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Indoor location in mobile applications using iBeacons
This document discusses iBeacons and indoor location using Bluetooth Low Energy technology. It provides an overview of the limitations of GPS for indoor use and how iBeacons address this by broadcasting Bluetooth signals that can be detected by mobile devices to determine proximity. The document demonstrates how to develop iOS and Android applications to detect and range iBeacons, and how additional beacons allow for more accurate indoor positioning through trilateration. It also covers running beacon detection in the background and potential accuracy issues.
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Indoor location in mobile applications using iBeacons
- 1. Indoor Location inMobile Applications using iBeacons -- Simon Guest, Distinguished Engineer. Neudesic, LLC
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- 3. WHEN YOU AREOUTDOORS
- 4. INDOOR LOCATION ISA DIFFERENT STORY
- 5. ISSUES ▸ GPS signalrarely works indoors ▸ When it does, it's often inaccurate ▸ No concept of indoor space, such as multiple floors
- 6. MANY COMPANIES HAVETRIED TO SOLVE THIS!
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- 10. LESS THAN IDEALRESULTS ▸ Expensive ▸ Custom ▸ Too heavy on power ▸ Unpredictable requirements (e.g. WiFi) ▸ Don't run in background
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- 13. GOAL OF THISSESSION ▸ What are iBeacons? ▸ Developing iOS and Android applications ▸ Pushing the boundaries
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- 16. BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY(BLE)
- 17. BLUETOOTH LE/SMART ▸ Designedfor low power consumption ▸ Secure, simple pairing w/ multiple profiles ▸ Wide range of hardware vendor support
- 18. HOW DOES IBEACONRELATE?
- 19. IBEACON SPECIFICATION ▸ AppleSpecification and Trademark on using Bluetooth LE/Smart for indoor proximity ▸ Similar to a Bluetooth profile, except Apple are driving it ▸ Implementing specification is free, subject to Apple NDA
- 20. REDBEAR BEACON ▸ RedBearBLE Mini ▸ TI CC2540 ▸ 5v USB or 3.4v cell battery input ▸ Around $30 USD
- 21. HOW DO IBEACONSWORK?
- 22. IBEACONS IN USE ▸iBeacon broadcasts signal using a UUID ▸ UUID is unique to a group of iBeacons, not an individual
- 23. IBEACONS IN USE ▸Beacon identifies itself in the group using a Major and Minor number ▸ For example, Major: 1, Minor 2
- 24. IBEACONS IN USE ▸Devices can find iBeacons nearby that match a particular UUID ▸ This is known as ranging for beacons
- 25. IBEACONS IN USE ▸Once found, device can detemine power level of signal from the beacon ▸ Which in turn can approximate the distance
- 26. IBEACONS IN USE ▸Three enumerated ranges supported in the specification ▸ IMMEDIATE, NEAR, and FAR
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- 28. RETAIL STORE: PRODUCTPROMOTION AND LOCATION
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- 30. OIL & GAS:PERSONNEL SAFETY SYSTEM
- 31. REAL ESTATE: OPENHOUSE WALKTHROUGH
- 32. REMEMBER, IBEACONS ARENOT SMART!
