history 5th sem b.arch

1. LOUIS I KHAN

2. HE WAS BORN ON FEB20,1901 IN SAAREMMA
ISLAND IN KURESSAARE.
• KHANS NOTABLE ARCHITECTURE IS NOTABLE
FOR ITS SIMPLE,PLATONIC FORMS AND
COMPOSITIONS.THROUGH USE OF BRICK AND
POURED –IN CONCRETE MASONARY.

3. ,HE DEVELOPED A CONTEMPORARARY AND
MONUMENTAL ARCHCITECTURE THAT
MAINTAINED A SYMPATHY FOR THE SITE.
“CONCEPT” INFLUENCED BY OLD
RUINS KHAN’S STYLE TENDS TO THE
MONUMENTAL AND MONOLITHIC.

4. • KHAN RECEIVED ATHE “AIA” GOLD MEDAL IN 1971
AND THE “RIBA” GOLD MEDAL IN1972.
• LOUIS KHAN CONSIDERD ONE OF THE FOREMOST
ARCHITECCTS OF THE LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY.
• ON MARCH17, 1974, HE DIED OF A HEART ATTACK.
• HE ALSO WORKED AS A PROFFESOR IN YALE
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE.

5. • HIS HEAVY BUILDINGS DO NOT HIDE THEIR
WEIGHT ,THEIR MATERIALS,OR THE WAY OF
THEY ARE ASSEMBLED.
• .
• KHAN USED MANY GEOMETRICAL SHAPES LIKE
SHAPES AND LINES TO CREATE
HISMASTERPIECES. HOWEVER, AMONG HIS
MOST FAMOUS CREATIONS, HE SEEMS TO
FAVOR BOTH PARALLEL AND PERPENDICULAR
LINES.

6. • LOUIS KHAN’S WORKS ARE CONSIDERD AS
MONUMENTAL BEYOND MODRENISM.
• HE IS BEST KNOWN FOR HIS CONCERN FOR
NATURE OF MATERIALS AND HOW SURFACES
CAN BE FORMED TO FRAME LIGHT

7.  THROUGH HIS BOLD TECHNIQUE, HE CREATED
STREAMLINE, RADICAL, AND FUTURISTIC
LOOKING BUILDINGS.
 HIS KNOWLEDGE OF THE CLASSICAL TRADITION
SHAPED HIS ARCHITECTURE LIFELONG.

8. LOUIS KHAN’S WORKS ARE CONSIDERD AS
MONUMENTAL BEYOND MODRENISM.
• HE IS BEST KNOWN FOR HIS CONCERN FOR
NATURE OF MATERIALS AND HOW SURFACES
CAN BE FORMED TO FRAME LIGHT

9.  KHAN’S INFLUENCE OCCURRED IN MUCH THE
SAME WAY AS LE CORBUSIER’S BUT ON A
SMALLER SCALE.
 THE ARCHITECTS WHO WORKED FOR KHAN –
 DOSHI, ANANT RAJE, KULBUSHAN JAIN &
CHANDRA SEN KAPADIA.



10.  HE DESIGNED TWO OTHER IMPORTANT
BUILDING COMPLEXES IN SOUTH ASIA .
 SHER-E-BANGLANAGAR NATIONAL CAPITAL
(1963-64)
 THE LEGISLATIVE CAPITAL FOR PAKISTAN
(1963-65

12. • INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT
LOCATED IN
VASTRAPUR,AHMEDABAD,GUJARAT.
• BASICALLY THIS IS A BUSSINESS SCHOOL.
• IT WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1961.
• THE BUILDING IS A MAJOR ICON OF
MODRENISM ARCHITECTURE.
• THE IIM SPREAD OVER 67 ACRES.

13. • LOUIS I KHAN CONCEIVED THIS DESIGN AS A
BLEND OF AUSTERITY AND MAJESTY.
• AND HE MANTAINED THE BALANCE BETWEEN
MODRENITY AND TRADITION BY DESIGNING
THE SPACES FOR CASUAL INTERACTION.
• TO ACHIEVE THIS BALANCE,HE USED BROAD AIRY
CORRIDORS,AMPHITHEATRE LIKE CLASS ROOMS.

