This document discusses the effects of diabetes in pregnancy on infants. It explains that gestational diabetes occurs when a mother develops insulin resistance during pregnancy due to placental hormones, while pregestational diabetes refers to mothers who had diabetes before pregnancy. Infants of diabetic mothers are at risk of issues like hypoglycemia, being large or macrosomic, birth injuries, and respiratory distress. Careful management of the mother's blood glucose and diet during pregnancy can help decrease these risks to the baby.