- 33. REMEMBER, IBEACONS ARENOT SMART! ▸ No network connectivity ▸ No concept of devices that have discovered them ▸ No storage or additional information beyond UUID, Major, Minor
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- 35. DEVICE COMPATIBILITY ▸ iPhone4S / iPad 3 and upwards, running iOS 7+ ▸ Android 4.3 and upwards, running Linux Kernel 3.4+ ▸ Macs with Bluetooth 4 hardware, running Mavericks ▸ Hardware vendors -- Radius, Redbear, Estimote, and others
- 36. DEVELOPING APPLICATIONS THATSUPPORT IBEACONS
- 37. IOS ▸ Support foriBeacons in CoreLocation in iOS 7.x ▸ Create new CLBeaconRegion using UUID ▸ DidRangeBeacons event used to detect nearby beacons ▸ Returns array of beacons
- 38. IOS (XAMARIN) private CLLocationManagerlocationManager; private NSUuid beaconUUID = new NSUuid ("E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0"); private CLBeaconRegion beaconRegion; public void StartListeningForBeacons () { beaconRegion = new CLBeaconRegion (beaconUUID, "0"); locationManager = new CLLocationManager (); locationManager.DidRangeBeacons += (object sender, CLRegionBeaconsRangedEventArgs args) => { // args.Beacons contains the array of found beacons }; locationManager.StartRangingBeacons (beaconRegion); locationManager.StartUpdatingLocation (); }
- 39. ANDROID ▸ Apple doesnot provide iBeacon SDK for Android ▸ Radius Networks open sourced SDK ▸ Extend Activity with IBeaconConsumer ▸ OnIBeaconServiceConnect and RangingBeaconsInRegion
- 40. ANDROID (XAMARIN) private readonlyIBeaconManager iBeaconManager; private readonly Region monitoringRegion; private readonly Region rangingRegion; private const string UUID = "e2c56db5dffb48d2b060d0f5a71096e0"; public MainActivity () { iBeaconManager = IBeaconManager.GetInstanceForApplication (this); monitorNotifier = new MonitorNotifier (); rangeNotifier = new RangeNotifier (); monitoringRegion = new Region ("r2MonitoringUniqueId", UUID, null, null); rangingRegion = new Region ("r2RangingUniqueId", UUID, null, null); }
- 41. ANDROID (XAMARIN) public voidOnIBeaconServiceConnect () { iBeaconManager.SetMonitorNotifier (monitorNotifier); iBeaconManager.SetRangeNotifier (rangeNotifier); iBeaconManager.StartMonitoringBeaconsInRegion (monitoringRegion); iBeaconManager.StartRangingBeaconsInRegion (rangingRegion); } private void RangingBeaconsInRegion (object sender, RangeEventArgs e) { // beacons returned in e.Beacons }
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- 43. WHAT DID WESEE? ▸ Simple application using CLLocationManager to range for beacons ▸ Relatively accurate line-of-sight proximity detection ▸ Enumerated proximity levels
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- 45. RUNNING IBEACONS INTHE BACKGROUND
- 46. BACKGROUND DETECTION INIOS ▸ Made possible by iOS 7.1! ▸ Invoke ranging for beacons from AppDelegate (not ViewController) ▸ Beacon ranging will persist background and even work when device is locked/standby
- 47. BACKGROUND DETECTION INANDROID ▸ Default as Radius SDK actually runs as a service ▸ Developer chooses how to handle OnResume, OnPause events, and invoking application/service on updates ▸ Should consider own service to handle background notifications
- 48. BACKGROUND TIPS ▸ KeepingBLE enabled and ranging will have some effect on battery ▸ Consider adding sleep time if running in background ▸ Don't make expensive calls (e.g. networking, computation) on each ranging
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- 50. BETTER ACCURACY OFINDOOR LOCATION
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- 55. TRILATERATION ▸ Similar inconcept to triangulation except uses distance vs. angles ▸ Requires minimum of three beacons ▸ Assuming accurate power signals, can calculate more accurate position
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- 57. WHAT DID WESEE? ▸ Position of 3+ beacons sent to NodeJS server ▸ NodeJS server uses cartersian coords to work out position, broadcast via WebSockets ▸ HTML5 page responds to WebSockets and plots position on canvas
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- 59. NOT PERFECT... ▸ Wallsor line-of-sight obstructions will decrease observed power range, and lead to inaccurate results ▸ But an array of iBeacons in an open area (e.g. retail store) should provide 1-2m accuracy
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- 62. IBEACONS ▸ Apple standard,but supported well on most (latest) mobile devices ▸ Mix of hardware and software options, easy to develop ▸ Opening up wide opportunity of indoor location scenarios to any developer at a relatively low cost point
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- 64. Q&A ▸ Simon Guest,Distinguished Engineer, Neudesic LLC ▸ simonguest.com (@simonguest) ▸ http://github.com/simonguest/gids ▸ http://slideshare.net/simonguest
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