14. • HE USED TRANSITION SPACES IN THE COMPLEX TO
ENHANCE THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE
FACULTY,STUDENTS,VISITORS.
• THE ENTITRE BUILDING WAS CONSTRUCTED WITH
TRADITIONAL BRICK.
• THIS IS A CONTEMPORARY BUILDING WHICH IS
RESPOND TO LOCAL CLIMATE.

15. • DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF THIS BUILDING
INCLUDES MANY SQUARE ARCHES AND BRICK
STRUCTURES ON THE WALLS WITH CURVED
CIRCLES.
•

16. IIM AHMEDABAD CONSISTS OF STUDENTS AND
FACULTY RESIDENCE SPACES
THE ARTIFICIAL LAKE DIVIDES ASSYMETRICALLY THE
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS FOR TEACHERS AND
STUDENTS.
 MATERIALS:
IT IS BASICALLY A BUILDING MADE OF BRICK,
TRADITIONAL INDIAN MATERIALS.
IN SOME WALLS AND BRICK FACADES COMBINED
WITH CONCRETE, RESULTING IN A MIXED
CONSTRUCTION AND ORNAMENTATION.

17. SITE AREA – 67 ACRES
LANDSCAPING – 50%
INCLUDING ACADEMIC BLOCK,
LIBRARY,
ACCOMMODATION AND DINING
FOR BOTH TEACHERS AND STUDENTS,
SEPERATED BY AN ARTIFICIAL LAKE.

18. FIRST FLOOR PLAN OF LIBRARY
•IT IS APPROACHED BY A
BROAD IMPACTING SIGHT OF
STEPS FROM THE PARKING LOT

19. SECOND FLOOR : ACCOMMODATE TRIPLE HEIGHT
READING HALL AND CONFERENCE HALL
THIRD FLOOR:
ACCOMMODATES BOUND VOLUMES OF JOURNALS
FOURTH FLOOR:
HAS BOUND VOLUMES OF OLD BOOKS AND JOURNALS

20.  SHAPE : HEXAGONAL
 DESIGN OF CLASS
ROOM IS BASED ON
SEMINAR TYPE
INTERACTION BETWEEN
STUDENTS AND
FACULTY
 WINDOWS ARE HIGH
TO GET GLARE FREE
LIGHT

22.  THE CHARACTER OF A PLAN FOR NEW CITY IS
INFLUENCED BY VARIOUS FACTORS,SUCH AS
THE REGIONAL SETTING,SITE
CONDITIONS,DOMINANT FUNCTION ETC.
 FUNCTIONALLY GANDHINAGAR WAS TO BE
THE CAPITAL CITY OF GUJRAT.THE NEW CITY
WOULD BE PRODOMINANTLY BE THE
ADMINISTRATIVE CENTRE OF THE STATE AND
CONSEQUENTLY MAY AQUIRE MANY
IMPORTANT CULTURAL,CIVIC AND ALLIED
FUNCTIONS.

23.  THE TOTAL AREA OF THE SITE IS ABOUT 5738
HECTARES INCLUDING AND DIVIDED BY THE RIVER.
 THE NEW CITY PLANNED ON THE WESTERN BANK
ON 4290 HECTARES OF LAND.
• THE MAIN WORK AREAS IN THE CITY ARE :
• CAPITAL COMPLEX AND GOVERNMENT OFFICES.
• LIGHT INDUSTRIES AREAS.
• CITY CENTRE.
• PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS AREA.
• SHOPPING,COMMERCIAL AND WAREHOUSING
AREA.

24.  THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF A GRID
{1KMx0.75KM}OF MOTOR ROADS
AND ANOTHER GRID {1KMx0.75KM}
OF CYCLE PEDISTRIAN WAYS
SUPERIMPOSED ON EACH OTHER
SO THAT EACH RESIDENTIAL
COMMUNITY IS SERVED BY
MOTOR ROADS ON THE
PERIPHERY AND CYCLE WAYS
WITHIN IT.
 THE INTERNAL LOOP ROAD
TAKES ITS SHAPE TO ACCOMMODATE
EXISTING TREES.

