will lead to :
pallar of face and lips .
GIT disturbances including nausea , vomiting , loss of
apetite and abdominal colic .
Peripheral neuritis, psycologic disorders and
encephalitis .
Excessive salivation .
Coated tongue .
Sweetish taste.
Gingival ulceration and pigmentation (Linear
pigmentation in burtonian line, Steel gray )
55. Mercury in toxication :
It will lead to :
Headache .
Isornnia .
C.V.S. sympioms .
Increase salivation .
Metallic taste .
Giugival pigmentation in liner pattern due to mercuric
sulfide.
Gingival ulceration and destruction of the underlying
bone.
56. Other chemicals :
Include :
Phosphorus .
Arsenic .
Chromium .
It will lead to :
Inflammation and ulceration of the gingiva .
Necrosis of alveolar bone and loosening of teeth .