India has a rich diversity of flora and fauna, with over 89,000 animal species, including 1,200 bird species which make up 13% of the world's birds. The country is also home to 2,500 fish species comprising 12% of the global total. It shares between 5-8% of the world's amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. Several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries have been established to protect rare and endangered species such as the Himalayan brown bear, wild asiatic buffalo, desert fox, and hornbill. The document also lists five extinct animal species from India's past, including the Indian aurochs, Gigantopithecus, Ex