25.  IN THE PLANNING OF
GANDHINAGAR IN A TOTAL AREA
OF OVER 6000 HECTARES.
 BECAUSE OF THIS MITICULOUS
ATTENTION TO RETENTION OF
EXISTING TREES HAD TO BE
UPROOTED ALL OF WHICH WERE
REPLANTED AND TOOK ROOTS.
 THE MAIN TOWN ROADS HAVE BEEN
SO ORIENTED AS TO BE HELPFUL IN
ORIENTING THE VARIOUS
BUILDINGS CORRECTLY EITH RESPECT
TO LIGHT AND AIR VENTILATION.

26.  THE ALIGNMENT OF THE DISTRIBUTOR ROAD
WITHIN THE SECTORS IS TAKEN IN SUCH A WAY
THAT IT FACILITATES TO ORIENT THE RESIDENTIAL
QUARTERS IN A CORRECT MANNER.
 PRACTICALLY IN ALL THE SECTORS NEARLY 60% OF
THE RESIDENTIAL QUARTERS HAVE BEEN
CORRECTLY ORIENTED WITH REFERENCE TO LIGHT
AND AIR VENTILATION.

27. JATIYO SANGSAD
BHABAN

28. • JATIYO SANGSAD BHABAN IS A NATIONAL
PARLIAMENT HOUSE.
• IT IS LOCATED AT “SHER-E-
BANGLA”NAGAR,DHAKA,BANGLADESH.
• IT IS THE ONE OF THE LARGEST LEGISLATIVE
COMPLEXES IN THE WORLD.

29. • IT WAS COPLETED IN 1982.IT TOOK 19yrs TO
COMPLETE.
• THIS BUILDING COMPRISES OF 200 ACERS.AND IT
WAS CONSTRUCTED IN MODREN,MONUMENTAL
STYLE.
• MUZHARUL ISLAM IS ALSO ONE OF THE
ARCHITECT,WHO IS WORKED WITH LOUIS I
KHAN.

30. • KHAN ASSIMILATED BOTH THE VERNACULAR AND
MONUMENTAL ARCHITECTURAL STYLES.
LAY OUT:
• THE MAIN BUILDING IS DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS.
-THE MAIN PLAZA
-SOUTH PLAZA
-PRESIDENTIAL PLAZA
• THE MAINBUILDING IS AT THE
CORNER OF THE COMPLEX.THE
PARTS OF THE COMPLEX INCLUDE
THE MP HOSTEL.AN INTRICATELY
DESIGNED LAKE SURROUNDS
THE MAIN BUILDING

31. • THE BABHAN CONSISTS OF 9 INDIVIDUAL
BLOCKS.
• ALL 9 BLOCKS INCLUDE DIFFERENT GROUP OF
FUNCTIONAL SPACES AND HAVE DIFFERENT
LEVELS,INTER LINKED HORIZONTALLY AND
VERTICALLY.
• THE ENTIRE STRUCTURE IS DESIGNED TO
BLEND INTO ONE SINGLE ,NON-
DIFFERENTIABLE UNIT,THAT APPEARS FROM
EXTERIOR TO BE A SINGLE STORY.

32.  THE MOST IMPORTANT PART OF THE MAIN
PLAZA IS THE PARLIMENT CHAMBER,WHICH CAN
HOUSE UPTO 354 MEMBERS DURING SESSIONS.
 THERE ARE ALSO 2 PODIUMS AND 2 GALLERIES
FOR VIP VISITORS.
 THE CHAMBER HAS A PARABOLIC SHELL ROOF.
 IT WAS DESIGNED WITH CLEARENCE OF SINGLE
STOREY TO LET IN DAY LIGHT,REFLECTING FROM
SURROUNDINGWALLS AND OCTOGONAL DRUM
FILTERS INTO PARKIMENT CHAMBER.

33.  THE EFFICIENT AND AESTHETIC
USE OF LIGHT WAS A STRONG
ARCHITECTURAL CAPABILITY OF
LOUIS KHAN.

34.  THE SOUTH PLAZA FACES
THE MANIK MIA AVENUE.
 IT GRADUALLY RISES TO 20’
HEIGHT AND SERVES AS A
BEAUTIFUL EXTERIOR AS WELL
AS THE MAIN ENTRANCE TO
PARLIMENT BUILDING.

35.  IT LIES TO THE NORTH AND FACES THE LAKE
ROAD.
 IT FUNCTIONS AS AN INTIMATE PLAZA FOR
THE MP’s THE OTHER DIGNITARIES.